Chapter 7a Mass Transfer Coefficients For Various Geometries

BKF 2432: MASS TRANSFER FKKSA, UMP
Principles of Mass
Transfer
(CHAPTER 7)
Mass Transfer Coefficient for
Various Geometries
1
2008/2009 II
Topic Outcomes
 It is expected that student will be able to:

 Apply the convective mass transfer
coefficient of molecular diffusion in various
geometries.
 Solve mathematical solution of molecular
diffusion in various geometries.
2
2008/2009 II
Content
 Prediction of mass transfer coefficient
 Dimensionless number
 Mass Transfer for Flow Inside Pipes
 Mass Transfer for Flow Parallel to Flat
Plates
 Mass Transfer for Flow Past Single Spheres
 Mass Transfer to Packed Bed
 Flow Perpendicular to Single Cylinder
3
2008/2009 II
Dimensionless number
4
2008/2009 II
Dimensionless Number
 Reynolds Number
L
N Re 
 Equation 7.3.1
 L= Dp for sphere; Diameter, D for pipe; Length, L for flat plate
 Schmidt Number

N Sc  Equation 7.3.2
DAB
 Sherwood Number
k'c L (kc y BM )L k'x L

sh 
N   Equation 7.3.3
DAB DAB c DAB
- Use for correction of mass transfer coefficient obtained from experimental data
5
2008/2009 II
Dimensionless Number
 Stanton Number
k'c k'G P k'y

N St    Equation 7.3.4
v GM GM
GM= vρ/MAv=vc
 JD factor 
k'c
 Sc 
k'G P
 Sc   
2 2 1
JD  N 3
 N 3
 N Sh / N Re .N Sc
3
Equation 7.3.5
v GM
- Use for correction of mass transfer coefficient obtained from experimental data

6
2008/2009 II
Mass Transfer for

Flow Inside Pipes
7
2008/2009 II
Mass Transfer for Flow Inside Pipes
1. Laminar Flow
 N Re < 2100
 For liquid and gases flowing inside pipe
 Use Figure 7.3-2
 Use rodlike flow
8
2008/2009 II
Laminar Flow
9
2008/2009 II
Mass Transfer for Flow Inside Pipes
2. Turbulent Flow
 N Re > 2100
 0.6 <N Sc < 3000
k 'c D (kc pBM ) D

   0.023N Re N Sc
0.83 0.33
N Sh Equation 7.3.25
DAB DAB
10
2008/2009 II
Example 7.3-1 (pg 479) Mass Transfer

Inside a Tube
o A tube is coated on the inside with naphthalene and
has an inside diameter of 20 mm and a length of
1.10 m. Air at 318 K and an average pressure of
101.3 kPa flows through this pipe at a velocity of
0.80 m/s. Assuming that the absolute pressure
remains essentially constant, calculate the
concentration of naphthalene in the exit air. (Use
the physical properties given in Example 6.2-4; DAB
= 6.92 x 10-6 m2/s, PAi = 74 Pa)
11
2008/2009 II
Mass Transfer for

Flow Parallel to Flat Plates
12
2008/2009 II
Mass Transfer for Flow Parallel to Flat Plates
 For gases or evaporation of liquids in the gas phase

 Laminar region; NRe,L= Lνρ/μ < 15 000
0.5 Equation 7.3.26

J D  0.664 N Re, L
 In terms of Sherwood number ( JD= N Sh / (N Re N Sc

1/3)
k c' .L
  0.664 N Re,L N sc3
0.5 1
N sh Equation 7.3.27
D AB
13
2008/2009 II
Mass Transfer for Flow Parallel to Flat Plates
 Gases and 15 000 < NRe,L < 300 000
0.2
J D  0.036 N Re, L
Equation 7.3.28
 Liquid and 600 < NRe,L < 50 000
0.5
J D  0.99 N Re, L
Equation 7.3.29
14
2008/2009 II

from a Flat Plate
o A large volume of pure water at 26.1oC is flowing
parallel to a flat plate of solid benzoic acid, where L
= 0.244 m in the direction of flow. The water
velocity is 0.061 m/s. The solubility of benzoic acid
in water is 0.02948 kg mol/m3. The diffusivity of
benzoic acid is 1.245 x 10-9 m2/s. Calculate the
mass-transfer coefficient kL and the flux NA.
(Assume: solution is very dilute, xBM ~ 1, k’c ~ kc ,
CA2 = 0; diffusion is for A through non-diffusing B)
15
2008/2009 II
Mass Transfer for

Flow Past Single Spheres
16
2008/2009 II
Mass Transfer for Flow Past Single Spheres
 Gases; 0.6 < N Sc < 2.7; 1 < N Re = Dpvp/u < 48 000
N Sh  2  0.552 N Re
0.53 1/ 3 Equation 7.3.33
N Sc
 Liquid; 2 < N Re = Dpvp/u < 2 000
N Sh  2  0.95N Re
0.50 1/ 3 Equation 7.3.34
N Sc
 Liquid; 2 000 < N Re = Dpvp/u < 17 000
N Sh  0.347 N Re
0.62 1/ 3
N Sc
Equation 7.3.35
17
2008/2009 II

from a Sphere
o Calculate the value of mass transfer coefficient, kG
and the total amount of naphthalene evaporated to
air at 45oC and 1 atm abs flowing at a velocity of
0.305 m/s. The diameter of the sphere is 25.4 mm.
The diffusivity of naphthalene in air at 45oC is 6.92
x 10-6 m2/s and the vapor pressure of solid
naphthalene is 0.555 mm Hg. (Assume: gas is very
dilute, yBM ~ 1, k’G ~ kG , PA2 = 0; diffusion is for A
through non-diffusing B)
18
2008/2009 II
Mass Transfer to
Packed Bed
19
2008/2009 II
Mass Transfer to Packed Bed
 Gases in packed bed of spheres; 10 < N Re < 10 000;
0.4548 0.4069
JD  N Re
 Equation 7.3.36
 Where, NRe is
D p ' 
N Re 

v’ = superficial velocity
20
2008/2009 II
Mass Transfer to Packed Bed

 Liquid in packed bed; 0.0016 < NRe < 55 ; 165 < N Sc < 70 000
1.09 2 / 3
JD  N Re Equation 7.3.37

 Liquid in packed bed; 55 < NRe < 1 500 ; 165 < N Sc < 10 690
0.250  0.31

 Gases or Liquid in Fluidized bed of spheres; 10 < NRe < 4 000
0.458 0.4069

 Liquid in Fluidized bed; 1 < NRe < 10
1.1068 0.72
2008/2009 II
 21
Mass Transfer Rate for Packed Bed

 Total external surface area , A
6(1   )
A  aVb  Vb Equation 7.3.41
Dp
Vb = total volume of bed
 Mass transfer rate is calculated using log mean driving force at

inlet and outlet of the bed
(c Ai  c A1 )  (c Ai  c A2 )
N A A  Ak c
(c Ai  c A1 ) Equation 7.3.42
In
(c Ai  c A2 )
cAi = concentration at the surface of the solid
cA1 = inlet bulk fluid conc.
cA2= outlet bulk fluid concentration
22
2008/2009 II

of a Liquid in a Packed Bed
o Pure water at 26.1oC flows at the rate of 5.514 x10-7
m3/s through a packed bed of benzoic acid spheres
having a diameter of 6.375 mm. The total surface
area of the spheres in the bed is 0.01198 m2 and the
void fraction is 0.436. The tower diameter is
0.0667m. The solubility of benzoic acid in water is
2.948 x 10-7 kg mol/m3. Predict the mass transfer
coefficient kC . (Assume: solution is very dilute)
23
2008/2009 II
Flow Perpendicular to
Single Cylinder
24
2008/2009 II
Flow Perpendicular to Single Cylinder
 0.6 < N Sc < 2.6 for Gases

 1 000 < N Sc < 3 000 for Liquid
 50 < N Re < 50 000
0.487
J D  0.600 N Re Equation 7.3.45
25
2008/2009 II
26
2008/2009 II

Chapter 7a Mass Transfer Coefficients For Various Geometries

Încărcat de

Informații document

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Chapter 7a Mass Transfer Coefficients For Various Geometries

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

BKF 2432: MASS TRANSFER FKKSA, UMP

 It is expected that student will be able to:

 L= Dp for sphere; Diameter, D for pipe; Length, L for flat plate

k'c L (kc y BM )L k'x L

k'c k'G P k'y

Mass Transfer for

Mass Transfer for Flow Inside Pipes

Mass Transfer for Flow Inside Pipes

k 'c D (kc pBM ) D

Example 7.3-1 (pg 479) Mass Transfer

Mass Transfer for

Mass Transfer for Flow Parallel to Flat Plates

 For gases or evaporation of liquids in the gas phase

0.5 Equation 7.3.26

 In terms of Sherwood number ( JD= N Sh / (N Re N Sc

Mass Transfer for Flow Parallel to Flat Plates

 Gases and 15 000 < NRe,L < 300 000

 Liquid and 600 < NRe,L < 50 000

Example 7.3-2 (pg 481) Mass Transfer

Mass Transfer for

Mass Transfer for Flow Past Single Spheres

 Gases; 0.6 < N Sc < 2.7; 1 < N Re = Dpvp/u < 48 000

 Liquid; 2 000 < N Re = Dpvp/u < 17 000

Example 7.3-3 (pg 482) Mass Transfer

Mass Transfer to Packed Bed

 Gases in packed bed of spheres; 10 < N Re < 10 000;

Mass Transfer to Packed Bed

Mass Transfer Rate for Packed Bed

 Mass transfer rate is calculated using log mean driving force at

Example 7.3-4 (pg 485) Mass Transfer

Flow Perpendicular to Single Cylinder

 0.6 < N Sc < 2.6 for Gases

S-ar putea să vă placă și