Chapter 1 5 PDF

MODEL T-137 CURTIS
CHARLATTE AMERICA, INC.

600 MOUNTAIN LANE – P.O. BOX 968
BLUEFIELD, VA 24605
TELEPHONE: (276) 326-1510
FAX: (276) 326-1602
SPARE PARTS FAX: (276) 326-3898
e-mail: charlatteus@charlatteus.com
www.CharlatteAmerica.com
www.MyCharlatte.com
GENERAL REVISION - “N”- 3/17/16

THIS GUIDE IS TO BE USED ONLY WITH THE MODEL T-137. OTHER MODELS IN THIS
SERIES MAY HAVE OPERATING FEATURES UNLIKE THE MODEL T-137.
REVISION LOG
Revision REV. DATE DESCRIPTION
Added General Diagnostics/Solutions to Troubleshooting section for
A 11/6/08 Electrics/AC Controller.
Replaced Curtis vendor manual with the latest revision.

B 12/4/08
Corrected part information for pressure switch. Added new seat information.
C 4/22/09 Added Curtis Handheld Programmer Menu System to Chapter 4.
Added Fault Codes for Charlatte Specific Faults in Chapter 2 Troubleshooting.

D 6/8/09
Corrected hydraulic diagram in Chapter 3. Added both accumulator styles.
E 4/1/13 Corrected hose ends and part numbers.
Added information for Leroy Somer and ABM Traction Motors.
F 4/26/13
 Added new charging plug to Chapter 1 and Chapter 3
 Added park brake switch (limit switch style) removal procedure in
Chapter 2.
G 1/8/14  Added information on Service Mode/Service LOS to Chapter 2.
 Added various parts to Chapter 3.
 Updated electrical settings in Chapter 4.
 Added accumulator description and information to Chapter 1.

H 2/20/14  Added “Setting Power Steering” procedure to Chapter 2.
 Updated speed sensor removal/installation in Chapter 2 to show

procedures for all possible versions of speed sensors.
 Updated speed sensor information in Chapter 3 parts section to show
all possible versions of speed sensors.
I 3/11/14  Updated electrical components in Chapter 3 parts to show all charging
system options.
 Various minor updates.
 Updated Controller Assembly in Chapter 3 Parts to show main wiring

J 4/25/14 harness and other components.
 Updated Heater Assembly in Parts.

 Updated Cab Assembly in Parts.
K 10/23/14
 Updated part numbers for Controller Assembly.
 Updated Chapter 3 Parts to include new master cylinder.

 Updated Chapter 3 Parts to include new front axle.
 Updated Chapter 3 Parts service brakes.
L 5/12/15  Updated tow hitch options in Chapter 3 Parts.
 Various minor updates.
 Updated Chapter 3 Parts to show newest rearview mirror.

M 8/25/15 
 Updated Chapter 2 Section 2.
N 3/17/16  Added Hydraulic Pump/Motor Diagram in Chapter 3 parts.
t
NOTICE
THIS GUIDE IS NOT INTENDED TO BE A COMPLETE OPERATING OR SERVICE
MANUAL OR GUIDE. IT IS PREPARED ON THE BASIS THAT THE INDIVIDUAL
OPERATING THIS UNIT IS TRAINED IN THE OPERATION OF UNITS OF THIS TYPE AND
HAS SPECIAL TRAINING TO OPERATE THIS UNIT. FURTHER, IT IS ASSUMED THAT
THE INDIVIDUAL WILL TAKE NECESSARY PRECAUTIONS TO ENSURE SAFE
OPERATION FOR HIMSELF AND FOR OTHERS.
THE TEXT IN NO WAY COVERS ALL POSSIBLE CONTINGENCIES OR OPERATING

PROCEDURES.
THIS GUIDE IS DESIGNED TO BE OF GENERAL ASSISTANCE. IF PROCEDURES OR

CONDITIONS ARE ENCOUNTERED WHICH ARE NOT INCLUDED IN THIS GUIDE, THE
OPERATOR SHOULD GET EXPERT ASSISTANCE BEFORE ATTEMPTING TO OPERATE
OR REPAIR THE MACHINE. FOR THE CHARLATTE COMPANY SERVICE
DEPARTMENT, CALL (276) 326-1510.
CHARLATTE OF AMERICA, INC. ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE

PERFORMANCE OR OPERATION OF THIS UNIT IF IT IS ALTERED IN ANY MANNER.
NOTICE
SOME ILLUSTRATIONS IN THIS GUIDE MAY SHOW GUARDS OR COVERS REMOVED
FOR THE PURPOSES OF CLARITY. NEVER OPERATE UNIT WITHOUT ALL GUARDS
AND COVERS IN PLACE.
SOME ILLUSTRATIONS IN THIS GUIDE MAY SHOW UNITS WITH OPTIONAL

EQUIPMENT INSTALLED. THIS OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT MAY BE PURCHASED FROM
CHARLATTE OF AMERICA, INC.
SOME ILLUSTRATIONS IN THIS GUIDE MAY BE OF PROTOTYPE MODELS.

PRODUCTION MODELS MAY VARY IN SOME DETAIL.
CONTINUING IMPROVEMENT AND ADVANCEMENT OF PRODUCT DESIGN MAY CAUSE

CHANGES TO YOUR MACHINE WHICH MAY NOT BE INCLUDED IN THIS PUBLICATION.
EACH PUBLICATION IS REVIEWED AND REVISED, AS REQUIRED, TO UPDATE AND
INCLUDE THE CHANGES IN LATER ADDITIONS. CHARLATTE OF AMERICA, INC.
RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MODIFY OR MAKE CHANGES WITHIN A SPECIFIC MODEL
GROUP WITHOUT NOTICE AND WITHOUT INCURRING ANY LIABILITY TO RETROFIT
UNITS PREVIOUSLY SHIPPED FROM THE FACTORY. CONTACT CHARLATTE OF
AMERICA, INC. FOR MAINTENANCE THAT IS NOT COVERED IN THIS PUBLICATION.
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
This guide provides important information to familiarize you with safe operating and
maintenance procedures for the Model T-137. Even though you may be familiar with similar
equipment, you MUST read and understand this guide before attempting to operate or maintain
this unit.
Safety is everyone’s business and must be one of your primary concerns. Knowing the
guidelines covered in the following paragraphs will help provide for your safety, for the safety of
those around you, and for the machine’s proper operation.
LOOK FOR THESE SYMBOLS WHICH POINT OUT ITEMS OF EXTREME IMPORTANCE TO
YOU AND YOUR CO-WORKERS’ SAFETY. READ AND UNDERSTAND THOROUGHLY.
HEED THE WARNING AND FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS.
WARNING
WARNING SAFETY NOTES MUST BE FOLLOWED. YOUR MISTAKE MIGHT RESULT IN
SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH TO YOURSELF OR OTHERS.
CAUTION
CAUTION SAFETY NOTES ARE ALSO VERY IMPORTANT. THEY POINT OUT TO YOU
WHERE YOUR MISTAKES COULD CAUSE PHYSICAL HARM TO YOU OR OTHERS, OR
DAMAGE TO THE MACHINE.
NOTICE
NOTICE IS USED TO NOTIFY PEOPLE OF INSTALLATION, OPERATION, OR
MAINTENANCE INFORMATION WHICH IS IMPORTANT BUT NOT HAZARD-RELATED.
CHARLATTE OF AMERICA, INC. T-137 CURTIS ELECTRIC TRACTOR
ALPHABETICAL INDEX
CHAPTER/SECTION PAGE
AC Controller Display
Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-3
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-17
AC Motor Controller
Adjustment ............................................................................................... 2/2 .................................... 2-8
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-3
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-20
Removal/Installation ................................................................................ 2/3 .................................. 3-41
Troubleshooting ....................................................................................... 2/4 .................................. 4-14
AC Traction Motor
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-3
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-10
Removal/Installation (ABM) ..................................................................... 2/3 .................................. 3-56
Removal/Installation (Leroy Somer) ........................................................ 2/3 .................................. 3-51
Specifications .......................................................................................... 1/1 .................................... 1-1
Accelerator Pedal
Adjustment ............................................................................................... 2/2 .................................... 2-7
Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-1
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-19
Accumulator
Adjustment (Discharging/Recharging) .................................................... 2/2 .................................. 2-10
Adjustment (Setting Power Steering) ...................................................... 2/2 .................................. 2-12
Description ............................................................................................... 1/3 .................................. 3-10
Adjustment Instructions .............................................................................. 2/2
Alphabetical Parts List ................................................................................ 3/4 .................................... 4-1
Axle, Front
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-2
Parts (Complete) ..................................................................................... 3/2 ...................... Figure 3-2-1
Parts (Right Spindle) ............................................................................... 3/2 ...................... Figure 3-2-3
Parts (Left Spindle) .................................................................................. 3/2 ...................... Figure 3-2-4
Specifications .......................................................................................... 1/1 .................................... 1-2
Axle, Rear
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-3
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 ...................... Figure 3-2-8
Specifications .......................................................................................... 1/1 .................................... 1-2
Alphabetical Index
Page 1 of 6
Feb. 14
T-137 CURTIS ELECTRIC TRACTOR CHARLATTE OF AMERICA, INC.
Battery
Charging (Procedure) .............................................................................. 1/3 .................................. 3-20
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-4
Removal/Installation ................................................................................ 2/3 .................................... 3-1
Specifications .......................................................................................... 1/1 .................................... 1-2
Beacon Switch
Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-5
Brake Bleeding ............................................................................................. 2/2 .................................... 2-9
Brake Lights
Adjustment ............................................................................................... 2/2 .................................... 2-4
Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-8
Brakes, Front
Adjustment ............................................................................................... 2/2 .................................... 2-1
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-2
Parts (Calipers) ........................................................................................ 3/2 ...................... Figure 3-2-5
Parts (System) ......................................................................................... 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-11
Specifications .......................................................................................... 1/1 .................................... 1-2
Brake, Parking
Adjustment ............................................................................................... 2/2 .................................... 2-2
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-3
Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-1
Parts (Handle) ......................................................................................... 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-14
Removal/Installation (Park Brake Switch) ............................................... 2/3 .................................. 3-45
Brakes, Rear
Adjustment ............................................................................................... 2/2 .................................... 2-1
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-3
Parts (Drum) ............................................................................................ 3/2 ...................... Figure 3-2-9
Specifications .......................................................................................... 1/1 .................................... 1-2
Cab Assembly
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-4
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-23
Chassis
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-2
Parts (Covers & Guards) ......................................................................... 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-25
Parts (Decal Placement).......................................................................... 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-26
Specifications .......................................................................................... 1/1 .................................... 1-2
Alphabetical Index
Page 2 of 6
Feb. 14
Component Removal/Installation ............................................................... 2/3
Components/Systems ................................................................................. 1/2 .................................... 2-2
Console Adjustment Lever

Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-3
Converter, DC-DC
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-3
Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-8
Description ................................................................................................... 1/2
Dimensions ................................................................................................... 1/1 .................................... 1-1
Direction Control Lever

Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-4
Drawing And Parts List ............................................................................... 3/2 .................................... 2-1
Electrical Controls ....................................................................................... 1/1 .................................... 1-1
Electrical System
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-18
Recommended Settings .......................................................................... 4/1 .................................... 1-1
Specifications .......................................................................................... 1/1 .................................... 1-1
Wiring Diagram (without Cab) ................................................................. 4/1 ...................... Figure 4-1-1
Wiring Diagram (with Cab) ...................................................................... 4/1 ...................... Figure 4-1-2
Emergency Stop Switch

Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-6
Foot Brake Pedal

Adjustment ............................................................................................... 2/2 .................................... 2-1
Adjustment (Foot Brake Switch) .............................................................. 2/2 .................................... 2-4
Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-1
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-12
General Maintenance Instructions ............................................................. 2/1 .................................... 1-1
Headlight/Turn Signal/Horn Combination Lever

Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-7
Heater/Defroster
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-4
Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-5
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-24
Horn Button
Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-2
Alphabetical Index
Page 3 of 6
Feb. 14
Hourmeter
Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-2
Hydraulic System
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-15
Troubleshooting ....................................................................................... 2/4 .................................... 4-2
Inching Device Controls

Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-9
Procedure ................................................................................................ 1/3 .................................. 3-19
Indicator Lights
Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-4
Instruments/Controls ................................................................................... 1/3 .................................... 3-1
Lighting Circuit
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-3
Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-4
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-21
Lubricants, Fluids, And Capacities ............................................................ 2/1 .................................. 1-18
Lubrication Alphabetical Table................................................................... 2/1 .................................. 1-17
Lubrication Chart ......................................................................................... 2/1 .................................. 1-13
Maintenance Checklist ................................................................................ 2/1 .................................... 1-5
Master Switch
Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-2
Numerical Parts List .................................................................................... 3/3 .................................... 3-1
Operating (Safety) ........................................................................................ 1/3 .................................. 3-10
Operation ...................................................................................................... 1/3
Operators Console
Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-2
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-17
Performance ................................................................................................. 1/1 .................................... 1-1
Power Steering
Adjustment ............................................................................................... 2/2 .................................. 2-12
Preparation For Initial Use .......................................................................... 2/1 .................................... 1-3
Preparation For Operation .......................................................................... 1/4 .................................... 4-2
Alphabetical Index
Page 4 of 6
Feb. 14
Preparation For Shipping ............................................................................ 1/4 .................................... 4-1
Pre-Start Inspection ..................................................................................... 1/3 .................................. 3-10
Preventative Maintenance Schedule .......................................................... 2/1 .................................... 1-6
Procedures ................................................................................................... 1/3 .................................. 3-11
Safety............................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................. 3-10
Seat
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-22
Seat Switch
Adjustment ............................................................................................... 2/2 .................................... 2-8
Service Mode/Service LOS

Adjustment/Programming ........................................................................ 2/2 .................................. 2-10
Servicing ....................................................................................................... 2-1.................................... 1-1
Shipping ........................................................................................................ 1/4
Shutdown (Procedure) ................................................................................ 1/3 .................................. 3-16
Specifications ............................................................................................... 1/1
Starting (Procedure) .................................................................................... 1/3 .................................. 3-11
Starting (Safety) ........................................................................................... 1/3 .................................. 3-10
Steering Pump
Adjustment ............................................................................................... 2/2 .................................... 2-7
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-16
Steering Stops
Adjustment ............................................................................................... 2/2 .................................... 2-7
Steering System
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-2
Parts (Tie Rod) ........................................................................................ 3/2 ...................... Figure 3-2-6
Removal/Installation (Steering Linkage).................................................. 2/3 .................................. 3-23
Removal/Installation (Steering Valve) ..................................................... 2/3 .................................. 3-37
Specifications .......................................................................................... 1/1 .................................... 1-2
Troubleshooting (Steering Cylinder)........................................................ 2/4 .................................... 4-9
Stopping (Safety) ......................................................................................... 1/3 .................................. 3-10
Alphabetical Index
Page 5 of 6
Feb. 14
Storage (One Month).................................................................................... 1/5 .................................... 5-1
Storage (Long Term) .................................................................................... 1/5 .................................... 5-2
Suspension, Front
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-2
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 ...................... Figure 3-2-2
Specifications .......................................................................................... 1/1 .................................... 1-2
Suspension, Rear
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-3
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 ...................... Figure 3-2-7
Specifications .......................................................................................... 1/1 .................................... 1-2
Tires/Wheels
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-3
Specifications .......................................................................................... 1-1.................................... 1-3
Toe In Adjustment ........................................................................................ 2/2 .................................... 2-5
Tow Attachment
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-3
Parts ........................................................................................................ 3/2 .................... Figure 3-2-27
Tractor Towing (Procedure) ........................................................................ 1/3 .................................. 3-17
Trailer Towing (Procedure) ......................................................................... 1/3 .................................. 3-18
Trouble Shooting ......................................................................................... 2/4 .................................... 4-1
Turn Signal Light Lever

Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-6
Vendor List ................................................................................................... 3/5 .................................... 5-1
Vendor Manuals ........................................................................................... 5/1
Warranty Information ................................................................................... 3/6 .................................... 6-1
Windshield Wipers
Description ............................................................................................... 1/2 .................................... 2-4
Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-6
Work Lights Switch

Operation ................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................... 3-5
Alphabetical Index
Page 6 of 6
Feb. 14
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL INFORMATION AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. SPECIFICATIONS AND CAPABILITIES ............................ 1-1

A. Dimensions ................................................................................................................................ 1-1
B. Performance .............................................................................................................................. 1-1
C. AC Traction Motor ..................................................................................................................... 1-1
D. Electrical System ...................................................................................................................... 1-1
E. Electrical Controls .................................................................................................................... 1-1
F. Battery ........................................................................................................................................ 1-2
G. Chassis ...................................................................................................................................... 1-2
H. Suspension ................................................................................................................................ 1-2
I. Braking ....................................................................................................................................... 1-2
J. Front Axle .................................................................................................................................. 1-2
K. Steering System ........................................................................................................................ 1-2
L. Rear Axle.................................................................................................................................... 1-2
M. Tire/Wheel .................................................................................................................................. 1-3
II. DESCRIPTION .................................................................... 1-2

A. Description Of Unit ................................................................................................................... 2-1
B. Components/Systems .............................................................................................................. 2-2
1. Chassis ................................................................................................................................ 2-2

2. Front Steer Axle .................................................................................................................. 2-2
3. Front Brakes ....................................................................................................................... 2-2
4. Front Suspension ............................................................................................................... 2-2
5. Steering System ................................................................................................................. 2-2
6. Rear Axle ............................................................................................................................. 2-3
7. Rear Brakes ......................................................................................................................... 2-3
8. Rear Suspension ................................................................................................................ 2-3
9. Parking Brake ..................................................................................................................... 2-3
10. Wheels/Tires ....................................................................................................................... 2-3
11. AC Traction Motor .............................................................................................................. 2-3
12. AC Motor Controller ........................................................................................................... 2-3
13. Converter ............................................................................................................................. 2-3
14. Lighting Circuit ................................................................................................................... 2-3
Chapter 1
Contents
Feb. 14
15. Tow Attachment ................................................................................................................. 2-3

16. Battery ................................................................................................................................. 2-4
17. Cab Assembly ..................................................................................................................... 2-4
18. Heater/Defroster ................................................................................................................. 2-4
19. Wiper .................................................................................................................................... 2-4
III. OPERATION........................................................................ 1-3

A. Instruments/Controls ................................................................................................................ 3-1
1. Footbrake Pedal.................................................................................................................. 3-1
2. Accelerator Pedal ............................................................................................................... 3-1
3. Parking Brake Lever ........................................................................................................... 3-1
4. Master Switch ..................................................................................................................... 3-2
5. Hourmeter ........................................................................................................................... 3-2
6. Horn Button ......................................................................................................................... 3-2
7. Console Adjustment Lever ................................................................................................ 3-3
8. AC Controller Display ........................................................................................................ 3-3
9. Indicator Lights ................................................................................................................... 3-4
10. Headlight Switch................................................................................................................. 3-4
11. Direction Control Lever...................................................................................................... 3-4
12. Heater Switch (Optional).................................................................................................... 3-5
13. Beacon Switch (Optional) .................................................................................................. 3-5
14. Work Lights Switch (Optional) .......................................................................................... 3-5
15. Windshield Wiper/Washer Switch (Optional) .................................................................. 3-6
16. Emergency Stop Switch (Optional) .................................................................................. 3-6
17. Turn Signal Lever (Optional) ............................................................................................. 3-6
18. Turn Signal Light Switch (Optional) ................................................................................. 3-7
19. Headlight/Turn Signal/Horn Combination Lever (Optional) ........................................... 3-7
20. Brakes Lights ...................................................................................................................... 3-8
21. DC-DC Converter ................................................................................................................ 3-8
22. Inching Device Controls .................................................................................................... 3-9
23. Accumulator ...................................................................................................................... 3-10
B. Safety........................................................................................................................................ 3-10
1. Pre-Start Inspection ......................................................................................................... 3-10
2. Starting .............................................................................................................................. 3-10
3. Operating ........................................................................................................................... 3-10
4. Stopping ............................................................................................................................ 3-10
C. Procedures .............................................................................................................................. 3-11

1. Starting .............................................................................................................................. 3-11
1a. Clearing Time Out............................................................................................................. 3-15
1b. Clearing Deadman Message ............................................................................................ 3-15
2. Shutdown .......................................................................................................................... 3-16
3. TractorTowing Procedure................................................................................................ 3-17
4. Trailer Towing Procedure ................................................................................................ 3-18
5. Inching Device Operation ................................................................................................ 3-19
6. Battery Charging .............................................................................................................. 3-20
a. Conventional Charging ................................................................................................ 3-20
b. Conventional Charging – new standard style (as of June 2013) ............................. 3-21
b. Fast Charging – Burton Style Plug ............................................................................. 3-22
c. Fast Charging – Euro Style Plug ................................................................................. 3-23
d. Fast Charging – ETEC Style Plug ............................................................................... 3-24
Chapter 1
Contents
Feb. 14
IV. SHIPPING ............................................................................ 1-4

A. Preparation For Shipping ......................................................................................................... 4-1
B. Preparation For Operation ....................................................................................................... 4-2
V. STORAGE ........................................................................... 1-5

A. One Month Storage ................................................................................................................... 5-1
1. Tires ..................................................................................................................................... 5-1
2. Lubrication .......................................................................................................................... 5-1
3. Battery ................................................................................................................................. 5-1
4. Motor .................................................................................................................................... 5-1
B. Long Term Storage ................................................................................................................... 5-2
1. Tires ..................................................................................................................................... 5-2
2. Lubrication .......................................................................................................................... 5-2
3. Inspection ............................................................................................................................ 5-2
4. Protection ............................................................................................................................ 5-2
5. Motor/Electronics ............................................................................................................... 5-2
6. Battery ................................................................................................................................. 5-2
Chapter 1
Contents
Feb. 14
Chapter 1
Contents
Feb. 14
CHAPTER 1
I. SPECIFICATIONS AND CAPABILITIES
A. Dimensions
Length, without hitch ............................................................... 124.6 inches (3164 mm)
Width, overall .......................................................................... 51.2 inches (1300 mm)
Height, battery w/o cab............................................................ 48.4 inches (1230 mm)
Height, overall with cab ........................................................... 68.5 inches (1740 mm)
Wheelbase .............................................................................. 58.7 inches (1490 mm)
Turning Radius ........................................................................ 117.1 inches (2975 mm)
Ground Clearance ................................................................... 5.9 inches (150 mm)
B. Performance
Weight, with 4935# battery........................................8595 lbs. (3898 kgs.)
Weight, battery ..........................................................4935 lbs. (2238 kgs.)
Weight, without battery..............................................3660 lbs. (1660 kgs.)
Drawbar (maximum) .................................................4000 lbs. (1814 kgs.)
Speed 80 volt
Tractor Only, Level Ground, 90% Charge Min.,
Solid Tires............................................................................................. 18 mph (29 km/h)
C. AC Traction Motor
NOTICE
FOR MORE DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF REAR AXLE/MOTOR, SEE CHAPTER 5.
AC traction type
HP at 1 hour rating............................................................ 30 kw.(approx. 40 HP)
D. Electrical System
Voltage, Drive system ....................................................... 80 volts D.C.
Voltage, Accessories ........................................................ 12 volts D.C.
NOTE 80V system is isolated from the tractor frame. (No Chassis Ground)
E. Electrical Controls
AC Motor Controller .......................................................... Curtis 1238 AC Controller
NOTICE
FOR MORE DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE AC MOTOR CONTROLLER, SEE CHAPTER 5.
Chapter 1
Page 1-1
Mar. 08
F. Battery
Number of Cells ................................................................ 40
Voltage.............................................................................. 80
Type .................................................................................. Lead Acid
Amp Hour Capacity (max) ................................................ 770 (6 hour rating)
Number of Plates .............................................................. NA
Covered ............................................................................ Yes
Width ................................................................................ 40.5 inches (103 cm)
Length............................................................................... 27.5 inches (70 cm)
Height ............................................................................... 31.0 inches (79 cm)
Connector ......................................................................... SBX 350
Weight ........................................................................ 4935 lbs
G. Chassis
Mild steel formed and welded construction.
H. Suspension
Front ........................................................................................ Dual Leaf Springs & Shock Absorbers
Rear......................................................................................... Leaf Springs
I. Braking
Master Cylinder Type .............................................................. Dual (Split,Front/Rear)
Proportioned............................................................................ Yes (Front / Rear)
Front Type ............................................................................... Disc
Size Diameter.......................................................................... 9.5 inch
Disc Thickness ........................................................................ .398 inch (.354 min)
Rear Type................................................................................ Drum
Size Diameter.......................................................................... 10 inch (10.078 max.)
Disc Thickness ........................................................................ Front-¾" Rear-1¼”
Parking Type ........................................................................... Over Center Handle
J. Axle, Front
Type ........................................................................................ Beam
Spindle Support....................................................................... Roller Bearings
K. Steering System
Type ........................................................................................ Power, Hydraulic w/Accumulator System
Operator Control...................................................................... Rotary Valve
Axle Control............................................................................. Double Acting Cylinder
Power Source.......................................................................... 80 V Pump/Motor
L. Axle, Rear
Type ........................................................................................ Rigid,Integral Reducer
Ratio total ................................................................................ 17:1
Chapter 1
Page 1-2
Mar. 08
M. Tire/Wheel
PNEUMATIC
Front Tire Size......................................................................... 6.00 R9 XZR
Wheel Type ............................................................................. 9.0 x 4.0 E (30.5M14)
Number of Lugs....................................................................... 5
Rear Tire Size ......................................................................... 7.00 R12 XZR
Wheel Type ............................................................................. 12.5 x 5.00
Number of Lugs....................................................................... 10
SOLID
Front Tire Size......................................................................... 6.00-9 EL
Wheel Type ............................................................................. 9.0 x 4.0 E (30.5M14)
Number of Lugs....................................................................... 5 - 18 mm socket
Rear Tire Size ......................................................................... 7.00-12 EL
Wheel Type ............................................................................. 12.5 x 5.00
Number of Lugs....................................................................... 10
A WITH HITCH EXTENSION ...................... 129 in ...........3276.6 mm

B WIDTH ..................................................... 52 in .............1321 mm
C HEIGHT W/CAB....................................... 66 in .............1680 mm
D HEIGHT W/O CAB................................... 49 in .............1240 mm
E WHEEL BASE C/L................................... 60.5 in ..........1536.7 mm
OVERALL DIMENSIONS
FIGURE 1-1-1
Chapter 1
Page 1-3
Mar. 08
Chapter 1
Page 1-4
Mar. 08
CHAPTER 1
II. DESCRIPTION
A. Description Of Unit
The tractor incorporates four wheels, two rear driving and two front steering. Power is supplied by
an AC electric motor coupled to the rear drive axle with an industrial battery as an energy source.
The frame, suspension, axles, and brakes are designed for heavy towing operations in confined
spaces.
This tractor uses an 80 (40 cell) volt DC battery.
MODEL T-137 TRACTOR

FIGURE 1-2-1
Chapter 1
Page 2-1
Mar. 08
B. Components/Systems
1. Chassis
The chassis is fabricated of formed steel plates that are then welded in a fixture to assure
parts interchange ability. The entire assembly is then cleaned, primed, and painted.
CHASSIS/FRAME
FIGURE 1-2-2
2. Front Steer Axle
The front steer axle is cast as a solid beam to prevent fabrication joints. To this beam are
attached the spindles, leaf springs, shock absorbers, steering cylinder, and steering bellcrank.
3. Front Brakes
The front brakes are disc type with actuation supplied by ½ of the master cylinder.
4. Front Suspension
Leaf springs and shock absorbers are used to supply ride control and support to the front of
the tractor. These springs are angled to permit wheel clearance in tight turn situations. This
combination produces a good ride, excellent stability, and minimal maintenance.
5. Steering System
This system consists of a hydraulic pump, electric motor, accumulator tank, rotary valve
(attached to the steering wheel), hoses, and a steering cylinder (attached to the front axle and
steering bellcrank). As the steering wheel is turned, pressurized fluid from the accumulator
(which is pressurized by the pump) is metered by the rotary valve in small increments to the
steering cylinder, which then turns the front wheels.
Chapter 1
Page 2-2
Mar. 08
6. Rear Axle
The rear axle is designed for this particular tractor and permits the AC traction motor to be
mounted directly to the gear reduction portion of the differential.
7. Rear Brakes
Self adjusting disc type brakes are used on the rear of the tractor and are operated by 1/2 of
the master cylinder. A parking brake actuator is built into the axle assembly.
8. Rear Suspension
The rear suspension consists of rubber blocks, which are mounted to the rear of the axle by
mounting blocks to maintain the correct mounting location.
9. Parking Brake
To prevent movement when parked and for potential emergency situations, a hand operated
braking system is included in the rear brakes. An over center handle applies the brake
through cables. Included is a switch that prevents the tractor’s operation when the brake is
applied.
10. Wheels/Tires
High capacity wheels and tires are used. The wheels are made in three parts: the main wheel,
the removable bead, and the locking ring. Tube type and solid tires are available on the
tractor.
11. AC Traction Motor
A 40 hp (30 kW) AC traction motor is the driving force of the tractor.
12. AC Motor Controller
The tractor is equipped with an AC motor controller that controls and monitors every aspect of
operation. Speed and direction are under the operator’s control through an accelerator pedal
and a directional lever located on the operator’s control console.
13. Converter
Accessories such as lights, horn, and warning devices require a 12 volt source of power;
therefore, a converter is on board to reduce the main 80 volt power to 12 volts. The 12 volt
circuit is isolated from the frame and has a separate ground wire to each 12 volt component.
14. Lighting Circuit
All lights are controlled from the operator console and use standard 12 volt automotive bulbs.
The complement of lights and related accessories depends on the requirements of the
application.
15. Tow Attachment
Towing attachments of almost any type can be used on either or both ends of the tractor
Chapter 1
Page 2-3
Mar. 08
16. Battery
The tractor's energy source is a 40 cell 80 volt industrial battery. These cells are combined in
a properly coated steel case and then connected in series.
17. Cab Assembly
A cab is available as an option for this tractor. The structure is composed of steel, has a front
windshield, rear window, and other available options.
18. Heater / Defroster
With the cab option a heater / defroster assembly is added. The heater / defroster is powered
by the 80 volt battery.
19. Wiper
A windshield wiper is included with the cab option and is powered by the 12 volt system.
Chapter 1
Page 2-4
Mar. 08
CHAPTER 1
III. OPERATION
A. Instruments/Controls
CONSOLE
CONTROLS ACCELERATOR
PEDAL
PARKING BRAKE
HANDLE
FOOTBRAKE PEDAL
OPERATORS COMPARTMENT
FIGURE 1-3-1
1. Footbrake Pedal
The footbrake pedal is located in the normal automotive position and operates the front and
rear brakes. This operation is carried out through a dual master cylinder and a proportioning
valve that supplies the proper pressure to the front and rear brakes.
NOTICE
A REGENERATIVE BRAKING SYSTEM IS TURNED ON BY RELEASING THE ACCELERATOR. THIS SYSTEM
USES THE GENERATOR PROPERTIES OF THE DRIVE MOTOR TO SLOW THE TRACTOR BY CHARGING
THE BATTERY DURING COASTING OR DOWNHILL OPERATION. ADDITIONAL BREAKING IS OBTAINED BY
PRESSING THE FOOTBRAKE PEDAL.
2. Accelerator Pedal
The accelerator pedal is located in the normal automotive position and controls the tractor
speed. Acceleration is controlled by the AC motor controller. Even if the pedal is depressed
quickly, the acceleration rate is limited by the preset maximum.
3. Parking Brake Lever
The parking brake lever is operated by pulling the handle to apply the brakes. If equipped,
when the parking brake is applied then the appropriate indicator light will light on the console.
NOTICE
THE ADJUSTMENT KNOB IS LOCKED SO THAT ONLY TRAINED PERSONNEL ARE PERMITTED TO MAKE
THE ADJUSTMENTS.
Chapter 1
Page 3-1
Feb. 14
4. Master Switch
The master switch is located to the right of the steering wheel on the side of the operators
console and rotates clockwise for ON and counter-clockwise for OFF. Turning to the ON
position prepares the tractor for operation. When the tractor is on, it will be indicated by the
appropriate indicator light on the console.
MASTER SWITCH
FIGURE 1-3-2
5. Hourmeter
An hourmeter indicator is located below the steering wheel on the operators console. The
hourmeter shows the total number of key hours the unit has been in service.
HOURMETER INDICATOR
FIGURE 1-3-3
6. Horn Button
The horn button is located to the right of the steering wheel on the side of the operators
console near the master switch. To actuate the horn, depress the button and hold in this
position for the desired amount of time and release.
HORN BUTTON
FIGURE 1-3-4
Chapter 1
Page 3-2
Feb. 14
7. Console Adjustment Lever
The console adjustment lever is located to the left of the steering wheel on the side of the
operator’s console. Rotating the lever clockwise a few turns will allow tilt adjustment of the
operator’s console. After the console is in the desired location, rotate the lever
counterclockwise until the lever will not turn anymore. This will lock the console in the tilt
location.
CONSOLE ADJUSTMENT LEVER

FIGURE 1-3-5
8. AC Controller Display
The Controller Display is located above the steering wheel on the operator’s console. The
percentage of battery discharge is continuously displayed by a series of lights at the bottom
of the gauge. A full charged battery will illuminate all 5 lights. As the battery discharges then
the lights will go out as the battery charge drops then the lights will go out to show the
remaining battery power. A red light at the top of the gauge will illuminate to indicate that the
AC controller has a fault. The display panel in the center of the gauge will display hours,
status, speed and any fault codes.
AC CONTROLLER READOUT PANEL

FIGURE 1-3-6
NOTICE
FOR MORE INFORMATION ON THE DISPLAY UNIT AND THE AC CONTROLLER, REFER TO
CHAPTER 5.
Chapter 1
Page 3-3
Feb. 14
9. Indicator Lights
The indicator lights are typically located to the right of the steering wheel on the front of the
operator’s console. The left light will illuminate when the unit is powered on via the master
switch, and will remain illuminated while the unit is on. The light will darken when the unit is
powered off.
INDICATOR LIGHTS
FIGURE 1-3-7
10. Headlight Switch
The headlight switch is typically located to the right of the steering wheel on the front of the
operator’s console. Pressing the right side of the switch down will illuminate the headlights of
the unit, and this will be indicated by the right side of the switch illuminating. Pressing the left
side of the switch down will turn the headlights off.
HEADLIGHT SWITCH
FIGURE 1-3-8
11. Direction Control Lever
The direction control lever is located to the right of the steering wheel on the front of the
operator’s console. Moving the handle toward the front of the tractor from neutral places the
tractor in reverse mode; movement of the handle toward the rear of the tractor places the
tractor in the forward mode.
REVERSE
FORWARD
DIRECTION CONTROL LEVER

FIGURE 1-3-9
Chapter 1
Page 3-4
Feb. 14
12. Heater Switch (Optional)
If equipped, the heater switch is typically located to the left of the steering wheel on the front
of the operator’s console. Pressing the left side of the switch down will begin operation of the
heater and fan. To turn the heater and fan off, press the right side of the switch back down.
NOTICE
THE HEATER WILL TURN OFF IMMEDIATELY, BUT THE FAN WILL CONTINUE TO RUN FOR 1-2
MINUTES BEFORE SHUTTING OFF.
HEATER SWITCH
FIGURE 1-3-10
CAUTION
DO NOT PLUG IN CHARGER WITH HEATER RUNNING OR IN COOL DOWN MODE. DAMAGE TO
UNIT COULD OCCUR.
13. Beacon Switch (Optional)

If equipped, the beacon switch is typically located to the right of the steering wheel on the front of the
operator’s console. Pressing the right side of the switch down will turn on the beacon light. To turn the
beacon light off, press the left side of the switch back down.
BEACON SWITCH
FIGURE 1-3-11
14. Work Lights Switch (Optional)
If equipped, the work lights switch is typically located to the right of the steering wheel on the front of the
operator’s console. Pressing the right side of the switch down will turn on the work lights, if equipped.
To turn the work lights off, press the left side of the switch back down.
WORK LIGHTS SWITCH

FIGURE 1-3-12
Chapter 1
Page 3-5
Feb. 14
15. Windshield Wiper Switch (Optional)
The windshield wiper switch is located on the wiper motor inside the cab of the tractor, above the
operator. To turn the wiper on, press the left side of the switch down. To turn the wiper off, press the
right side of the switch down.
16. Emergency Stop Switch (Optional)
If equipped, the emergency stop switch is located to the right of the steering wheel on the
side of the operator’s console. Pressing the switch will stop operation of the tractor and
remove power to the operator controls. To reset the switch, rotate the button head
counterclockwise until the switch head returns to its original position.
EMERGENCY STOP SWITCH

FIGURE 1-3-13
17. Turn Signal Light Lever (Optional)
If equipped, the turn signal light lever is located to the left of the steering wheel on the side of
the operator’s console. Pushing the lever forward (towards the front of the unit) will operate
the turn signals on the right side of the tractor. Pushing the lever down (towards the rear of
the unit) will operate the turn signals on the left side of the unit. To turn the turn signals off,
return the lever to the middle neutral position.
TURN SIGNAL LEVER

FIGURE 1-3-14
Chapter 1
Page 3-6
Feb. 14
18. Turn Signal Light Switch (Optional)
If equipped, the turn signal light switch is located to the left of the steering wheel on the side
of the operator’s console. Rotating the switch to the right (clockwise) will operate the turn
signals on the right side of the tractor. Rotating the switch to the left (counterclockwise) will
operate the turn signals on the left side of the tractor. While the turn signals are active, this
will be indicated by indicator lights located to the right of the steering wheel. To turn the turn
signals off, return the switch to the middle neutral position.
TURN SIGNAL SWITCH & INDICATOR LIGHT

FIGURE 1-3-15
19. Headlight/Turn Signal Light/Horn Combination Lever (Optional)
If equipped, the headlight/turn signal light/horn combination lever is located to the left of the
steering wheel on the side of the operators console and serves three (3) functions:
a. Headlights – Rotating the end of the lever clockwise (toward the front of the unit) will
operate the headlights and park lights. The first position will turn on the park lights
only. Rotating to the second position will turn on the headlights. To turn off the
headlights and park lights, rotate the end of the lever counterclockwise (towards the
operator) to its original position. In addition, lifting the lever (towards the steering
wheel) will place the headlights in hi-beam. To return to the low-beam press the lever
back down (towards the floor).
b. Turn Signal Lights – Pushing the lever forward (towards the front of the unit) will
operate the turn signals on the right side of the tractor. Pushing the lever down
(towards the rear of the unit) will operate the turn signals on the left side of the unit.
To turn the turn signals off, return the lever to the middle neutral position.
c. Horn – The horn button is located on the end of the lever. To actuate the horn,
depress the button and hold in this position for the desired amount of time and
release.
HEADLIGHT/TURN SIGNAL LIGHT/HORN COMBINATION LEVER

FIGURE 1-3-16
Chapter 1
Page 3-7
Feb. 14
20. Brake Lights
The brake lights are activated automatically by a switch located near the brake pedal
assembly when the brake pedal is depressed.
21. DC-DC Converter
The converter is located behind the battery in the electrical control box. It is totally automatic
and its failure or improper operation will be indicated by the lack of function of the 12 volt
system.
DC-DC CONVERTER
FIGURE 1-3-17
WARNING
IF THE CONVERTER IS MALFUNCTIONING OR OPERATING IMPROPERLY, REMOVE THE UNIT
FROM SERVICE AND NOTIFY A MAINTENANCE TECHNICIAN. ALTHOUGH THE UNIT WILL STILL
OPERATE, SAFETY DEVICES, SUCH AS THE BACK UP ALARM AND THE BRAKE LIGHTS WILL
NOT OPERATE AND MAY CAUSE A HAZARDOUS SITUATION.
NOTICE
THE CONVERTER REDUCES OUTPUT TO ZERO WHEN AN OVERLOAD IS PRESENT. OUTPUT
RETURNS TO NORMAL AFTER THE OVERLOAD IS REMOVED.
Chapter 1
Page 3-8
Feb. 14
22. Inching Device Controls (Optional)
NOTICE
REFER TO PAGE 3-18 FOR MORE DETAILED INSTRUCTIONS ON USING THE INCHING DEVICE
The inching device controls are an option that permits movement of the tractor in forward or
reverse by pressing buttons located at the rear of the tractor. Forward and reverse are
momentary pushbuttons. Emergency stop removes power to the controller. With each push
of the button for forward or reverse, a pulse of power will move the tractor a short distance at
low speed. For additional movement the button must be pushed again. Holding the button
will not cause movement beyond the initial movement.
WARNING
1. THIS OPTION IS ONLY TO BE USED ON LEVEL GROUND.
2. NEVER USE THE OPTION TO MOVE THE TRACTOR FROM LEVEL GROUND TO A SLOPED
AREA.
3. IF THE FRONT WHEEL IS TURNED THE TRACTOR WILL MOVE IN THE SHADED AREA.
STAY CLEAR OF THIS AREA.
4. THE OPERATOR MUST BE SURE THAT NO ONE IS IN THE AREA OF TRAVEL.
5. THE OPERATOR MUST NEVER BE IN THE AREA OF TRAVEL.
INCHING DEVICE CONTROLS

FIGURE 1-3-18
WARNING
THE STOP BUTTON SHUTS OFF POWER TO THE TRACTOR ONLY. THE BRAKES ARE NOT
APPLIED; THEREFORE THE TRACTOR WILL COAST A VERY SHORT DISTANCE.
NOTICE
ROTATE THE STOP SWITCH TO RESET THE SWITCH
Chapter 1
Page 3-9
Feb. 14
23. Accumulator
The accumulator is located underneath the rear deck of the unit, in front of the rear axle. It is
a container that holds both hydraulic fluid and pressurized nitrogen. It is used so the power
steering pump doesn’t run constantly. When pump is running, hydraulic fluid flows into one
end of the accumulator and is stored, ready to be used in the power steering system when
needed. The other end of the accumulator is capped and contains a separate section full of
pressurized nitrogen gas that “pushes” the hydraulic fluid back into the power steering
system when necessary. The accumulator on the unit will be one of two styles: a diaphragm
style or a bladder style. Both styles operate in similar fashions. The diaphragm style uses a
separated section filled with nitrogen which presses a diaphragm against the hydraulic fluid in
the accumulator. The bladder style uses a nitrogen filled section which presses against a
bladder full of hydraulic fluid from the power steering system.
DIAPHRAGM STYLE
BLADDER STYLE
ACCUMULATOR STYLES
FIGURE 1-3-19
Chapter 1
Page 3-10
Feb. 14
B. Safety
This tractor is designed to travel on relatively smooth terrain and to tow freight and baggage to
and from the aircraft. COMPLETE understanding of the operation and use of this unit is required
to maintain a safe environment for the operator and other persons in the work area.
1. Pre-Start Inspection
a. Read this entire guide before attempting to operate this unit. You should be familiar with
the controls and their functions before the unit is energized.
b. Inspect the unit by performing a pre-operational inspection. Have any malfunctioning,
broken or missing parts corrected or replaced before use.
c. Verify that all maintenance has been performed.
d. Verify that all instruction and safety labels are in place and legible. These are as
important as any other equipment on the machine.
e. Clean any foreign material from the unit and operator’s compartment.
f. Check that all covers are closed before operating unit.
2. Starting
a. Do not operate any controls located inside the operator’s compartment from outside the
operator’s compartment to prevent the unit from hitting you or other personnel.
3. Operating
a. Operation and servicing of this unit must be performed by properly trained and authorized
persons only.
b. Always make sure that no person or obstruction is in your line of travel before starting the
unit into motion.
c. Never climb onto, or climb out of the unit while it is in motion.
d. Do not operate the unit with any part of your body outside of the operator’s compartment.
e. Use extreme caution and be observant when maneuvering unit or working in close
quarters or blind travel areas. Slow down and sound horn when operating unit in this type
of area.
f. Never carry passengers to prevent the passengers from being thrown off or crushed
between the unit and outside objects.
g. Always look in all directions before changing your direction of travel.
h. Always follow all safety rules of each particular airline when operating unit.
i If problems or equipment malfunctions are encountered while operating the unit, it must
be properly shutdown and repaired. Continuing to use malfunctioning equipment can not
only be unsafe for the operator and other personnel, but can lead to further damage to
the unit as well.
4. Stopping
a. Always set the parking brake when the unit is not in operation.
b. Consider the size and weight of the unit when allowing for maneuverability and braking.
This situation is magnified in severe weather conditions and on grades.
c. Always park the unit on solid level ground. If this is not possible, chock all four (4) wheels
in both directions.
d. Use proper flags, warnings or barriers when parking in areas of traffic.
Chapter 1
Page 3-11
Feb. 14
C. Procedures
1. Starting
a. For maximum safety observe all safety precautions specified at the beginning of this
section.
b. Enter the operator’s compartment.
WARNING
NEVER TRY TO ADJUST THE OPERATOR’S SEAT WHILE THE UNIT IS IN MOTION.
c. The unit is equipped with an adjustable seat that can be adjusted closer to or farther from
the foot pedals. If adjustment is required:
aa. Lift the seat adjustment lever located on the lower front of the seat and slide the seat
to a comfortable position relative to the foot and hand controls and release the lever.
d. If necessary, adjustment should be made to the tilt of the console.
e. Buckle seat belt, if equipped.
f. Check that the direction control lever is in the “NEUTRAL” position.
NOTICE
THE DRIVE MOTOR WILL NOT ACTIVATE UNLESS THE DIRECTIONAL CONTROL LEVER IS IN
THE “NEUTRAL” POSITION.
g. Check that the handbrake is applied.

h. Rotate the master switch to the “ON” position. When the tractor is turned on, the
Controller Readout Panel will go through the following sequence.
aa. Initial check screen. All items on the display will temporarily be lit.
H-BRAKE
INITIAL CHECK SCREEN WITH HANDBRAKE APPLIED

FIGURE 1-3-20
Chapter 1
Page 3-12
Feb. 14
bb. Press the foot brake pedal and remove the handbrake and a sequence of messages
will be displayed. Company name (CHARLATE) will be followed by motor brand
(ABM). Traction hours (TRAC HRS) and the actual traction hour count (0.0) will then
be displayed, followed by keyswitch hours (KSI HRS) and the actual keyswitch hour
count (0.0).
CHARLATE
ABM
TRAC HRS 0.0
Chapter 1
Page 3-13
Feb. 14
KSI HRS 0.0
INITIAL SCREEN MESSAGE SEQUENCE

FIGURE 1-3-21
cc. After the initial messages have completed, the display screen will then read the
traction hours count.
0.0
FINAL SCREEN MESSAGE

FIGURE 1-3-22
NOTICE
THE INITIAL SCREEN MESSAGE SEQUENCE WILL RUN THROUGH EVEN IF THE HANDBRAKE IS
STILL APPLIED. HOWEVER, IT WILL NOT APPEAR ON THE SCREEN UNTIL THE HANDBRAKE IS
RELEASED.
i. Turn on any required accessories such as work lights, beacon lights, etc.
j. While continuing to press the foot brake pedal, choose a direction with the direction
control lever.
Chapter 1
Page 3-14
Feb. 14
k. Release the foot brake pedal and press the accelerator pedal. The controller readout
panel will then change to display unit speed (0mph) as the unit is driven.
SPEED DISPLAY
FIGURE 1-3-23
WARNING
BE SURE NO PERSONS OR OBJECTS ARE IN THE DIRECTION OF TRAVEL BEFORE PRESSING
ACCELERATOR PEDAL.
WARNING
THE DIRECTION LEVER MUST BE IN THE “NEUTRAL” POSITION AND THE PARKING BRAKE
SET PRIOR TO THE OPERATOR EXITING THE OPERATOR’S COMPARTMENT.
WARNING
TO PREVENT TRACTOR COASTING WITH THE MOTOR NOT RUNNING, THE PARKING BRAKE
MUST BE IN THE SET POSITION.
WARNING
STOPPING THE TRACTOR IS MUCH SLOWER WHILE TOWING HEAVY LOADS, ON GRADES,
AND DURING INCLEMENT WEATHER. IF TWO OR ALL THREE OF THESE ARE PRESENT THE
PROBLEM IS MULTIPLIED.
NOTICE
IF SCREEN MESSAGE READS “SERVICE”, REFER TO CHAPTER 2 SECTION 2 FOR
INFORMATION ON RETURNING UNIT FROM “SERVICE MODE” TO REGULAR OPERATING
MODE.
Chapter 1
Page 3-15
Feb. 14
1a. Clearing Time-Out
a. If the unit is brought to a stop, and is expected to remain stopped for an extended period
of time (more than 1 minute), then the direction lever should be returned to the neutral
position. If the unit is not driven, but the master switch remains on and the direction lever
remains in the forward or reverse position, the controller will “time out” and the unit will
not drive without first placing the direction lever into neutral and then re-choosing a
direction.
NOTICE
THERE IS NO DISPLAY MESSAGE TO INDICATE THAT THE CONTROLLER HAS TIMED-OUT IN THIS
FASHION. IT WILL ONLY BE EVIDENT THAT THE VEHICLE WILL NOT DRIVE WHEN THE ACCELERATOR
PEDAL IS PRESSED. IF THIS OCCURS, THEN PRESS THE BRAKE PEDAL TO PREVENT THE UNIT FROM
COASTING, MOVE THE DIRECTION CONTROL LEVER BACK TO NEUTRAL, THEN RE-CHOOSE A
DIRECTION. THE VEHICLE WILL THEN DRIVE WHEN THE ACCELERATOR PEDAL IS PRESSED.
1b. Clearing Deadman Message
a. If the deadman (DEADMAN?) message appears on the controller readout panel, this
indicates that the seat switch is not activated and a direction of travel has been selected.
Ensure that the seat is pushed down, and set the direction lever back to neutral.
Otherwise the vehicle will not run.
DEADMAN?
SEAT UNOCCUPIED AND DIRECTION SELECTED

FIGURE 1-3-24
NOTICE
IF DEADMAN MESSAGE IS DISPLAYED, INCHING CONTROLS ON THE TRACTOR WILL NOT WORK. CLEAR
DEADMAN MESSAGE BY PLACING THE DIRECTION LEVER BACK INTO NEUTRAL FOR THE INCHING
CONTROLS TO WORK.
Chapter 1
Page 3-16
Feb. 14
2. Shutdown
a. Drive the unit to its designated parking place.
b. Stop the unit by releasing the accelerator pedal and depressing the brake pedal.
c. Set the parking brake by pulling the parking brake lever to the up position. This will place
the controller readout panel into handbrake (H-BRAKE) mode.
H-BRAKE
HANDBRAKE APPLIED
FIGURE 1-3-25
WARNING
ALWAYS SET THE PARKING BRAKE WHEN THE UNIT IS NOT IN OPERATION.
d. Move the direction control lever to the “NEUTRAL” position.

e. Turn “OFF” all accessories.
f. Turn master switch to the “OFF” position.
Chapter 1
Page 3-17
Feb. 14
3. Tractor Towing Procedure
WARNING
IT IS NOT POSSIBLE WITHIN THE SCOPE OF THIS GUIDE, TO ANTICIPATE ALL POSSIBLE
ARRANGEMENTS FOR TOWING A DISABLED UNIT. BEFORE ATTEMPTING TO TOW ANY
VEHICLE, YOU MUST TAKE ALL POSSIBLE PRECAUTIONS TO PROTECT THE OPERATORS AND
ANYONE AROUND BOTH VEHICLES FROM BEING INJURED BY EITHER THE TOWING VEHICLE,
TOWING DEVICES OR THE VEHICLE BEING TOWED. THE PRIMARY TOWING DEVICE BEING
USED (CABLES, BARS, ETC.) AND THE TOWING VEHICLE MUST BE STRONG AND HEAVY
ENOUGH TO MAINTAIN CONTROL OF BOTH VEHICLES THROUGH ALL CONDITIONS TO BE
ENCOUNTERED AT ALL TIMES. SAFETY CHAINS OR OTHER SAFETY DEVICES MUST BE USED
IN CASE OF FAILURE OF THE PRIMARY TOWING DEVICE. ALL OPERATORS MUST BE ALERT
AT ALL TIMES TO PREVENT EITHER UNIT FROM “RUNNING AWAY” OR RUNNING OUT OF
CONTROL DURING TOWING. THE VEHICLE TO BE TOWED MUST BE SECURELY COUPLED TO
THE TOWING VEHICLE BEFORE THE PARKING BRAKE IS RELEASED ON THE DISABLED UNIT.
THE OPERATOR OF THE TOWING VEHICLE MUST BE IN PLACE IN THE TOWING VEHICLE WITH
THE BRAKES APPLIED BEFORE THE BRAKES OF THE DISABLED VEHICLE ARE RELEASED.
WARNING
IF REAR WHEELS ARE IN CONTACT WITH THE GROUND, DO NOT TOW THE UNIT OVER 10 MPH
AS SERIOUS DAMAGE WILL OCCUR TO THE ELECTRIC MOTOR.
a. Set the parking brake of the disabled unit by pulling the parking brake lever to the up
position.
b. Couple the towing vehicle securely to the disabled unit.
WARNING
ALWAYS BE SURE THAT NO ONE IS IN BETWEEN THE TOWING VEHICLE AND THE DISABLED
VEHICLE.
IF THE FRONT WHEEL OF THE DISABLED VEHICLE IS IN CONTACT WITH THE GROUND THE
DISABLED VEHICLE WILL HAVE TO BE STEERED.
IF TOWING WITH THE REAR WHEELS LIFTED, DO NOT USE THE REAR HITCH AS THE LIFTING
POINT AS THIS WILL CAUSE THE TRACTOR TO TILT AND POSSIBLY OVERTURN.
c. If necessary, release the parking brake of the disabled unit.

d. Begin towing the unit.
e. Once the destination is reached, stop both vehicles and set the parking brake on the
disabled unit before removing the towing device. The disabled unit should be chocked in
both directions at all four (4) wheels for additional stability.
WARNING
FAILURE TO SET THE PARKING BRAKE ON THE DISABLED UNIT BEFORE REMOVING THE
TOWING DEVICE COULD ALLOW THE DISABLED UNIT TO ROLL AWAY UNCONTROLLED.
Chapter 1
Page 3-18
Feb. 14
4. Trailer Towing Procedure
Trailers are used in many configurations. The operator must be familiar with the style used in
his work area.
Two basic steering systems are found on these trailers, two wheel steer and four wheel steer.
On the two wheel steer unit the front axle pivots in the center and is part of the tow bar. This
system produces rear end swing (the corners of the trailers fill an area wider than the trailer
when turning).
CAUTION
WHEN DRIVING, THE OPERATOR MUST REMAIN AWARE OF THIS EXTRA WIDTH WHILE
MOVING AMONG OBSTACLES.
On the four wheel steer trailers the front and rear axles pivot on turntables that are connected
diagonally so that the wheels turn in opposite directions. This permits the trailer to track and
prevents rear end swing when turning.
CAUTION
THE OPERATOR MUST BECOME AWARE OF THE PARKING BRAKE SYSTEM USED ON THE
TRAILERS IN HIS WORK AREA.
Chapter 1
Page 3-19
Feb. 14
5. Inching Device Operation Procedure
WARNING
1. THIS OPTION IS ONLY TO BE USED ON LEVEL GROUND.
2. NEVER USE THE OPTION TO MOVE THE TRACTOR FROM LEVEL GROUND TO A SLOPED
AREA.
3. IF THE FRONT WHEELS ARE TURNED, THE TRACTOR WILL MOVE IN THE SHADED AREA.
STAY CLEAR OF THIS AREA.
4. THE OPERATOR MUST BE SURE THAT NO ONE IS IN THE AREA OF TRAVEL
5. THE OPERATOR MUST NEVER BE IN THE AREA OF TRAVEL.
INCHING DEVICE CONTROLS

FIGURE 1-3-26
a. Turn the main switch to the on position.
b. Set the direction lever to neutral.
c. Release the hand brake.
d. Walk to the rear of the tractor, on the side the inching device controls are located.
WARNING
CHECK THE AREA OF MOVEMENT FOR OTHER PERSONS.
e. While standing beside the tractor, out of the area of movement, press the forward or
reverse button move the tractor.
f. Repeat until the desired towbar is aligned with the hitch
g. Connect the towbar.
WARNING
THE STOP BUTTON SHUTS OFF POWER TO THE TRACTOR ONLY. THE BRAKES ARE NOT
APPLIED; THEREFORE THE TRACTOR WILL COAST A VERY SHORT DISTANCE.
NOTICE
ROTATE THE STOP SWITCH TO RESET THE SWITCH
Chapter 1
Page 3-20
Feb. 14
6. Battery Charging
WARNING
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING, GLOVES, AND EYEWEAR MUST BE WORN WHEN WORKING ON OR
NEAR BATTERIES. BATTERIES PRODUCE EXPLOSIVE GASES WHILE CHARGING AND SHOULD
BE WELL VENTILATED DURING CHARGING AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES.
a. Conventional Charging procedure:
1. Be familiar with and know how to operate the charger properly. (This can be as
simple as turning on a switch on some chargers, while some chargers start
automatically when the battery is connected).
2. Locate the charging plug on your vehicle. This is typically located on the passenger
side at the rear of the vehicle. The plug may also be located at the rear on the
driver’s side.
CONVENTIONAL
CHARGING PLUG
SB350 Plug SBX Plug (Green)
TRACTOR & BATTERY PLUG

FIGURE 1-3-27
Chapter 1
Page 3-21
Feb. 14
3. If equipped with both fast and conventional charging, ensure that the tractor plug is
connected at the rear of the tractor.
ENSURE THAT TRACTOR PLUG IS CONNECTED TO USE THE

CONVENTIONAL CHARGING PLUG
FIGURE 1-3-28
4. Plug the charger plug into the conventional charging plug of the tractor.
5. Start the charger as outlined in the charger operation guide.
CAUTION
DO NOT TURN THE CHARGER “ON” BEFORE MAKING CONNECTION TO THE BATTERY.
DO NOT DISCONNECT THE CHARGER/BATTERY CONNECTION UNTIL THE CHARGER IS

TURNED “OFF.”
b. Conventional Charging procedure – new standard style (as of June 2013):
1. The new standard conventional charging system involves the same charging procedure
as stated previously, only with the addition of an interlock switch and charger cover for
power cutoff. When rear charger cover is lifted, interlock switch is disengaged and will
not allow unit to have power.
CHARGER
COVER
INTERLOCK
SWITCH
NEW STANDARD – CONVENTIONAL CHARGING

FIGURE 1-3-29
Chapter 1
Page 3-22
Feb. 14
c. Fast Charging procedure – Burton Style Plug (Optional):
2. Disconnect the tractor plug from the rear of the tractor.
TRACTOR
RECEPTACLE
FAST
CHARGER
PLUG
TRACTOR
PLUG
BURTON STYLE PLUG

FIGURE 1-3-30
3. Plug the fast charger into the tractor.
CAUTION
DO NOT TURN THE CHARGER “ON” BEFORE MAKING CONNECTION TO THE BATTERY.
DO NOT DISCONNECT THE CHARGER/BATTERY CONNECTION UNTIL THE CHARGER IS

TURNED “OFF.”
Chapter 1
Page 3-23
Feb. 14
d. Fast Charging procedure – Euro Style Plug (Optional):
2. Disconnect the battery plug from the tractor receptacle.
TRACTOR
RECEPTACLE
BATTERY
PLUG
TRACTOR RECEPTACLE & BATTERY PLUG

FIGURE 1-3-31
3. Plug the charger into the battery plug.
CAUTION
DO NOT TURN THE CHARGER “ON” BEFORE MAKING CONNECTION TO THE BATTERY. DO
NOT DISCONNECT THE CHARGER/BATTERY CONNECTION UNTIL THE CHARGER IS TURNED
“OFF.”
Chapter 1
Page 3-24
Feb. 14
e. Fast Charging procedure – ETEC Style Plug (Optional):
2. Locate the ETEC style plug on the tractor. This is located at the rear of the vehicle on
the passenger’s side under a hinged cover.
CHARGING RECEPTACLE
FIGURE 1-3-32
3. Open the hinged cover to access the ETEC charging receptacle.
4. Plug the charger into the charging receptacle.
CAUTION
DO NOT TURN THE CHARGER “ON” BEFORE MAKING CONNECTION TO THE BATTERY. DO
NOT DISCONNECT THE CHARGER/BATTERY CONNECTION UNTIL THE CHARGER IS TURNED
“OFF.”
Chapter 1
Page 3-25
Feb. 14
Chapter 1
Page 3-26
Feb. 14
CHAPTER 1
IV. SHIPPING
A. Preparation For Shipping

1. Disconnect the battery from the tractor connector.
2. The battery should receive an equalizing charge.
3. The battery must be secured in all directions.
4. Cab doors and windows must be secured.
5. The tractor should be blocked and secured to the vehicle being used for transport.
6. Any areas of the tractor that require attention due to missing or damaged components should
be tagged on the tractor and noted on all shipping documents.
CAUTION
THE SUSPENSION ON THE TRACTOR AND THE SUSPENSION ON THE HAULING DEVICE MAY
PRODUCE A HARMONIC CONDITION IF BOTH ARE FREE TO OPERATE; THEREFORE, THE
TRACTOR SHOULD BE BLOCKED SO THERE IS NO LOAD ON THE SPRINGS.
Chapter 1
Page 4-1
Dec. 13
B. Preparation For Operation

1. After the tractor is unloaded remove the battery restraints and the door and window
restraints.
2. Inspect the tractor for damage and check for tagged items on the tractor and on the shipping
documents.
3. Make all repairs.
4. Torque the wheel nuts.

Front 150 ft.lb. (20.7 kgf·m)
Rear 150 ft.lb. (20.7 kgf·m)
5. Check all fluid levels, add PROPER fluids to required levels.
6. Recharge the battery.
7. Reconnect the battery.
8. A test drive should be made before the tractor is placed into service.
Chapter 1
Page 4-2
Dec. 13
CHAPTER 1
V. STORAGE
A. One Month Storage

1. Tires
a. The unit should be raised and securely blocked to prevent tires from contacting the
ground and tire pressure reduced to 20 P.S.I.
WARNING
WHEN THE UNIT IS RAISED AND BLOCKED, ALWAYS USE APPROVED BLOCKING DEVICES
THAT WILL SUPPORT THE UNITS WEIGHT.
AT LEAST FOUR (4) BLOCKING DEVICES SHOULD BE USED, TWO SHOULD BE PLACED UNDER
THE FRONT AXLE AND TWO SHOULD BE PLACED UNDER THE REAR AXLE (ONE PER SIDE).
2. Lubrication
a. Completely grease, lubricate, and check all fluid levels as indicated in the Lubrication
Section of this guide.
3. Battery
a. The battery should be removed from the unit and stored separately in a cool dry location
without direct sunlight. The temperature should be maintained between 32° F (0° C) and
90° F (32° C). If outside storage is necessary; protect from sunlight, keep from freezing,
and do not stack.
1) Unfilled batteries that are “DRY CHARGED” should have their seals or other
shipping provisions left in place until the cells are to be filled and the battery is to be
placed in service.
2) Filled batteries should be charged and equalized before storage. If storage is

longer than a month a method should be available to charge them once each
month.
4. AC Electric Motor
a. See Chapter 5 for more detailed information.
Chapter 1
Page 5-1
May 03
B. Long Term Storage

1. Tires
a. The unit should be raised and securely blocked to prevent tires from contacting the
ground and tire pressure reduced to 20 P.S.I.
WARNING
WHEN THE UNIT IS RAISED AND BLOCKED, ALWAYS USE APPROVED BLOCKING DEVICES
THAT WILL SUPPORT THE UNITS WEIGHT.
AT LEAST FOUR (4) BLOCKING DEVICES SHOULD BE USED, TWO SHOULD BE PLACED UNDER
THE FRONT AXLE AND TWO SHOULD BE PLACED UNDER THE REAR AXLE (ONE PER SIDE).
2. Lubrication
a. Completely grease, lubricate, and check all fluid levels as indicated in the Lubrication
Section of this guide.
3. Inspection
a. A complete inspection should be made of the entire unit and a list of any problems,
malfunctions or missing components should be attached to the unit to prevent hazardous
operation when returned to service.
4. Protection
a. If the unit is to be stored outside, a breathable cover should be considered. Sufficient air
flow must be available to prevent a buildup of condensation that can cause more damage
than exposure to the elements.
5. Motor/Electronics
a. DO NOT SEAL ANY ELECTRIC MOTOR. Condensation readily forms inside the motor
frame and can damage the internal components. Water must be prevented from dripping
on, flowing into, or flooding the motor and other electrical components.
6. AC Electric Motor
a. See Chapter 5 for more detailed information.

7. Battery
a. The battery should be removed from the unit and stored separately in a cool dry location
without direct sunlight. The temperature should be maintained between 32° F (0° C) and
90° F (32° C). If outside storage is necessary; protect from sunlight, keep from freezing,
and do not stack.
1) Unfilled batteries that are “DRY CHARGED” should have their seals or other
shipping provisions left in place until the cells are to be filled and the battery is to be
placed in service.
2) Filled batteries should be charged and equalized before storage. If storage is
longer than a month a method should be available to charge them once each
month.
Chapter 1
Page 5-2
May 03

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MODEL T-137 CURTIS

CHARLATTE AMERICA, INC.

GENERAL REVISION - “N”- 3/17/16

Replaced Curtis vendor manual with the latest revision.

Added Fault Codes for Charlatte Specific Faults in Chapter 2 Troubleshooting.

 Added accumulator description and information to Chapter 1.

 Updated speed sensor removal/installation in Chapter 2 to show

 Updated Controller Assembly in Chapter 3 Parts to show main wiring

 Updated Heater Assembly in Parts.

 Updated Chapter 3 Parts to include new master cylinder.

 Updated Chapter 3 Parts to show newest rearview mirror.

THE TEXT IN NO WAY COVERS ALL POSSIBLE CONTINGENCIES OR OPERATING

THIS GUIDE IS DESIGNED TO BE OF GENERAL ASSISTANCE. IF PROCEDURES OR

CHARLATTE OF AMERICA, INC. ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE

SOME ILLUSTRATIONS IN THIS GUIDE MAY SHOW UNITS WITH OPTIONAL

SOME ILLUSTRATIONS IN THIS GUIDE MAY BE OF PROTOTYPE MODELS.

CONTINUING IMPROVEMENT AND ADVANCEMENT OF PRODUCT DESIGN MAY CAUSE

Adjustment Instructions .............................................................................. 2/2

Alphabetical Parts List ................................................................................ 3/4 .................................... 4-1

Brake Bleeding ............................................................................................. 2/2 .................................... 2-9

Component Removal/Installation ............................................................... 2/3

Components/Systems ................................................................................. 1/2 .................................... 2-2

Console Adjustment Lever

Description ................................................................................................... 1/2

Dimensions ................................................................................................... 1/1 .................................... 1-1

Direction Control Lever

Drawing And Parts List ............................................................................... 3/2 .................................... 2-1

Electrical Controls ....................................................................................... 1/1 .................................... 1-1

Emergency Stop Switch

Foot Brake Pedal

General Maintenance Instructions ............................................................. 2/1 .................................... 1-1

Headlight/Turn Signal/Horn Combination Lever

Inching Device Controls

Instruments/Controls ................................................................................... 1/3 .................................... 3-1

Lubricants, Fluids, And Capacities ............................................................ 2/1 .................................. 1-18

Lubrication Alphabetical Table................................................................... 2/1 .................................. 1-17

Lubrication Chart ......................................................................................... 2/1 .................................. 1-13

Maintenance Checklist ................................................................................ 2/1 .................................... 1-5

Numerical Parts List .................................................................................... 3/3 .................................... 3-1

Operating (Safety) ........................................................................................ 1/3 .................................. 3-10

Operation ...................................................................................................... 1/3

Performance ................................................................................................. 1/1 .................................... 1-1

Preparation For Initial Use .......................................................................... 2/1 .................................... 1-3

Preparation For Operation .......................................................................... 1/4 .................................... 4-2

Preparation For Shipping ............................................................................ 1/4 .................................... 4-1

Pre-Start Inspection ..................................................................................... 1/3 .................................. 3-10

Preventative Maintenance Schedule .......................................................... 2/1 .................................... 1-6

Procedures ................................................................................................... 1/3 .................................. 3-11

Safety............................................................................................................. 1/3 .................................. 3-10

Service Mode/Service LOS

Servicing ....................................................................................................... 2-1.................................... 1-1

Shipping ........................................................................................................ 1/4

Shutdown (Procedure) ................................................................................ 1/3 .................................. 3-16

Specifications ............................................................................................... 1/1

Starting (Procedure) .................................................................................... 1/3 .................................. 3-11

Starting (Safety) ........................................................................................... 1/3 .................................. 3-10

Stopping (Safety) ......................................................................................... 1/3 .................................. 3-10

Storage (One Month).................................................................................... 1/5 .................................... 5-1

Storage (Long Term) .................................................................................... 1/5 .................................... 5-2

Toe In Adjustment ........................................................................................ 2/2 .................................... 2-5

Tractor Towing (Procedure) ........................................................................ 1/3 .................................. 3-17

Trailer Towing (Procedure) ......................................................................... 1/3 .................................. 3-18

Trouble Shooting ......................................................................................... 2/4 .................................... 4-1