AC Bridge 4.

The similar-angle bridge as shown below is balanced with the

following conditions: 𝑍1 = 2000Ω ∠ 0; 𝑍2 = 15000Ω ∠ 0; 𝑍3 =
1. Using the balanced AC bridge as shown below, find the constant of
1000Ω ∠ − 50. Find the constant Rx and Cx.
Zx as R and C or L considered as series circuit.

2. Using the balanced ac bridge as shown below with the following

condition, 𝑍1 = 100Ω ∠ 0; 𝑍2 = 300Ω ∠ − 40 ; 𝑍3 = 100Ω ∠ − 20 5. Given the Maxwell bridge as shown below, find the equivalent-
; find the constant of Zx. series resistance and inductance of Rx and Lx, at balance.

3. Given the similar-angle bridge as shown below, find the equivalent-

series values of Rx and Cx at balance. 6. The Maxwell bridge as shown below is balanced with the following
conditions: : 𝑍1 = 153.8Ω ∠ − 75; 𝑍2 = 100Ω ∠ 0; 𝑍3 =
1000Ω ∠0. Find the constant Rx and Lx.
7. The opposite-angle bridge as shown below, find the equivalent
series resistance and inductance (Rx and Lx) at balance

11. Refer to the balanced radio-frequency bridge as shown below

8. The opposite-angle bridge as shown below is balanced when 𝑍1 =
1500Ω ∠ − 50; 𝑅2 = 200Ω ∠ 0; 𝑅3 = 200Ω ∠0. Find the constant
Rx and Lx.
9. Given the Wein bridge as shown below, find the series-equivalent
resistance and capacitance of R4 and C4 at balance, when Z3 equals
7790∠ − 72.8
having the Zx terminals short-circuited. When the unknown
impedance is inserted across the Zx terminals and the bridge is
rebalanced, capacitor C’1 now equals 1.1 µF. find the unknown
equivalent series constant of Rx and Lx or Cx.

12. The radio-frequency shown below is balanced and Zx is shorted

10. In the Wein bridge as shown below, find the constant of the parallel
arms of R3 and C3 for the following conditions: 𝑍1 = 100000Ω ∠0;
𝑅2 = 25000Ω ∠ 0; 𝑅3 = 1050Ω ∠ − 17.7
with the following result conditions: 𝑍1 = (120 − 𝑗159)Ω; 𝑍2 =
−𝑗1592Ω; 𝑍3 = 10Ω; 𝑍4 = (100 − 𝑗132.6)Ω. the unknown
impedance is connected across across the Zx terminals and the
bridge is rebalanced with the following conditions: 𝑍1 =
(120 − 𝑗144.7)Ω; 𝑍2 = −𝑗1592Ω; 𝑍3 = 10Ω; 𝑍4 = (100 −
𝑗144.7)Ω. find the equivalent-series elements for the unknown
impedance.
 15. A simple capacitance bridge, as shown below, uses a 0.1 µF
standard capacitor and two standard resistors each of which is
adjustable from 1 kΩ to 200 kΩ. Determine the minimum and
maximum capacitance values that can be measured on the bridge.

13. The Schering bridge as shown below is operated at balance. Find the
equivalent-series resistance and capacitance of Rx and Cx.

16. A. A series-resistance capacitance bridge as shown below, has a 1

kHz supply frequency. The bridge components at balance are C1 =
0.1 µF, R1 = 109.5 Ω, R3 = 1 kΩ, and R4 = 2.1 kΩ. calculate the
resistive and capacitive components of the measured capacitor, and
determine the capacitor dissipation factor.

14. The balanced Schering bridge below has the following conditions:
𝑍1 = (2588.2 − 𝑗9659.3)Ω; 𝑍2 = 10000Ω; 𝑍3 = −𝑗159000Ω; Find
the constant of Rx and Cx.

B. Calculate the parallel equivalent circuit components (Cp and Rp)

for the measured capacitor. Also determine the value of R1 and R4
required to balance Cp and Rp when the bridge is operated as a
parallel-resistance capacitor bridge. Assume that R3 remains 1 kΩ.
 19. An inductor with a marked value of 100 mH and a Q of 21 at 1 kHz is
17. A parallel-resistance capacitance bridge shown below uses 0.1 µF to be measured on a Maxwell bridge. The bridge uses a 0.1 µF
capacitor C1, and the supply frequency is 1 kHz. At balance, R1 = standard capacitor and a 1 kΩ standard resistor for R1. Calculate the
547 Ω, R3 = 1 kΩ, and R4 = 666 Ω. Determine the parallel RC resistance values of R3 and R4 at which balance is likely to be
components of the measured capacitor, and calculate the capacitor achieved.
dissipation factor.

20. A Maxwell bridge with a 10 kHz supply has a 0.1 µF standard

18. An inductance comparison bridge has L1 = 100 µH and R4 = 10 kΩ.
capacitor and a 100 Ω standard resistor for R1. Resistor R3 and R4
when measuring an unknown inductance, null is detected with R1 =
can each be adjusted from 100 Ω to 1 kΩ. calculate the range of
37.1 Ω and R3 = 27.93 kΩ. the supply frequency is 1 MHz. calculate
inductances and Q factors that can be measured on the bridge.
the measured inductance and its resistive component. Also,
21. A. A hay bridge with a 500 Hz supply frequency has C3 = 0.5 µF and
determine the Q factor of the inductor.
R4 = 900 Ω. If balance is achieved when R1 = 466 Ω and R3 = 46.1 Ω,
calculate the inductance, resistance, and Q factor of the measured
inductor.
 B. calculate the series equivalent circuit components LX and RX for 0.5 µF, Arm BC having resistance value of 300 Ω, Arm AB having
the Lp and Rp quantities. Also determine the resistance R1 and R3 resistance and inductance in series. Determine the value of the
required to balance LX and RX, when the circuit components are unknown inductance.
connected as a Maxwell bridge. Assume that R4 and C3 remain 900 Ω 28. A Owen’s bridge consist of the following: Arm AB having capacitor
and 0.5 µF, respectively. of 0.5 µF, Arm BC having resistance value of 600 Ω, Arm AD having
resistance value of 300 Ω in series with a capacitor 0.75 µF, Arm BD
22. A balance AC bridge has the following constants. Arm AB ( R = 1kΩ having resistance and inductance is series. Determine the value of
in parallel with C = 0.047 µF ), Arm BC ( R= 2kΩ in series with C = the unknown resistance and unknown inductance.
0.047 µF ) Arm CD ( unknown) Arm DA ( C = 0.25 µF). the frequency 29. A De Sauty bridge consists of the following: Arm AB having a
of the oscillator is 1 kHz. Determine the constant of arm CD. resistance of 1 kΩ, Arm BC having a capacitor value of 0.75 µF, Arm
23. A bridge is balanced at a frequency of 1 kHz and has the following AD having resistance value of 300 Ω, Arm BD having unknown
components. Arm AB (C = 0.02 µF pure capacitor ), Arm BC ( R= capacitor. Determine the value of the unknown capacitor.
500Ω pure resistance ) Arm CD ( unknown) Arm DA ( R = 600Ω in
parallel with C = 0.1 µF). Derive the balance condition and find the
constant of arm CD, considered as series circuit.
24. A 1000 Hz bridge has the following constants Arm AB ( R = 1kΩ in
parallel with C = 0.025 µF ), Arm BC ( R= 1kΩ in series with C = 0.25
µF ) Arm CD ( L = 50 mH in series with R = 200 Ω ) Arm DA ( unknown
). Find the constant of arm DA to balance the bridge. Express the
result as pure R in series with a pure C or L, and as a pure R in
parallel with pure C or L.
25. An ac bridge has the following constants. Arm AB ( C = 0.2 µF pure
capacitor ), Arm BC ( R= 500Ω pure resistance ) Arm CD ( a series
combination of R = 50 Ω and L = 0.1 H ) Arm DA ( C = 0.5 µF in series
with a resistance RS.) if ω = 2000 rad / s.
a. Find RS to obtain bridge balance.
b. Can complete balance be obtained by adjustment of RS? If
not, specify the position and value of an adjustable
resistance to complete the balance.
26. A Maxwell – Wein bridge consists of the following: Arm AB having
resistance value of 1.2 kΩ in parallel with a capacitor of 1 µF, Arm
BC having resistance value of 500 Ω, Arm AD having resistance value
of 300 Ω, Arm BD having resistance and inductance in series.
Determine the value of the unknown inductance.
27. An Anderson’s bridge consists of the following: Arm AD having
resistance value of 500 Ω, Arm CD having a resistance of 1000 Ω,
Arm ED having a resistance of 600 Ω, Arm EC having a capacitor of