AS 3600—2001 146

19.3.4.6 Maximum jacking forces

The maximum force to be applied to a tendon during the stressing operation shall not
exceed—
(a) for pretensioned tendons ............................................................................. 0.80fpAp;
(b) for stress-relieved post-tensioned tendons ................................................ 0.85f p Ap; or
(c) for post-tensioned tendons not stress-relieved............................................... 0.75f p Ap .
19.3.4.7 Grouting
Ducts containing post-tensioned tendons shall be completely filled with grout, complying
with Clause 19.1.8, as soon as practicable after stressing. Grouting shall not be carried out
when the temperature of the surrounding air is lower than 5°C.
Precautions shall be taken to prevent corrosion for the tendons if the elapsed period prior to
grouting is likely to exceed 4 weeks.
19.3.5 Construction requirements for unbonded tendons
Unbonded tendons shall not be permitted except in slabs on the ground. Where so used, the
requirements of Clauses 19.3.4.1 to 19.3.4.6 shall apply, and the tendons shall be
adequately protected against corrosion.

19.4 CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS FOR JOINTS AND EMBEDDED ITEMS

19.4.1 Location of construction joints
(a) Construction joints shall be located to facilitate the placement of concrete in
accordance with Clause 19.1.3.
(b) Unless otherwise specified, a construction joint shall be made between the soffits of
slabs or beams and their supporting columns or walls.
(c) Where an interruption to the placing of concrete occurs such that the requirements of
Clause 19.1.3(c) or 19.1.3(d) cannot be fulfilled, a construction joint complying with
Clause 14.1.1 shall be made at an appropriate location.
Accessed by SWINBURNE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY on 09 Feb 2005

19.4.2 Embedded and other items not shown in the drawings

Where an embedded item, driven fixing device, or hole is required but is not specifically
shown in the drawings, or included in the specification, it shall be located so that the
behaviour of the members is not impaired.

19.5 TOLERANCES FOR STRUCTURES AND MEMBERS

19.5.1 General
For the purposes of the strength requirements of this Standard, the position of any point on
the surface of a concrete member shall comply with Clause 19.5.2. More stringent
tolerances may be required for reasons of serviceability, fit of components, or aesthetics of
the structure.
For formed surfaces the tolerances given in AS 3610 take precedence, unless those in
Clause 19.5.2 are more stringent. For unformed plane surfaces, the flatness tolerances and
the methods for measuring them shall be detailed in the project specification, and shall be
not greater than the relevant values given in Clause 19.5.2.

© Standards Australia www.standards.com.au

 147 AS 3600—2001

19.5.2 Tolerances for position and size of structures and members

19.5.2.1 Absolute position
The deviation from the specified position shall not exceed the following:
(a) In plan, for a point on the surface of a column or wall at any floor level—
(i) in the first 20 storeys of any building .......................... 40 mm horizontally; and
(ii) for subsequent storeys, an increase of 15 mm horizontally for each additional
10 storeys or part thereof.
(b) In elevation, for a point on the top surface of a floor or the soffit of a beam or slab
adjacent to a column or wall ........................................................... 40 mm vertically.
19.5.2.2 Floor-to-floor plumb
In any column or wall, the deviation from plumb, measured floor-to-floor, shall not exceed
1/200 times the dimension between the floors or 10 mm, whichever is the greater.
19.5.2.3 Deviation from specified dimensions
The deviation from any specified height, plan, or cross-sectional dimension, shall not
exceed 1/200 times, the specified dimension or 5 mm, whichever is the greater.
19.5.2.4 Deviation from surface alignment
The deviation of any point on a surface of a member, from a straight line joining any two
points on the surface, shall not exceed 1/250 times the length of the line or 10
mm, whichever is the greater.
19.5.3 Tolerance on position of reinforcement and tendons
The deviation from the specified position of reinforcement and tendons shall not exceed the
following:
(a) For positions controlled by cover—
(i) in beams, slabs, columns and walls ............................................... −5, +10 mm;
(ii) in slabs-on-ground................................................................ −10, +20 mm; and
Accessed by SWINBURNE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY on 09 Feb 2005

(iii) in footings cast in the ground ......................................................−20, + 40 mm,

where a positive value indicates the amount the cover may increase and a negative
value indicates the amount the cover may decrease.
(b) For positions not controlled by cover, namely—
(i) the location of tendons on a profile ......................................................... 5 mm;
(ii) the position of the ends of reinforcement......................................... 50 mm; and
(iii) the spacing of bars in walls and slabs and of fitments in beams and columns
10% of the specified spacing or 15 mm, whichever is greater.

19.6 FORMWORK
19.6.1 General
The materials, design and construction of formwork shall comply with AS 3610. Stripping
of forms and removal of formwork supports from members cast in-situ shall comply with
the requirements of Clause 19.6.2 where these are more stringent than the relevant
requirements of AS 3610.

www.standards.com.au © Standards Australia

1 - STRAND
1.1 - STRAND PROPERTIES 13mm (0.5”)
Strand type prEN 10138 – 3 (2006) ASTM A 416-06
Y1860S7 Grade 270
Nominal diameter d (mm) 12.5 12.9 12.7
Nominal cross section Ap (mm2) 93 100 98.7
Nominal mass M (kg/m) 0.726 0.781 0.775
Nominal yield strength fp0,1k (MPa) 16341 16401 16752
Nominal tensile strength fpk (MPa) 1860 1860 1860
Specif./min. breaking load Fpk (kN) 173 186 183.7
Young’s modulus (GPa) approx. 195
Relaxation3 after 1000 h
max. 2.5
at 20°C and 0.7 x Fpk (%)
1) Characteristic value measured at 0.1% permanent extension
2) Minimum load at 1% extension for low-relaxation strand
3) Valid for relaxation class acc. to prEN 10138-3 or low-relaxation grade acc. to ASTM A 416-06

1.2 - TENDON PROPERTIES 13mm (0.5”)

Unit Strands Steel area Breaking load Corrugated steel duct3 Corrugated plastic duct Steel
numbers (recommended) VSL PT-PLUS® pipes
Ap acc. to prEN ASTM Y1860S7 (prEN) Grade 270 Øi / Øe e Øi / Øe e Ø ext x t
(ASTM) ø

Eccentricity
e
d=12.5 mm d=12.9 mm d=12.7 mm d=12.5 mm d=12.9 mm d=12.7 mm
Ap=93 mm2 Ap=100 mm2 Ap=100 mm2 Ap=93 mm2 Ap=100 mm2 Ap=98.7 mm2

[mm2] [mm2] [mm2] [kN] [kN] [kN] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm]
5-1 1 93 100 98.7 173 186 183.7 20/25 3 22/25 6 25.0 x 2.0
5-2 2 186 200 197 346 372 367 35/40 8 76/252 - 31.8 x 2.0/2.5/3.0
5-3 3 279 300 296 519 558 551 35/40 6 76/252 - 33.7 x 2.0/2.5/3.0
5-4 4 372 400 395 692 744 735 40/451 7 76/252 - 42.4 x 2.0/2.5/3.0
5-7 5 465 500 494 865 930 919 45/50 8 58/63 14 60.3 x 2.0/2.5/3.0
6 558 600 592 1038 1116 1102 45/50 6 58/63 12
5-7 7 651 700 691 1211 1302 1286 50/57 7 58/63 11 60.3 x 2.0/2.5/3.0
5-12 8 744 800 790 1384 1488 1470 55/62 9 58/63 10 70.0 x 2.0/2.5/3.0
9 837 900 888 1557 1674 1653 55/62 8 58/63 9
10 930 1000 987 1730 1860 1837 60/67 10 58/63 9
11 1023 1100 1086 1903 2046 2021 60/67 9 58/63 8
5-12 12 1116 1200 1184 2076 2232 2204 60/67 8 58/63 7 70.0 x 2.0/2.5/3.0
5-15 13 1209 1300 1283 2249 2418 2388 65/72 9 76/81 14 82.5 x 2.0/2.5/3.0
14 1302 1400 1382 2422 2604 2572 65/72 8 76/81 13
5-15 15 1395 1500 1481 2595 2790 2756 70/77 9 76/81 12 82.5 x 2.0/2.5/3.0
5-19 16 1488 1600 1579 2768 2976 2939 70/77 9 76/81 12 88.9 x 2.5/3.0/3.5
17 1581 1700 1678 2941 3162 3123 75/82 11 76/81 11
18 1674 1800 1777 3114 3348 3307 75/82 10 76/81 10
5-19 19 1767 1900 1875 3287 3534 3490 75/82 9 76/81 9 88.9 x 2.5/3.0/3.5
5-22 20 1860 2000 1974 3460 3720 3674 80/87 10 100/106 20 88.9 x 2.5/3.0/3.5
21 1953 2100 2073 3633 3906 3858 80/87 9 100/106 19
5-22 22 2046 2200 2171 3806 4092 4041 80/87 8 100/106 18 88.9 x 2.5/3.0/3.5
5-27 23 2139 2300 2270 3979 4278 4225 85/92 12 100/106 19 101.6 x 3.0/4.0/5.0
24 2232 2400 2369 4152 4464 4409 85/92 11 100/106 18
25 2325 2500 2468 4325 4650 4593 90/97 14 100/106 19
26 2418 2600 2566 4498 4836 4776 90/97 13 100/106 18
5-27 27 2511 2700 2665 4671 5022 4960 95/102 15 100/106 17 101.6 x 3.0/4.0/5.0
5-31 28 2604 2800 2764 4844 5208 5144 95/102 14 100/106 16 108.0 x 3.0/4.0/5.0
29 2697 2900 2862 5017 5394 5327 95/102 13 100/106 15
30 2790 3000 2961 5190 5580 5511 95/102 12 100/106 14
5-31 31 2883 3100 3060 5363 5766 5695 95/102 11 100/106 13 108.0 x 3.0/4.0/5.0
5-37 32 2976 3200 3158 5536 5952 5878 100/107 13 115/121 20 114.3 x 3.0/4.0/5.0
33 3069 3300 3257 5709 6138 6062 100/107 12 115/121 19
34 3162 3400 3356 5882 6324 6246 100/107 12 115/121 19
35 3255 3500 3455 6055 6510 6430 110/117 17 115/121 19
36 3348 3600 3553 6228 6696 6613 110/117 17 115/121 19
5-37 37 3441 3700 3652 6401 6882 6797 110/117 16 115/121 18 114.3 x 3.0/4.0/5.0
5-43 43 3999 4300 4244 7439 7998 7899 120/127 18 130/136 23 127.0 x 3.0/4.0/5.0
5-55 55 5115 5500 5429 9515 10230 10104 130/137 17 130/136 17 139.7 x 3.0/4.0/5.0
1) Flat ducts possible as well
2) Flat duct PT-PLUS® with rectangular slab anchorages, for PT-PLUS® see also under 3.1.3.
3) If flat ducts (steel or PT PLUS®) to be used with square type castings please contact your VSL representative. In plan view, tendons with slab type anchorages must be straight between anchorages or have only unidirectional turns with
min. radii of > 6 m. Strands must always be pushed-in prior to concreting. Eccentricity e: negligible
4) Given values may slightly vary depending on local availability of ducts. They are minimal for most applications. For special cases (long tendons, many curvatures, small radii etc.) greater size duct is recommended – please verify with
VSL. In any case the filling ratio (cross-section steel / duct) must not exceed 0.5 (EN523).
5) Please check with the nearest VSL office for the complete anchorage list.

20 V S L P O S T- T E N S I O N I N G S O L U T I O N S
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