Binder 1

Quiz I
1- At 17-1/2 inch surface hole is being drilled at 3750 feet the formation fluid
pressure is 2000 psi at this depth.
Is the formation fluid pressure?
o Above normal.
o Below normal.
o Normal.
2- What is meant by abnormal pressure?
o The excess pressure due to circulating mud at high rates.

o The excess pressure that needs to be applied to cause ‘leak-off’.
o Heavy weight mud used to give an overbalance.
o The formation fluid pressure that exceeds formation water hydrostatic
pressure.
3- A formation is over –pressured by an artesian effect
What has created the over-pressure?
o Compaction of the formation by the overburden pressure.

o A formation water source located at a higher level than the rig floor.
o The difference in density between oil and formation fluid.
4- What is the most common cause of abnormally high formation pressures

worldwide?
o Under–compacted shales.
o Carbonate layers.
o Depleted sands.
5- At depth of 1300ft the formation pressure is 650psi. This formation

pressure is:
o Abnormal pressure.
o Normal pressure.
o Sub normal pressure.
6- Abnormal pressure can be defined as:-

(Choose one answer)
o The overburden weight above a sandstone

o 0.465psi/ft fluid gradient
o Formation fluid pressure in excess of normal fluid gradient
o Excessive formation strength
7- Normal formation pressure gradient for continuous depositional basins is

generally assumed to be:
o 0.495 psi/ft
o 0.564 psi/ft
o 0.376 psi/ft
o 0.465 psi/ft
8- A gas bearing formation is over pressured by an artesian affect. Which of

the following conditions has created the overpressure?
o The formation water source located at a higher level than the rig floor.
o The difference in density between gas and formation fluid.
o Compaction of the formation from the above laying formation.
9- match the following definitions to the well control terms.
a. Hydrostatic pressure d. Formation fluid pressure

b. Pore space e. Max. allowable mud wt.
c. Porosity f. permeability
------ Pressure of formation fluids within the pore spaces.

------ Space that exists between the grains of rock.
------ The mud weight that would cause losses.
------ Pressure exerted by a column of fluid at rest.
------ Amount of space between the grains of rock, expressed in %.
------ Ability of rock to allow formation fluids to flow out.
10- Calculate the pressure that a barrel of 12ppg mud wt exerts
one. Around the drill collars if and annular capacity is 0.03 bls/ft
Answer:-----------psi.
Two. Around the drill pipe if the annular capacity is 0.05 bbls/ft
Answer:-----------psi.
11- If a formation pore pressure gradient at 8500ft is 0.489 psi/ft what mud
weight is required to give an over –balance of 200 psi?
Answer :------------- .
12- Match the descriptions on the right with the terms A to D by placing the
letters in the appropriate blanks. Use each letter only once, and only one
letter per blank.
1. ----- pressure of fluids in the formation.

2. ----- space between grains of rock.
3. ----- hydrostatic pressure.
4. -----ability of rock to allow fluid to move between pore spaces.
a. Formation fluid pressure

b. Pressure gradient x depth (TVD)
c. Permeability
d. Porosity
13- There are a variety of mechanisms that an cause abnormal formation fluid
pressures list 4 of the principle causes below.
Answer: (a): ----------

(b): ----------
(c): ----------
(d): ----------
14- While normal formation fluid gradients vary around the world they are
generally assumed to be:
o .495 psi/ft
o .564 psi/ft
o .833 psi/ft
o .465 psi/ft
15- The mud weight required in the hole to balance normal formation fluid
pressure would have to be:
o 8.3 ppg
o 10.3 ppg
o 8.9 ppg
o 9.5 ppg
16- How does the artesian effect cause abnormal pressure?
o Hydrostatic pressure of water in the rock is high due to water density.

o Pressure is high due to hydrostatic head of water source in nearby hills
(high ground).
o Gas has been pressured due to leaks in casing.
o Water in deeper formations has been faulted up to shallower depth.
17- Abnormal pressure in gas-cap drilling is due to:-
o Under compacted shales

o Low hydrostatic head of gas cap
o Faulting
o Artesian effect from nearby hills
Quiz II
1- After setting casing, which of the following actions are normally taken prior to
making a leak-off test?
(Two answers)
o Run bit close to bottom.

o Circulate the mud to get a uniform column of mud in the hole.
o Drill out the casing shoe approximately 15 feet in to new formation.
o Line up the mud pump to do the leak-off test at the slow circulating rate.
2- When should a leak-off test be carried out?
o Before drilling out casing shoe.

o Before running casing.
o Immediately after running and cementing casing.
o After drilling out the casing shoe and 5 t 15 feet of new formation.
3- Which of the following are needed for the calculation of an accurate formation
strength at the shoe?
(Three answers)
o Accurate pressure gauge.

o Accurate stroke counter.
o Accurate hole capacity.
o Exact vertical depth of casing shoe.
o Installation of retrievable packer approximately 1000 feet below the rig floor.
o Constant mud weight around the well.
4- To ensure that an accurate leak-off test result a number of parameters must be

accurately recorded.
Select those parameters from the following.

(Three answers)
o Measured depth of the casing shoe.

o Mud volume in the casing.
o Pumping time till leak-off starts.
o True vertical depth of the casing shoe.
o Mud volume pumped till leak-off starts.
o Mud weight in hole.
5- Which of the following is a definition of MAASP?

o The pressure in excess of mud hydrostatic that, if exceeded, is likely to cause
losses at the shoe.
o The maximum pressure allowed in the hole during a kill operation.
o The maximum pressure allowed on the drill pipe gauge during a kill operation
o The total pressure applied at the shoe that is likely to cause losses.
6- shoe TVD= 6000 feet.

Mud weigh= 11 ppg
Leak- off pressure = 900 psi
Calculate the maximum allowable mud weight.
o ------------- ppg
7- Well data
13-3/8 inch casing is set at 5,210 feet TVD. Formation strength at the shoe is
3,800 psi. Current mud weight = 10.6 ppg.
What is the maximum allowable annulus surface pressure (MAASP)
o 2,050 psi
o 555 psi
o 928 psi
o 1,800 psi
8- What will happen to MAASP if mud weight is increased?
o MAASP will stay the same.

o MAASP will increase.
o MAASP will decrease.
9- Which of the following affect maximum allowable annular surface pressure
(MAASP)?
(Three answers)
o The TVD of the last casing shoe.

o The maximum pump pressure.
o The mud weight in the hole.
o Viscosity and water loss of the mud.
o The fracture pressure of the formation at the shoe.
o The ID of the last casing string.
10 When should MAASP be recalculated?
o At the beginning of each shift.

o Immediately before entering a reservoir.
o After each bit change.
o After changing the mud weight.
11- Which of the following would give the highest MAASP?
o When formation breakdown pressure is much higher than mud hydrostatic

pressure.
o The casing shoe is set deep.
o When formation pressure is close to mud hydrostatic pressure.
o The casing shoe is set close to surface.
12- Which of the following have to be performed before taking a leak-off test?
(Choose three answers).
o Circulate the mud to get same weight all the way around.
o Line up through kill line and pump at the slow circulating rate
o To prevent damage to the formation, raise the bit up inside the shoe.
o Drill out the casing shoe and approximately 15 ft into new formation.
o To minimize chance of stuck pipe, raise the bit up inside the shoe.
13- When should a leak –off test be carried out? (Choose one answer)
o While waiting on cement to harden.

o After drilling out casing shoe 5 to 15 ft in new formation.
o Before running casing
o Before drilling out the casing shoe.
14- The casing shoe has been drilled out and 15 ft of new hole made. A leak-off test is
to be carried out, but the mud in the wellbore is not the same density all round.
Which of the following actions would give the most accurate leak-off test results?
(Choose one answer).
o Stop the pump after 10 barrels has been pumped then read the drill pipe pressure.
o Condition the mud until mud density in the well is constant. Then carry out the
leak-of test.
o Pump at slow circulation rate until fracture pressure is reached.
o Pump down drill string at slow circulating rate and read drillpipe pressure.
15- What happens to MAASP if the mud weight is increased? (Choose one answer)

16- Which of the following can affect MAASP. (Choose three answer)
o Annular volume.
o Ph of the mud.
o Shoe depth.
o Mud weight.
o The maximum pressure the pump can handle.
o The fracture pressure of the formation at the casing shoe.
17- 9-5/8 inch casing set at 8900 ft TVD. Formation strength at the shoe is 6350 psi.
Mud weight is 11 ppg.
Calculate MAASP? (Choose one answer)

o 5091 psi
o 1260psi
o 3832 psi
o 685 psi
QUIZE # 3
1- Change the following to mud weights:
a) .465 psi /ft = ---------

b) .728 psi /ft = ---------
2- Change the following to gradients:

97 pcf = ---------
3- While pulling out of the hole, at which point is the most critical to keep the hole
full before pulling another stand?
a) When the first few stands are pulled off bottom

b) When pulling drill collars
c) When the drill collars enter the casing
4- Of all the system pressure losses in a circulating system, which one is the
exerted just on the formation?
a) Pressure loss in the surface equipment

b) Pressure loss in the annulus
c) Pressure loss through the drill string
d) All of the above
5- The rate at which a formation will flow into a wellbore depends on:
a) Porosity and permeability of formation

b) Degree of hydrostatic underbalance
c) Type of formation fluid
d) All of the above
6- What is the influx contaminent? If 21.7 bbl were gained from a 8-3/8” hole
with 720 feet of 6-1/4” drill collars (0.03018 bbl/ft annular volume) and shut in
drill pipe pressure was 370, shut in casing pressure 670, with 80 pcf mud in the
hole;
a) Gas
b) Oil
c) Water
d) Salt water
QUIZ #3
1- When pipe is tripped out of the hole, you should expect the mud level to—
a. Decrease.
b. Increase.
c. Stay the same
2- If pipe is tripped in to the hole too fast, surging can occur, which may result
in—
a. An increase in bottomhole pressure.

b. A decrease in bottomhole pressure.
c. No change in bottomhole pressure.
3- surging can lead to –
a. Formation fracturing.
b. A kick.
c. Lost circulation.
d. All the above.
4- the most common mistake made by the crew when tripping out of the hole is—
a. Surging.
b. Fracturing the formation.
c. Not keeping the hole full of mud.
d. Not checking for a change in cutting size.
5- swabbing is—
a. Caused by tripping pipe out too fast.

b. A momentary reduction in the bottomhole pressure.
c. One cause of kick when tripping.
d. All of the above.
Place the item on the right in the order you would expect them to occur in a porous and
permeable formation. Place the letters in the correct sequence in the spaces.
6- -------- a. A blowout occurs.
7- -------- b. Swabbing occurs.
8- -------- c. Crew begins to trip out of the hole.
9- -------- d. A kick begins.
10- -------- e. Hydrostatic pressure in the well falls significantly.

11- The greatest amount of circulating pressure is lost as drilling mud passes
through the –
a. Annulus.
b. Drill stem.
c. Bit nozzles.
d. Return line.
12- gas cut mud is usually observable at the –
a. Mud pump.
b. Driller’s console.
c. Mud pit.
d. Rotary hose.
13- If we are pumping 10 barrels per minute in to the well, and 12 barrels per
minute is returning to the mud pits, we have—
a. A kick.
b. Surging.
c. A fractured formation.
d. A drilling break.
14- What is the influx contaminant? If 21.7 bbl were gained from a 8-3/8” hole
with 720 feet of 6-1/4” drill collars (0.03018 bbl/ft annular volume) and shut in
drill pipe pressure was 370, shut in casing pressure 670, with 11ppg mud in the
hole;
a) Gas
b) Oil & Gas
c) Salt water
Quiz IV
1- a drilling break means—
a. The drill pipe has broken.

b. A sudden change in the drilling rate.
c. The end of the tour.
d. The time it takes to make a complete trip.
2- the best indication that a kick is in progress is—
a. A positive flow test.

b. A drilling break.
c. An increase in pit volume.
d. A show of gas in the mud.
You are drilling at 14,823 feet. The drilling rate has recently increased from 4 feet per
hour to 6 feet per hour. The mud engineer told you to tell the driller that the salinity
(salt content) of the returning mud has increase. Also, the derrickman has noticed that
the cuttings have increased in size. The driller has shut off the mud pump, and there
is no flow from the mud return line.
3- In the position described above, a kick probably –
a. Could occur.
b. Could not occur.
c. Has occurred.
4- place an X in the space before the warning signs that did occur.
a. ------- drilling break

b. ------- increased rotary torque
c. ------- change in cutting size
d. ------- gas-cut mud
e. ------- change in the mud composition
5- The first warning sign to appear was—
a. a change in the mud composition.

b. A change in the cutting size.
c. a drilling break.
d. A driller yelling, “be careful!”
6- This situation was probably caused by—
a. Increasing the drilling speed.

b. A dull bit.
c. Drilling into a new type formation.
d. Drilling below 14,000 feet.
Quiz # 4
1- A kick is most likely to occur through failure to fill the hole when:
□ The first few stands are pulled

□ The drill collars are pulled out of the hole
□ The drill collars are pulled into the casing
2- Which one of the following is a major cause of swabbing?
□ Low plastic viscosity and gel strength of the mud

□ Pipe pulled too fast
□ Improper mud weight
□ Running in too fast
□ Improper E.C.D (Equivalent Circulating Density)
3- Which of the following factors increases the chance of swabbing.
□ High viscosity mud

□ Balled bit, collars or stabilizers
□ Pulling pipe too fast
□ Small collar to hole wall clearance
□ All of the above
4- Due to failure to fill the hole when pulling pipe, the mud level in the hole drops
580 ft. causing the sell to flow. The mud weight is 11.9 ppg and the T.V.D is
9500 ft. what is the bottom hole pressure when the well starts to flow?
□ 5750 psi □ 5880 psi □ 5520 psi □ 5430 psi
5- Which of the following causes of well kicks is totally avoidable and due to lack of
alertness by the driller?
□ Lost circulation
□ Gas cut mud
□ Failure to fill hole during trip
□ Abnormal formation pressures
6- When running in the hole the measured volume of mud displaced is less than
calculated. What could be the cause?
□ The well is flowing

□ Formation fluid was swabbed in during the trip out
□ The formation is taking fluid
7- Kicks will commonly occur-
□ If formation pressure is less than mud hydrostatic

□ When drilling mud has a low viscosity
□ When formation pressure is greater than mud hydrostatic
□ If the hole is kept full during trips
8- The majority of kicks
□ Occur without any warning

□ Can be prevented if warning signs are noted
□ Develop into blowouts
9- You are drilling ahead when you notice increasing drill rate, slight torque rise and
small amounts of gas in the mud. What action would you take?
□ Carry on, all is OK

□ check for flow, if none, pull out of the hole
□ check for flow, if none, carry on drilling but inform your boss and watch
instruments closely
□ check for flow, if none, circulate and call boss to the floor immediately
10- The best indicator of a kick taking place is:
□ increased flow rate

□ drilling break
□ pit gain
□ well flowing with pumps off
11- Swabbing indicates
□ momentary loss in bottom hole pressure

□ lost circulation
□ good mud condition
□ all of the above
12- A drilling break occurs, you check for flow- negative. One hour later the mud
returning is gas cut, you check for flow – negative. What has happened?
□ Well is kicking
□ Less porous formation
□ High pressure high volume formation
□ Gas has com from the drilled formation
13- using the following data calculate the mud required to fill the hole during a trip.
5” DP: - capacity = .0178 bbls/ft stand length 93’

Steel disp.=.008 bbls/ft
5” HWDP:- capacity= .0087 bbls/ft stand length 93’

Steel disp.=.018 bbls/ft
8”DC:- capacity= .0077 bbls/ft stand length 90’

Steel disp= .059 bbls/ft
Calculate volume to fill the hole per stand when pulling ‘dry’ for:-
Drill pipe ---------------- bbls/ stand
HWDP ---------------- bbls/ stand
DC ---------------- bbls/ stand
Calculate volume to fill the hole per stand when pulling ‘wet’ (no returns to trip
tank) for:-
Drill pipe ---------------- bbls/ stand
HWDP ---------------- bbls/ stand
DC ---------------- bbls/ stand
14- match the descriptions on the right with the terms A to D by placing the letters in
the appropriate blanks. Use each letter only once, and only one letter per blank.
1. ----------------- Loss of mud to formation.

2. ----------------- Influx whilst tripping.
3. ----------------- Mud hydrostatic above formation.
4. ----------------- Influx of formation fluid.
a. Over balance
b. Kick
c. Lost circulation
d. Swabbing
15- Mud Wt = 10 ppg

Metal displacement = .0075 bbls /ft
Pipe capacity = .0178 bbls/ft
Casing capacity = .0758 bbls/ft
Stand length = 93 ft
Calculate:
1. mud hydrostatic pressure drop if one stand of pipe is pulled ‘dry’ from the well.
= ------------- psi
2. mud hydrostatic pressure drip if one stand of pipe is pulled ‘wet’ from the well
(no returns from inside of pipe back to the well)’
=-------------- psi
16- What is influx contaminant? If 21.7 bbl were gained from a 8-3/8" hole with 720
feet of 6-1/4" drill collars (0.03018 bbl/ft annular volume) and shut in drill
pressure was 370, shut in casing pressure 670, with 10.5 ppg mud in the hole;
□ gas
□ oil
□ water
□ salt water
Quiz #5
1- What is the choke manifold line up for a soft shut-in procedure whilst drilling?
□ BOP side outlet hydraulic valve (HCR) open.

Remote choke open.
Valve upstream of the mud-gas separator closed.
□ BOP side outlet hydraulic valve (HCR) closed.
Remote choke open.
Valve upstream of the mud-gas separator open.
Remote choke closed.
Valve upstream of the mud-gas separator closed.
Valve upstream of the mud-gas separator open.
2- What is the choke manifold line up for a hard shut – in procedure whilst drilling?

Choke line open to remote choke.
Remote choke open.
Remote choke open.
Choke line open through manual choke.
Manual choke open.
3- The well kicks while tripping.

Which of the following actions should be taken to shut the well in using the hard shut in?
□ Stab full opening safety valve.

Open BOP side outlet hydraulic valve(HCR).
Space out for tool joint.
Close BOP.
Close choke.
Record pressure.
□ Space out for tool joint.
Close the BOP.
Stab full opening safety valve.
Close the safety valve.
Open choke.
Record pressure.
□ Stab full opening safety valve.
Close BOP.
Open BOP side outlet hydraulic valve(HCR).
Record pressure.
□ Open side outlet hydraulic valve (HCR) and remote choke.
Space out for tool joint
Close BOP
Stab full opening safety valve
Close safety valve.
Record pressure.
4- When tripping out of the hole with 40 stands still to pull the well flows.
How do we shut the well in using the soft shut –in method?
□ Open BOP side outlet hydraulic valve (HCR).

Close BOP
Close safety valve.
Close choke.
Record pressure.
□ Stab full opening safety valve
Close the safety valve
Open BOP side outlet hydraulic valve(HCR)
Close BOP.
Close choke.
Record pressure.
□ Close BOP.
Open choke.
Record pressure.
Close BOP.
Close choke.
Record pressure.
5- When picking up to check for flow the pumps are usually kept running , why?
□ To take a slow circulating rate pressure.

□ To check the pressure losses in the annulus.
□ To clean the bottom of the hole of cuttings.
□ To maximize the pressure on the bottom of the hole.
6- Whilst tripping out of the hole the well starts flowing.

What is the first action that should be taken?
□ Stab a drillstring safety valve and shut the well in.

□ Pull back to shoe and shut in.
□ Run back to bottom as quickly as possible.
□ Close the annular and make up the top drive or Kelly.
7- Why should the well be shut in quickly after a kick has been detected?
□ To minimize the shut in drill pipe pressure (SIDPP).

□ To reduce the migration speed of the influx.
□ To minimize the size of the influx.
8- Put the following five steps in the correct sequence to shut the well in using the soft shut-
in procedure (according to APIRP59).
□ -------- close the BOP.

□ -------- Open the BOP side outlet hydraulic valve(HCR)
□ -------- With choke already open, position the drill sting correctly.
□ -------- Close the choke.
□ -------- Stop the pumps.
9- What is the choke manifold line up for the soft shut –in procedure whilst drilling?

Choke line open through remote choke.
Remote choke open.
Choke line open through manually operated choke
Manual choke closed.
Remote choke open.
10- Which of the following describes the hard shut-in procedure for a surface stack according
to APIRP59?
□ With remote choke open, position the drill string correctly.

Stop the pumps.
Close BOP
Close the choke.
Record pressures.
□ With remote choke closed, position the drill string correctly
Stop the pumps.
Close BOP
Record pressures.
□ With remote choke closed, position the drill string correctly
Stop the pumps.
Close BOP
Open BOP side outlet hydraulic valve (HCR)
Record pressures.
11- Which of the following describes the soft shut-in procedure when the well is observed to
be flowing while tripping?
□ Stab open drill pipe safety valve.

Space out to clear tool joints from ram.
Close BOP
Close choke.
Record pressures.
□ Open BOP side outlet hydraulic valve (HCR)
Space out to clear tool joints from ram
Close BOP
Stab open drill pipe safety valve.
Close drill pipe safety valve.
Close remote choke.
Record pressures.
□ Space out to clear tool joints from ram
Close the BOP
Stab open drill pipe safety valve.
Open choke.
Record pressures.
□ Stab open drill pipe safety valve.
Space out to clear tool joints from ram
Close BOP
Close choke.
12- When drilling with a surface BOP how should the stack and choke manifold be set up for
a soft shut-in?
(Three answers)
□ Remote choke open.

□ BOP side outlet hydraulic valve open
□ Remote choke closed.
□ Choke line open through remote choke.
□ BOP side outlet hydraulic valve(HCR) closed.
□ Choke line closed through remote choke
13- Which of the following correctly describes the soft shut-in procedure according to
APIRP59?
□ With choke already open.

Pick up off bottom, shut down pumps.
Open BOP side outlet hydraulic valve (HCR).
Close the BOP.
Close the choke.
Record pressure.
□ With choke already closed.
Pick up off the bottom.
Shut down pumps.
Close the BOP.
Record pressure.
14- Which of the following describes the APIRP59 hard shut- in procedure?
□ With choke already closed

Pick up off bottom
Shut down pumps.
Close the BOP.
Record pressure.
□ With choke already open.
Pick up off the bottom.
Shut down pumps.
Close the BOP.
Close the choke.
Record pressure.
15- Listed below are two procedures to shut- in the well:
1. With choke open, Pick up off the bottom, shut down pumps, Open side outlet valve on
BOP, Close BOP, close the choke, Record pressure.
2. With choke closed, Pick up off bottom, shut down pumps, Close BOP, Open side outlet
valve on BOP, Record pressure.
Which procedure above is:-

Hard shut-in procedure number: --------
soft shut-in procedure number: --------
16- How should the choke manifold be lined up, when drilling, for a soft shut-in procedure?
(Tick the appropriate box below).
Tick here:
a. Side outlet valve on BOP closed.
Choke line open through remote adjustable choke.
Remote adjustable choke closed.
b. Side outlet valve on BOP open.
Remote choke open.
c. Side outlet valve on BOP open.
d. Side outlet valve on BOP closed.
Remote adjustable choke open.
17- How should the choke manifold be lined up, when drilling, for a hard shut-in procedure?
(Tick the appropriate box below).
Tick here:
a. Side outlet valve on BOP closed.
Remote adjustable choke closed.
b. Side outlet valve on BOP open.
Remote choke open.
c. Side outlet valve on BOP open.
d. Side outlet valve on BOP closed.
Remote adjustable choke open.
18- The well starts to flow when tripping out of the hole. Which of the following actions
should be taken to close the well in using the soft shut-in? (Choose one answer).
□ Close the BOP

Open choke

Open BOP side outlet hydraulic valve
Close BOP
Close choke
□ Open BOP side outlet hydraulic valve

Close BOP
Close choke

Open BOP side outlet hydraulic valve
Close BOP
Close choke
19- Why is it important to shut the well in quickly if a kick is detected?

(Choose one answer).
□ Keep kick volume as small as possible.
□ Prevent gas migration.
□ Keep SIDPP as small as possible
20- What action should be taken if the well flows while tripping out of the hole?
(Choose one answer)
□ Install a safety valve on drill string and shut the well in.
□ Run back to bottom immediately.
□ Continue pulling out of hole.
□ Close BOP then install Kelly or top drive.
21- Using the BOP configuration shown below answer the following questions.
ANNULAR
BLIND SHEAR RAM
Kill line spool Choke line

HCR HCR
RAM
a. with drill pipe in the hole, is it possible to shut the well in under pressure and repair the side
outlets on the drilling spool?
o Yes
o No
b. with no drill pipe in the hole, is it possible to shut the well in under pressure and repair the
drilling spool?
o Yes
o No
c. is it possible to shut the well in with drill pipe in the hole and circulate through the drill pipe?
o Yes
o No
d. with drill pipe in the hole, and the well shut in under pressure with the annular preventer, is it
possible to circulate through the kill line and choke line?
o Yes
o No
e. with no drill pipe in the hole, is it possible to shut the well in under pressure using the
annular preventer and change pipe rams to blind rams?
o Yes
o No
f. while replacing the ring gasket on the drilling spool choke line flange the well starts to flow.
There is no drill pipe in the hole. Can the well be shut in under pressure?
o Yes
o No
22- using the BOP configuration shown below answer the following questions.
ANNULAR
BLIND SHEAR RAM
RAM

HCR HCR
a. with no drill pipe in the hole, is it possible to shut the well in under pressure and repair the
side outlets on the drilling spool?
o Yes
o No
b. with no drill pipe in the hole, is it possible to shut the well in under pressure and repair the
drilling spool?
o Yes
o No
c. is it possible to shut the well in with drill pipe in the hole and circulate through the drill pipe?
o Yes
o No
d. while changing blind rams to pipe rams with drill pipe in the hole the well starts to flow. Can
the well be shut in?
o Yes
o No
e. with no drill pipe in the hole, is it possible to shut the well in under pressure and change the
pipe rams?
o Yes
o No
f. with drill pipe in the hole, is it possible to shut the well in under pressure and change blind
rams to pipe rams?
o Yes
o No
23- Which of the following affect the shut in drill pipe pressure?
(TWO ANSWERS)
o Mud weight in drill string.

o Size of influx.
o Annular volume from bit to shoe.
o Influx gradient.
o Formation fluid pressure.
24- A vertical well with a surface BOP stack is shut in on a kick. The pressure readings are as
follows:
Shut in pope pressure 350 psi

Shut in casing pressure 450 psi
What is the reason for the difference in the two readings?
o The influx is inside the drill string.

o The influx has a lower density than the mud.
o The BOP was closed too fast causing trapped pressure.
o The influx has a higher than the mud.
QUIZ # 6
WELLGEOMETRY & PRE-RECORDED DATA
Well Depth: 8762 ft M.D. 8762 T.V.D.

13-3/8" casing shoe: 4734 ft M.D. 4734 ft. T.V.D.
LEAK – OFF test result using 11 ppg mud weight 1175 psi
BIT SIZE 12-1/4"
STRING DATA
Drill pipe 5" 19.5 lb/ft capacity 0.0178 bbl/ft

Drill collars 8" OD. Length 530 ft, capacity 0.0087 bbl/ft
DP/CSG annulus volume 0.1279 bbl/ft
DP/OH annulus volume 0.1215 bbl/ft
DC/OH annulus volume 0.0836 bbl/ft
MUD & CIRCULATION DATA
Mud weight 11.4 ppg

Mud pump output 0.119 bbl/stk
Slow circulating pressure (Pcl) 360 @ 30 spm
SHUT IN DATA
Shut in drill pipe pressure (Pdp) 590 psi

Shut in casing pressure (Pann) 660 psi
Kick volume 12 bbls
COMPLETE THE IWCF SURFACE BOP KILL SHEET
1. What is the kill mud weight required to balance the formation?
a. 12.2 ppg
b. 11.4 ppg
c. 12.4 ppg
d. 12.7 ppg
2. How many strokes to pump kill mud from surface to bit?
a. 982 strokes
b. 1265 strokes
c. 1167 strokes
d. 942 strokes
3. How many strokes from the bit to the casing shoe?
a. 2553 strokes
b. 2210 strokes
c. 3944 strokes
d. 1281 strokes
4. What is the total annular volume?
a. 1075 bbl
b. 953 bbl
c. 891 bbl
d. 1005 bbl
5. What is the initial circulating pressure?
a. 850 psi
b. 780 psi
c. 950 psi
d. 480 psi
6. What is the final circulating pressure?
a. 480 psi
b. 780 psi
c. 400 psi
d. 850 psi
7. What is the gradient of influx psi/ft
a. 0.293 psi/ft
b. 0.498 psi/ft
c. 0.103 psi/ft
d. 0.065 psi/ft
8. Approximately how long will it take to circulate kill mud around the well at 30 spm?
a. approx 4 hrs. 45 mins.

b. approx 5 hrs. 40 mins.
c. approx 4 hrs. 30 mins.
d. approx 6 hrs. 30 mins.
9. What is the MASSP at the time of the well shut in?
a. 1000 psi
b. 1080 psi
c. 865 psi
d. 800 psi
10. What is the new MAASP , once the kill mud has been circulated around the well?
a. 1075 psi
b. 550 psi
c. 865 psi
d. 755 psi
1- Which of the following factors increases the chance of swabbing?
o high viscosity mud

o balled bit, collars or stabilizer
o pulling pipe too fast
o small collar to hole wall clearance
o all of the above
2- Due to failure to fill the hole when pulling pipe, the mud level in the hole drops
580 ft. causing the well to flow. The mud weight is 11.9 ppg and the T.V.D is
9500ft. what is the bottom hole pressure when the well starts to flow?
o 5750 psi
o 5880 psi
o 5520 psi
o 5430 psi
3- Which of the following causes of well kicks is totally avoidable and due to lack of
alertness by the driller?
o lost circulation
o gas cut mud
o failure to fill hole during trip
o abnormal formation pressure
4- The majority of kicks
o occur without any warning

o can be prevented if warning signs are noted
o develop into blowouts
5- A drilling break occurs, you check for flow – negative, one hour later the mud
returning is gas cut. You check for flow-negative. What has happened?
o well is kicking
o less porous formation
o high pressure high volume formation
o gas has come from the drilled formation
6- To ensure that an accurate leak – off test result a number of parameters must be
accurately recorded.
Select those parameters from the following.
(THREE ANSWERS)
o Measured depth of the casing shoe.

o Mud volume in the casing.
o Pumping time till leak-off starts.
o True vertical depth of the casing shoe.
o Mud volume pumped till leak- off starts.
o Mud weight in hole.
7- Which of the following is a definition of MAASP?
o The pressure in excess of mud hydrostatic that, if exceeded, is likely to cause

losses at the shoe.
o The maximum pressure allowed in the hole during a kill operation.
o The maximum pressure allowed on the drill pipe gauge during a kill operation
8- Shoe TVD= 6000feet.

Mud weight = 11ppg
Leak – off pressure= 900 psi
Calculate the maximum allowable mud weight.
o ………… ppg
9- WELL DATA:
13-3/8 inch casing is set at 5,210 feet TVD. Formation strength at the shoe is
3,800 psi. Current mud weight = 10.6 ppg
What is the maximum allowable annulus surface pressure (MAASP)
o 2,050 psi
o 555 psi
o 928 psi
o 1,800 psi
10- What will happen to MAASP if mud weight is increased?

11- Using the BOP configuration shown below answer the following questions.
ANNULAR
BLIND SHEAR RAM

HCR HCR
RAM
a. with drill pipe in the hole, is it possible to shut the well in under pressure and repair
the side outlets on the drilling spool?
o Yes
o No
b. with no drill pipe in the hole, is it possible to shut the well in under pressure and
repair the drilling spool?
o Yes
o No
c. is it possible to shut the well in with drill pipe in the hole and circulate through the
drill pipe?
o Yes
o No
d. with drill pipe in the hole, and the well shut in under pressure with the annular
preventer, is it possible to circulate through the kill line and choke line?
o Yes
o No
e. with no drill pipe in the hole, is it possible to shut the well in under pressure using the
annular preventer and change pipe rams to blind rams?
o Yes
o No
f. while replacing the ring gasket on the drilling spool choke line flange the well starts
to flow. There is no drill pipe in the hole. Can the well be shut in under pressure?
o Yes
o No
12- using the BOP configuration shown below answer the following questions.
ANNULAR
BLIND SHEAR RAM
RAM

HCR HCR
a. with no drill pipe in the hole, is it possible to shut the well in under pressure and
repair the side outlets on the drilling spool?
o Yes
o No
b. with no drill pipe in the hole, is it possible to shut the well in under pressure and
repair the drilling spool?
o Yes
o No
c. is it possible to shut the well in with drill pipe in the hole and circulate through the
drill pipe?
o Yes
o No
d. while changing blind rams to pipe rams with drill pipe in the hole the well starts to
flow. Can the well be shut in?
o Yes
o No
e. with no drill pipe in the hole, is it possible to shut the well in under pressure and
change the pipe rams?
o Yes
o No
f. with drill pipe in the hole, is it possible to shut the well in under pressure and change
blind rams to pipe rams?
o Yes
o No
13- Which of the following affect the shut in drill pipe pressure?
(TWO ANSWERS)
o Mud weight in drill string.

o Size of influx.
o Annular volume from bit to shoe.
o Influx gradient.
o Formation fluid pressure.
14- A vertical well with a surface BOP stack is shut in on a kick. The pressure readings
are as follows:
Shut in pope pressure 350 psi

Shut in casing pressure 450 psi
What is the reason for the difference in the two readings?
o The influx is inside the drill string.

o The influx has a lower density than the mud.
o The BOP was closed too fast causing trapped pressure.
o The influx has a higher than the mud.
15- A well has been shut in on a kick. The drill pipe pressure is zero because there is a
float (non-return) valve in the string.
How can you find the shut in drill pipe pressure?
o Bring the pump up to kill rate holding the casing pressure constant by opening the
choke. The pressure shown when the pump is at kill rate is the shut in drill pipe
pressure.
o Shear the pipe and read the drill pipe pressure directly off the casing gauge.
o Pump very slowly in to the drill string with the well shut in. When casing
pressure starts to rise, stop the pump and read the pressure. This is the shut in drill
pipe pressure.
o Pump at 2 barrels per minute into the annulus with the well shut in. when the
pressure equalizes the float will open. This pump pressure is the shut in drill pipe
pressure.
16- WELL DATA
Shut in drill pipe pressure= 300 psi

Mud weight= 10.0 ppg
A salt-water kick has been taken, filling 250 feet of the annulus.
Salt water weight= 8.6 ppg

From the data above calculate the shut in casing pressure?
o 18 psi.
o 318 psi
o 430 psi
o 412 psi
17- what is the choke manifold line up for a soft shut – in procedure whilst drilling?
o BOP side outlet hydraulic valve (HCR) open.

Remote choke open.
Valve upstream of the mud – gas separator closed.
o BOP side outlet hydraulic valve (HCR) closed.

Remote choke open.
Valve upstream of the mud – gas separator open.
o BOP side outlet hydraulic valve (HCR) open.

Valve upstream of the mud – gas separator closed.

Valve upstream of the mud – gas separator open.
18- What is the choke manifold line up for a hard shut – in procedure whilst drilling?

o BOP side outlet hydraulic valve (HCR)open.

Remote choke open.

Remote choke open.
BOP side outlet hydraulic valve (HCR) closed.
Manual choke open.
19- The well kicks while tripping.

Which of the following actions should be taken to shut the well in using the hard shut
in?
o Stab full opening safety valve.

Close BOP.
Close choke.
Record pressure.
Close the BOP.
Open choke.
Record pressure.
o Stab full opening safety valve

Close BOP.
Record pressure.
o Open side outlet hydraulic valve (HCR) and remote choke.

Close bp.
Close safety valve.
Record pressure.
20- when picking up to check for flow the pumps are usually kept running, why?
o To take a slow circulating rate pressure.
o To check the pressure losses in the annulus.
o To clean the bottom of the hole of cuttings.
o To maximize the pressure on the bottom of the hole.
21- Whilst tripping out of the hole the well starts flowing.
What is the first action that should be taken?
o Stab a drill string safety valve and shut the well in.
o Pull back to shoe and shut in.
o Run back to bottom as quickly as possible.
o Close the annular and make up the top drive or Kelly.
22- Why should the well be shut in quickly after a kick has been detected?
o To minimize the shut in drill pipe pressure (SIDPP).
o To reduce the migration speed of the influx.
o To minimize the size of the influx.
1. Prior to starting to pull out of the hole a heavy slug was pumped into the
drill pipe followed by 15 barrels of 13.2 ppg mud.
Drill pipe capacity= 0.0174 bbl/ft

Annulus capacity DP/Casing=0.0510 bbl/ft
Density of drilling fluid = 13.2 ppg
Density of slug = 16.5 ppg
Volume of slug inside the drill pipe = 20 bbl
Well depth = 9,600 ft
Use the data to calculate the distance between the drilling fluid level in the
drill pipe and in the flowline after the slug has been pumped.
 287 ft
 270 ft
 207 ft
2. If the driller pulls all 400 ft of 8" OD x 2-13/16" ID drill collars out of the
hole, including the bit, without filling the hole, what would be the
reduction in bottom hole pressure?
Data:
Mud weight= 11.8 ppg
Casing capacity= 0.1545 bbl/ft
Metal displacement = 0.0545 bbl.ft
 88.6 psi
 134 psi
 234 psi
3. What is the correct procedure for determining the initial circulating

pressure if the slow pump pressure is not known?
 Add SIDPP + SICP = ICP

 Bring the pumps up to the desired kill speed holding casing pressure
constant at the SICP value and then read the drillpipe pressure gauge as
the correct ICP.
 No excuse, you must know the slow pump pressure.
4. With the well shut in on a kick, the SIDPP plus the hydrostatic pressure of
the mud in the drill string equals:
 Casing pressure.
 Degree of underbalance.
 Bottomhole pressure.
5. A driller observes a warning sign for a kick, why is it better to continue

pumping while raising the pipe to the shut in position?
 To minimize down time.

 To minimize the amount of influx by keeping the annular pressure loss
as long as possible.
 To identify the type of influx as soon as possible.
6. While tripping out of the hole the well is swabbed in. The mud weight in
the well is 10.0 ppg and the well depth is 10,500 ft TVD. Formation
pressure is 5,410 psi. if the swab pressure is 125 psi, with sufficient
permeability, will the well flow?
 Yes
 No
7. A vertical well is shut- in after a gas kick has been taken. The bit is 1,000
ft off bottom and the influx is totally beneath the bit. Shut – in drill pipe
pressure is 500 psi. What will shut – in casing pressure be (most likely)?
 The same as the shut-in drill pipe pressure.

 Higher than the shut-in drill pipe pressure.
 Lower than the shut-in drill pipe pressure.
HOMEWORK #1
1. Convert the following mud density into pressure gradient.

a. 13.5ppg ---------------- psi/ft
2- Convert the following gradients into mud densities.

a. 0.806 psi / ft ---------------- ppg
b. 0.494 psi/ ft ----------------- ppg
3- Calculate the hydrostatic pressure for the following.

a. 9.5 ppg mud at 9000ft MD/ 8000 ft TVD = ---------------
b. 0.889 psi/ ft mud at 11000 ft MD/ 9000 ft TVD = ---------------
4- Convert the following pressures into equivalent mud weights in PPG.

a. 3495 psi at 7000 ft = -----------------
b. 12000 ft MD/ 10500 ft TVD with 9000 psi = -----------------
5- Assuming a 10 ppg mud is being circulated at 700 GPM at a depth of 10000 ft

TVD/MD the circulating pump pressure is 3000 psi. If the circulating friction
losses in the system are as follows:
Pressure losses through pipe /collars 1200 psi

Pressure loss across the bit jets 1600 psi
Pressure loss in the annulus 200 psi
a. When circulating what is the dynamic bottom hole pressure?
Answer -----------------
b. What is the static bottom hole pressure?
Answer -----------------
c. What is the equivalent circulating density ECD?
Answer -----------------
d. If the pump speed is increased to give 800 GPM, what will the pump
pressure be?
Answer -----------------
e. Will this increase in the pump speed have any effect on bottom hole
pressure?
Answer YES/ NO
f. Referring to the data given above, if the mud weight being circulated at
700 GPM was 12 ppg rather than 10 ppg, what would pump pressure be?
Answer -----------------
6- When circulating a 12 ppg mud at 10000 ft ECD is 12.3 ppg. What is the annular
pressure loss?
Answer -----------------
7- Calculate the pressure that one barrel of 12 ppg mud Wt exerts.
a. Around the drill collars if the annular capacity is 0.03 bbls/ ft.
Answer -----------------
b. Around the drill pipe if the annular capacity is 0.05 bbls/ ft.
Answer -----------------
8- If the fluid level in a well bore fell by 480 ft, what is the reduction in bottom hole
pressure if the mud weight is 12 ppg?
Answer -----------------
9- if a 12 ppg mud over – balances the formation pressure by 240 psi theoretically
how far could the mud level fall before going under – balance?
Answer -----------------
10- Drilling at 12700 ft with an 8-1/2" bit, the drill pipe is 5" with 700 ft of 6-1/2"
collars. The mud weight = 12 ppg. The yield point of the mud is 12 lbs / 100ft2.
Use the equation given below to determine ECD.
Answer -----------------
YP  L
Annular- pressure loss=
200( DH  DP )
Where YP = yield point of mud in lbs/ 100 ft2

L = length of annulus, collar or pipe
DH = hole diameter
DP = collar or pipe diameter
11- If a formation pore pressure gradient at 8500 ft is 0.486 psi/ft, what mud weight is
required to give an over- balance of 200 psi?
Answer -----------------
1
SCORE
1. Convert the following mud densities into pressure gradients.
a. 13.5 ppg _____________ psi/ft

b. 16 ppg _____________ psi/ft
c. 12 ppg _____________ psi/ft 2
2. Convert the following gradients into mud densities. a.
0.806 psi/ft _____________ ppg
b. 0.598 psi/ft _____________ ppg

c. 0.494 psi/ft _____________ ppg 2
3. Calculate the hydrostatic pressure for the following.
a. 9.5 ppg mud at 9000ft MD/8000 ft TVD = _____________

b. 15.5 ppg mud at 18000ft TVD/21000ft MD = _____________
c. 0.889 psi/ft mud at 11000ft MD/9000ft TVD = _____________ 2
4. Convert the following pressures into equivalent mud weights in PPG.
a. 3495 psi at 7000ft = _____________

b. at 4000ft with 2787 psi = _____________
c. 12000ft MD/10500ft TVD with 9000 psi = _____________ 2
5. High bottom hole temperatures could affect the hydrostatic pressure gradients
resulting in:
a. An increase in the hydrostatic gradient

b. A decrease in the hydrostatic gradient
c. Would have no effect 2
SCORE
6. Assuming a 10 ppg mud is being circulated at 700 GPM at a depth of 10000ft
TVD/MD the circulating pump pressure is 3000 psi. If the circulating
friction losses in the system are as follows:
Pressure losses through pipe/collars 1200 psi Pressure loss across

the bit jets 1600 psi
Pressure loss in the annulus 200 psi
a. When circulating what is the dynamic bottom hole pressure?
Answer..................... 2
b. What is the static bottom hole pressure?
Answer..................... 2
c. What is the equivalent circulating density ECD?
Answer..................... 2
d. If the pump speed is increased to give 800 GPM, what will the pump
pressure be?
Answer..................... 2
e. Will this increase in the pump speed have any effect on bottom hole
pressure?
Answer YES/NO 2
f. Referring to the data given above, if the mud weight being circulated
at 700 GPM was 12 ppg rather than 10 ppg, what would pump
pressure be?
Answer...................... 2
7. When circulating a 12 ppg mud at 10000ft ECD is 12.3 ppg. What is the
annular pressure loss?
Answer...................... 2
SCORE
8. Calculate the pressure that one barrel of 12 ppg mud Wt exerts.
a. Around the drill collars if the annular capacity is 0.03 bbls/ft.
Answer...................... 2
b. Around the drill pipe if the annular capacity is 0.05 bbls/ft.
Answer...................... 2
9. If the fluid level in a well bore fell by 480ft, what is the reduction in bottom
hole pressure if the mud weight is 12 ppg?
Answer...................... 2
10. If a 12 ppg mud over-balances the formation pressure by 240 psi theoretically
how far could the mud level fall before going under-balance?
Answer....................... 2
11. Drilling at 12700ft with an 8 1/2" bit, the drill pipe is 5" with 700ft of 6 1/2"
collars. The mud weight = 12 ppg. The yield point of themud is 12lbs/100ft
2.Use the equation given below to determine
ECD.
Answer...................... 4
Annular-pressure loss = YP x L
—————
200( DH-DP )
where YP = Yield point of mud in lbs/100ft2

L = Length of annulus, collar or pipe
DH = Hole diameter
DP = Collar or pipe diameter
12. If a formation pore pressure gradient at 8500ft is 0.486 psi/ft, what mud
weight is required to give an over-balance of 200 psi?
Answer...................... 2
WORKSHOP 1 -
2.
SCORE
1. There are a variety of mechanisms that can cause abnormal formation fluid
pressures. List 4 of the principle causes below.
Answer ( a) ———————— (
b) ———————— ( c)
————————
(d) ———————— 2
2. Shown below is a pressure versus volume plot of a leak off test.
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
VOLUME
The leak off was carried out with a 10.6 ppg mud. The casing shoe is at 4000 ft TVD.
a. What is the maximum pressure that the exposed formations below the
shoe can support?
ANSWER................. 2
b. What is the “Fracture Gradient?”

ANSWER................. 2
c. What is the maximum mud weight?

ANSWER................. 2
d. If drilling was resumed and the mud weight was increased to
12.6 ppg. Calculate M.A.A.S.P
ANSWER................. 2
SCORE
3. M.A.A.S.P. The maximum allowable annular surface pressure should be re-
calculated..
a. At the start of each shift
b. As soon as possible after a drilling break
c. When approaching a suspected transition zone
d. When the mud weight has been increased in the system
e. If a kick has occurred and the well is shut-in
ANSWER................. 2
4. The calculated M.A.A.S.P. value is relevant..
a. When the influx is in the open-hole section
b. As the influx approaches the surface
ANSWER................. 2
5. SCORE
Given the following data:
Depth 10000 ft TVD Bit size 8
1/2"
Shoe depth 8500 ft TVD
Mud weight 12.6 ppg
Collars - 600ft. capacity = 0.0077 bbl/ft Metal
displacement = 0.03 bbl/ft
Drill-pipe 5" capacity = 0.0178 bbl/ft Metal
displacement = 0.0075 bbl/ft
Casing/pipe annular capacity = 0.0476 bbl/ft Casing
capacity = 0.0729 bbl/ft One stand of drill-pipe
= 94 ft.
Assuming the 12.6 ppg mud gives an over-balance of 200 psi.
a. If 10 stands of pipe are removed “dry” without filling the hole, what
would be the resultant reduction in bottom-hole pressure?
ANSWER........................... 3
b. If 5 stands of pipe had been pulled “wet” without filling the hole, the
resultant reduction in bottom-hole pressure would be.
ANSWER........................... 3
c. If prior to tripping a 20 barrel slug of 14.6 ppg mud was displaced to
prevent a wet trip, what would be the expected volume return due to the
U-tubing of the heavy mud?
ANSWER........................... 2
6. Prior to tripping out of the hole a trip tank and pump are lined up to keep
the hole full as the pipe is removed. The trip tank contains 30 barrels of
mud. After pulling 10 stands of pipe the level in the trip tank is 27 barrels.
(Use data given in Question 6). Would the safest option be..
a. To continue tripping but flow-check when bits at shoe.
b. Stop and shut the well in. If no pressures seen open the well up and
continue tripping.
c. Flow-check. If no flow, go back to bottom and circulate.
d. Flow-check. If no flow, continue tripping
ANSWER............................ 2
SCORE
7. A well can be induced to flow by swabbing. Swabbing is the reduction of
bottom hole pressure due to the effects of pulling pipe. List below 3
conditions that can cause swabbing.
Answer ( a) ———————
(b) ———————
(c) ——————— 2
8. A drill string consist of 5" 20 lb/ft drill-pipe and 8 1/2" drill-collars. The
spare kelly cock has 4 1/2" I. F. thread connections. What crossover sub is
required for the collars?
ANSWER.......................... 2
9. A fixed rig is set in 300ft of sea water. The marine conductor has been set
X ft below the sea-bed. The flow line is 65ft above the mean sea-level.
The strength of the sub-sea formations is 0.68 psi/ft. Sea-water gradient is
0.445 psi/ft. It is proposed to drill with 9.2 ppg mud. What is the minimum
depth that the conductor has to be set below sea-bed to prevent losses?
ANSWER............................. 8
10. An over-balance or trip margin is added to the mud. When tripping this
will prevent a loss of B.H.P. due to the swabbing effect of pulling the pipe.
ANSWER. TRUE/FALSE 2
11. Assume casing is set at 4800ft TVD/MD and that gas sands were
encountered at 5000ft and at 8500ft. If the formation pressure gradient at
5000 ft is 0.47 psi/ft and at 8500ft it is 0.476 psi/ft. What mud weight is
required to give an over-balance or trip margin of 200 psi?
ANSWER............................ 4
3
1) GAS cutting of the mud could be prevented by having a mud weight that gives a large over
pressure.
(a) TRUE
(b) FALSE
2) The affect on bottom hole pressure of gas cutting will be greatest:

(a) Initially when the gas enters into the mud.
(b) When the gas cut mud nears the casing shoe.
(c) When it gets near the surface.
3) Given the following data:

Depth 9850 ft TVD Shoe 5500 ft TVD
Mud 11 ppg (Assume this mud gives an overbalance of 150 psi. )
If the top 500 ft of this mud column is cut to 9 ppg and from 500 ft to 1300 ft the mud in the
cut to 10.5 ppg, from 1300 ft to 1500 ft the mud is 10.8 ppg. If the rest of the system is
uncut, what is the reduction in bottom hole pressure.
Answer
–––––––––––––––––––––
4) If the gas cutting of the mud is at a constant level but shows significantly bigger peak levels
when connections are made, this indicates:
(a) That formation permeability has changed.
(b) That it must be high pressure gas from the formations.

(c) That bottom hole pressure is increasing when the pumps are off.
5) Generally predictions are based on the fact that abnormally pressured formations are not as
“dense” as normally pressured formations at the same depth. Is this statement:
(a) TRUE
(b) FALSE
6) An increase in both the volume and size of cuttings at the shaker is an indication of
overpressured formations:
(a) TRUE
(b) FALSE
7) Drilling in a deep high pressure high temperature well with oil based muds. A small gas kick
that goes into solution: ( Select two answers )
(a) Will remain in solution until it gets to the surface.
(b) Will come out of solution when it reaches a bubble point pressure.
(c) Would be easier to detect in water based muds.
8) An increase in penetration rate of a drilling break can be caused:
(a) By an increase in formation porosity.

(b) By an increase in permeability.
(c) By an increase in formation pressure.
(d) By a change in one OR all of the above.
9) Connection gas as opposed to background gas can be caused:
(a) Due to a temporary reduction in the overall mud pressure during a connection.
(b) Due to a temporary increase in the overall mud pressure during the connection.
(c) By a reduction in the rate of penetration. 4.14 - WORKSHOP 4(a) - Surface
Questions 1-4 refer to the diagram above. The valves shown are numbered 1 to 15.
1. If all of the above valves were closed, indicate below those valves that should be in
the open position if the Manifold is lined up to suit a Soft Shut-in (excluding
choke).
Answer:
2. Referring to the above question indicate the position of the chokes, when lined up for a
Soft Shut-in .
a. Left hand remote choke Opened Closed

b. Manual adjustable choke Opened Closed
c. Right hand remote choke Opened Closed
3. Indicate the position of the chokes, when lined up for a Fast Shut-in .

4. Indicate the position of the chokes, when lined up for a Hard Shut-in .
If an indication of a Kick while Drilling occurs, or if the Well flows while Tripping, then
the well must be closed-In. (A Kelly is being used) The following is a list of possible
Actions that could or could not be taken when shutting the well in.
1. Pick up and space out

2. Stop Rotating
3. Set Slips
4. Open HCR valve
5. Close HCR valve
6. Install Safety Valve(FOSV)
7. Open Safety Valve
8. Close Safety Valve
9. Open Ram Preventer
10. Close Ram Preventer
11. Open Annular Preventer
12. Close Annular Preventer
13. Stop pumping
14. Install Inside B.O.P (Grey Valve)
15. Open Choke
16. Close Choke
17. Record Data
For questions 5 to 8 refer to the list shown above.
5. Select the correct sequence of actions which should be taken if a well kicks while drilling and
the Soft Shut-in is to be used.
Answer:
the Fast shut-in is to be used.
Answer:
the Hard shut-in is to be used.
Answer:
8. If a well flow while Tripping, select the correct sequence of actions which should be taken if
the Fast shut-in is to be used.
Answer:
9. Secondary well control could be defined as initially;
a. Controlling formation fluids with the pressure of the mud column, in a static or dynamic
condition.
b. Controlling formation fluids with the pressure of the mud column and the well closed in.
10. Prior to Stripping back to bottom, and assuming there is no float valve in the string, the
equipment made up on top of the string would generally be;
a. A Safety valve (Kelly cock) in the closed position.

b. An Inside Blow-Out Preventer (Grey valve).
c. An I.B.O.P valve on top of a opened Safety Valve.
d. A Safety valve closed with an IBOP valve below it.
e. A closed Regan "Fast Shut-off valve".
f. An I.B.O.P. valve on top of an opened Regan "Fast Shut-off valve".
11. If a well starts to Flow due to Gas at shallow levels, the safest action would be: ( Select three
answers )
a. Shut the Well in as fast as possible, use a ram preventer.

b. Shut the diverter and then open the vent line and close the flow line.
c. Open the vent line, close the flow line and then close the diverter.
d. Have all nonessential personnel removed from the rig.
e. Pump into the well at the fastest rate.
f. Line up the returns to go through the Poor-Boy Degasser.
The following questions 1-5 refer to the first stage of the Drillers Method.
1. A well was shut-in on a kick that occurred whilst drilling. During the first circulation of
the Drillers Method, the choke operator maintains a constant drill pipe pressure at a
constant pump speed.
Will bottom hole pressure: a. Be increasing
b. Be decreasing
c. Being kept constant
2. Referring to the question above, the choke operator has not taken into account the
large volume of the surface lines, i.e. from the pump to the rig floor. This will
result in:
a. An increase in bottom hole pressure

b. A reduction in bottom hole pressure
c. No change to bottom hole pressure
3. Referring to question 1 above if the kick was brine, (with no gas) Casing or Choke
pressure will be at its highest : a. When pressures have stabilised at shut-in
b. When the kick is going into the shoe
c. When the kick is nearing the surface
4. What happens to pressure at the shoe as the brine kick is being moved into the casing
shoe?:
a. Pressure at the shoe will be constant

b. Pressure at the shoe will reduce
c. Pressure at the shoe will increase
5. If the kick is gas rather than brine and as it is being circulated into the casing shoe will:
a. Pressure at the shoe increase

b. Pressure at the shoe decrease
c. Pressure at the shoe remain constant
6. During the second stage of the Drillers Method, assuming all of the kick was removed
during the first stage, if when starting the operation the choke operator maintained a
constant initial circulating pressure in the drill-pipe until kill mud reached the bit. Would
bottom hole pressure? a. Be increased
b. Have reduced
c. Be constant
7. If at the start of the second stage of the Drillers Method, the choke operator maintained a
constant Casing or Choke pressure until kill mud was at surface. How would this action
affect B.H.P. ?
a. B.H.P. would be seeing an increase from the moment the pump reached kill speed
until kill mud was at surface.
b. B.H.P. would have increased until kill mud was at the bit, then B.H.P. would have
remained constant as kill mud displaced the annulus.
c. B.H.P. would have remained constant until kill mud at bit then B.H.P. would be
increased as kill mud displaced the annulus.
8. If total losses occur when drilling and with the bit off bottom and the mud pumps off.
Sea-water is then pumped to the annulus. Assume the volume of water it took to fill the
well to the top was equivalent to 500' of annulus. What is the resultant reduction in
bottom hole pressure due to this action ?
Mud weight = 10 ppg Sea-water = 8.7
ppg a. 260 psi
b. 226 psi
c. 34 psi
9. The well flows with the bit 10 stands off bottom. Shut-in casing pressure reads 200 psi. If
the influx is below the bit:
a. Shut-in drill pipe pressure will be higher than 200 psi

b. Shut-in drill pipe pressure will be lower than 200 psi
c. Shut-in drill pipe pressure should be 200 psi
10. A well is shut-in on a kick whilst drilling and stabilised shut-in pressures have been
established. Due to a delay in starting the kill operation surface pressures have increased
by 100 psi as the influx is migrating. The safest action would be:
a. To bleed mud off using the choke until casing pressure reduces by 100 psi. Then keep it
constant.
b. Bleed mud off keeping a constant drill pipe pressure.
c. Leave it until the problem causing the delay has been resolved then increase the kill mud
weight by .5 ppg.
11. Referring to Q10. If surface pressure had increased by 200 psi due to migration of the
influx. How far has the influx migrated if the mud weight is 10 ppg and the influx density
is assumed to be .12 psi/ft ?
Answer:
12. When comparing the Drillers and Wait & Weight Kill Methods with regards to the
pressures that will be exerted on the exposed foundations immediately below the casing
shoe: Select 2 answers from the following statements.
a. The Drillers Method will always give a higher shoe pressure.

b. The Wait & Weight Method will always give a lower shoe pressure.
c. The Drillers Method will give the lowest shoe pressure when the open hole volume is
smaller than the string volume.
d. The Wait & Weight Method will give the lowest shoe pressure when the open hole
volume is greater than the string volume.
e. There will be no great difference in shoe pressures whether the Drillers or Wait/Weight
Method is used if the open hole volume is less than the string volume.
13. If a well is shut-in on a gas kick and the gas is not allowed to expand as it migrates up the
well-bore. What happens ? a. To B.H.P.
(i) It increases
(ii) It decreases
(iii) Stays more or less the same
b. To surface pressures
(i) They increase
(ii) They stay more or less the same
(iii) Only casing pressure will increase
c. To pressures at the shoe
(i) Will only increase if the influx is below the shoe

(ii) Will continue to increase
(iii) Will remain fairly constant
d. Pressures in the gas influx. Assuming no temperature change.
(i) Pressure in the gas will continue to increase

(ii) Pressure in the gas will keep reducing as it migrates
(iii) There should be no great change to the pressures in the gas influx
14. A kick is being circulated out using the Wait & Weight Kill Method. Shortly after pumping
kill mud to the bit, final circulating pressure has suddenly increased by 200 psi. The pump
speed has been kept constant at kill speed and there was no change noted on the choke
gauge. What is the problem ? a. The choke has plugged
b. A bit nozzle has plugged
c. A pack-off has occurred around the bit
15. If the choke operator opened the choke and reduced drill pipe pressure back to the
calculated final circulating pressure in the problem as described in Question 14. The result
would be: a. B.H.P. would be reduced
b. B.H.P. would be increased
c. no change to B.H.P

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Quiz I

2- What is meant by abnormal pressure?

o The excess pressure due to circulating mud at high rates.

3- A formation is over –pressured by an artesian effect

What has created the over-pressure?

o Compaction of the formation by the overburden pressure.

4- What is the most common cause of abnormally high formation pressures

5- At depth of 1300ft the formation pressure is 650psi. This formation

6- Abnormal pressure can be defined as:-

o The overburden weight above a sandstone

7- Normal formation pressure gradient for continuous depositional basins is

8- A gas bearing formation is over pressured by an artesian affect. Which of

9- match the following definitions to the well control terms.

a. Hydrostatic pressure d. Formation fluid pressure

------ Pressure of formation fluids within the pore spaces.

10- Calculate the pressure that a barrel of 12ppg mud wt exerts

1. ----- pressure of fluids in the formation.

a. Formation fluid pressure

Answer: (a): ----------

o Hydrostatic pressure of water in the rock is high due to water density.

17- Abnormal pressure in gas-cap drilling is due to:-

o Under compacted shales

o Run bit close to bottom.

2- When should a leak-off test be carried out?

o Before drilling out casing shoe.

o Accurate pressure gauge.

4- To ensure that an accurate leak-off test result a number of parameters must be

Select those parameters from the following.

o Measured depth of the casing shoe.

5- Which of the following is a definition of MAASP?

6- shoe TVD= 6000 feet.

What is the maximum allowable annulus surface pressure (MAASP)

8- What will happen to MAASP if mud weight is increased?

o MAASP will stay the same.

o The TVD of the last casing shoe.

10 When should MAASP be recalculated?

o At the beginning of each shift.

11- Which of the following would give the highest MAASP?

o When formation breakdown pressure is much higher than mud hydrostatic

(Choose three answers).

o While waiting on cement to harden.

(Choose one answer).

o MAASP will increase.

Calculate MAASP? (Choose one answer)

1- Change the following to mud weights:

a) .465 psi /ft = ---------

2- Change the following to gradients:

a) When the first few stands are pulled off bottom

a) Pressure loss in the surface equipment

a) Porosity and permeability of formation

a. An increase in bottomhole pressure.

3- surging can lead to –

a. Caused by tripping pipe out too fast.

6- -------- a. A blowout occurs.

7- -------- b. Swabbing occurs.

8- -------- c. Crew begins to trip out of the hole.

9- -------- d. A kick begins.

10- -------- e. Hydrostatic pressure in the well falls significantly.

12- gas cut mud is usually observable at the –

a. The drill pipe has broken.

2- the best indication that a kick is in progress is—

a. A positive flow test.

3- In the position described above, a kick probably –

a. ------- drilling break