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Nutrients are the substances which plants and animals need in order to live and
grow. The digestive system is the group of organs in the body that extract
nutrients from food and expel undigested waste. Digestion consists of four
stages: ingestion,digestion,absorption and elimination.
Our sense of smell triggers the production of saliva in our mouths. This helps
the teeth to crush food as we chew it.
The tongue shapes the food into a ball called a bolus. The bolus passes into the
oesophagus, which is a stretchy tube that links the back of the throat with the
stomach. There is a special flat part at the back of the longue,called the
epiglottis,which prevents food from going down the windpipe and into the lungs.
The role of the stomach is to break down food. It does this by using its strong
muscular walls and excreting gastric juices which mix with the bolus and kill
dangerous bacteria.
The food is dissolved into a liquid.It passes into the small intestine.Here it mixes
with bile,which is produced by the liver and pancreatic juices,which are
produced by the pancreas.These nutrients pass through the walls of the small
intestine and are absorbed into the blood.
The waste that our body does not need passes to the large intestine. Here,
water from this waste is absorbed into the blood. The solid waste leaves our
body through the anus.
EL SISTEMA DIGESTIVO
Los nutrientes son las sustancias que las plantas y los animales necesitan para
vivir y crecer. El sistema digestivo es el grupo de órganos del cuerpo que
extraen nutrientes de los alimentos y expulsan los desechos no digeridos.
La digestión consta de cuatro etapas: ingestión, digestión, absorción y
eliminación.
1. La ingestión comienza en la boca, la nariz y la boca.
Los desechos que nuestro cuerpo no necesita pasan al intestino grueso. Aquí,
el agua de estos desechos se absorbe en la sangre. Los desechos sólidos
abandonan nuestro cuerpo a través del ano.