History (from Greek ἱστορία - historia, meaning "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation") is the

study of the human past. History can also mean the period of time after writing was invented. Scholars
who write about history are called historians. It is a field of research which uses a narrative to examine
and analyse the sequence of events, and it sometimes attempts to investigate objectively the patterns of
cause and effect that determine events. Historians debate the nature of history and its usefulness. This
includes discussing the study of the discipline as an end in itself and as a way of providing
"perspective" on the problems of the present.The stories common to a particular culture, but not
supported by external sources (such as the legends surrounding King Arthur) are usually classified as
cultural heritage rather than the "disinterested investigation" needed by the discipline of history.Events
of the past prior to written record are considered prehistory.

Geography (from Greek γεωγραφία - geographia, lit. "earth describe-write"[1]) is the science that
deals with the study of the Earth and its lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena.[2] A literal
translation would be "to describe or write about the Earth". The first person to use the word
"geography" was Eratosthenes (276-194 B.C.). Four historical traditions in geographical research are
the spatial analysis of natural and human phenomena (geography as a study of distribution), area
studies (places and regions), study of man-land relationship, and research in earth sciences.[3]
Nonetheless, modern geography is an all-encompassing discipline that foremost seeks to understand the
Earth and all of its human and natural complexities—not merely where objects are, but how they have
changed and come to be. Geography has been called 'the world discipline'.[4] As "the bridge between
the human and physical sciences," geography is divided into two main branches—human geography
and physical geography.

Archaeology, or archeology (from Greek ἀρχαιολογία, archaiologia – ἀρχαῖος, arkhaīos, "ancient";

and -λογία, -logiā, "-logy"), is the study of past human societies, primarily through the recovery and
analysis of the material culture and environmental data which they have left behind, which includes
artifacts, architecture, biofacts and cultural landscapes. Because archaeology employs a wide range of
different procedures, it can be considered to be both a science and a humanity,[1] and in the United
States it is thought of as a branch of anthropology,[2] although in Europe it is viewed as a separate
discipline.
Archaeology studies human history from the development of the first stone tools in eastern Africa 3.4
million years ago up until recent decades.[3] It is of most importance for learning about prehistoric
societies, when there are no written records for historians to study, and which makes up over 99% of
total human history, from the Palaeolithic until the advent of literacy in any given society.[1]
Archaeology has various different goals, which range from studying human evolution to cultural
evolution and understanding culture history.[4]

Geology (from the Greek γῆ, gê, "earth" and λόγος, logos, "study") is the science and study of the solid
Earth and the processes by which it is shaped and changed. Geology provides primary evidence for
plate tectonics, the history of life and evolution, and past climates. In modern times, geology is
commercially important for mineral and hydrocarbon exploration, is publicly important for predicting
and understanding natural hazards, plays an essential role in geotechnical engineering, and is a major
academic discipline.

Regions

• Ilocos Region (Region I)

he economy in Pangasinan is driven by agro-industrial businesses , such as milkfish (bangus)
cultivation and processing, livestock raising, fish paste processing (bagoong), and others. At the same
time the importance of trading, financial services, and educational services in the economy cannot be
denied. Income in the Ilocos provinces or northern portion mostly come from cultivating rice, tobacco,
corn, sugarcane, and fruits; raising livestock such as pigs, chicken, goats, and carabaos (water
buffalos).

Tourist attractions
[edit] Ilocos Norte

Paoay Church, Ilocos Norte, Philippines

• Marcos Museum
• Batac Parish
• San Nicolas Church
• Sinking Belltower, Laoag City
• Paoay Lake
• Fort Ilocandia Hotel
• Paoay Golf Course
• Paoay Church
• Laoag Cathedral
• Aglipay Shrine
• Malacanang Of The North
• Patapat Bridge
• Gilbert Bridge
• Ilocos Norte Capitol
• Cape Bojeador Lighthouse
• Bangui Windmills
• Ilocos Norte Museum
• Juan Luna Shrine
• Ricarte Park and Shrine
• Badoc Church
• Sarrat Church
• Dap-ayan, Laoag, Ilocos Norte Food Court and Ilocos Norte Products
• La Paz Sandunes, Laoag, Ilocos Norte Fine Sandunes
• Nueva Era

[edit] Ilocos Sur

• Vigan Spanish House

• Sinait Church
• Ilocos Sur Capitol
• Santa Maria Church
• Pinsal Falls
• Bell tower of Bantay Ilocos Sur

[edit] La Union

• La Union Capitol
• Pindangan Ruins
• La Union Botanical Garden
• Wallace Air Station
• Thunderbird Resort and Casino
• La Union Surfing Capital (San Juan)
• Bauang Beach
• Poro Point (sea port)

[edit] Pangasinan

• Hundred Islands
• Pangasinan Capitol
• The Shrine of Our Lady of Manaoag
• San Carlos City Plaza
• San Juan River in San Carlos City
• Bonuan Blue Beach in Dagupan City
• Antong Falls
• Cacupangan Cave
• Mount Balungao
• Manleluag Spring National Park
 • Sanctuario de Senor Divino Tesoro
• Salasa Church
• Lingayen Gulf War Museum
• Bolinao Museum
• Oceanographic Marine Laboratory
• Red Arrow Marker of the WWII 32nd US Infantry Division
• Rock Garden Resort
• Umbrella Rocks
• Urduja House
• St. John Cathedral Garden
• Caves in Bolinao
• Boat ride in Pantal River
• Provincial Capitol
• Narciso Ramos Sports and Civic Center
• Hundred Islands Marine Sanctuary
• Tondol Beach
• Tambobong White Beach
• Blue Beach
• Pergola Plaza in Pozorrubio, Pangasinan

• Cagayan Valley (Region II)

Tilapia capital
Mineral Resources:
Copper, manganese, sulphur, lead, and limestone
Iron ore, phosphate rocks, china clay, and manganese
Gold, silver, copper, zinc, cadium, and iron ore
Copper ore and manganese
Manganese, gold, silver, copper, lead, pyrite, iron, feldspar and white clay.

Forest Resources: Timber

Timber, almaciga, rattan, buho and nipa

Tourist Attractions: White Beach Resort in Basco

Punta Lakay-Lakay (Old Man) and Baket-Baket (Old Woman), Callao Cave, Dos Hermanas Islands,
Aparri Beach, and the Sta. Maria Bell in Camaliniugan (reputedly the oldest church bell in the
Philippines.)
The center is only five kilometers from Tuguegarao City. This is a general museum and houses an
extensive collection of artifacts, antiques, ethnographics, trade wares, heirloom pieces and liturgical
works of the province, and fossils of animals that once roamed the valley.
The famous Banaue Rice Terraces, and the tribal villages

.Sabtang Island
.Itbayat Island
.Itbayat Island
.Mount Iraya
.Di-atay Beach
.Songsong (Chadpidan Bay)
.White Beach Located in Vatang, Hapnit, and Mavatuy Point at Mahatao
Dalton Pass, the Santa Fe mountain road, the Salinas Salt Spring and Ecotourism Adventure
.Dalton Pass
.Kirang Pass
.Mt. Pulag National Park (Kayapa & Ambaguio)
.Mt. Palali
.Capisaan Cave System
.Heaven Cave (Brgy. Capisaan, Kasibu)
.Imugan Waterfalls (Sta. Fe, Nueva Vizcaya)
Palpallatoc Resort, Tumauini Church, Magat River Irrigation Dam, Siffu Irrigation System, San Pablo
Spanish Church, and the Naguilian Bridge.
Sleeping Beauty Mountain", Kabunian Mountain, natural caves of Luna, Balbalan and Lubuagan, and
the legendary spring of Galdang in Pasil town.

.(2) Ancient Spanish Churches at Pudtol

.unpolluted of Apayao and its waterfalls
.Agora and Anag-Sicapo Wildlife Sanctuaries
.Maton Underground River
.Dibagat River in Apayao

Forest Resources: Narra, lauan, tanguile, mayapis. Benguet pine, rattan and almaciga
timber and non-timber resources. Timber resources are either dipterocarp, pine, molave type and other
species while non-timber resources includes rattan, bamboo, erect palm, ferns, orchids, vines and other
species that thrive in association with the forest trees.

Principal Products/Crops: Rice, Corn, Coffee and Coconut

 • Central Luzon (Region III)
Principal products/crops: Rice, corn, sugarcane, rootcrops, banana, caimito, and vegetables.

Industries: Rice farming and fishing

Mineral Resources: Iron ore and pyrite cinders

Forest Resources: Hardwood and timber

Tourist Attractions: Dambana ng Kagitingan, Camaya Point, Pulong Bato Resort, Montemar Beach
Resort, Villa Carmen, and the Philippine-Japanese Friendship Tower.

• CALABARZON (Region IV-A)

• MIMAROPA (Region IV-B)

• Bicol Region (Region V)

• Western Visayas (Region VI)

• Central Visayas (Region VII)

• Eastern Visayas (Region VIII)

Mineral Resources: Magnetite iron, sand rock asphalt, manganese and iron

Forest Resources: Hardwood

Tourist Attractions: Palo Beach where Mac Arthur 1/2 Liberation forces landed, White Beach,
Tacloban Amusement Park, Marcos Bridge (San Juanico), and the old and elegant cathedrals in Palo
and Tacloban.

Mineral Resources: Iron Ore and Magnetic Iron Sand

Forest Resources: Hardwood

Tourist Attractions: Limasawa Island, the sites of the first blood compact and the first mass in the
Philippines, the Canturing and Ibarra beach resorts and Ginsuhotan Falls.

Mineral Resources: Gold, Silver and Copper

Forest Resources: Rattan, resin, bamboo, tanbark, dyebark, charcoal and firewood

Tourist Attractions: The caves of Basey, the Blanca Aurora Falls in Gandara, and the Sohotan
National Park in Basey. Mineral Resources: Iron, copper, zinc, manganese, and limestone

Forest Resources: Charcoal, rattan, firewood, bamboo, tanbark, and dyebark

Tourist Attractions: The Bagacay Mines which is one of the richest mineral mines in the country, and
Homonhon Island where Ferdinand Magellan first landed.

Mineral Resources: None

Forest Resources: Firewood, charcoal, rattan, bamboo, dyebark, and tanbark

Tourist Attractions: Spanish churches in Catubig, old massive rocks and caves between Palapag and
Gamay, and the historic stone towers in Capul and Palapag.

• Zamboanga Peninsula (Region IX)

• Northern Mindanao (Region X)

• Davao Region (Region XI)

• Soccsksargen (Region XII)

• Caraga (Region XIII)

 • Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM)

• Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)

• National Capital Region (NCR; Metro Manila)

Region I (Ilocos Region)

Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, La Union, Pangasinan

Region II (Cagayan Valley)

Batanes, Cagayan, Isabela, Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino
Region III (Central Luzon)
Aurora, Bataan, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Tarlac, Zambales
Region IV (Southern Tagalog)
IV-A (Calabarzon) – Batangas, Cavite, Laguna, Quezon, Rizal
IV-B (Mimaropa) – Marinduque, Occidental Mindoro, Oriental Mindoro, Palawan, Romblon
Region V (Bicol Region)
Albay, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Catanduanes, Masbate, Sorsogon
Region VI (Western Visayas)
Aklan, Antique, Capiz, Guimaras, Iloilo, Negros Occidental
Region VII (Central Visayas)
Bohol, Cebu, Negros Oriental, Siquijor
Region VIII (Eastern Visayas)
Biliran, Eastern Samar, Leyte, Northern Samar, Western Samar, Southern Samar
Region IX (Zamboanga Peninsula)
Zamboanga Del Norte, Zamboanga Del Sur, Zamboanga Sibugay
Region X (Northern Mindanao)
Bukidnon, Camiguin, Lanao Del Norte, Misamis Occidental, Misamis Oriental
Region XI (Davao Region)
Compostela Valley, Davao Del Norte, Davao Del Sur, Davao Oriental
Region XII (Socsargen)
North Cotabato, Sarangani, South Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat
Region XIII (Caraga)
Agusan Del Norte, Agusan Del Sur, Surigao Del Norte, Surigao Del Sur
National Capital Region (NCR)
Caloocan, Las Pinas, Makati, Malabon, Mandaluyong, Manila, Marikina, Muntinlupa, Navotas, Pasay,
Pasig, Pateros, Paranaque, Quezon, San Juan, Taguig, Valenzuela
ARMM (Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao)
Basilan, Lanao Del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi
CAR (Cordillera Administrative Region)
Abra, Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, Mountain Province