Homework – Chimney

Solve the following problems.

1. What is the height of the chimney if the driving pressure is 30 Pa and the gas and air densities
are 1 kg/m3 and 1.5 kg/ m3 respectively?

2. If the air required for combustion is 20 kg per kg of coal and the boiler uses 3000 kg of coal
per hr, determine the mass of gas entering the chimney. Assume an ash loss of 15%.

3. A 15 kg gas enters a chimney at 10 m/s. If the temp and pressure of a gas are 26° C and 100
KPa respectively, what is the diameter of the chimney? Use R = 0.287 kJ/kg-K.

4. A 39.5 m high chimney of radial brick masonry is described by the following top and bottom
dimensions. D2 = 1.9m, d2 =1.5m, D1 = 3.2 m, d1 =2.3 m. Determine the moment due to wind
load.

5. In a steam power plant, 5 kg of coal is consumed per second and it was later found that 25 kg
of dry flue gas is produced per kg of coal fired. Air enters at 25° C. The average temp of the flue
gas entering the chimney is 350° C and the average temp of the flue gas inside the chimney is
250° C. A theoretical draft of 5 cm of water at the base of the chimney is needed. The gage
fluid specific volume is 0.0025 m 3/kg. If the molecular weight of the gas is 30, calculate the
height of the chimney.
Homework – Cooling Tower

Draw the schematic diagram and solve the following problems.

1. Water at 60oC is cooled in a tower which has an efficiency of 65%. The temperature of the
surrounding air is 32oC, 70% RH. The heat dissipated in the condenser is 3 000 000 kJ/hr. Find
the capacity of the circulating pump to be used in L/s.

2. In a cooling tower water enters at 52oC and leaves at 27oC. Air at 29oC and 47% RH also
enters the cooling tower and leaves at 46oC fully saturated with moisture. It is desired to
determine the following: a. The volume and mass of air necessary to cool 1 kg water. b. The
quantity of water that can be cooled with 142 m3/min of atmospheric air.

3. A mechanical draft cooling tower receives 115 m3/s of atmospheric at 103 kPa, 32oC drybulb
temperature, 55% RH and discharges the air saturated at 36oC. If the tower receives 200 kg/s of
water at 40oC, what will be the exit temperature of the cooled water?

4. A cooling tower receives 10 kg/s of water at 60oC. Air enters the tower at 32oC, 28oC wet-
bulb temperature and leaves at 45oC, 90% RH. The cooling tower efficiency is 60%. Determine:
a. Mass flow rate in kg/s b. Quantity of make-up water required in kg/s

5. In a cooling tower enters at 52oC and leaves at 28oC. Air at 29oC, 50% RH also enters the
cooling tower and leaves at 46oC saturated. It is desired to determine: a. Mass of air to cool
one kg of water in kg b. The quantity of water that can be cooled by 8000 CFM atmospheric air
in kg. Assume one minute operation
Homework – Fans

Solve the following problems.

1. A fan is used to provide the combustion air requirements for a boiler that burns coal at the
rate of 10 metric tons per hour. The air requirements are 100 000 m3/hr. air is being provided
under a total head of 150 mmWG. Find the power input to the motor of efficiency of 97.29% in
kW. Fan mechanical efficiency is 60%.

2. A fan handles 43.33 m3/min of air whose density is 1.169 kg/m3. The static and velocity
heads are 16.38 cm water and 1.22 cm of water respectively. Local g=9.741 m/s2. Find the air
horsepower. 3. A fan operating at 1500 rpm compresses air from 20oC and 101.325 kPa to 85
kPag. The design flow is 60 kW. Determine the mechanical efficiency of the fan.

4. A fan operating at 1200 rpm compresses 500 L/s of air at 18oC and 1 kgf/cm2 gage. What
would be the corresponding speed of the blower in RPM assuming that the diameter of the
blower is constant and the change of density and temperature of the air is neglected?

5. At 101.325 kPa and 21oC, an industrial fan develops a brake power of 100 kW and head of
120 mmWG. What will be the power if this fan is operated at 98 kPa and 32oC at the same
speed?

6. Two forced draft fans parallel with capacity of 73.2m3/s each supplying combustion air to a
stream generator. Air inlet is at 43.33oC, a static pressure of 254 mmWG is developed and the
fan speed is 1200 rpm. Determine the static fan efficiency if fan power input is 257 kW each.
Homework – Feed waters

Solve the following problems.

1. A deaerating heater operates at 26.7 psia (tsat=242.95oF) and receives water at 181.6oF.
Drains from higher-pressure heaters enter in the amount of 168,000 lb/hr at 303.7oF. The
feedwater flow from the heater is 673,000 lb/hr. calculate the steam flow for an enthalpy of
1237.2 Btu/lb.

2. A contact type heater operates at 5.2 psia (h1=131.86 Btu/lb), with water at 81oF and steam
at 1056.2 Btu/lb. Additional water enters at 229.3oF in the amount of 216,800 lb/hr. The total
amount leaving the heater is 1,207,100 lb/hr. Find the amount of steam entering.

3. In an open feedwater heater for a steam power plant, saturated steam at 7 bar is mixed with
subcooled liquid at 7 bar and 26oC just enough steam is supplied to ensure that the mixed
steam leaving the heater will be saturated liquid at 7 bar when the heater efficiency is 90%.
Calculate the mass flow rate of subcooled liquid if the steam flow rate is 0.865 kg/s.

4. A closed feedwater heater, with transmittance of U=350 Btu/hr-ft2-F, uses condensing steam
at 20 psia with tsat=227.96oF for heating 85,000 lb/hr of water from 60oF to 215oF. What is the
transmitting area?

5. A closed feedwater heater has the flowing steam and water entering: 933,600 lb/hr of
feedwater at 155oF, 6,600 lb/hr of steam at 1382 Btu/lb, 25,000 lb/hr of steam at 1152 Btu/lb,
28700 lb/hr of drains (water) at 242.2oF, 93,000 lb/hr of drains at 287.1oF. The feedwater
leaves with a 2oF terminal temperature difference. Find the additional steam required at
1108.2 Btu/lb to do the heating when the heater operates at 16.4 psia.
Homework – Steam Generators

Solve the following problems.

1. Two boilers are operating steadily on 91 000 kg of coal contained in a bunker. One boiler is
producing 1 591 kg of steam per hr at 1.2 factor of evaporation and an efficiency of 65%. The
other boiler produces 1 364 kg of steam per hour at 1.15 factor of evaporation and an efficiency
of 60%. If the HHV of coal is 31 778 kJ/kg find the following? a. The rate at which the fuel in the
bunker is consumed in kg/hr b. How many hours will the coal in the bunker run the boilers?

2. What would be the percentage of the over-all efficiency of a steam generator onbtaining an
evaporation equivalent to 10.95 kg water from and 100oC per kg of coal having 34 064 kJ/kg
heating value?

3. What is the percent rating of a water tube boiler if the heating surface area is 400 m2 and
the developed boiler horsepower is 750?

4. The percent rating of water tube boiler is 200%, factor of evaporation is 1.8 and heating
surface area is 2556 m2. Find the rate of evaporation.

5. A steam boiler on test generates 885 000 lb of steam in a 4 hr period. The average steam
pressure is 400 psia, the average steam temperature is 700oF, and the average temperature of
the feedwater supplied to the boiler is 280oF. If the boiler efficiency for the period is 82.5% and
if the coal has a heating value of 13 850 Btu/lb as fired, find the average amount of coal burned
in short tons per hour. Enthalpy of steam at 400 psia and 700oF is 1362.7 Btu/lb and feedwater
at 280 oF is 249.1 Btu/b.