Journal of Chemical Education Saintek and Volume I,

Number 1, Year 2017, Page 37-42 e-ISSN 2615-3378 ISSN

xxxx-xxxx

DETERMINATION OF CAFFEINE CONTENT IN ENERGETIC

DRINK Sachet OUTSTANDING STOCKS
FIELD AROUND THE MARKET Petisah

Lenny Novita 1, Banta Arita 2

1.2 University of Sari Mutiara Indonesia
1 lenynovita8@gmail.com , 2 baritaaritonang11@gmail.com

Abstract: Energy drinks are beverages are intended to supplement the energy and prevent drowsiness for
someone who drank it. The composition of the energy drink consisting of taurine, caffeine, inositol, vitamins
B3, B6, B12 and artificial sweeteners. Caffeine is a stimulant of the nervous system
strong center. People who drink caffeine
so do not feel sleepy, not so tired, and the power he thought faster and clearer. The research objective
was to determine whether the levels of caffeine in energy drinks sachet is appropriate dosage indicated
on the label research method is a iodometric titration. The sample is analyzed, namely energy drinks
Kuku Bima. Based on the results of research conducted caffeine content data obtained for the sample
code BA = 49.89 mg, the caffeine content to code BS = 47.97 mg, the caffeine content of the sample
code BJ = 46.32 mg. For caffeine levels in energy drinks quasi still qualify.

Keywords : Energizing Drinks, Caffeine, iodometry titration.

1. PRELIMINARY Caffeine is a stimulant of the central nervous

system and metabolic. Kefein hamper
In the process manufacture of beverages phosphodiesterase and
Extra energy stimulant substances absolutely has the effect of adenosine receptor antagonist
necessary, one of which is caffeine. In addition on central. The influence of the central nervous
to relieving sleepiness, caffeine can also provide system, especially in centers of higher, which
fitness and freshness to the body. Caffeine also resulted in increased mental activity and stay
acts awake or wake.
as substance
tranquilizers so that caffeine is used as a
complementary medicine painkiller.

The caffeine in the body can be easily absorbed by

the intestine and spreads within a few minutes
through the blood to all the organs and tissues of
the body. Caffeine can trick
body to be permanent
high activity increases blood pressure, and
increased urine output. Caffeine is an alkaloid
that is naturally present in coffee beans, tea Figure 1. Chemical structure Caffeine

leaves, cashew leaves, kola nut, cocoa beans Caffeine white is an alkaloid chemical compound
(Herman, 2007). with the formula C 8 H 10 N 4 O 2 and
1,3,7-trimethylxanthine wake formula.

University of Sari Mutiara Indonesia Page | 37

Lenny Novita, Banta Arita

Caffeine has some similarities with the chemical structure This dose is given on can increase mental
of alkaloid compounds, namely 3 activity that makes people always awake, so
xanthin, theophylline, and theobromine. that the recommended dose consumption of
C 8 H 10 N 4 O ( Buysse DJ Reynolds, 1989). energy drinks manufacturers are 2-3 times,
equivalent to 100-150 mg of caffeine a day. It is
Caffeine is a chemical compound that is found actually at risk, especially when the
naturally in many foods eg coffee beans, tea, oil consumption of energy drinks is still
seeds, fruits kola ( cola nitide) guarana, and mate. accompanied by a cup of coffee (Herman,
2007).
Tea is another source of caffeine, and contains
half the caffeine contained in coffee. Some
types of tea is black tea contains more caffeine The government has set the standard of
than other types of tea. Caffeine is also a caffeine in energy drinks is SNI No.
material used for potions non alcoholic 01-6684-2002 about energy drinks. The goal of
beverages such as cola, originally prepared the SNI is to protect consumers from the
from kola nuts. soft drinks typically comprises negative effects of excessive caffeine. On the
10-50 mg of caffeine. Chocolate is made from other hand, the concentration of caffeine that
cocoa contains a little caffeine as shown in has been determined not provide instant
Table 2.1. A weak stimulant effect of chocolate stamina effects for consumers, so it is possible
may be a combination of theobromine and there are manufacturers that increase the levels
theophylline as caffeine. Indonesia itself is of caffeine to produce a rapid effect for
known as the country's fourth-largest coffee pengkonsumsinya. Maximum levels in energy
producer in the world with a production rate of drinks
350 000 tons with a value of USD 376 million
(Yahmadi, by
regulation by the Director General SK POM
No.PO.04.02.3.01510 and SNI No. 016684-2002
is 50 mg persaji (BPOM RI, 2004). Caffeine is an
2005). organic compound which has another name,
namely caffeine,
Table 1. Food and Drinks Tein, or 1,3,7-trimetilxantin. The
contains Caffeine crystals of caffeine in the form of jarumjarum
Food / Caffeine luminous water. If it does not contain water,
No.
Beverage (mg) caffeine is melted at a temperature of 234 o C - 239 o
1 Milk Chocolate 5 C and sublimes at a lower temperature. Caffeine
2 Coca Cola ® 34.5 readily soluble in hot water and chloroform, but
3 Coffee ( Brewed) 107.5 slightly soluble in cold water and alcohol
4 Coffee decaffeinated 5.6 (Abraham, 2010).
( Brewed)
5 The coffee decaffeinated 2.5
(Instant) Caffeine consumed in small doses has a
6 Coffee ( espresso) ® 77 positive effect. Research in radiology by Innsbruck
7 Coffee (Instant) 57 Medical University ( 2005) found that at a dose
8 Lipton ice tea ® 50 of 100 mg caffeine can boost the performance
9 Krating daeng 80 of the forebrain where memory network is
Source: Yahmadi, 2005 located ( Clarke, R. and

If the view of the composition, hence the need to

R. Macrae, 1989) , Various studies have been
be aware of energy drinks is caffeine. Citing
conducted to examine the effects of caffeine
several studies, a dose of 100-150 mg of
to various aspect
caffeine is amam limit human consumption, and
Psychologically, there are many methods
the effects
performed to determine the caffeine content is
by method HPLC,

Journal of Chemical Saintek and Education Page | 38

Lenny Novita, Banta Arita
method spectrophotometry UV / VIS,
method iodometric titration indirectly. Based on
the description above, the authors are interested
in determining
content caffeine in
energy drinks packaging sachet. In this
research, as for the method performed to
determine the levels of caffeine in energy drink
sachet is the method
iodometric titration indirectly, the reason for choosing
this method because it is practical and simple
(Hasnawati, 2005).
To determine whether the levels of caffeine in
energy drinks sachet is appropriate dosage
indicated on the label. This research is helpful to
provide information for people to
danger effect side
consuming excessive caffeine can cause
disease, as a reference for researchers to
analyze caffeine with other methods, as well as
reference materials and reference for academic
to improve the quality of education.
2. METHOD RESEARCH
Materials and tools
Materials used in this study is potassium iodate,
2N sulfuric acid, potassium iodide is 10%,
Sodium thiosulfate, 1% starch indicator,
chloroform, saturated NaCl solution, and
distilled water. Meanwhile, for the samples
analyzed are energy drinks
dosage sachet
as much as 3 samples taken at random
(random) of all traders in the
Kapten Muslim
District of Medan Helvetia.
The tools used in this research is analytical
balance, volumetric pipette 10 mL, flask of 100
ml, 250 ml flask, burette, stative and clamps,
250 ml glass beaker, a pipette, separating
funnel,
bottle distilled water,
water bath.
Journal of Chemical Saintek and Education
Procedure
Standardization NAS Solution 2 O 3
Pipette 25 ml of solution of potassium dichromate
included to in
250 ml flask, then added 5 ml of concentrated
hydrochloric acid and 5 ml 1N solution of
potassium iodide, shaken until homogeneous,
after homogeneous add 1 ml starch solution, then
the solution is titrated with sodium thiosulfate
solution
0.1 N until the color of the solution changes to
blue.
Determination of the caffeine content in
energy drinks sachet
Weighed sample of 5 g by using a watch glass
and then inserted into
erlenmeyer next
diluted with 100 ml of distilled water, then
stirred, after it was put into a separating funnel.
Extraction is done 3 times with chloroform.
For the first extract into the funnel plus 20 ml of
chloroform and then shaken for 15 minutes after
it set aside,
layer under taken
inserted into Erlenmeyer.
To extract both the upper layer was added again
20 ml of chloroform, in the same way do the
third extract. The results are collected into
Erlenmeyer extract then evaporated on a water
bath until dry, then ditambahan 5 ml 4N sulfuric
acid and 50 ml and 20 ml 0,1N Iodine saturated
NaCl solution.
Furthermore, the volume ends meet until the
line mark. Stirred and allowed to stand for 5
minutes in the dark and covered with plastic.
Titration with standard solution Sodium sulphate
tio 0,1N until light yellow, add 2 ml starch
indicator and continue the titration until the blue
color right away. Titrated blank. 1 ml Na 2 S 2 O 3 0,1N
equivalent to 4.85 mg of caffeine.
and
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Lenny Novita, Banta Arita

To determine the percentage of caffeine 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

content, can use the following equation:
Results Standardization Na 2 S 2 O 3 0.1 N

% ••••• •••••• From the research that has been done is the
manufacture of standard solution of Na 2 S 2 O 3
0.1 Primer N with a solution of KIO 3 0.1 N
••- •• • • (•• 2 • 2 • 3) • 4.85
0.1 obtained from the data in Table 2 that the
= • 100%
•• •••••••• •••••• (••) standardization of data Na 2 S 2 O 3
with KIO 3 0.1000 N. Thus obtained concentration
Description: V b from solution
= Volume Blanko Na 2 S 2 O 3 actual amounts
vs = Volume of Sample 0.1074 N.
N Na 2 S 2 O 3 = normality Na 2 S 2 O 3
bs = Weight of sample Results Determination of Levels of Caffeine
For 1 ml Na 2 S 2 O 3 0,1N equivalent to Based on the research that has been done is to
4.85 mg of caffeine. menetapkaan caffeine levels in energy drinks
sachets preparations obtained from the data in
Table
3.

Table 2. Data Standardization of Na 2 S 2 O 3 Deng a n KIO 3 0.1000 N

normality Na 2 S
volume Normality volume titration normality Na 2 S 2 O3
No.
KIO 3 KIO 3 Na 2 S 2 O 3 2 O3 which is
actually
1 10.0 ml 0.1000 N 8.75 ml 0, 1143 N
2 10.0 ml 0.1000 N 9.80 ml 0.1020 N 0.1074 N
3 10.0 ml 0.1000 N 9.75 ml 0.1026 N

Table 3. Levels of Caffeine To Code S Ampel BA, B S, BJ

Caffeine
Sample The sample Blanko Caffeine Caffeine
Levels
No Code Weight volume volume Content weight
samples Mean (%)
(g) (mL) (mL) (%) (mg)

BA 1 4.4996 28.00 38.0 104, 18

1 BA 2 4.4996 28.15 38.0 102, 41 99.77 49.89
BA 3 4.4991 29.10 38.0 92.73
BS 1 4.4997 29.45 38.3 92.20
2 BS 2 4.4997 29.45 38.3 92.20 95, 94 47.97
BS 3 4.4995 28.40 38.3 103.14
BJ 1 4.4995 28.85 37.7 92.20
3 BJ 2 4.4995 28.85 37.7 94.08 92.65 46.32
BJ 3 4.4994 28.90 37.7 91.68

Discussion Extraction involves the distribution of a solute

In this study before making a determination of
caffeine levels in energy drinks are especially
dahahulu do the extraction process. Extraction
is is the withdrawal process a solute of the
solution in the water by any other solvent which
does not mix with water.
(solute) between the two liquid phases are not
intermingled. Extraction technique is very useful
for quick and clean separation, whether for organic
or inorganic substances, for the analysis of macro
and micro. The tools used in the form of a
separating funnel extraction purpose

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Lenny Novita, Banta Arita
is separating a component of the mixture
by using
solvent. Organic solvents commonly used
to dissolve organic compounds or
extraction is chloroform. This is because
chloroform is inert solvent properties, easily
dissolving organic compounds and low boiling
point so it is easy to be separated back.
After the extraction is conducted assay of
caffeine in energy drinks do
with methods titration
iodometri. The results are collected into
Erlenmeyer extract then evaporated on a water
bath until dry, then ditambahan 5 ml 4N sulfuric
acid and 50 ml and 20 ml 0,1N Iodine Sodium
chloride saturated solution.
Furthermore, the volume ends meet until the line
mark. Stirred and allowed to stand for 5 minutes
in the dark and covered with plastic.
after that was titrated
with a solution of sodium thiosulphate 0.1N,
when titrated the solution changes
became pale yellow after yellow
then ditambahakan indicator
1 ml starch solution turned blue kemudiaan in
back titration with sodium thiosulphate 0.1N,
when at the last titration solution turns blue to
colorless or blue color disappears.
CONCLUSION
Based on the research that has been done it
could be concluded as follows: Heavy caffeine
for sample code BA = 49.89 mg, heavy caffeine
to code BS = 47.97 mg, heavy caffeine for
sample code BJ = 46.32 mg, so the caffeine
content on a sample of BA, BJ and BS still
appropriate by Pharmacopoeia
Indonesia Edition IV of 1995 is a range between
90-110%, and by the Director General of POM
No.PO.04.02.3.01510 and SNI No.
01-6684-2002 of 50 mg persaji, the caffeine
content in the sample BA, BJ, BS still qualify
set.
Journal of Chemical Saintek and Education
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