unidad 1: tarea 1 - trabajo colaborativo 1

geopolítica y medio ambiente, determinantes

ambientales de la salud y desarrollos sostenibles

Presentado por

Daisy Johana López

Sandra Milena Parra

Ana Karen Bastidas

Edgar Alberto Ramírez

Ángela Margot Hoyos

Presentado a:

Carolina Jaime

Grupo: 151021_10

Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia – UNAD

Programa de Administración en Salud

Octubre 2019
 INTRODUCTION

Geopolitics has always had the purpose of contributing to the service of men regardless of status,
religious, if it belongs to a political entity focused on the demands or advantages of the
environment, relations between the geographical environment and the forms of government that
makes a relationship exist. permanent with others of political, economic and cultural type in which
a geographical and other fact is correlated

But for Geopolitics, that place would have been earned within this political environment because
it is really complete since it has several fundamental branches such as geography, territories,
environment, borders.
PROBLEMATIC SITUATION CHOSEN BY THE GROUP

THE ENVIRONMENTAL DISPLACEMENT

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) defines environmental displacement as the
abandonment of habitual places of residence temporarily or permanently, by the people or groups
of people who inhabit them, which are forced to move within their own countries or going abroad,
due to sudden or progressive changes in the environment, which greatly affect their lives or living
conditions. Jiménez, C., Soledad, J. (2011).

The problematic situation that affects the context in which I live, is the environmental
displacement, because many populations have had to leave their lands and their homes, because of
the consequences of environmental disasters, such as floods of large sectors of the urban and rural
region, landslides and avalanches, which in addition to causing numerous deaths, have forced the
movement of the inhabitants to other regions or to certain shelters.

Analysis of Health Effects

Causes of environmental displacement

- Climate events that cause damage to public infrastructure and that pose a threat to the physical
security of the community.

- Social, ethnic and territorial conflicts, violation of human rights, which contribute to
environmental displacement.

- Environmental factors such as avalanches, landslides, floods, earthquakes, forest fires, etc.

- Certain development policies, social policies, economic interests and destruction of the natural
environment.

- Alterations of the monsoon systems, other rain systems and long-term droughts.

- Mega-mining, mega-constructions, garbage, carbon monoxide emissions, etc. that generate

health problems, catastrophes and population displacement. Valencia, J., Aguirre, A., & Ríos, M.
(2015).

Frequency of environmental displacement

The environmental displacement has a high level of frequency in the region, since the environment
has presented constant manifestations and problems in the population, (Brown, O., 2017),
announces that, on average, natural disasters cause household displacement of 26.4 million people,
equivalent to one person per second.

This allows us to identify that a considerable number of the population has had to leave their lands
and their homes due to the different environmental causes mentioned and that consequently this
number of displaced people is increasing every day.

Severity of environmental displacement.

The situation of environmental displacement is a serious problem that affects the population, where
it is evident that the most vulnerable groups lack the means or connections to move and get trapped,
other people resort to seasonal migration as a subsistence strategy. The population is at risk of
suffering health effects, such as bodily, psychological and mental illnesses, due to the strong
economic, social, environmental and cultural changes they have had to face. (Brown, O., 2017).

That is when the environmental displacement caused by impacts on the environment generates a
humanitarian emergency and worsens the relationship with the communities in the region and
informal urbanization or refugee camps exert pressure on the different resources of the land,
whether water , energy and food. Which generates decay of ecosystems and health risks due to the
precarious situation of housing spaces, health and the lack of basic services to survive.

Impacts on human development

The environmental displacement has generated great impacts on the development of the human being,
since the eviction of their homes, the dispossession of their lands, family disunity, among other causes,
have led to gender violence, to long processes for recover lost or abandoned properties, discrimination,
lack of support, lack of housing and food, begging and in most cases innumerable risks of contracting
diseases.

All these impacts go against human rights, since the life and health of the people involved are affected,
due to land degradation, limited access to water, the existence of limited and reduced spaces, and the lack
of help from the State and the absence of adequate development policies.

Therefore, it is important in the context of public health, that measures are taken and identified, such as
evacuation, relocation and mechanisms to avoid violence and the various conflicts that arise as a result of
this problem, promoting protection against to natural disasters that have affected homes and living
conditions, with the purpose of providing security, support and commitment to the affected
population. (Brown, O., 2017).

Environment migrations and climate change

The problem situation in the region is the indiscriminate burning of native forests to turn these
areas into cattle grazing sites or planting agricultural products.
Population growth or overpopulation is a phenomenon that causes situations of need, decrease in
the quality of life and conflict, therefore migration in search of new places to live and the search
for work to survive. The lack of job opportunities in the cities causes people to move to the rural
area and seek to colonize land for agriculture, livestock and illegal mining, this generates change
of vegetation cover since this population burns the native forest to have land suitable for work
extending the agricultural frontier, using unconventional agricultural practices and clearing forests.

This environmental degradation causing climate change produces vulnerability and affectation of
natural disasters such as incessant rains that bring floods or long droughts that affect the traditional
crops of the region and usually shortage of products or cost of these

Analysis of health affects

Causes of Environment migrations and climate change

the damage caused by man-made forest fires affects the fauna, vegetation, soil, atmosphere and
water of the region.

The birth of water sources is affected by decreasing the flow or contaminating it with ash and
sediments, which means that there is no supply of potable water for aqueducts and with this
causality of gastrointestinal diseases caused by consumption of non-potable water.

The degradation of arable land by erosion, salinization, pollution

Pollution of water sources by chemicals used in illegal mining

Disappearance of native forest species

Disappearance of habitat for animal species

 BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES:

 Jiménez, C., Soledad, J. (2011). The environmentally displaced, beyond climate change.
An open debate. Geographic Notebooks. Retrieved on October 5, 2019
from https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/171/17122051008.pdf
 Valencia, J., Aguirre, A., & Ríos, M. (2015). Challenges of environmental justice and
access to environmental justice in environmental displacement due to effects associated
with climate change. Blue moon magazine. Retrieved on October 5, 2019
from https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/3217/321739268018.pdf
 Brown, O. (2017). Environmental displacement: human mobility in the Anthropocene.
Retrieved on October 5, 2019
from https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/22269/Frontiers_2017_CH6
_SP.pdf?sequence=6&isAllowed=y
 R Salvador OIM, (2017), Environment migrations and climate change
from: https://repository.oim.org.co/bitstream/handle/20.500.11788/1879/ROBUE-
OIM%20028.PDF?sequence=1
 Avendaño Álvaro, Velasco diana (2019) la vida que agoniza en cada hectárea,
from https://sostenibilidad.semana.com/medio-ambiente/articulo/la-biodiversidad-que-se-
pierde-cada-vez-que-se-quema-o-tala-una-hectarea-de-bosques/43141