Experiment 2

PLC programming using Statement List

I. Objectives
- Understand about PLC programming using statement list.
- Understand about sequential work flow to make a sequential program.

II. Scope
A. Theory

Generally, in an industry, the whole production process is a series of

process control of sensors and actuators, which done sequentially. In the
sequential control, there are two kind of signal, conflict signal and no
conflict signals. The conflict signal must be handled carefully to prevent an
unwanted movement. To solve it, we use FLAG in ladder diagram or STEP
in statement list.

In previous experiment, we have known that there are two ways to

create a program for PLC using FST4.10, using Ladder diagram and
Statement list. In this experiment, we will be focus on programming PLC
using Statement list and creating a sequential process control program.

Programming using Statement list is specific, bounded by the type of

PLC we use. We cannot use program that created using Statement list and
burn it to another type of PLC. It is different if we create the program using
Ladder diagram. Ladder diagram programming is more general than
Statement list.

Statement List
Statement list is a programming language using mnemonic
abbreviations of Boolean logic operations. Boolean operations work on
combination of variables that are true or false. A statement is an instruction
or directive for the PLC.

 Basic sets

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 STEP

Used to labeling each set of PLC work. It can be used in a sequential or

a branching programming. Each STEP ended by a unique name. For
example:
STEP con1
(condition/operation)
(condition/operation)

STEP con2
(condition/operation)
(condition/operation)

STEP con3
IF NOP
THEN JMP TO con1

IF – THEN – OTHRW
Used in a conditional operation. If one or more conditions are fulfilled,
then the program will execute an action. Otherwise, if the conditions
are not fulfilled, then the program will execute another action.

Example:
IF I1.0
THEN SET O1.0
OTHRW RESET O1.0

 Condition
AND : to create an AND logic operation between two or more input.
OR : to create an OR logic operation between two or more input.
EXOR : to create an EXOR logic operation between two or more
input.
NOP : No Operation
N : to negate an input

 Action

SET
Set the output logic to 1.
Example:
SET output0

RESET
Set the output logic to 0 ( clear ).
Example:
RESET output0

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 LOAD – TO
Load a value to a register. When loading a value, remember to
include a “v” in front of the value.
Example:
IF I1.0
THEN LOAD V500
TO TP31
The command above is loading a value of 500 (ms) into TP31
register.

JMP TO
Jump from one step to another step.

Statement List window :

Figure 2.1

Function Chart
Apart from the statement list and ladder diagram, there is function chart
which is in the form of logic gates. it is easily recognized in the form of
symbols. but the symbol was slightly different. List of symbols that
recognized in FST 4.10:

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 Table 2.1
Identity A X X A
1

Negation A X X A
1

AND A  X Y X A
Y &

OR A  X Y X A
Y

NAND A  X Y X
&
A
Y

NOR A  X Y X A
Y

B. Devices

 PLC FC 660 : 1 Set

 PLC FC 440 : 1 Set
 Jumper cable and air hose
 Pneumatic panel

III. Reference(s)

1. Ackermann, R., J. Franz, A. Hopf, M. Kantel, B. Plagemann, “Textbook:

Programmable Logic Controllers”, Festo Didactic KG, D-73734 Esslingen,
4th Edition, 1994
2. Ackermann, R., U. Hopf, B. Plagemann, H. Czarnetzki, “Book of
Exercises with Solution: Programmable Logic Controllers”, Festo Didactic
KG, Esslingen, Germany, 1993
3. “User Manual FST 404: Festo Software-Tools Statement List FPC404”
4. “Handbook FST 404: Festo Software-Tools Ladder Diagram for FPC 404”
5. Bunning, Prof. Dr. H. Kleine, D. Curatolo, M. Hoffmann, B. Stein, “Manual:
FluidSIM Pneumatics”, Festo Didactic KG, D-73734 Esslingen, 1996
6. http://www.plcmanual.com/plc-programming

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IV. Instruction of Laboratory

A. Experiment task I
1. Create a program using statement list which utilizing a latching switch
(S3L) and a lamp + buzzer (L4B) to solve these conditional problem :
- If S3L is pressed, then L4B on (L4 on , Buzzer on)
- If S3L is pressed again, then L4B off.
2. Compare the program that you’ve just create using statement list and the
program in the previous experiment.

B. Experiment task II
1. Create a program using statement list which utilizing two switches (S1 &
S2) and two lamps (L1 & L3) to solve these conditional problem :
- If either one of the two switches (S1 or S2) is pressed, then L1 on,
and L3 off.
- If S1 and S2 are pressed, then L1 off and L3 on.
- If neither S1 nor S2 are not pressed, both lamp will be off ( L1 and
L3 ).

C. Experiment task III (Goods lifter)

Figure 2.2
 In this task you will learn how to create a program to control sequential
motion.

 Figure 2.2 is a simulation of a simple goods lifter. At position A, there is

a sensor and a cylinder to push the goods forward. And at position B
there is also a sensor and a cylinder for lifting the goods. If the sensor
detected any goods, the cylinder will push the goods upward .

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  Figure 2.2 configuration :
- Switch S1
- Two double acting cylinder CylA, and CylB
- Two single solenoid valve.
- sensor A1 and A2 on CylA
- sensor B1 and B2 on CylB

 Your task is creating a program using statement list to solve these

conditional problem:

- By default, CylA and CylB must at retracted position.

- Goods are carried to position B by conveyor 1.
- If switch S1 is pressed, CylA at retracted position and goods are
detected by the sensor, then CylB will be extended, pushing goods
from B to position A.
- When the goods raised to position A, CylA will push the goods to
conveyor 2.
- CylA will be retracted after CylB retracted to its default position.
- CylB cannot be operated if the condition explained above is not
fulfilled.
- In this experiment, the goods sensor can be replaced by a switch.

D. Final Reports requirement for minimum grade

You must include these tasks on your final report to get a minimum grade :
1. Explanation about statement list.
2. List the difference between statement list and ladder diagram.
3. List the advantage and disadvantage of using statement list and ladder
diagram.
4. Explanation about how to use statement list.
5. List all the commands available in statement list.
6. Draw a circuit diagram of the system you’ve designed during the
experiment
7. Explanation about sequential program.
8. Explanation about the sensors and actuators used in the experiment and
its function.
9. Draw a circuit diagram and a step diagram for all experiment done in this
lab activity.
10. Draw a circuit diagram that controls a double acting cylinder using a
single valve.
11. Provide statement list of all programs that you have created in the
experiment.

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 12. Draw a step diagram and create a statement list based on these
conditional problems :
- If a switch is pressed, then cylinder B extends.
- If cylinder B is extended, then cylinder A extends.
- If cylinder A is extended, then cylinder B retracts.
- If cylinder B is retracted, then cylinder A retracts.
- If cylinder A is retracted, then the program will loop to the first
step.
13. Analyze and give at least 5 conclusions regarding this experiment.

V. Attachment

Example program:

Two double acting cylinder using single solenoid valve, here is the symbolic
operand for each I/O.

Table 2.2
inp0 Sensor that indicated cyl0 is retracted
inp1 Sensor that indicated cyl0 is extended
inp2 Sensor that indicated cyl1 is retracted
inp3 Sensor that indicated cyl1 is extended
out0 Output for cyl0
0 - retract, 1 - extend
out1 Output for cyl1
0 – retract, 1 - extend

STEP 1
IF inp0 "COND: cyl0 retracted"
THEN SET out1 "OUT: cyl1 forward"
STEP 2
IF inp3 "COND: cyl1 extended"
THEN SET out0 "OUT: cyl0 forward"
STEP 3
IF inp1 "COND: cyl0 extended"
THEN RESET out1 "OUT: cyl1 backward"
STEP 4
IF inp2 "COND: cyl1 retracted"
THEN RESET out0 "OUT: cyl0 backward"
STEP 5
JMP TO 1

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