Introduction

India is the seventh largest (by area) and the

second most populous country in the world, with
roughly one-Sixth of its population, of about a
billion and a quarter.
India is a big country and hence needs to be
governed in a proper and an effective way. The
representatives Chosen by the people are the ones
who take major decision pertaining to the
And all democratic countries hold
elections at regular time of intervals
because:

To bring about peaceful transition from

one government to another .

To ensure that no government is

elected for life and misuses its power.

To bring about participation of the

people in the political process.
 Democracy is the form
of Government in which
the people rule , either
directly or through
elected representatives
What is
election
An arrangement of citizen to choose their
representatives is known as an
ELECTION
An election is a formal
decision making process by
which a population choose
an individual to hold public
office. Election have been
usual mechanism by which
modern representative
democracy has operated
since the 17th century.
 Types of
election
General Bi-
Mid-term elections
elections elections
Which body is responsible for
conducting the elections ?

The election commission of India.

 Election commission of India
•The Election Commission of India is an autonomous,
constitutionally established federal authority responsible
for administering all the electoral processes in the
Republic of India.

•Under the supervision of the commission, free and fair

elections have been held in India at regular intervals as per
the principles enshrined in the Constitution.

•The Election Commission has the power of

superintendence, direction and control of all elections to
the Parliament of India.
 Composition of election
commission
It consists of a chief Election
commissioner and some other
members. They are appointed
by the president of India. Their
term and condition of service
are determined by the
 Election
commissioners
Election Commissioner of India is a member of
Election Commission of India. He is usually a member
of the Indian civil service and mostly from the
Administrative service.
The Election Commission
currently consists of a Chief
Election Commissioner and two
Election Commissioners.
 Functions of election
commissioner of India
•Delimitations of constituencies

•Preparation of electoral rolls

•To recognise political parties

•Allotment of symbols to political parties and independent

•Conduct of election of president and vice - president

•Conduct of election of members of parliament and state legislatures

•To order fresh election

• The stages of the election process of India
include delimitation of constituencies
wherein the entire area is divided into
constituencies.
• After the demarcation of constituency, the
voters' list of each constituency is prepared
and published and nomination papers are
filed by the candidates.
• Thereafter, nomination papers are
scrutinized.
• The next stage is the campaign by all the
candidates and the parties. The election
campaign ends 48 hours before the polling.
The last step is the counting of votes and
declaration of result.
Who is eligible to vote?
The democratic system in India is
based on the principle of

that any citizen over the Age of 18

can vote in election (before 1989 the
age limit 21).
The right to vote is irrespective of
caste, creed, religion or gender. Those
who are deemed unsound of mind, and
people convicted of certain criminal
• USE OF MONEY : Candidates and parties
with a lot of money may
not be sure of their
unfair over small
parties victory but they
do enjoy a
big and independents.
CRIMINALS IN POLITICS;
In some parts of
the country,
candidates with
criminal connection
have been able to
push others out of
the electoral race
and to secure a
‘ticket’ from major
 •NEPOTISM:
Some families tend to
dominate political parties;
tickets are distributed to
relatives from these
families.
•CORRUPT POLITIANS:
Most of the selected
candidates are
corrupted.
Weaknesses
(defects) in
Indian electoral
 •Preparation of Electorals rolls:
The election commission depends on a state
government for preparing and publishing the
electoral rolls the state government generally
deputes primary school teachers, patwari and other
government servants.
•The increasing roll of money in elections
The use of black money in election
has corrupted the political system in
the country and has also denied the
equality of opportunities. Drinking
parties are held, votes are bought
and sold.
 •Voting on basis of caste and religious
In India , there are large
number of voters who vote on
the basis of caste and religion,
political parties , while fielding
candidates for the election,
keep the cast and religion of
the candidates as well as the
voters in the constituencies
•Misuse of official machinery
in their mind.
Because of the power patronage and
resources at its disposal the ruling party
contests the election from a position of
•Absence of voters
Our election
system is that a
large number of
voters in our
country do not
•Use of muscle power and
criminalization of politics.
Use of muscle power is assuming a
dangerous trend in the various
elections held in India. During
elections some candidates and their
supporters are physically assaulted
by their more strong opponents.

•Delay in deciding election

petitions .
The present system for the disposal of election
petitions consumes a lot of time. Though the electoral
law provides for speedy disposal of an election
petitions and its decisions with in 6 months from the
date of representation to the high court.
•Our system of elections should be changed from the FPTP to
some variant of the PR system. This would ensure that
parties get seats ,as far as possible, in proportion to the votes
they get.should be a special provision to ensure that atleast one-
•There
third women are elected to the parliament and assemblies.
•Their should be stricter provisions to control the role of
money in electoral politics.
•Candidates with any criminal case should be barred from
contesting elections , even if their appeal is pending before
court.
•There should be complete ban on the use of caste and
religious appeals in the campaign.
•There should be a law to regulate the functioning of
political parties and to ensure that they function in a
transparent and democratic manners.
Thank You.
Presented by:
Operated - tanya
Speaker - ritika