ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF AN

AUDITORIUM BUILDING
USING (PRE- ENGINEERED
BUILDING METHOD)

A DESIGN PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by
S. MADHANA GOPAL
V.MADHAVAN
R. KEERTHIVASAN
M. LAKSHMANA PRASAD

in partial fulfilment for the award of the degree

of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING

PANIMALAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE

ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600 025
OCTOBER 2019
 ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600 025
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report on “ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF AN

AUDITORIUM BUILDING USING (PRE- ENGINEERED BUILDING
METHOD)” is the bonafide work of S.MADHANAGOPAL,
R.KEERTHIVASAN , M.LAKSHMANA PRASAD, V.MADHAVAN who
carried out the project under my supervision.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

Dr.M.Mageswari.M.E., Ph.D. Mr.Venkateshan.M.E.

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
Department of civil Engineering
Panimalar Engineering College
Nazarathpettai, Chennai-600123.
SUPERVISOR
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
Department of civil Engineering
Panimalar Engineering College
Nazarathpettai, Chennai-600123.

Submitted for the viva-voce examination held at Panimalar Engineering College

Nazarathpettai, Chennai held on 21stOCTOBER 2019

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

ii
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

We have deep urge to record our sincere gratitude to the helping hands
for their contribution in successful completion of our project.

We are grateful to the God almighty who have showered his blessings on
us without whom our project would not have been a successful one.

We sincerely submit our utmost thanks with gratitude to our honorable

secretary Dr.P. Chihnnadurai,M,A.,Ph.D, be loved who gave us the platform
to experiment our ideas.

We are grateful to our principal DR.K.Mani.M.E.,Ph.D, the backbone

of our institution who has the major hand in enabling us to do our project.

We profoundly thank Dr.M.Mageswari.M.E.,Ph.D, Head of the

Department of Civil Engineering who has been an excellent guide and also a
great source of inspiration to our work.

We are deeply indebted to our Guide, our Associate Professor,

Mr.Venkateshan.M.E. who has been our light throughout this project.
We would like to thank her with sincerity for taking her time out for us and
bestowing upon us her varied knowledge for this project.

We would like to thank all the teaching and non-teaching staffs who
stand as a boon to us throughout this project. We are thankful to all our friends
who encouraged us in all steps of this project. Lastly, we would like to ‘Pat on
our shoulder’ for the amount of hard work and confidence we had on this
Project for its successful completion.

3
 ABSTRACT

This project deals with the analysis and design of the Auditorium with
special emphasis on Truss, Columns, Footing and. Analysis is carried out using
Substitute Frame Analysis and preliminary analysis of truss, column is carried
out using Moment Distribution method. Concrete mix used for the RCC
members is M20 and steel used is high yield strength deformed bars of grade
Fe415. Limit State Method is adopted for the design of all structural members
in the building. Safe bearing capacity of soil is taken as 200kN/m2. Footing is
designed as Isolated type. Plan and detailing of reinforcement are enclosed in
this report. Area and other specifications are taken from IS2526:1963 (Code of
practice for acoustical design of Auditorium and conference halls) and NBC
(National Building Code). The limit state method of collapse using IS:
456-
2000, and SP16 have been adopted for the design of structural components like
truss, columns and foundations. Design and analysis is done manually and the
results are verified using STAAD Pro. We have used the AUTO CAD.

KEYWORDS: Acoustic, truss, Column, Footing, Analysis, Auto Cad, Staad

Pro, etc

3
CHAPTER NO TITLE PG .NO

ABSTRACT 4
LIST OF TABLES 11
LIST OF FIGURES 13,14

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. GENERAL 7

1.2. PRE-ENGINEERED BUILDINGS

1.3. ACOUSTICS 7
1.4. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
1.5. LITERATURE REVIEW 8
1.6. OBJECTIVES 9
1.7. NECCESITY 10

2. METHODOLOGY
2.1. REALISTIC DESIGN CONSTRAINT 10
2.2. REFERENCE CODES AND STANDARDS 11

3. ANALYSIS
3.1. STAAD OUTPUT 14

3
 4. DESIGN
4.1. DESIGN OF ROOF TRUSS 16
4.2. DESIGN OF PURLING 17
4.3. DESIGN OF STEEL COLUMN 22
4.4. DESIGN OF BASE SLAB AND
FOUNDATION 24

5. CONCLUSION 28

6. REFERENCE 30

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
1.1. GENERAL:
An auditorium is a room built to enable an audience to hear and watch performances such as theatres.
Auditorium, Conference hall, Library and Indoor Games are necessary for an Engineering college. In
Kuppam College of Engineering, Library, Conference hall are located at different locations and also
there is no special building for Auditorium. This project reports on the analysis and design of
Auditorium, Library and Indoor Games hall in one separate block. All structural components for the
building such as Truss, columns, footing are analysed and designed with Isolated footing is adopted
for all columns. Safe bearing capacity is taken as 200kN/The structure is designed by using limit
state method, adopting M20 concrete and Fe415 HYSD bars. Site plan, plan showing various floors,
3
section of plan, elevation of plan and detailing of reinforcements for truss, Column, and Footing are
also enclosed.

Pre-Engineered Buildings
T e c h n o l o g i c a l i m p r o v e m e n t o v e r t h e y e a r h a s c o n t r i b u t e d i m m e n s e l y t o t h e enha
ncement of quality of life through various new products and services. One such
revolution was the pre-engineered buildings. Through its origin can be traced back
to1960’s its potential has been felt only during the recent years. This was mainly due to the
development in technology, which helped in computerizing the design and design. Though initially
only off the shelf products were available in these configurations aided by the technological
development tailor made solutions are also made using this technology in very short
durations. A recent survey by the Metal Building Associations (MBMA) shows that about
60% of the non-residential low rises building in USA are pre-engineered buildings. Although PEB
systems are extensively used in industrial and many other
nonr e s i d e n t i a l c o n s t r u c t i o n s w o r l d w i d e , i t i s r e l a t i v e l y a n e w c o n c e p t i n I n d i a .
T h e s e concepts were introduced to the Indian markets lately in the late 1990’s with the opening up
of the economy and a number of multi nationals setting up their projects. The
market potential of PEB’s is 1.2 million tones per annum. The current pre engineered steel building
manufacturing capacity is 0.35 million tons per annum. The industry is growing at the compound
rate of 25 to 30 %. W i t h r e s p e c t t o d e s i g n o f t h e s t r u c t u r e a n d a e s t h e t i c a p p e a r a n c e
India is
w a y behind. Indian manufacturers are trying to catch up; comparatively PEB’s is a newconcept in
India. Besides, in fabrication and other areas of PEB India is very good. As compared to
other countries Indian codes for building design are stringent but safer. IS-standards are
upgraded continuously. In India, American codes are also followed.

Pre-engineered steel buildings can be fitted with different structural

accessories including mezzanine floors, canopies, fasci as, interior partitions
29
etc. and the building is made water proof by use of special mastic beads, filler
strips and trims. This is very versatile buildings systems and can be finished
internally to serve any functions
andaccessorized externally to achieve attractive and unique designing st
yles. It is veryadvantageous over the
conventional buildings and is really helpful in the low-rise building
design. Pre-engineered buildings are generally low rise buildings however the maximum
eave height can go up to 25 to 30 metres. Low rise buildings are ideal for offices,
houses, showrooms, shop fronts etc. The application of pre-engineered buildings
concept to low-rise buildings is very economical and speedy. Buildings can be
constructed in less than half the normal time especially when complemented with the
other engineered sub systems. The most common and economical type of low rise
buildings is a building with ground floor and two intermediate floor plus roof. The
roof of low rise buildings may be flat or sloped. Intermediate floors of low-rise
buildings are made of mezzanine systems. Single storied houses for living take
minimum time for construction and can be built in any type of geographical
location like extreme cold hilly areas, high rain prone areas, plain land obviously
and extreme hot climatic zones as well.

APPLICATIONS
More than 70% of all single storey non-residential construction, in the
U S A , utilizes pre-engineered buildings. The applications of pre-
engineered buildings rangefrom small car parking sheds to 90 m (+) wide clear span
aircraft hangars to low-rise multi storey buildings. Almost every conceivable building
use has been achieved using the pre-engineered building approach The most common
applications of pre-engineered buildings are:

Industrial
•Factories
•Workshops
•Warehouses
•Fuel stations
•Cold storages
•Car parking sheds
•Slaughter houses
•Bulk product storage and Godowns.
Institutional
•Schools
•Exhibition halls
•Hospitals
•Theatres
29
•Auditoriums
•Indoor Sports halls.
Aviation & Military
•Aircraft hangers
•Administration Buildings
•Residential barracks
•Support facilities

ADVANTAGES:

REDUCED CONSTRUCTION TIME: Buildings are typically delivered in just a few weeks
after approval of drawings. Foundation and anchor bolts are cast parallel with finished,
ready for the site bolting. Our study shows that in India the use of PEB will reduce total
construction time of the project by at least 50%. This also allows faster occupancy and
earlier realization of revenue.
LOWER COST: Due to the systems approach, there is a significant saving in design,
manufacturing and on site erection cost. The secondary members and cladding
n e s t together reducing transportation cost.
FLEXIBILTY OF EXPANSION: Buildings can be easily expanded in length by adding additional
bays. Also expansion in width and height is possible by pre designing for future expansion.
LARGE CLEAR SPANS: Buildings can be supplied to around 80M clear spans.
QUALITY CONTROL: As buildings are manufactured completely in the factory under controlled
conditions the quality is assured.
LOW MAINTENANCE: Buildings are supplied with high quality paint systems
for cladding and steel to suit ambient conditions at the site, which results in long durability and low
maintenance coats.
ENERGY EFFICIENT ROOFING AND WALL SYSTEMS:
B u i l d i n g s c a n b e supplied with polyurethane insulated panels or fiberglass blankets
insulation to achieve required “U” values.
ARCHITECTURAL VERSTALITY:
Building can be supplied with various types of fasci as, canopies, and curved eaves and
are designed to receive pre cast concrete wall panels, curtain walls, block walls and other wall
systems.
SINGLE SOURCE RESPONSIBILTY:
As the complete building package
is supplied by a single vendor, compatibility of all the building components and accessories isassur
ed. This is one of the major benefits of the pre-engineered building systems

1.2 ACOUSTICAL REQUIREMENTS

29
 Halls Used for Speech -The clarity of speech is most important in this
case. Optimum clarity depends on:1 correct reverberation time, 2 absence of
echo,3 correct loudness level at all parts of hall. Halls for music - Adequate
reverberation is important to lend proper blending and fullness of music. The
reverberation time is required to be higher than for halls meant for speech only.
General Purpose Halls Used for Both speech and music- The reverberation time
should be in-between that provided for in halls for music and speech. Cinemas
(Sound Picture hall).

29
1.3. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
1. Seats
Seats should be staggered sideways in relation to those in front so that a listener
in any row is not looking directly over the head of- the person in front of him
This is particularly important for halls where the audience provides the major
part of the required sound absorption

Figure .1 cone of vision

1.4.LITERATURE REVIEW:

Howard G. Latham, The signal to noise ratio for speech intelligibility

An Auditorium Acoustics design index The Signal-to-Noise Ratio devised by
Lochner and Burger contributed an objective design index for predicting speech
intelligibility. Their index provided a measure of useful and detrimental

29
reflected speech energy according to the integration and masking characteristics
of hearing, and enabled predictions to be made from impulse measurements in
models. However, it was necessary to extend the Signal-to-Noise Ratio theory
to account for the effect of fluctuating ambient background noise on speech
intelligibility.
Howard G. Latham, The Measurement of Quality in Auditorium Acoustics by
Subjective Scaling Methods – A Review of Developments in Theory and
Practice The effects of reflections: The terms 'reflection' and 'echo' have
sometimes been confused, in that any perceptible reflection was called an 'echo'.
It could be useful to identify three types of reflection by their subjective
effects in complex sound fields:

• Imperceptible but contributing towards sound impression.

• Perceptible but not disturbing, and not perceived as an echo or new source.

• Perceptible and disturbing.

The threshold of perceptibility has been defined as the level at which 50

per cent of subjects noticed a difference in the sound field. The critical level of
a reflection was determined when 50 per cent of listeners were disturbed. Chan
H. Haan & Fergus R. Fricke, Statistical Investigation of Geometrical Parameters
for the Acoustic Design of Auditorium Volume/seat: Sabine la showed that the
reverberation time of an auditorium is directly proportional to the room volume
and inversely proportional to the total absorption in the auditorium. As the total
absorption is largely dependent on the number of seats in the auditorium the
reverberation time will be dependent on the volume/seat ratio.

1.5 OBJECTIVE:
i. The objective of the project is to design an auditorium with a large span
without compromising safety.

29
 ii. The seating is done considering acoustic

1.6. NECESSITY:
i. To provide a stage for performing arts.
ii. ii. To accommodate an audience of large members for seminars and
lectures.

2. METHODOLOGY:
• Literature survey: Books and codes required for the project are
collected.
• Planning: Plan is made using AUTOCAD.
• Calculation of loads:With reference to code books, design loads are
calculated
• Analysis and Design: Analysis and Design of various elements of
auditorium like roof truss, R.C.C column, beam and foundation is done
using software like STAAD. Pro and MS Office.
• Detailing: Detailing of basic elements of auditorium infrastructure is done
using AUTO CAD.

2.1. REALISTIC DESIGN CONSTRAINT:

• TABLE 1: APPLICATION OF EARLIER COURSES

COURSE CODE AND NAME CONTEXT

CE 0104 - Computer Aided Computer Aided Building

Building Drawing Drawing

CE 0209 - Building Technology Byelaws, Setbacks, Open Space,

Floor area ratio

29
CE 0201 - Mechanics of Solids Evaluation of bending moment
and shear forces

CE 0202 - Strength of Materials Evaluation of deflection

CE 0204 - Structural Design I Design of steel structure

CE 0301 - Structural Analysis I Analysis of Determinate structure

2.2. REFERENCE TO CODES AND STANDARDS:

CODES/STANDARDS CONTEXT
IS 875:1987 (Part 1) CODE OF PRACTICE FOR DESIGN
LOADS: DEADLOADS- UNIT
WEIGTHS OF BUILDING MATERIALS
AND STORED MATERIALS
IS 875:1987 (Part 2) CODE OF PRACTICE FOR DESIGN
LOADS- IMPOSED LOADS
IS 875:1987 (Part 3) CODE OF PRACTISE FOR DESIGN
LOADS -WIND LOADS
IS 456:2000 PLAIN AND REINFORCED
CONCRETE - CODE OF PRACTICE
IS 800:2007 CODE OF PRACTICE FOR
GENERAL CONSTRUCTION IN STEEL
IS 2526:1963 CODE OF PRACTICE FOR
ACOUSTICAL DESIGN OF AUDITORIUM
AND CONFERENCE HALLS

29
LAYOUT:

FIG.1.
29
The procedure followed in analysing the auditorium is

1. Preparing the cross sections

2. Defining the load data
3. Preparing the staad.pro model
4. Assigning all the specifications to the model like loading, dimensioning
etc.
5. Running the analysis.

FIG.2.3D RENDERING

29
 FIG.3MOMENT AND SHEAR GRAPH DIA

4.1 DESIGN OF ROOF TRUSS

Determine DL, LL&WL per panel point for Roof truss Of the following
data at Chennai:-
1) Span of truss = 24m.

2) Spacing of truss = 4m c/c.

3) Rise of truss = 4m.

4) Height of truss above G.L. = 12m.

5) Assume height of Purlin and other fixtures = 125N/m2 Per plan area.

6) Total number of panel = 14.

29
7) Number of Purlin = 14.

8) Length of building = 44m.

9) Probable life of years = 25 years.

10) Terrain categories, class = Categories
2,class A. 11)Topography of ground = slope<3°.
12)Opening of the building = 25% of wall area.

a) Preliminary calculation:-

1) Angle of span:
Tanα = rise/(L/2) = 4/12 =0.333
α=18.42°.
2) Length of principle rafter:
P.R = √(12^2 + 4^2)
= √(180.89)
= 12.65m.
3) Half plan of area:
= (L/2)× Spacing of roof truss
= (24/2)×4
= 48m^2.
4) Half Sloped area:
= Length of principle rafter × Spacing of roof truss
= 12.65 × 4
= 50.6m^2.

b) Calculation of Dead Load:

For A.C sheet assume 130n/m^2

29
 = 0.13kn/m^2
1)Weight of roofing material:
= 0.13 × 50.6
= 6.578Kn.
2)Weight of Purlin:
Assume weight of purlin as 125n/m^2
= 0.125kn/m^2.
Weight of Purlin = 0.125 × 48
= 6kn.
3)Self Weight of roof truss:
= 10[(span/3)+5]
= 10[(24/3)+5]
= 130n/m^2.
Self weight of roof truss = 0.13×48
= 6.24kn
4) Weight of wind bracing:
Assume weight of wind bracing = 15n/m^2.
= 0.015kn/m^2.
Weight of wind bracing = 0.015×48
=0.72kn.
Total Dead Load = 6.578+6+6.24+0.72
= 19.538kn.

On each side of truss there are 6 panel point.

 Dead Load on Full Panel Point(FPP) = (19.53/6)
= 3.256kn.
 Dead Load on End Panel Point(EPP) = (3.256/2)

= 1.628kn

29
 4.2 DESIGN OF PURLIN

Properties:

Type of section = Channel section

Spacing of truss = 4m

Spacing of purlin = 2m

Live load on G.I roof sheet = 0.6KN/m2

Wind load = 1.5KN/m2

Slope of rafter = 18.42°

Step:1 Load calculation

Assume self weight of purlin as 0.125KN/m2

Load per unit width of purlin = 0.125× 2

= 0.25KN/m

Live load = 0.6× 2 = 1.2KN/m

Wind load = 1.5× 2 = 3KN/m

Load combination 1

= 1.5DL + 1.5LL

= 1.5× 0.25 + 1.5× 1.2

= 2.175KN/m

Load combination 2

= 1.5DL – 1.05WL

= 1.5× 0.25 – 1.05× 3

29
 = -2.775KN/m

Load along major axis(z-z) = P cos

= 2.175×cos 18.42°

= 2.063KM/m

Load along minor axis(y-y) = P sin

= 2.175×sin 18.42°

= 0.687KN/m

Step : 2 Maximum SF and BM

Major axis:

M = 2 = 2.063×42 = 4.126KN-m
ZZ 8 8

SFZZ = = 2.063×4 = 4.126KN

2 2

Minor axis:

M = 2 = 0.687×42 = 1.374KN/m
YY 8 8

SFYY = = 0.687×4 = 1.374KN

2 2

Step : 3 Selection of section

Determination of required plastic modulus

Z = + 2.5( )

pz

b= 60 60
= 4000 = 66.67

d= 45 45
= 4000 = 88.89

29
 Zpz = 4.126×10
250 6 (1.1) + 2.5(66.67
88.89)1.374×10
250 6(1.1)

= 18154.4 + 11335.925

Zpz req = 29490.32 mm3 Provide

ISMC 100 (channel section)

Properties:

Weight per m = 9.2Kg/m

Overall depth (D) = 100mm

Width of flange (bf ) = 50mm

Thickness of flange (tf ) = 7.5mm

Thickness of web (tw) = 4.7mm

Radius of gyration (r) = 14.9mm

Root radius (Rr) = 9mm

Moment of inertia(Ixx) = 186.7× 104mm4

Zpz = 43.83× 103mm3

Zez = 37.30× 103mm3

Zey = 7.5× 103mm3

2
= 502 ×7.5
Zpy = 2 2

= 9.375× 103mm3

Section classification

1) = −2( + ) = 100−2(9+7.5) = 14.25 < 42

4.7

29
 50⁄
⁄
2) = 2
= 2
= 3.33 < 9.4
7.5

Thus the section is plastic.

Step : 4 Check for shear capacity

Major :
=
V
dz √3

Avz = D × = 100×4.7 = 470mm2

Vdz = 250 × 470 = 61.672KN

√3 1.1

Minor :
V =

dy √3

Avg = 2bftf = 2×50×7.5 = 750mm2

Vdy = 250 × 750 = 98.412KN

√3 1.1

Step : 5 Check for moment capacity of section

= Zpz ≤ 1.2 Zez
Mdz

= 43.83× 103 × 250 ≤ 1.2×37.3× 103 × 250

1.1 1.1

= 9.961KN-m ≤ 10.173KN-m
= Zpy ≤ 1.5 Zey
Mdy
= 9.375× 103 × 250
1.1

29
≤ 1.5×7.5× 103 × 250
1.1

= 2.131KM-m ≤ 2.557KN-m

29
Step : 6 Check for interaction equation

+ ≤ 1

4.126
+ 1.374
2.131
≤ 1
9.961

0.98 ≤ 1

Hence ok

Step : 7 Check for deflection

Actual deflection = 5
4
384

= 5×2.063×(4×10
384×2×10 3)4
5×187.6×104

= 18.72mm

Allowable deflection = = 4000 = 26.67mm

150 150

Actual deflection < Allowable deflection

Hence safe.

29
 4.3. Design of steel column

Data:

Load on column(pu) = 50.346KN

Length of column(l) = 8m

End condition = bottom is fixed and top is

Free rotational

Take fy of steel as 250N/mm2

Calculation of compressive strength(Pd)

Let as assume fcd = 135N/mm2(for rolled steel I section)

Pd = Ae fcd = 50.346×103 = 372.93mm2

= 135

Ae

Area required = 1.1×Ae

= 1.1× 372.93

= 410.27mm2

Provide ISMB 300 @ 44.2Kg/m

Properties:

Gross area(Ag) = 5626mm2

Least radius of gyration(r) = 28.4mm

Overall depth(D) = 300mm

Width of flange(bf) = 140mm

29
 Thickness of flange(tf) = 12.4mm

To find Buckling class:

= 300 = 2.14 > 1.2

140

Buckling class A about z-z axis

To find Imperfection factor( ):

From code book IS 800:2007 table -7

For buckling class A → = 0.21

To find effective length of member:

KL = 0.8L

= 0.8×8

= 6.4m

To find slenderness ratio:

= 6.4×10
28.4 3

= 225.35

To find fcd:

From table 9(a) class A

fy

220 34

225.35 fcd=32.5N/mm2

230 31.2

29
Compressive strength

Pd = Ae fcd

Ae = 0.9Ag

= 0.9 × 5626

= 5063.4mm2

Pd = 5063.4× 32.5

= 164.56KN

P < Pd 50.346

< 164.56

Hence safe.

4.4.DESIGN OF BASE PLATE AND FOUNDATION

DATA:

Column properties:

Factored load(Pu) = 830.346KN

D = 300mm

Bf = 140mm Tf

= 12.4mm

Tw = 7.5mm

Assume M20 grade of concrete is used for foundation.

Provide welding connection between column and

Base plate.

29
Step : 1 Calculation of required area of conceret

Bearing stress of concrete = 0.45fck

= 0.45× 20

= 9N/mm2
=
0.45
= 830.346×10
9 3
Areq
= 92260.67mm2

Ratio of column:

= 140
300

B = 2.14L

Area = L× B = 92260.67

L× 2.14B = 92260.67

2.14L2 = 92260.67

L = 207.64 ≈ 210mm

B = 439.33 ≈ 440mm

Projections:

29
 Larger(a) = − = 440−300 = 70mm
2 2

Smaller(b) = − = 210−140 = 35mm

2 2

Step : 2 Calculation of bearing stress on plate

W= = 830.346×10
210×440 3

W = 8.98N/mm2

Step : 3 Thickness of base plate

ts = √(2.5 ( 2
− 0.3 2
) / > tf

= √(2.5 × 8.98(702 − 0.3 × 352)1.1/250

= 21.16 > 12.4

= 21.16mm

Provide a base plate of 22mm.

Connecting 210×440×22mm base plate to concrete foundation by using 4

bolts of 20mm 300mm long to anchor the plate.

Step : 4 Design of connection between column and

Base plate

Assume thickness of weld as 12mm

Stress of weld (fwd) =

29
 Fu = 410N/mm2

(for field fabrication) = 1.5

= 410 = 236.71N/mm2
Fwn √3
√3

Fwd = 236.71 = 157.81N/mm2

1.5

Strength of weld per mm

= stress of weld × effective thickness

= 157.81 ×
√2

= 157.81 × 12
√2

= 1338.97N/mm

Length of weld required

= /

= 830.346×10
1338.97 3
= 620mm

Length of weld provided

= (4×140 + 2×300 - 2×12.4) = 113.12mm

Thus, provided > required Hence safe.

29
DETAILINGS

29
29
5. CONCLUSION

• This project concerns the feasibility of construction of an auditorium

with good acoustic properties.

• It involves the application of earlier coursework to carry out the analysis

and design of components of structure.

• It was analysed using STAAD.Pro using generic loading.

• The construction of auditorium presents a solution for many cultural

programmes being held.

• This project can be directly implanted.

6. REFERENCE:

• Dr. B. C. Punmia, Ashok Kumar Jain, Design of Elements R.C.C. Designs

Reinforced Concrete Structures, 2002, Pg. no. 157, 999, 1015

• Ahmed Ali Elkhateeb, Ain Shams Engineering Journal,2012, Pg. No. 5-9

29
• Bodycombe, Audience Geometry, Journal of Sound and Vibration 78(4),

598-602, 1981, Pg. No. 9

• Chan Haan & Fergus Fricke, Statistical Investigation of Geometrical

Parameters for the Acoustic Design of Auditoria, 1992, Pg. No. 5-15

• Howard Latham, Subjective Measurements-Practice, The Measurement

of Quality in Auditorium Acoustics by Subjective Scaling Methods - A

Review of Developments in Theory and Practice, 1983, Pg. No. 1, 9

• Howard Latham, Summary, The Signal-To-Noise Ratio for Speech

Intelligibility- an Auditorium Acoustics Design Index, 1979, Pg. No. 1

• IS: 456 (2000), Plain and Reinforced Concrete Code Of Practice, Bureau

Of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

• IS: 875 (Part I) (1987), Code of practice for design loads (other than

earthquake) for buildings and structures Part I Dead Loads – Unit weights

of building materials and stored material.

• IS 875 (Part II) (1987), Code of practice for design loads (other than

earthquake) for buildings and structures Part II Imposed loads.

• IS 875 (Part III) (1987), Code Of Practice For Design Loads: Wind

29
 Loads SP: 16, Design aid for reinforced concrete

structures to IS: 456 (1978)

• IS 2526:1963, Code Of Practice For Acoustical Design Of

Auditorium And Conference Halls

29