Flow (veh) Speeds (kmph)

Total Flow Per

TIME
LCV CARS AUTO HCV CARS Auto LCV HCV Min.

12:16 6 53 11 3 51.6 48.4 32.8 36.2 73

12:17 2 43 16 3 48.6 45.4 35.8 37.2 64
12:18 8 55 11 6 44.6 48.4 31.8 33.2 80
12:19 4 49 12 6 47.6 50.4 34.8 30.5 71
12:20 7 53 18 8 50.6 43.4 27.3 29.7 86
12:21 4 60 15 6 35.1 40.9 36.8 31.8 85
12:22 5 52 14 4 42.9 47.4 37.3 35.2 75
12:23 7 46 17 4 46.1 38.9 24.8 33.7 74
12:24 2 43 12 6 41.6 39.4 33.1 27.2 63
12:25 2 38 13 4 38.4 37.4 26.4 28.2 57
12:26 8 41 16 6 26.6 20.9 14.4 10.8 71
12:27 1 45 20 5 33.2 29.4 16.4 18.2 71
12:28 6 40 18 2 23.6 43.9 32.8 34.8 66
12:29 4 40 11 6 27.6 35.4 20.1 33.2 61
12:30 1 51 15 5 30.6 31.8 18.8 29.5 72
12:31 6 44 15 7 34.9 23.9 20.8 26.2 72
12:32 3 47 15 3 66.6 46.9 21.3 9.2 68
12:33 2 52 8 7 44.1 39.4 36.8 30.7 69
12:34 2 40 15 4 31.1 33.4 36.8 26.7 61
12:35 6 51 12 2 43.6 31 32.3 31 71
12:36 3 47 25 6 43 30.4 30.3 35.2 81
12:37 1 57 15 6 31.2 56.4 27.8 30.2 79
12:38 4 37 11 5 27.6 31.4 32.8 27.6 57
12:39 8 34 15 5 35.6 36.6 33.8 28.7 62
12:40 0 58 13 7 33.6 40.9 30.3 35.7 78
12:41 8 35 10 4 38.85 42.4 28.3 31.2 57
12:42 4 52 16 3 18.6 37.4 30.3 35.7 75
12:43 4 41 9 4 38.85 48.4 28.8 25.2 58
12:44 6 54 13 7 39.1 48.4 33.45 33.2 80
12:45 7 64 25 7 35.1 46.65 26.8 26.45 103
12:46 1 60 12 4 41.85 43.4 29.13 32.2 77
12:47 1 33 9 6 38.3 24.4 21.8 18.53 49
12:48 8 36 17 3 31.35 42.15 26.8 22.2 64
12:49 5 46 15 8 35.6 35.4 28.05 33.53 74
12:50 4 52 18 5 47.93 45.4 35.13 32.2 79
12:51 5 47 12 3 45.27 46.8 28.8 38.7 67
12:52 0 58 8 4 37.6 28.65 22.8 28.7 70
12:53 3 26 11 4 38.35 32.4 35.8 27.95 44
12:54 3 34 14 4 31 33.4 30.8 24.49 55
12:55 5 52 8 5 31.6 26.15 23.8 20.2 70
12:56 5 33 8 2 37.6 31.9 26.8 29.2 48
12:57 3 46 12 6 40.6 38.4 35.3 38.2 67
12:58 4 49 13 9 40.6 24.9 26.8 29.87 75
12:59 5 50 13 7 34.27 42.4 30.8 31.2 75
13:00 0 39 12 2 41.89 40.4 33.13 37.2 53
Microsoft Excel 16.0 Answer Report
Worksheet: [Lab 4 Data after Video Analysis.xlsx]sheet4
Report Created: 06-09-2019 15:46:38
Result: Solver found a solution. All Constraints and optimality conditions are satisfied.
Solver Engine
Engine: GRG Nonlinear
Solution Time: Seconds.
Iterations: Subproblems:
Solver Options
Max Time Unlimited, Iterations Unlimited, Precision 0.000001, Use Automatic Scaling
Convergence 0.0001, Population Size 100, Random Seed 0, Derivatives Forward, Require Bounds
Max Subproblems Unlimited, Max Integer Sols Unlimited, Integer Tolerance 1%, Assume NonNegative

Objective Cell (Min)

Cell Name Original Value Final Value
$E$5 761.545045494 761.5450455

Variable Cells
Cell Name Original Value Final Value Integer
Greensheild's model V=Vf(1-K/Kj)
(Erorr)²= (Vm-V)² Greenbergs model V = Vm*ln(kj/k)
35.846 44.760 38.065
37.035 30.214 41.210
34.320 35.201 34.554
36.236 47.291 39.052
32.690 25.776 31.299
32.731 22.241 31.376
35.484 44.098 37.186
33.328 0.760 32.521
36.093 2.500 38.686
35.810 7.392 37.977
24.879 30.355 19.910
28.843 23.660 25.018
33.663 5.271 33.190
32.434 38.082 30.825
29.661 16.719 26.221
29.491 17.556 25.967
34.880 1.301 35.785
35.766 16.903 37.869
35.289 2.831 36.724
34.030 0.627 33.942
31.958 2.860 29.971
32.797 4.785 31.499
34.965 20.508 35.976
35.618 0.104 37.508
32.744 2.736 31.400
36.451 1.031 39.614
29.537 9.648 26.035
36.677 0.092 40.219
34.079 28.367 34.045
28.650 32.924 24.742
33.766 9.922 33.399
35.120 73.334 36.332
34.347 4.270 34.612
32.735 0.015 31.384
34.929 50.599 35.896
35.678 7.265 37.653
31.670 10.216 29.467
38.498 9.926 45.747
35.737 16.373 37.797
30.811 16.019 28.026
36.926 29.512 40.904
35.575 5.758 37.403
31.140 3.092 28.567
 33.513 2.838 32.888
37.668 0.159 43.069

45.500 755.893 23.923

485.277 505.533
(Erorr)²= (Vm-V)² Underwoods model V=Vf*exp(k/km) (Erorr)²= (Vm-V)²
19.990 31.188 128.781
1.747 30.523 144.210
32.470 32.061 67.096
16.492 30.968 147.489
41.829 33.022 22.518
36.859 32.997 19.797
24.393 31.392 115.189
2.817 32.643 2.423
1.023 31.048 43.899
23.871 31.208 3.548
0.293 38.039 348.571
1.079 35.404 130.534
3.322 32.445 1.160
20.819 33.175 47.790
0.422 34.884 86.719
0.443 34.991 93.890
0.056 31.738 18.345
4.034 31.232 74.737
9.720 31.504 4.423
0.773 32.230 6.715
13.533 33.462 0.035
12.143 32.958 4.106
30.692 31.689 1.570
4.897 31.316 15.829
8.988 32.990 1.983
17.463 30.847 21.051
0.156 34.962 72.786
10.489 30.721 39.178
28.728 32.201 51.896
93.045 35.528 1.300
12.372 32.384 20.538
95.559 31.600 25.431
5.439 32.046 0.055
1.509 32.995 0.146
37.780 31.709 106.781
0.519 31.282 50.279
0.986 33.637 26.658
108.165 29.725 31.604
37.287 31.249 0.195
1.480 34.164 54.105
88.561 30.583 0.829
0.327 31.341 44.001
0.663 33.962 20.976
 5.335 32.533 7.101
25.017 30.175 62.278

883.585 26.185 2168.543

588.959
Pipes model V=Vf(1-(k/kj)^n) (Erorr)²= (Vm-V)² Drews model V=Vf(1-(k/kj)^((n+1)/2))
34.605 62.896 35.244
35.076 55.593 35.962
33.899 40.370 34.248
34.767 69.646 35.485
33.015 22.578 33.098
33.039 19.428 33.127
34.448 58.929 35.015
33.377 0.676 33.558
34.709 8.793 35.397
34.590 2.246 35.222
26.860 56.115 26.486
30.387 41.063 30.057
33.559 4.803 33.795
32.864 43.581 32.909
31.010 29.578 30.739
30.884 31.167 30.600
34.172 3.418 34.623
34.571 28.156 35.194
34.361 0.569 34.890
33.752 1.145 34.050
32.575 1.156 32.554
33.077 3.636 33.176
34.212 14.254 34.679
34.507 0.620 35.101
33.047 1.826 33.137
34.853 0.339 35.616
30.918 20.137 30.637
34.941 4.159 35.752
33.777 31.677 34.084
30.235 17.250 29.893
33.614 10.904 33.867
34.284 59.708 34.781
33.912 2.664 34.266
33.042 0.184 33.131
34.195 61.586 34.656
34.533 14.746 35.138
32.393 15.362 32.335
35.560 0.045 36.772
34.559 8.226 35.175
31.828 25.191 31.668
35.035 12.544 35.899
34.488 12.153 35.073
32.049 7.115 31.926
 33.478 2.956 33.689
35.298 7.667 36.323

36.537 916.858 39.133

411.212 454.966
2.123 2.108
(Erorr)²= (Vm-V)²
53.174
43.156
36.059
58.176
21.803
18.657
50.547
0.411
5.182
4.538
50.648
36.938
5.892
44.175
26.705
28.072
1.954
21.935
1.647
0.596
1.201
3.271
17.999
0.038
1.590
0.033
17.695
1.510
28.320
20.207
9.297
67.628
3.944
0.269
54.571
10.465
14.906
2.030
12.145
23.607
19.405
8.418
6.472
 2.275
3.041

840.605
Greensheild's model V=Vf(1-K/Kj)
(Erorr)²= (Vm-V)² Greenbergs(Erorr)²=
model V(V
=Underwood
Vm*ln(k
m
-V)² j
/k)
(Erorr)²= (VPipes
m
-V)²mode
35.846 44.760 38.065 19.990 31.188 128.781 34.605
37.035 30.214 41.210 1.747 30.523 144.210 35.076
34.320 35.201 34.554 32.470 32.061 67.096 33.899
36.236 47.291 39.052 16.492 30.968 147.489 34.767
32.690 25.776 31.299 41.829 33.022 22.518 33.015
32.731 22.241 31.376 36.859 32.997 19.797 33.039
35.484 44.098 37.186 24.393 31.392 115.189 34.448
33.328 0.760 32.521 2.817 32.643 2.423 33.377
36.093 2.500 38.686 1.023 31.048 43.899 34.709
35.810 7.392 37.977 23.871 31.208 3.548 34.590
24.879 30.355 19.910 0.293 38.039 348.571 26.860
28.843 23.660 25.018 1.079 35.404 130.534 30.387
33.663 5.271 33.190 3.322 32.445 1.160 33.559
32.434 38.082 30.825 20.819 33.175 47.790 32.864
29.661 16.719 26.221 0.422 34.884 86.719 31.010
29.491 17.556 25.967 0.443 34.991 93.890 30.884
34.880 1.301 35.785 0.056 31.738 18.345 34.172
35.766 16.903 37.869 4.034 31.232 74.737 34.571
35.289 2.831 36.724 9.720 31.504 4.423 34.361
34.030 0.627 33.942 0.773 32.230 6.715 33.752
31.958 2.860 29.971 13.533 33.462 0.035 32.575
32.797 4.785 31.499 12.143 32.958 4.106 33.077
34.965 20.508 35.976 30.692 31.689 1.570 34.212
35.618 0.104 37.508 4.897 31.316 15.829 34.507
32.744 2.736 31.400 8.988 32.990 1.983 33.047
36.451 1.031 39.614 17.463 30.847 21.051 34.853
29.537 9.648 26.035 0.156 34.962 72.786 30.918
36.677 0.092 40.219 10.489 30.721 39.178 34.941
34.079 28.367 34.045 28.728 32.201 51.896 33.777
28.650 32.924 24.742 93.045 35.528 1.300 30.235
33.766 9.922 33.399 12.372 32.384 20.538 33.614
35.120 73.334 36.332 95.559 31.600 25.431 34.284
34.347 4.270 34.612 5.439 32.046 0.055 33.912
32.735 0.015 31.384 1.509 32.995 0.146 33.042
34.929 50.599 35.896 37.780 31.709 106.781 34.195
35.678 7.265 37.653 0.519 31.282 50.279 34.533
31.670 10.216 29.467 0.986 33.637 26.658 32.393
38.498 9.926 45.747 108.165 29.725 31.604 35.560
35.737 16.373 37.797 37.287 31.249 0.195 34.559
30.811 16.019 28.026 1.480 34.164 54.105 31.828
36.926 29.512 40.904 88.561 30.583 0.829 35.035
35.575 5.758 37.403 0.327 31.341 44.001 34.488
 31.140 3.092 28.567 0.663 33.962 20.976 32.049
33.513 2.838 32.888 5.335 32.533 7.101 33.478
37.668 0.159 43.069 25.017 30.175 62.278 35.298

45.500 755.893 23.923 883.585 26.185 2168.543 36.537

485.277 505.533 588.959 411.212
2.123
(Erorr)²= (VDrews
m
-V)² mode
(Erorr)²= (Vm-V)²
62.896 35.244 53.174
55.593 35.962 43.156
40.370 34.248 36.059
69.646 35.485 58.176
22.578 33.098 21.803
19.428 33.127 18.657
58.929 35.015 50.547
0.676 33.558 0.411
8.793 35.397 5.182
2.246 35.222 4.538
56.115 26.486 50.648
41.063 30.057 36.938
4.803 33.795 5.892
43.581 32.909 44.175
29.578 30.739 26.705
31.167 30.600 28.072
3.418 34.623 1.954
28.156 35.194 21.935
0.569 34.890 1.647
1.145 34.050 0.596
1.156 32.554 1.201
3.636 33.176 3.271
14.254 34.679 17.999
0.620 35.101 0.038
1.826 33.137 1.590
0.339 35.616 0.033
20.137 30.637 17.695
4.159 35.752 1.510
31.677 34.084 28.320
17.250 29.893 20.207
10.904 33.867 9.297
59.708 34.781 67.628
2.664 34.266 3.944
0.184 33.131 0.269
61.586 34.656 54.571
14.746 35.138 10.465
15.362 32.335 14.906
0.045 36.772 2.030
8.226 35.175 12.145
25.191 31.668 23.607
12.544 35.899 19.405
12.153 35.073 8.418
 7.115 31.926 6.472
2.956 33.689 2.275
7.667 36.323 3.041

916.858 39.133 840.605

454.966
2.108
Space mean speed V (kmph) Flow q (veh/hr) Density K (veh/km)
50
42.5358110166 4380 102.9720580216
45
42.5317601281 3840 90.2854711029
40
40.2526672974 4800 119.2467561104
35
43.1125506073 4260 98.8111336489
30

Speed (kmph)
37.7670331609 5160 136.6270942709
25
37.4467230099 5100 136.193492783
42.124938491 4500 106.8250817971 20
34.1991433603 4440 129.8278133235 15
37.673934641 3780 100.3346222267 10
33.0912442396 3420 103.3506016043 5
19.3691694759 4260 219.9371534898 0
20 40 60
23.978956619 4260 177.6557699189
31.3677173204 3960 126.2444429587
26.2624087298 3660 139.3626927998
25.5715739446 4320 168.9375870782
50
25.3012488151 4320 170.7425602415
45
36.0207479034 4080 113.2680534825
40
39.8775171817 4140 103.8178977175
35
33.6065268994 3660 108.9074158408
30

Speed (kmph)
34.8215294136 4260 122.3381072496
33.649696139 4860 144.4292388235 25
34.9841981807 4740 135.4897424123 20
30.4362047797 3420 112.3661778711 15
35.2949104004 3720 105.3976326275 10
34.3977200069 4680 136.0555292344 5
35.4356013951 3420 96.5131073088 0
26.4306214576 4500 170.257063657 1000 2000
36.9806962674 3480 94.103149785
39.4052586312 4800 121.8111533014
34.3880182273 6180 179.7137584127
36.9161671984 4620 125.1484200722
26.5569388802 2940 110.7055302295
32.2802261483 3840 118.9582744047 7000
32.6125598517 4440 136.1438666635
6000
42.0427800925 4740 112.7423065167
38.373266318 4020 104.7604331277 5000
28.473964154 4200 147.5031708714
Flow(veh/hr)

4000
35.3470226917 2640 74.6880443942
31.6904588396 3300 104.1322884186 3000
26.8088622722 4200 156.664611775 2000
31.4937022377 2880 91.4468543032
37.9742891709 4020 105.8610993851 1000
29.3816291562 4500 153.156925917 0
35.1978498796 4500 127.84871847 20 40 60 80
 1000

0
20 40 60 80
38.0668901133 3180 83.5371628871
 50
45
40
35
30
Speed (kmph)

25
20
15
10
5
0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Density (veh/km)

50
45
40
35
30
Speed (kmph)

25
20
15
10
5
0
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000
Flow (veh/hr)

7000

6000

5000
Flow(veh/hr)

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Density (veh/km)
1000

0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Density (veh/km)
Greensheild's model V=Vf(1-K/Kj) (Erorr)²= Greenbergs(Erorr)²= Underwood(Erorr)²= Pipes mode(Erorr)²=
35.85 44.76 38.07 19.99 31.19 128.78 34.61 62.90
37.04 30.21 41.21 1.75 30.52 144.21 35.08 55.59
34.32 35.20 34.55 32.47 32.06 67.10 33.90 40.37
36.24 47.29 39.05 16.49 30.97 147.49 34.77 69.65
32.69 25.78 31.30 41.83 33.02 22.52 33.02 22.58
32.73 22.24 31.38 36.86 33.00 19.80 33.04 19.43
35.48 44.10 37.19 24.39 31.39 115.19 34.45 58.93
33.33 0.76 32.52 2.82 32.64 2.42 33.38 0.68
36.09 2.50 38.69 1.02 31.05 43.90 34.71 8.79
35.81 7.39 37.98 23.87 31.21 3.55 34.59 2.25
24.88 30.36 19.91 0.29 38.04 348.57 26.86 56.12
28.84 23.66 25.02 1.08 35.40 130.53 30.39 41.06
33.66 5.27 33.19 3.32 32.45 1.16 33.56 4.80
32.43 38.08 30.83 20.82 33.18 47.79 32.86 43.58
29.66 16.72 26.22 0.42 34.88 86.72 31.01 29.58
29.49 17.56 25.97 0.44 34.99 93.89 30.88 31.17
34.88 1.30 35.79 0.06 31.74 18.35 34.17 3.42
35.77 16.90 37.87 4.03 31.23 74.74 34.57 28.16
35.29 2.83 36.72 9.72 31.50 4.42 34.36 0.57
34.03 0.63 33.94 0.77 32.23 6.72 33.75 1.15
31.96 2.86 29.97 13.53 33.46 0.04 32.58 1.16
32.80 4.79 31.50 12.14 32.96 4.11 33.08 3.64
34.97 20.51 35.98 30.69 31.69 1.57 34.21 14.25
35.62 0.10 37.51 4.90 31.32 15.83 34.51 0.62
32.74 2.74 31.40 8.99 32.99 1.98 33.05 1.83
36.45 1.03 39.61 17.46 30.85 21.05 34.85 0.34
29.54 9.65 26.04 0.16 34.96 72.79 30.92 20.14
36.68 0.09 40.22 10.49 30.72 39.18 34.94 4.16
34.08 28.37 34.05 28.73 32.20 51.90 33.78 31.68
28.65 32.92 24.74 93.05 35.53 1.30 30.24 17.25
33.77 9.92 33.40 12.37 32.38 20.54 33.61 10.90
35.12 73.33 36.33 95.56 31.60 25.43 34.28 59.71
34.35 4.27 34.61 5.44 32.05 0.06 33.91 2.66
32.74 0.02 31.38 1.51 33.00 0.15 33.04 0.18
34.93 50.60 35.90 37.78 31.71 106.78 34.20 61.59
35.68 7.27 37.65 0.52 31.28 50.28 34.53 14.75
31.67 10.22 29.47 0.99 33.64 26.66 32.39 15.36
38.50 9.93 45.75 108.17 29.73 31.60 35.56 0.05
35.74 16.37 37.80 37.29 31.25 0.20 34.56 8.23
30.81 16.02 28.03 1.48 34.16 54.11 31.83 25.19
36.93 29.51 40.90 88.56 30.58 0.83 35.04 12.54
35.58 5.76 37.40 0.33 31.34 44.00 34.49 12.15
31.14 3.09 28.57 0.66 33.96 20.98 32.05 7.12
33.51 2.84 32.89 5.34 32.53 7.10 33.48 2.96
37.67 0.16 43.07 25.02 30.18 62.28 35.30 7.67
Drews mode(Erorr)²= (Vm-V)²
35.24 53.17
35.96 43.16
34.25 36.06
35.49 58.18
33.10 21.80
33.13 18.66
35.02 50.55
33.56 0.41
35.40 5.18
35.22 4.54
26.49 50.65
30.06 36.94
33.80 5.89
32.91 44.18
30.74 26.71
30.60 28.07
34.62 1.95
35.19 21.94
34.89 1.65
34.05 0.60
32.55 1.20
33.18 3.27
34.68 18.00
35.10 0.04
33.14 1.59
35.62 0.03
30.64 17.70
35.75 1.51
34.08 28.32
29.89 20.21
33.87 9.30
34.78 67.63
34.27 3.94
33.13 0.27
34.66 54.57
35.14 10.47
32.34 14.91
36.77 2.03
35.18 12.15
31.67 23.61
35.90 19.41
35.07 8.42
31.93 6.47
33.69 2.28
36.32 3.04
 Greenshields model Greenbers model Underwoods model Pipes model

Vf 45.5 26.185 36.537

Kj 485.277 505.533 411.212
Parameters Vm 23.923
Km 588.959
m
n 2.123
Drews model

39.133
454.966

1.554

45.500 755.893 23.923 883.585 26.185 2168.543 36.537 916.858 39.133

485.277 505.533 588.959 411.212 454.966
2.123 1.554
840.605