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Teaching unit Basketball

1 .- THE BASKET: A BRIEF HISTORY.

Basketball was born in 1891 in the United States, namely,

in the University YMCA, Springfield (Massachusetts) where
the career of Physical Education was set. James Naismith,
physical education teacher,he wanted to create a team
sport that could be practiced in the gym during the cold
winter. After analyzing the sports that were practiced at
the time, such as rugby, football, baseball, etc..,
Naismith created eleven rules of the game we know today
as basketball.
Naismith placed two peach baskets nailed to the extreme
of a track, 3.05 meters from the ground. Hence the name
"basketball" was originated. Basketball is a English
compound word that defines the object of the game:
putting the ball into a basket.
At the Berlin Olympics in 1936 was included as Olympic
sport. The women's basketball was not until the Olympic
Games in Montreal in 1976.
For the first time basketball appeared in Spain in 1921.
The Escolapian Eusebio Millan Alonso introduced this team
sport in Barcelona. The first team that was created was
"Laietà Basketball Club" in 1922, at the Pia School of
San Antonio. In 1923 the first Championship of Catalonia
was held .In adittion to this ,the Catalan Basketball
Federation was created.Then, a year later, the Spanish
Federation of Basketball was founded.
2 .- THE ELEMENTARY RULES.
2.1 .- Definition.
Basketball is played between two teams of five players.
The aim is to introduce the ball into the basket of the
opponent and to avoid that the other team receives
possession . The ball may be passed, thrown,bounced or
driving in any direction according to the rules.
2.2 .- The court
It is a rectangular area of 28x15 meters, bounded by the
field lines (sides and bottom), divided into two camps
(central line), there are some areas that determine
specific rules, we have:
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- The area of release 3-point (line 6.25 m)

- key area or 3 seconds.
- The 3 gaps between two areas (one for each ring and a
bottle in midfield.
- The area of free throws (free throw line).

2.3 .- Basic basket vocabulary

assit a pass to a
teammate that
leads directly to
a goal

backboard a board behind the

basket, off which
the ball may
rebound

Block to stop the

movement of an
opponent, or stop
an opponent's pass
or shot
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bounce to rebound after

hitting a surface

Bounce pass a pass that

bounces off the
floor before it
reaches the
receiver

Chest pass Two handed pass

trown from heigt
chess
double-dribbling violation of
dribbling the ball
with two hands, or
stopping and
restarting the
dribble

dribble To bounce the ball

repeatedly with
one hand while
running or walking

possesion To be holding or
be in control of
the ball
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drive A fast strong

dribble directly
to the basket in
an effort to
score.

foul A violation
resulting from a
illegal contact
with an opposing
player.

Free throw A free shot taken

from the free
throw line as the
result of a foul
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guarding Following an
opponent to stop
him from driving,
shooting or
passing easily.

hoop The round metal

rim from which a
basketball net is
suspended

Jump shot A shot taken while

a player is
jumping through
the air

Set shot A shot taken with

both feet on the
floor in a set
position
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Lay up
A shot taken close
to the basket that
is usually hit off
the backboard and
into the basket

No-look pass A pass thrown

without looking
towards the
receiver

Overhead pass A pass trown from

over the head.
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rebound
get control of a
ball that has come
off the rim or
backboard after a
failed shot
attempt

referee officials who call

violations and
fouls, give
penalties, signal
field goals, and
stop and start
play

shot To throw the ball

in an attempt to
score a goal

Slum dunk a high jump shot

in which the ball
is thrust down
through the hoop
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a foul called
Technical foul against a player
or coach for
unsportsmanlike
conduct such as
arguing with a
referee

Three-point line In europe ,the

three point line
is 6,25 m from the
basket.

time-out clock stoppage

requested by a
coach for a short
meeting with the
players

Travelling the violation of

moving with the
ball without
dribbling
correctly
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turnover a player loses the

ball to a member
of the other team
without taking a
sho
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2.4 Basic basketball rules

The 10 ":
it is the time that has one team to pass to the opponent
court.

Backcourt
the team with possession of the ball once has crossed the
midfield, it can not return the ball back to his field.

The 24 ":

it is the maximum time to attemp to shot to the opponent

basket.

The score:
You score by throwing the ball in the hoop. depending on
where you are when you shoot the ball. at the circled
line is a three point. the straight line before the three
point line is the foul shot line, which is one point, but
only one point when the umpire stops the game and has the
person that got fouled stand on the line to shoot. inside
the circled line is two points.

The 3 ":

No player of the attacking team can not be more than 3 in

the key area.

The 5 ":
A player can not be more than 5 seconds with the ball in
his hands without passing it, make it bounce or throw it.

5 personal fouls:
If a player commits five personal fouls he must leave the
basket court.
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3.BASKETBALL POSITIONS.

1.point guard
The point guard, also known as the "1", is typically the
team's best ball handler and passer

2.shooting guard.
The shooting guard, also known as the "2", is usually the
team's best shooter, and typically is able to
consistently hit long range shots

3.small forward.
The small forward, also known as the "3", is typically
somewhat shorter, quicker and leaner than power forwards
and centers. The small forward position is considered to
be perhaps the most versatile of the main five basketball
positions.

4.power forward.

Also known as the "4" position and abbreviated as "PF",

the power forward plays a role similar to that of the center,
down in the "post" or "low blocks". On offense, they can
"post up", (playing with their backs to the basket), or
set up for mid-range jump shots. On defense, they play
under the basket in a zone defense or against the
opposing power forward in man-to-man defense
They are tall and strong players.
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5.Center.

The center, also referred to as the "5" or the "pivot",

usually plays near the baseline, close to the basket .
The center usually scores "down low, in the paint" (near
the basket, in the key) paint" (near the basket, in the
key), but some can be good perimeter shooters, which can
draw a good rebounding and skill to score close to the
basket, as well as gathering rebounds, contesting shots
and setting screens on plays.

4.- ELEMENTARY TECHNICAL BACKGROUND.

The technique consists of the specific gesture to the

sport and can be classified in many ways, for example:
Technical gestures of attack (jumping, dribbling,
passing, throwing,and driving)
technical gestures and defense (defensive positions,
guarding,turnovers,rebounds...)

5.- BASIC BASKETBALL TACTICS.

Man to man.
This tactic is one that is very important to know because
it is the epitome of team playing. In this tactic, one
team member is assigned to follow the movements of
another player and “defends” this teammate from players
of the opposing team—like a guard.

zone defense.
Instead of a player being assigned a person to guard,
they are assigned a “zone”. A zone is characterized by a
specific area of the floor. When an offensive player
steps into one’s zone, the man defending that zone must
guard the player until he enters another’s zone.
A term you might hear thrown around a lot is “1-3-1”.
This is a tactic in which one player stands out to the
front to defend the three-point line. Three more players,
which are most often the shooting guard, power forward,
and small forward, space out from the free-throw line.
The last player then positions himself to guard the
basket.
Another tactic you might find handy to remember is the
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“1-2-2”. In this set up, one player stands out in front

of the three-point line. Two more players are positioned
to guard the free-throw line, and the two remaining
players position themselves to guard the basket.