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of Sides of a Quadrilateral
Objective
To show that the quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of the adjacent sides of
a quadrilateral is a parallelogram by paper folding.
Prerequisite Knowledge
Materials Required
Glazed papers, pencil, a pair of scissors, gluestick and tracing paper.
Procedure
8. Cut the quadrilateral PQRS along any diagonal (say RP) [fig.(iv)].
9. We will get two triangles ∆PSR and ∆PQR.
10. Now, overlap these two triangles. Two triangles coincide with each other [fig.(v)]
such that side PS overlaps with QR and PQ with SR.
Observation
We observe that two triangles coincide with each other which means two triangles are
congruent to each other. In a quadrilateral, two triangles cover each other completelv
along any diagonal, then the quadrilateral will be a parallelogram.
∴ ∆PQR = ∆PSR
i.e., ar (∆PQR) = ar(∆PSR)
∴ PQRS is a parallelogram.
Result
As the replica of ∆PQR exactly covers the replica of ∆PSR
∴ PQ = RS, QR=SP
∴ PQRS is a parallelogram.
Learning Outcome
We have verified by paper folding that the quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points
of adjacent sides of a quadrilateral will be a parallelogram. We also learnt that a
diagonal always divides the parallelogram into two triangles of equal areas.
Activity Time
What type of figures do you obtain?
Viva Voce
Question 1.
What do you mean by a quadrilateral ?
Answer:
A quadrilateral is a plane closed figure bounded by four line segments.
Question 2.
What are two main properties of a quadrilateral ?
Answer:
Question 3.
Is a parallelogram a quadrilateral ?
Answer:
Yes
Question 4.
Write two main properties of a parallelogram.
Answer:
Question 5.
In a parallelogram, if one angle is 90°, then what type of parallelogram you will get ?
Answer:
Rectangle.
Question 6.
Do you know any difference between a parallelogram and a trapezium ?
Answer:
In a parallelogram, two pairs of opposite sides are parallel. In a trapezium, one pair of
opposite sides is parallel.
Question 7.
What is the area of a parallelogram ?
Answer:
Base x corresponding altitude.
Question 8.
If base and altitude of a parallelogram are same, then what will be area of parallelogram
?
Answer:
Base x altitude.
Question 9.
If base and altitude of a parallelogram are same, then what type of parallelogram will be
obtained ?
Answer:
Square.
Question 10.
What do you mean by a parallelogram ?
Answer:
A parallelogram is a quadrilateral in which opposite sides are equal and parallel.
Question 11.
Write the name of different kinds of parallelograms.
Answer:
Rectangle, square and rhombus.
Question 12.
If you join the mid-points of consecutive sides of a quadrilateral, what shape will you
obtain ?
Answer:
Parallelogram.
Question 13.
Which theorem is used in this activity ?
Answer:
Mid-point theorem.
Question 14.
If you join the mid-points of consecutive sides of a rectangle, what figure will you obtain
?
Answer:
Rhombus.
Question 15.
If you join the mid-points of consecutive sides of a rhombus, what figure will you obtain
?
Answer:
Rectangle.
Question 1.
Name the quadrilateral formed by joining the mid¬points of the consecutive sides of a
square:
(i) rectangle
(ii) square
(iii) rhombus
(iv) none of these
Question 2.
The four triangles formed by joining the mid-points of three sides of a triangle are:
(i) congruent
(ii) non-congruent
(iii) similar
(iv) none of these
Question 3.
In the given figure ABCD, if P, Q, R and S are the mid-points of sides AB, BC, CD and
DA respectively, then:
(i) SR = 12 AC
(ii) SR = AC
(iii) SR = 13 AC
(iv) none of these
Question 4.
In ∆ABC, if E is the mid-point of AC, F lies on BC and EF // AB then:
(i) EF = 13 AB
(ii) EF = 12 AB
(iii) EF = AB
(iv) none of these
Question 5.
In a parallelogram, the figure formed by joining the mid-points of consecutive sides is :
(i) a rectangle
(ii) a rhombus
(iii) a square
(iv) none of these.
Question 6.
In a rhombus, diagonals bisect each other at an angle of:
(i) 45° and 135°
(ii) 60° and 120°
(iii) 90°
(iv) none of these
Question 7.
In a rectangle, diagonals are:
(i) equal
(ii) not equal
(iii) half of each other
(iv) none of these
Question 8.
The straight line joining the mid-points of the non¬parallel sides of a trapezium is
parallel to:
(i) parallel sides
(ii) non-parallel sides
(iii) one non-parallel side
(iv) none of these
Question 9.
The triangle formed by joining the mid-points of the sides of a right triangle is :
(i) a right triangle
(ii) an obtuse-angled triangle
(iii) an isosceles triangle
(iv) none of these
Question 10.
The triangle formed by joing the mid-points of the sides of an isosceles triangle is:
(i) an equilateral triangle
(ii) an isosceles triangle
(iii) a right-angled triangle
(iv) none of these
Answers
1. (ii)
2. (i)
3. (i)
4. (ii)
5. (iv)
6. (iii)
7. (i)
8. (i)
9. (i)
10. (ii)