Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Speech Format
- 1st Proposition (PM) - Team line (speaker roles), Model,
Definitions/context, Case Division (argument titles), two arguments
presented.
- 1st Opposition (LO)- Stance (what is your position), Challenging
definitions (only if it’s absolutely necessary), Case, Team line, Premise,
Rebuttals
- 2nd Proposition (DPM)- Rebuttal and rebuilding own case, New argument
and elaboration on previous arguments
- 2nd Opposition (DLO)- Rebuttal and rebuilding own case, dealing with 2nd
Prop’s new argument, Own new argument.
- 3rd Prop and Opp (Whip)- Three questions (highlighting points of clash in
the debate), Present both cases in an organized manner and point out flaws
in the opposing sides debate.
- Reply Speaker Opp and Prop- Thematic analysis of the main arguments
and points of clash, showing that the motion falls to your side, Highlighting
Burden of Proof of both sides showing how your side has proven their
stance.
Speech Timings
1st PROP (PM)
- Context- 30 secs
- Model/definitions/case division/Burden of proof- 1 minute 30 secs
- Principle argument- 2 minutes
- POI- 20 secs
- 2nd argument and 2nd POI- 3 minutes 30 secs
- Closing- 10 secs
1st OPP (LO)
- Context- 20 seconds
- Stance and Case division- 1 minute
- Rebuttal- 2 minutes
- 1st argument- 2 minutes
- POI- 20 secs
- 2nd argument and 2nd POI- 2 minutes 10 secs
- Close- 10 seconds
Burden of Proof
- Thing to prove to win the debate.
- Should encompass all aspects of the debate, without overlapping.
- Rule book for the debate.
- Stand before all arguments.
Example Motion
Argument Generation
- How it has happened?
- Stakeholders
- Time effect
- Problem
- Comparative
- Burdens
- Themes
- What would a reasonable person do?
- Identifying Status Quo
- How is society likely to react?
- Short and long term aspects
`FORMAT
- Starting point 1 (SP1) and SP2 should lead to an end point (EP)
- E.g. THB developing countries should place limits on rural to urban
migration.
- SP1- Overcrowding would decrease: Growth rate decreases if there’s
constant inflow of migrants
- SP2- Predictability would increase: Government can plan better in both
urban and rural regions
- EP- Better quality of life for slum dwellers.
- Layers of analysis- 1) Predictability: - Having a cap causes better
management, No great influx 2) Overcrowding:- Unpredictable migration
causes mismanagement, Health compromised as more people equates to
more disease.
Argumentation
Logos-reasoning
Pathos-emotion
Ethos-credibility
Why is it true?
Why is it important?
Why is it important?
EXAMPLE MOTION
media
REFUTATION-
- Echo Chambers
- Amount of discrimination increased.
- It is not useful.
PROBLEM(Introduction)
- What is your goal- ideal world where the problem wouldn’t be there.
- Mechanism/ Solution:-
Collateral Damage.
BURDEN OF PROOF-
- Efficiency
- Justification
stand.
VALUE STANDS-
STAKEHOLDERS-
- geopolitical
Society-globally.
SOCIAL
POLITICAL
ECONOMICAL
RELIGION
MORAL.
MOTION ANALYSES
- Policy Debates- THW disband NATO (An alternative with same function
needs to be proposed)
- Analytical debates- THBT Facebook has done more harm than good (
LEFT---------------AUTOCRACY----------RIGHT
Communism libertarianism capitalism
socialism
- Atheist- no religion
MANNER/STYLE
- Speed- Speak both slowly and fast throughout the speech. Slow
when you are trying to emphasize on a section of your speech
(something you want the judges/opposing team to clearly
understand. Speak fast when you are giving a lot of information
and detailing, for example in a policy. DON’T speak at the same
pace.
- Volume- Don’t shout and breathe during natural breaks in the
speech. Change volume when emphasis is required and to break
monotony in speech.
- Eye contact- Touch all areas of the audience makes you look
truthful and convincing. Make sure people understand you by
making eye contact and maintaining it. Answer all POI’s looking at
the judges.
- Silencing- Pausing for impact and drawing attention. Do not
overuse it as it again brings monotony and makes you seem under-
confident.
- Body Language- keep a balanced stance, not too tight and stiff
but not loose and sloppy either, do not move around and do not
slouch. Use hand gestures, but in moderation and keep variety in
the gestures you use. Reach out personally in gestures to break the
wall between the audience and the podium making it more
interactive (do not point).
- Tone- Vary it-lower pitch when emphasizing and higher when
providing information (arguments/model). Different emotions for
different parts- adds value to the speech and your teams
case(access sentiments).
- Phrasing- Use apt language that creates an impact. E.g. Baby vs
foetus, undocumented workers vs illegal aliens , inheritance tax vs
death tax. Use phrasing to your sides advantage to create the
desired impact on audience. Avoid ‘the gays’ or ‘poor’ kind of
words as they give a wrong impression. Don’t use ‘I’ either
prop/opp/our side/team india.
Facial expressions- Use laughter, smiling, raising eyebrows and check
muscles to get desired emotion or