Experiment # 2

Concept of spherometer
Experiment performed: 17-04-2019
Report submitted:16/05/2019
Lab partners:
 Sher Baz
 Irfan Ali
 Sidra Batool
Department physics
Semester BS…3rd
Lab Instructor
Dr .Riaz
  Introduction

In this experiment we are going to aware about how to use

spherometer and know about the components of spherometer. Also
we are able that how to calculate the lengths of different small
objects by using spherometer. Usually we determine the radius of
curvature of various glasses and lenses i.e concave or convex. We can
also calculate the thickness of various objects by using
spherometer.also able how to R bay equilateral triangle.

 Calculated Data
Pitch of spherometer 1 mm
Circular scale divisions 100
Least count of spherometer 0.01 mm
Reading 1 4.5 mm
Reading 2 0.0 mm
No of rotations 3.50
 Diagrams

S= 5mm s= 4.5

r =2.74mm

A s= 4.5 C
 Data Analysis
Pitch of spherometer = distance cover on main scale/ no
of rotations
= 5mm/5
Pitch =1mm
Circular scale divisions = 100 Divisions
Least Count of Spherometer = pitch/total divisions
= 1mm/100
= 0.01 mm
For Thickness
Reading 1 = 4 mm
Reading 2 = 0.0
X = difference b/w reading 1 and reading 2
= 4 - 0
= 4 mm
Number of rotation = n = 3.50
As we know that
Thickness = h = (n * pitch) +( x * l.c )

h = (3.50 * 1) +( 4 * 0.01)
h =3.50 + 0.04
h = 3.54 mm
In our experiment the curvature and thickness of lens are
approximately equal so .
h = 3.45 mm
As we know that the radius of curvature can calculate by
the given formula.
R = r2 + h2 / 2h
Also we know that r can be calculated through this
formula.
r = s /√3
As the average value of s = 5 + 4.5 + 4.5/ 3
s = 14 /3
s = 4.67 mm

r = 4.67 /√3
= 2.74 mm

So R = r2 + h2 / 2h
R = (2.74)2 + ( 3.45)2 / 2*3.45
R = 7.3 mm + 11.9 / 6.9
R = 19.2 / 6.9
R = 2.78 mm

Similarly R can also be calculated through this formula.

R = s2 / 6h + h/2
R = (4.67)2 / 6*3.45 + 3.45/2
R = 21.80 / 20 .7 + 1.72
= 1.05 + 1.73
= 2. 78 mm
So the calculated values of R in both formulas are same....
 Discussion
In this experiment we calculated the radius of
curvature bay using formula of equilateral triangle and
compare the calculated values of R .our calculated
values of R are same. Due to small halve shape the
thickness and curvature of glass is approximately same
in our experiment.

 Conclusion
After performing this experiment we concluded that we can
measure the thicknesses and curvatures of various small
objects i.e glasses, lenses etc...... And also we can calculate the
radius of curvature.

 Contribution
All members participated equally to perform this experiment
and effort for making this lab report……