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2
 ( 1.0 marks)

The number of chromosomes present in the zygote of a rat is 42. How many chromosomes
are present in the meiocytes of the rat?

2
 ( 1.0 marks)

What is lactational amenorrhea?

2

( 1.0 marks)
Which term is used to refer a cross between an individual with unknown genotype and a
recessive parent?

2
 ( 1.0 marks)

RNA is less suitable as genetic material than DNA. Give two reasons to justify this
statement.

2
 ( 1.0 marks)

Name the bacterium used for

cloning genes in Soyabean plant

 amplification of DNA in PCR reaction at high temperature

2
 ( 1.0 marks)

Which term is used to refer to the conservation of threatened and endangered animals in
their natural habitats? Give an example.

2
 ( 1.0 marks)

The process of succession is faster in an abandoned field than on a bare rock. Why?

2
 ( 1.0 marks)

In human beings, the father decides the sex of the child, which is not the case in birds.
Why?

2
 ( 2.0 marks)

Which kind of pollination brings genetically different types of pollens to the stigma í
Geitonogamy or Xenogamy? Why?

2
 ( 2.0 marks)

The given graph represents the operation of natural selection.

1. What type of natural selection operates in the diagram given above?
2. What will be the shape of the graph when more number of individuals acquires mean
character value of the phenotype?

2
 ( 2.0 marks)

A person has been detected to be suffering from stomach cancer by doctors.

 Name the techniques used by the doctor for the detection of cancer.

 What is the role of interferon in cancer treatment?

2
 ( 2.0 marks)

What type of immunity is provided by the mother to the new born baby through her milk?
How is it different from the immunity provided through vaccination?

2

( 2.0 marks)
1. Which method is used by researchers to increase the wide scale production of virus-
free banana plants?
2. Which part of the plant is used for raising the virus-free plants and why?



What is the role of

 bacteria in myocardial infarction and 

 

in
preparation of Swiss cheese?

2
 ( 2.0 marks)

Discuss the role of microbes as bio-fertilizers?

2
 ( 2.0 marks)

What is insertional inactivation? What is its function in recombinant DNA technology?


Name three classes of insects pests against which Bt toxins are effective. How do Bt toxins
control the pest population in a crop field?

2
 ( 2.0 marks)

1. What does species-area curve signify? Write the equation for species-area
relationship on a log scale.
2. What is the value of å for plants in Britain?

2
 ( 2.0 marks)

What are the negative impacts of noise on human health?

2
 ( 2.0 marks)

What is parturition? Name the hormone involved in the event of parturition and explain its
role.

2
 ( 3.0 marks)

In an experiment, a cross involving two plants of Ê


, one with red colour flowers
and the other with white colour flowers, was performed.

1. What is the colour of the flowers of the individuals in F1 generation? Explain the
reason involved. Determine the genotypic and phenotypic ratios in the F2 generation
plants with appropriate diagrams.

2
  ( 3.0 marks)

The given diagram illustrates a cellular process.

i. Which cellular process is depicted in the given diagram?

ii. Label the structures that are marked from  to  .
iii. How is the process initiated and terminated?

2
  ( 3.0 marks)

Arrange the following ancient group of animals in order of their evolution from most
ancient to most recent.

Dinosaurs, Pelycosaurs, Therapsids, Thecodonts

Name the organisms, which form connecting link between fishes and amphibians.

2
 ( 3.0 marks)

How does HIV virus affect the immune system of the body?

2

( 3.0 marks)
Explain three methods of uptake of foreign DNA from the environment by the bacterial cell
in recombinant DNA technology.

2
  ( 3.0 marks)

Explain how the field of biotechnology is used for

 production of protein enriched milk

 curing adenosine deaminase deficiency

2
  ( 3.0 marks)

 Why it is necessary to take approval from the government regarding genetic
modifications of organisms?

 Discuss the negative impacts of GM organisms.

2
  ( 3.0 marks)

Briefly explain ³competitive exclusion principle´.

Explain the mechanism evolved by species to promote co-existence in nature.



Draw a simplified model of phosphorus cycle in a terrestrial ecosystem.

Which term refers to the breakdown of complex organic matter or biomass from the
body of dead plants and animals into inorganic raw materials such as carbon dioxide, water,
and some nutrients?

2
  ( 3.0 marks)

What is age pyramid? Name and draw the three types of age pyramids for human
population.

In a population of rats with 100 individuals, twenty individuals are added every year.
Calculate the birth rate of the rat population.



What is meant by the term, cultural eutrophication, and how does it occur? What are
the effects of cultural eutrophication on a water body?

What is biological magnification? Explain its effect on food chain with an example?

2
  ( 5.0 marks)

1. Draw a well-labelled diagram to explain the structure of a mature embryo sac in
angiosperms?
2. Trace the events that take place during the process of double fertilization.
3. Draw a well-labelled diagram to explain the structure of a typical dicot embryo.

2
  ( 5.0 marks)

  Describe briefly the process of translation.

 Discuss the role of tRNA as adaptor molecule.

2

 ( 5.0 marks)
 Draw a well-labelled diagram of a T.S. of human ovary.

 Trace various events during the development of ovum from oogon