Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Luke Lawrence
Professor Barnes
English 1201
23 October 2019
Annotated Bibliography
Atkin, Charlie. “Horse Racing Might Be the Most Horrific Sport in the World, Some Say. Here
Are the Facts.” The Independent, Independent Digital News and Media, 4 May 2017,
www.independent.co.uk/sport/racing/horse-racing-grand-national-aintree-horses-betting-
fatal-deadly-cruel-injury-a7704086.html
This article was written by Charlie Atkin and was posted on the website Independent. This article
was posted in may of 2017 and the main point of the article it asking if horse racing really as
deadly and cruel as people think. There are three main questions asked in this article with the
first being how many horses die in racing. They say that the fatality rate is less than one percent
of all of the horses that are in training which is around 14,000 horses. The second question is
why are races like the Grand National so infamous. The reason this is a question asked is these
races are very tough on the horse because they have to jump thirty fences over four and quarter
miles. But there have been no deaths for the horses in over five years. The last question asks
what changes have been mad and have they worked. They show how safety measures have
improved and how they are actually working to keep the horses and the jockey’s safer during
racing. This article was written to show that some people believe that horse racing is a very
dangerous sport for the horse because of the running they have to do and also the pain that it
could put the horse through jumping over fences and hitting that fence going a speeds above
thirty miles an hour. The author and website are most definitely credible because the information
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that is used is all factual and has the statistics to prove that. Also, the writer posting this article
had to be verified in order to be able to post on this website. This section will be used in my
paper in the counter section where I will counter what my claim is. Is horse racing ethical is my
question and I think that it is not and this shows how it is fine and it is not hurting the horses.
Engle, Jeremy. “Is Horse Racing Ethical?” The New York Times, The New York Times, 9 Apr.
2019, www.nytimes.com/2019/04/09/learning/is-horse-racing-ethical.html.
The author of this article is Jeremy Engle and the source are the New York Times newspaper.
The article was written is April of 2019 and the main point of this article is in general whether
horse racing is ethical or not. This article talks about how there have been twenty-three equine
deaths since last December. With those deaths, twenty of them have come from the same race
track in California. That track being the Santa Anita track and this track is currently under
investigation as to why so many fatalities have happened on this track and whether or not this
track should be closed down. This article also talks about how horse racing has declined over the
years compared to how it used to be. Yes, there is still a lot of money in the industry, but over the
years the horse racing industry is just not the same as it used to be. The purpose of this article
being written is so show that horse racing may have some spots that are considered ethical, but
they push more towards the side that horse racing is not ethical and they show that by how many
deaths have occurred over the last year. They are trying to pursued you to believe that horse
racing is unethical and just to explain why and what is going on in the field of horse racing. The
writer is most definitely credible by that fact that he is posting his article is the New York Times
paper. This paper is very credible and all of the information that is said is factual and have the
data to prove it. This information will be used to back up my claim that horse racing is not
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ethical and that there needs to be a change in the way these horses are being treated so that they
Cohen, Andrew. “The Ugly Truth About Horse Racing.” The Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company,
horse-racing/284594/.
This article was written by Andrew Cohen and the source is The Atlantic. This article was
written in March of 2014 and was shown on the New York Times with the main idea of the
article just explaining the three different types of people that are involved in horse racing. There
are the crooks who dangerously drug or otherwise abuse their horses, or who countenance such
conduct from their agents, and who then dare the industry to come catch them. Then there are the
dupes who labor under the fantasy that the sport is broadly fair and honest. And there are those
masses in the middle neither naive nor cheaters but rather honorable souls who know the
industry is more crooked than it ought to be but who still don't do all they can to fix the problem.
This article was written to explain the truth about horse racing and what actually is going on with
horse racing and emphasizes the different type of people involved and how they affect the
business. The audience would simply be anyone who would be looking to learn about what is
going on in the horse realm and what type of people are involved in it. The writer is very credible
and is known for his articles being factual and not bias. His article here was published in the
New York Times, which shows that his article is credible and reliable. I will use this in my paper
to show how horse racing is not ethical and how there are people in this business who are hurting
racing-2/.
This article does not have an exact author, but was written by the organization PETA and that’s
who the publisher of this article is. This article was written this year and the main focus of the
article is the abuse and treatment of race horses and how it needs to be fixed. The summarize it
well by saying that Behind the romanticized façade of Thoroughbred horse racing is a world of
injuries, drug abuse, gruesome breakdowns, and slaughter. While spectators show off their fancy
outfits and sip mint juleps, horses are running for their lives. They explain how many of times
horses have just broken down and have died and that is about 24 horses on average a week. After
a horse finishes and does not perform well or if nobody likes the horse, they just send them to
slaughter houses. That is about 20,000 horses a year that are being killed just because they are
not good enough. The purpose of this article is to get you to see how bad people are treating
these race horses and get people to make a difference about this and fix what is going on. The
audience would simply be anyone who really wants to make a difference in this business. The
writer is the organization PETA who is very reputable and has been around for a long time. All
of the information that they use is factual and credible information. PETA stands for people for
the ethical treatment of animals, so they are looking to see these horses being treated correctly. I
would use this in my paper to back up my claim that horse racing is not ethical and to explain
with detail certain things that are being done to abuse these horses.
This is a personal interview and I interviewed Sandra Shannon and she is horse trainer and used
to show horses. I interviewed her last week over this topic and the main idea she talked about
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what the drugs they use on horse racing and soaring the horses. She explained to me how these
drugs that they are using on these horses first of all are killing them because some of the horses
cannot handle the drug and when they are actually racing, they are racing so hard with this
steroid in them that it is killing them. She also explained to me about soaring a horse. This term
is not used in horse racing but is used in the showing of horses and primarily on gaited horses
which is like a breed of horses. She explained to me that they are putting chemicals on the
horse’s legs that make them step a certain way and it would feel like your feet are burning so you
are trying to lift them off of the ground but the pain does not go away. She also explained that
this can make some horses go lame because their legs cannot handle the chemicals and that ends
up with the trainer just putting the horse down. This is considered abuse and needs to be stopped.
The audience for this would have been me and I was wanting to get information on the ethics of
horse racing and the abuse of horses. The person I interviewed has been in the horse industry for
over forty years and is credible for any information that she gave me. All of the information that
she told me was factual and reliable. I will use this information to back up my claim and to show
another point in how these horses are being abused and how to deal with it.
Markwell, Kevin, et al. “Blood on the Race Track: An Analysis of Ethical Concerns Regarding
b-ebscohost-com.sinclair.ohionet.org/eds/detail/detail?vid=7&sid=b941c5dd-e90a-407d-
86e6-e9f3e0490c50%40sdc-v-
sessmgr02&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmU%3D#AN=126205755&db=s3h.
The author of this article is Kevin Markwell and the source in the Sinclair Library database. This
article was published in December of 2017 and the main point analyzes the ethical concerns
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regarding animal-based gambling. Horse racing is a leisure activity that has significance that
transcends their economic impacts as they feature strongly in Australian national identity.
Considerable public distress was unleashed when two horses died following the running of the
2014 Melbourne Cup. Such an event has brought anxieties about the use of animals for
entertainment into the public arena and have stimulated considerable debate. This paper presents
the findings of a study which involved conducting thematic analysis across the online news
to horse racing/gambling and the identification of the key ethical positions that were present in
such discourses. The purpose of the article is to explain the ethics behind horse racing and it also
brings in a new topic about gambling on the horses and talks about the ethics of that. The
audience would just be someone wanting to see information about the ethical concerns regarding
horse racing. The writer is credible and all of the information in the article is factual. The reason
this is a reliable source is that it’s a library source from Sinclair. I will use this in my paper as
another explain as to why horse racing is not ethical and to back up my claim.
Kang, Sou Hwan, and Gil-Sung Park. “Overcoming Ethical Issues through Symbolic
ebscohost-com.sinclair.ohionet.org/eds/detail/detail?vid=6&sid=b941c5dd-e90a-407d-
86e6-e9f3e0490c50%40sdc-v-
sessmgr02&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmU%3D#AN=114326647&db=bth.
The authors for this paper are Sou Hwan Kang and Gil-Sung Park and the source for this paper is
the Sinclair Library database. This paper was published in July of 2016 and the main topic talks
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about the overcoming of ethical issues through symbolic management, cultivating proponents
and storytelling of the institutionalization of Korea’s horseracing industry. This study explores
how business organizations taper their ethical problems and garner positive images as a result of
the managing organizational legitimacy, especially in the case of the Korea Racing Authority.
KRA adopted various strategies with a full understanding of the message, ‘legitimacy matters’,
including organizational ‘repositioning’ in the market from the gambling to the leisure industries.
This study focuses on the three strategic elements of acquiring legitimacy in Korea’s horseracing
industry in order to highlight symbolic management, cultivating agents and storytelling for
propounding its existence as an ethical and socially beneficial institution. The result of the
KRA’s acquisition of legitimacy is the reshaping of its identity and the massive growth of sales
and loyal followers. The purpose of this paper was to explain how the horse racing industry in
Korea is trying to be more ethical about how they run their business. The audience would be
someone who wants to see a different view of horse racing outside of the sates and to see how
their ethical views compare to ours. The authors are reliable and credible for their information
that is in the paper saying that this is in a Library database and that database being the Sinclair
one. All of the information that they use is factual information as well and has very good detail. I
will use this in my paper to show how this issue is not only occurring in the states but also
internationally and how they are trying to make horse racing more ethical.
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