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Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 949.58KWp.
3 Project Location Chandigarh
a) Site Name Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR- CSIO)
b) State Chandigarh
e) District Chandigarh
f) Latitude 30.712509 N
g) Longitude 76.783503 E
h) Altitude 321 Mtr.
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station Chandigarh Railway Station (5.3KM)
b) Nearest Airport Chandigarh Airport(15 km))
5 Roof Details
a) Total Area Available (Unshaded) 11395 Sq. M
b) Nature of Roof Flat RCC roof
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Bus bar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per 1567 MWh
annum
b) CUF 18.85%
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 1567 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 87.75 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 2194 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 949.58
KWp DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
3|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
4|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at Central
Scientific Instruments organization
(CSIR-CSIO)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 949.58 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Mr. Vinod Kumar Gupta
Designation Sr.S.E
Mobile Number
9815600945
E-mail
Electrical.section@yahoo.com
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
7. Any Other detail relevant for consideration of
support under the scheme by the evaluation
committee
5|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
6|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
10. Capacity of battery bank (Current, Voltage and AH), if Not Applicable
used, any
11. Type of battery proposed (lead acid tubular/ lithium Not Applicable
ion/ NaS/ any other)
12. Details of protections to be deployed on PV array and SPD, DC isolator, DC MCB, AC MCB,
AC output side Fuses, Overcurrent relays, Reverse
power relays.
13. Details of Metering, Indication, Data logging The data logger takes care
operation of data monitoring and regular
data logging of the SPV system.
14. Schematic diagram of the system including protecting DDE
interlocking devices, monitoring and data logging
points to be provided.
15. Details of Mounting system: Roof-top mounting system with
- Roof mounted system Fixed Tilt Hot dip galvanized
- Ground mounted system structure
16. Details of building to install the Electronics Control Existing ACDB Room
Panel and Battery Bank (if any)
(i) Whether any existing building is to be used as control
room
(ii) If a new building is to be constructed, area, estimated
cost, and etc. to be provided and time frame to
construct the building
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
9|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
• Solar PV modules
• String Inverters
• Transformers
• Balance of Plant
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
Maximum Input DC Voltage : 1000 V
MPP Voltage range : 520 V - 800 V
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 1567
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1649 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 80.45 %.
The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 98.8 42.3 12.2 136.6 130 115.2 113.6 0.875
February 119 45.2 15.81 152.9 145.8 125.9 124.1 0.854
March 164.6 64.7 21.35 190.4 180.8 151.8 149.4 0.826
April 182.2 78.5 27.36 190.8 181 147.5 145 0.8
May 200.4 97.3 31.64 194.6 184.3 148.1 135.1 0.73
June 181.9 102.9 31.35 171.3 161.9 131.5 129.4 0.795
July 162.1 99.9 30.7 153.7 145.1 118.9 117.1 0.801
August 162.9 92.5 29.7 162.7 154.1 126.6 124.6 0.806
September 158.9 68.7 27.7 176.1 167.1 137.1 134.9 0.806
October 152.8 49.4 24.45 191.4 182.6 150.8 137.4 0.755
November 121.8 29.5 18.38 174.2 166.6 141.5 134.3 0.811
December 103.4 31.4 13.97 154.7 147.7 129.1 122.3 0.832
Year 1808.9 802.4 23.75 2049.4 1947.1 1624 1567 0.805
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Scientific Instruments
Organization (CSIR-CSIO), Chandigarh
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
22 | P a g e
DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-IMTECH, CHANDIGARH
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 399.95KWp.
3 Project Location Chandigarh
a) Site Name Institute of Microbial Techology (CSIR-
IMTECH)
b) State Chandigarh
e) District Chandigarh
f) Latitude 30.74766 N
g) Longitude 77.73341 E
h) Altitude 321 Mtr.
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station Chandigrah Railway Station (14KM)
5 Roof Details
a) Total Area Available (Unshaded) 4799.45 Sq. M
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Bus bar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per 706.3 MWh
annum
b) CUF 20.16%
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 706.3 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 39.55 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 9.89 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 399.95
KWp DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
3|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
4|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at Institute of
Microbial Techology (CSIR-IMTECH)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 399.95 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Mr. H.B.K Bhatti
Designation Asst. Executive Engineer
Mobile Number
9814905289
E-mail
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
7. Any Other detail relevant for consideration of
support under the scheme by the evaluation
committee
5|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
6|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
10. Capacity of battery bank (Current, Voltage and AH), if Not Applicable
used, any
11. Type of battery proposed (lead acid tubular/ lithium Not Applicable
ion/ NaS/ any other)
12. Details of protections to be deployed on PV array and SPD, DC isolator, DC MCB, AC MCB,
AC output side Fuses, Overcurrent relays, Reverse
power relays.
13. Details of Metering, Indication, Data logging The data logger takes care
operation of data monitoring and regular
data logging of the SPV system.
14. Schematic diagram of the system including protecting DDE
interlocking devices, monitoring and data logging
points to be provided.
15. Details of Mounting system: Roof-top mounting system with
- Roof mounted system Fixed Tilt Hot dip galvanized
- Ground mounted system structure
16. Details of building to install the Electronics Control Existing ACDB Room
Panel and Battery Bank (if any)
(i) Whether any existing building is to be used as control
room
(ii) If a new building is to be constructed, area, estimated
cost, and etc. to be provided and time frame to
construct the building
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
8|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
9|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
Solar PV modules
String Inverters
Transformers
Balance of Plant
15 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
Maximum Input DC Voltage : 1000 V
MPP Voltage range : 520 V - 800 V
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 706.3
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1760 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 80.32%.
The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 117.2 27.3 12.29 172.4 165 61.12 60.25 0.871
February 122.3 42.5 15.78 158.7 151.4 55.26 54.47 0.855
March 172.5 58.4 21.25 201.8 192 67.92 66.93 0.827
April 191.9 71.8 27.22 201.5 191 65.66 58.44 0.723
May 215.6 87.3 31.46 208.9 197.8 66.94 61.24 0.731
June 187.6 101 31.08 176.8 167.2 57.32 56.48 0.796
July 158 97 30.49 150 141.6 49.09 48.38 0.804
August 161.7 94.1 29.38 161.6 152.7 53.14 52.38 0.808
September 160.7 68.7 27.4 176.7 167.6 58.14 57.29 0.808
October 167.3 31.4 24.28 213.5 204.3 70.77 69.69 0.813
November 131.8 21.2 18.29 192.1 183.7 65.65 59.4 0.771
December 114.5 21.1 13.97 177.5 169.9 62.26 61.37 0.862
Year 1901.2 722 23.61 2191.5 2084.3 733.27 706.33 0.803
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Microbial Technology
(CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
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DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-IHBT, PALAMPUR
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 2
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 256.4 KWp.
3 Project Location Palampur, Himachal Pradesh
a) Site Name Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR- IHBT)
b) State Himachal Pradesh
e) District Kangra
f) Latitude 32.1042 N
g) Longitude 76.5559 E
h) Altitude 1219 Mtr.
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station Palampur Railway Station (8KM)
b) Nearest Airport Kangra Airport (45 km)
5 Roof Details
a) Total Area Available (Unshaded) 3077 Sq. M
b) Nature of Roof Flat RCC roof
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Bus bar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per 418.2 MWh
annum
b) CUF 18.67%
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 418.2 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 19.65 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 4.91 Cr
2. Introduction
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 256.4
KWp DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
3|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
4|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at Institute of
Himalayan Bioresource Technology,
Palampur, Himachal Pradesh. (CSIR-
IMBT)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 256.4 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Mr. Mukesh Gautam
Designation Asst. Executive Engineer
Mobile Number
9418065274
E-mail
mukesh@ihbt.res.in
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
7. Any Other detail relevant for consideration of
support under the scheme by the evaluation
committee
5|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
6|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
10. Capacity of battery bank (Current, Voltage and AH), if Not Applicable
used, any
11. Type of battery proposed (lead acid tubular/ lithium Not Applicable
ion/ NaS/ any other)
12. Details of protections to be deployed on PV array and SPD, DC isolator, DC MCB, AC MCB,
AC output side Fuses, Overcurrent relays, Reverse
power relays.
13. Details of Metering, Indication, Data logging The data logger takes care
operation of data monitoring and regular
data logging of the SPV system.
14. Schematic diagram of the system including protecting DDE
interlocking devices, monitoring and data logging
points to be provided.
15. Details of Mounting system: Roof-top mounting system with
- Roof mounted system Fixed Tilt Hot dip galvanized
- Ground mounted system structure
16. Details of building to install the Electronics Control Existing ACDB Room
Panel and Battery Bank (if any)
(i) Whether any existing building is to be used as control
room
(ii) If a new building is to be constructed, area, estimated
cost, and etc. to be provided and time frame to
construct the building
7|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
8|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
9|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
10 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
11 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
12 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
13 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
14 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
• Solar PV modules
• String Inverters
• Transformers
• Balance of Plant
15 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
Maximum Input DC Voltage : 1000 V
MPP Voltage range : 520 V - 800 V
16 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
17 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
18 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
20 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 418.2
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1638 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 80.64 %.
The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 97.5 38.9 11.18 138.6 132 31.54 31.09 0.879
February 102.6 53.4 15.07 127.6 121.3 28.47 28.07 0.861
March 145.7 73 20.64 166.8 158.3 36.01 35.49 0.833
April 163.4 86.2 26.38 170.4 161.4 35.7 35.18 0.809
May 200.8 95.5 31.98 196.3 185.9 39.97 39.36 0.785
June 193.5 99.8 31.65 183.5 173.7 37.71 37.16 0.793
July 166.7 102.4 30.62 158.7 149.7 33 30.31 0.748
August 163.2 95.3 30.12 163.9 155 34.16 30.2 0.722
September 167.7 68.3 28.02 187.5 178.1 39.16 36.36 0.759
October 160 33.6 24.96 206.4 197.3 43.39 42.74 0.811
November 121.3 24.3 18.32 178.2 170.4 38.86 38.31 0.842
December 99.4 28.4 13.11 152.6 145.9 34.37 33.88 0.869
Year 1781.8 798.8 23.55 2030.6 1928.8 432.33 418.15 0.806
21 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Institute of Himalayan Bioresource
Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
22 | P a g e
DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-CSMCRI, BHAVNAGAR
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 8
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 216 KWp.
3 Project Location Bhavnagar, Gujrat
a) Site Name Central Salt Marine Chemicals Research
institute (CSIR-CSMCRI)
b) State Gujrat
e) District Bhavnagar
f) Latitude 21.7590N
g) Longitude 72.1445E
h) Altitude 24 Mtr. above MSL
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station Bhavnagar Terminus 5 KM
5 Roof Details
a) Total Area Available (Unshaded) 2593.09 Sq. M
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Bus bar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per 382.9 MWh
annum
b) CUF 20.23 %
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 382.9 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 22.40 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 5.60 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 216 KWp
DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
3|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
4|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
S. Description Remark
No
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at Central Salt
Marine Chemicals Research
Institute (CSIR-CSMRI)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 216 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Mr. M.P Makwana
Designation
Mobile Number Executive Engineer (Civil)
E-mail 9712524421
mpmakwana@csmcri.res.in
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee
at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
7. Any Other detail relevant for consideration of
support under the scheme by the evaluation
committee
S Description Remarks
No.
1 Is the plant located at the address mentioned in [A] Same as [A]4
4 above; if No, Address of the location of the plant(s)
Name
H. No.
Street/Locality/Road
District
State
5|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
6|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
7|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
8|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
9|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
10 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
11 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
12 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
13 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
14 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
Solar PV modules
String Inverters
Transformers
Balance of Plant
15 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
Maximum Input DC Voltage : 1000 V
MPP Voltage range : 520 V - 800 V
16 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
17 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
20 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 508.6
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1605 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 80.04 %.
The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 158 25.78 21.64 205.6 196.5 37.48 36.76 0.822
February 164.6 32.14 23.57 197.5 188.8 35.47 34.74 0.809
March 200 51.95 27.58 218.7 208.5 38.49 37.67 0.792
April 209.1 69.61 29.83 210.9 200.3 36.88 36.11 0.787
May 220.9 81.76 31.02 208.5 197.5 36.55 35.82 0.79
June 181.4 99.59 29.87 168.3 158.9 30.01 29.46 0.804
July 139.4 93.99 28.57 131.1 123.4 23.59 23.17 0.812
August 132.1 83.48 27.64 128.8 121.4 23.21 22.8 0.813
September 164.6 75.5 28.09 172.9 163.8 30.93 24.46 0.65
October 181.4 50.92 28.23 210 200 37.1 33.42 0.731
November 154 35.15 25.47 193.6 185.1 34.73 34.03 0.808
December 146.3 28.14 22.9 193.1 184.8 35.1 34.43 0.82
Year 2051.9 728 27.05 2239 2129 399.53 382.87 0.786
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Salt Marine Chemicals
Research institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujrat
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
22 | P a g e
DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-NIO, GOA
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 1064 KWp.
3 Project Location Dona Paula , Goa
a) Site Name National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR-
NIO)
b) State Goa
e) District Dona Paula , Goa
f) Latitude 15.45N
g) Longitude 73.80E
h) Altitude 1022 Mtr. above MSL
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station Karmali Railway Station
5 Roof Details
a) Total Area Available (Unshaded) 12772 Sq. M
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Bus bar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per 1675 MWh
annum
b) CUF 18.31%
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 1575 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 92.15 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 23.04 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 1064
KWp DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at National
Institute of Oceanography
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 1064 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Shri Rajendra Phutankar
Designation Executive Engineer
Mobile Number 9423881881
E-mail
phutankar@nio.org
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
7. Any Other detail relevant for consideration of
support under the scheme by the evaluation
committee
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
10. Capacity of battery bank (Current, Voltage and AH), if Not Applicable
used, any
11. Type of battery proposed (lead acid tubular/ lithium Not Applicable
ion/ NaS/ any other)
12. Details of protections to be deployed on PV array and SPD, DC isolator, DC MCB, AC MCB,
AC output side Fuses, Overcurrent relays, Reverse
power relays.
13. Details of Metering, Indication, Data logging The data logger takes care
operation of data monitoring and regular
data logging of the SPV system.
14. Schematic diagram of the system including protecting DDE
interlocking devices, monitoring and data logging
points to be provided.
15. Details of Mounting system: Roof-top mounting system with
- Roof mounted system Fixed Tilt Hot dip galvanized
- Ground mounted system structure
16. Details of building to install the Electronics Control Existing ACDB Room
Panel and Battery Bank (if any)
(i) Whether any existing building is to be used as control
room
(ii) If a new building is to be constructed, area, estimated
cost, and etc. to be provided and time frame to
construct the building
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
Solar PV modules
String Inverters
Transformers
Balance of Plant
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
Maximum Input DC Voltage : 1000 V
MPP Voltage range : 520 V - 800 V
Nominal AC Output Power, Pac : 50 kW
Nominal AC output Voltage : 400 Vac
Total losses (night consumption) : 2W
Max AC Current : 73 A
Output Grid Frequency : 50 Hz
Max Efficiency : 98.6 %
European efficiency : 98.4 %
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
18 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
20 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 1675
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1575 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 79.53 %.
The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 158.8 52.29 25.82 185.3 176.4 162.9 160.5 0.814
February 164 53.82 26.3 182.6 173.8 159.6 157.2 0.809
March 193.3 72.02 27.82 203 192.6 176.4 173.7 0.804
April 192.5 77.75 29.12 190.6 180.6 165 144.9 0.714
May 195.6 82.85 29.86 185.5 175.6 160.6 158.2 0.801
June 126.3 81.62 27.34 118.9 111.8 105 103.5 0.818
July 123.8 83.1 27.05 117.1 110.1 103.5 102 0.818
August 138.4 91.04 26.68 134.5 126.5 119.2 111.5 0.779
September 144.1 80.42 26.52 146.1 137.7 128.7 126.8 0.816
October 155.7 72.91 27.71 166.9 158 145.8 135.6 0.763
November 150 56.49 27.24 171.7 163.1 150.2 148 0.81
December 150.2 53.16 26.31 177.8 169 156 153.7 0.812
Year 1892.8 857.47 27.32 1980.1 1875.2 1732.9 1675.5 0.795
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Institute of Oceanography
(CSIR-NIO), GOA
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
22 | P a g e
DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-NIIST,KERALA
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 194 KWp.
3 Project Location Kerala
a) Site Name CSIR –National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology
(NIIST)
b) State Kerala
e) District Thiruvananthapuram
f) Latitude 8°28’11” N
g) Longitude 76°59’28” E
h) Altitude 457.2 Mtr. above MSL
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station Trivandrum Central Railway Station
5 Roof Details
a) Total Area Available (Unshaded) 2330 Sq.M
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Bus bar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per 315.6MWh
annum
b) CUF 18.57%
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 315.6 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 20.04 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 5.06 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 194 KWp
DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
3|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
4|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project National
Institute for Interdisciplinary Science
and Technology (NIIST)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 194 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Mr. Chandra Sekar Neelam
Designation Asst. Executive Engineer
Mobile Number 9495094755
E-mail Chandrashekar9777@gmail.com
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
7. Any Other detail relevant for consideration of
support under the scheme by the evaluation
committee
5|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
6|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
7|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
8|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
Solar PV modules
String Inverters
Transformers
Balance of Plant
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
Maximum Input DC Voltage : 1000 V
MPP Voltage range : 520 V - 800 V
Nominal AC Output Power, Pac : 50 kW
Nominal AC output Voltage : 400 Vac
Total losses (night consumption) : 2W
Max AC Current : 73 A
Output Grid Frequency : 50 Hz
Max Efficiency : 98.6 %
European efficiency : 98.4 %
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 315.6
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1612 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 79.82 %.
The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 172.6 60.57 27.18 188.3 180.3 30.46 29.9 0.811
February 170.3 67.1 27.78 180.5 172.8 29.14 28.59 0.809
March 199.8 73.25 28.73 203.5 194.7 32.58 31.96 0.802
April 179.6 79.29 28.29 176.6 168.5 28.46 25.87 0.748
May 167.9 81.02 28.56 160.8 153.2 26.03 21.44 0.681
June 134.4 85.56 26.69 128 121.4 21.05 20.7 0.826
July 156.9 87.24 26.73 149.4 142 24.5 24.08 0.823
August 168.1 88.45 26.75 163.6 155.9 26.75 26.28 0.82
September 169.2 74.3 26.58 169.9 162.3 27.6 27.1 0.814
October 165.3 76.96 26.86 171.4 163.8 27.89 27.39 0.816
November 142.4 69.71 26.46 151.8 145.1 24.78 24.33 0.819
December 159.8 64.42 27.1 175.2 167.6 28.5 27.99 0.816
Year 1986.1 907.87 27.31 2019 1927.6 327.74 315.63 0.798
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR– National Institute for
Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST)
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
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DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-4PI, BENGALURU
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 165 KWp.
3 Project Location Bengaluru , Karnataka
a) Site Name CSIR Fourth Paradigm Institute (CSIR-4PI)
b) State Karnataka
e) District Bengaluru
f) Latitude 12°56’39” N
g) Longitude 77°39’56” E
h) Altitude 920 Mtr.
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station KSR-Railway Station, Bengaluru.
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Bus bar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per 278.8 MWh
annum
b) CUF 19.29%
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 278.8 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 33.45Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 8.36 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 165 KWp
DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
3|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
o Phasing of expenditure
o Possible costs and re venues for emission reduction certificates
o Remote Monitoring System, SCADA
o Operation and maintenance costs
o Escalation in O&M costs and its basis
o Taxes, duties and levies applied to equipment for solar power projects
o Financial analysis and economic analysis of the project.
The consultant will prepare the DPR/ proposal for the End Customer as per specific
formats.
The consultant shall have to prepare the complete Bid Documentation including
agreement, tendering, preparing draft agreement between the SPD (Solar Power
Developer) and End Customer. Bid Document for design, manufacture, Supply,
Erection, Testing & Commissioning, completion of solar
power project and subsequent O&M of solar power project covering all technical
requirements for overall design, components, vendor/subcontractor selection,
performance assessment protocol, compliances of various rules and regulations
etc.
Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has allocated & conveyed in principle
approval for setting up of grid connected Rooftop Solar power plant to CEL at
Fourth Paradigm Institute, Belur Campus, Bengaluru
4|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at Fourth
Paradigm Institute (CSIR-4PI)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 165 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Mr. R.Ravindran
Designation Principle Scientist & Head
Mobile Number 9902540256
E-mail
ravindran@nal.res.in
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
7. Any Other detail relevant for consideration of
support under the scheme by the evaluation
committee
5|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
10. Capacity of battery bank (Current, Voltage and AH), if Not Applicable
used, any
11. Type of battery proposed (lead acid tubular/ lithium Not Applicable
ion/ NaS/ any other)
12. Details of protections to be deployed on PV array and SPD, DC isolator, DC MCB, AC MCB,
AC output side Fuses, Overcurrent relays, Reverse
power relays.
13. Details of Metering, Indication, Data logging The data logger takes care
operation of data monitoring and regular
data logging of the SPV system.
14. Schematic diagram of the system including protecting DDE
interlocking devices, monitoring and data logging
points to be provided.
15. Details of Mounting system: Roof-top mounting system with
- Roof mounted system Fixed Tilt Hot dip galvanized
- Ground mounted system structure
16. Details of building to install the Electronics Control Existing ACDB Room
Panel and Battery Bank (if any)
(i) Whether any existing building is to be used as control
room
(ii) If a new building is to be constructed, area, estimated
cost, and etc. to be provided and time frame to
construct the building
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
8|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
9|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
10 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
14 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
Solar PV modules
String Inverters
Transformers
Balance of Plant
15 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
LT Cables
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 278.8
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1698 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 79.53 %.
The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 199.5 26.4 25.39 234.9 224.2 31.51 31 0.804
February 192.4 31.89 26.47 214.5 204.7 28.56 28.1 0.798
March 211.1 56.51 28.24 219.9 208.9 29.08 28.62 0.793
April 201.5 75.22 29.5 197.6 187.2 26.14 24.42 0.753
May 190.6 80.16 30.42 178 167.9 23.54 23.19 0.793
June 136.5 83.52 28.69 127 119.3 17.11 16.86 0.809
July 135 84.65 28.58 126.9 119.3 17.12 16.56 0.794
August 138.4 82.03 27.92 133.7 125.8 18.02 17.76 0.809
September 134.7 66.15 27.51 135.6 128.1 18.21 17.94 0.806
October 163.4 75.34 27.09 174.4 165.4 23.56 23.21 0.811
November 153.4 55.86 25.86 173 164.5 23.48 21.83 0.769
December 184.6 28.93 25.23 219.6 210 29.72 29.26 0.812
Year 2041.1 746.66 27.58 2135.1 2025.4 286.06 278.75 0.795
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Fourth Paradigm Institute
(CSIR-4PI), Bengaluru, Karnataka
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
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DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-NAL (BELUR), BENGALURU
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 84 KWp.
3 Project Location Bengaluru , Karnataka
a) Site Name CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories,
Belur Campus (CSIR-NAL)
b) State Karnataka
e) District Bengaluru
f) Latitude 12°56’46” N
g) Longitude 77°40’01” E
h) Altitude 920 Mtr.
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station KSR-Railway Station, Bengaluru
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Bus bar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per 142.5 MWh
annum
b) CUF 19.37%
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 142.5 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 17.10 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 4.28 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 84 KWp
DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
4|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at National
Aerospace Laboratories, Belur Campus
(CSIR-NAL)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 84 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Mr. R. Ravindran
Designation Principle Scientist & Head
Mobile Number 9902540256
E-mail
ravindran@nal.res.in
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
7. Any Other detail relevant for consideration of
support under the scheme by the evaluation
committee
5|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
6|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
7|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
8|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
9|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
10 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
11 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
12 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
13 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
14 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
Solar PV modules
String Inverters
Transformers
Balance of Plant
15 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
Maximum Input DC Voltage : 1000 V
MPP Voltage range : 520 V - 800 V
16 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
17 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006
18 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
19 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
20 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 142.5
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1674 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 78.42 %.
The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 199.5 26.4 25.39 234.9 224.2 16.34 16.05 0.802
February 192.4 31.89 26.47 214.5 204.7 14.82 14.55 0.797
March 211.1 56.51 28.24 219.9 208.9 15.09 14.82 0.792
April 201.5 75.22 29.5 197.6 187.2 13.56 13.32 0.792
May 190.6 80.16 30.42 178 167.9 12.21 12 0.792
June 136.5 83.52 28.69 127 119.3 8.87 8.73 0.808
July 135 84.65 28.58 126.9 119.3 8.88 8.73 0.808
August 138.4 82.03 27.92 133.7 125.8 9.35 9.19 0.808
September 134.7 66.15 27.51 135.6 128.1 9.45 8.55 0.741
October 163.4 75.34 27.09 174.4 165.4 12.22 10.87 0.732
November 153.4 55.86 25.86 173 164.5 12.18 11.97 0.813
December 184.6 28.93 25.23 219.6 210 15.42 13.75 0.736
Year 2041.1 746.66 27.58 2135.1 2025.4 148.39 142.53 0.784
21 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
22 | P a g e
DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-NAL (KODIHALLI), BENGALURU
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 383 KWp.
3 Project Location Kodihalli , Bengaluru , Karnataka
a) Site Name CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories,
Kodihalli (CSIR-NAL)
b) State Karnataka
e) District Bengaluru
f) Latitude 12°56’46” N
g) Longitude 77°40’01” E
h) Altitude 920 Mtr.
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station KSR-Railway Station, Bengaluru
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Bus bar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per 508.6 MWh
annum
b) CUF 19.18%
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 508.6 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 77.20 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 19.30 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 383 KWp
DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at National
Aerospace Laboratories, Kodihalli
(CSIR-NAL)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 383 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Mr. R. Ravindran
Designation Principle Scientist & Head
Mobile Number
9902540256
E-mail
ravindran@nal.res.in
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
7. Any Other detail relevant for consideration of
support under the scheme by the evaluation
committee
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
10. Capacity of battery bank (Current, Voltage and AH), if Not Applicable
used, any
11. Type of battery proposed (lead acid tubular/ lithium Not Applicable
ion/ NaS/ any other)
12. Details of protections to be deployed on PV array and SPD, DC isolator, DC MCB, AC MCB,
AC output side Fuses, Overcurrent relays, Reverse
power relays.
13. Details of Metering, Indication, Data logging The data logger takes care
operation of data monitoring and regular
data logging of the SPV system.
14. Schematic diagram of the system including protecting DDE
interlocking devices, monitoring and data logging
points to be provided.
15. Details of Mounting system: Roof-top mounting system with
- Roof mounted system Fixed Tilt Hot dip galvanized
- Ground mounted system structure
16. Details of building to install the Electronics Control Existing ACDB Room
Panel and Battery Bank (if any)
(i) Whether any existing building is to be used as control
room
(ii) If a new building is to be constructed, area, estimated
cost, and etc. to be provided and time frame to
construct the building
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
9|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
10 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
11 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
12 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
13 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
14 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
Solar PV modules
String Inverters
Transformers
Balance of Plant
15 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
Maximum Input DC Voltage : 1000 V
MPP Voltage range : 520 V - 800 V
16 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
17 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.
18 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
19 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
20 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 634.4
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1680 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 78.77 %.
The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 199.4 26.39 25.39 234.9 224.2 73.51 67.69 0.752
February 192.4 31.9 26.47 214.5 204.7 66.63 65.55 0.798
March 210.8 56.89 28.24 219.6 208.5 67.77 66.69 0.793
April 201.4 75.33 29.5 197.5 187.1 60.98 56.27 0.744
May 190.7 80.76 30.52 177.9 167.7 54.87 54.04 0.793
June 137 83.02 28.69 127.4 119.8 40.04 39.44 0.808
July 135 77.48 28.59 126.4 119 39.68 39.08 0.807
August 138.5 93.02 27.92 133.7 125.7 42.25 41.63 0.813
September 134.7 76.71 27.5 135.1 127.4 42.46 41.82 0.808
October 163.1 76.47 26.99 173.5 164.4 54.73 49.17 0.74
November 153.3 55.5 25.76 172.5 164.1 54.59 53.74 0.813
December 184.5 29.56 25.13 219.4 209.8 69.32 68.23 0.812
Year 2040.8 763.02 27.56 2132.4 2022.4 666.82 643.37 0.788
21 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Aerospace Laboratories
(CSIR-NAL), Bengaluru, Karnataka
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
22 | P a g e
DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-CFTRI, MYSORE
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 744 KWp.
3 Project Location Mysore , Karnataka
a) Site Name Central Food Technological Research
Institute (CSIR-CFTRI)
b) State Karnataka
e) District Mysore
f) Latitude 12°18’56”N
g) Longitude 76°38’14”E
h) Altitude 1929 Mtr.
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station Mysore Railway Station
5 Roof Details
a) Total Area Available (Unshaded) 8926.92 Sq. M
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Bus bar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per 1272 MWh
annum
b) CUF 19.54 %
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 1272 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 89.02 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 22.25 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 744 KWp
DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
3|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
4|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at Central Food
Technological Research
Institute (CSIR-CFTRI)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 744 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Mr. M.N Keshava Prakash
Designation Principle Scientist & Head
Mobile Number
9902238169
E-mail
Keshav@cftri.res.in
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
5|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
6|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
10. Capacity of battery bank (Current, Voltage and AH), if Not Applicable
used, any
11. Type of battery proposed (lead acid tubular/ lithium Not Applicable
ion/ NaS/ any other)
12. Details of protections to be deployed on PV array and SPD, DC isolator, DC MCB, AC MCB,
AC output side Fuses, Overcurrent relays, Reverse
power relays.
13. Details of Metering, Indication, Data logging The data logger takes care
operation of data monitoring and regular
data logging of the SPV system.
14. Schematic diagram of the system including protecting DDE
interlocking devices, monitoring and data logging
points to be provided.
15. Details of Mounting system: Roof-top mounting system with
- Roof mounted system Fixed Tilt Hot dip galvanized
- Ground mounted system structure
16. Details of building to install the Electronics Control Existing ACDB Room
Panel and Battery Bank (if any)
(i) Whether any existing building is to be used as control
room
(ii) If a new building is to be constructed, area, estimated
cost, and etc. to be provided and time frame to
construct the building
7|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
8|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
9|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
10 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
11 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
13 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
14 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
Solar PV modules
String Inverters
Transformers
Balance of Plant
15 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
Maximum Input DC Voltage : 1000 V
MPP Voltage range : 520 V - 800 V
16 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
17 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.
18 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
19 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
20 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 1272
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1714 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 79.75 %.
The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 200.6 26.39 26.31 235.6 227.1 143.6 141.7 0.811
February 193.9 32.41 27.38 215.5 207.8 130.5 128.7 0.805
March 213 57.12 29.13 221.5 212.6 133.4 122.4 0.745
April 199.8 72.58 29.79 195.2 186.8 117.9 116.2 0.803
May 190.1 80.1 29.49 177.8 169.5 108 96.5 0.732
June 132.5 79.79 26.85 123.2 117 76.5 75.3 0.823
July 133.7 83.64 26.62 125.2 118.8 77.9 70.3 0.757
August 138.9 92.66 26.26 134.2 127.5 83.6 82.4 0.827
September 140.2 81.2 26.21 141.4 134.8 87.7 86.4 0.824
October 167.7 69.3 26.79 178.5 171.1 109.8 108.3 0.818
November 154.7 63.78 26.64 173.5 166.4 107.3 105.8 0.822
December 192 27.18 26.32 228.2 220.4 139.7 137.8 0.814
Year 2057 766.14 27.31 2149.8 2059.7 1315.9 1271.7 0.798
21 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysore, Karnataka
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
22 | P a g e
DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-CCMB, HYDERABAD
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 185 KWp.
3 Project Location Hyderabad, Telangana
a) Site Name Centre of Cellular & Molecular Biology
(CSIR-CCMB)
b) State Telangana
e) District Hyderabad
f) Latitude 17.4211189 N
g) Longitude 78.5414585 E
h) Altitude 505 Mtr.
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station Secunderabad Railway Station
5 Roof Details
a) Total Area Available (Unshaded) 2220 Sq. M
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Bus bar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per 279.8 MWh
annum
b) CUF 18.05%
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 279.8 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 27.98 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 7.00 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 185 KWp
DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
3|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
4|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at Centre for
Cellular & Molecular Biology (CSIR-
CCMB)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 185 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Mr. A. Varaprasad Rao
Designation AEE
Mobile Number
8121382811
E-mail
varaprasad@ccmb.res.in
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
7. Any Other detail relevant for consideration of
support under the scheme by the evaluation
committee
5|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
6|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
10. Capacity of battery bank (Current, Voltage and AH), if Not Applicable
used, any
11. Type of battery proposed (lead acid tubular/ lithium Not Applicable
ion/ NaS/ any other)
12. Details of protections to be deployed on PV array and SPD, DC isolator, DC MCB, AC MCB,
AC output side Fuses, Overcurrent relays, Reverse
power relays.
13. Details of Metering, Indication, Data logging The data logger takes care
operation of data monitoring and regular
data logging of the SPV system.
14. Schematic diagram of the system including protecting DDE
interlocking devices, monitoring and data logging
points to be provided.
15. Details of Mounting system: Roof-top mounting system with
- Roof mounted system Fixed Tilt Hot dip galvanized
- Ground mounted system structure
16. Details of building to install the Electronics Control Existing ACDB Room
Panel and Battery Bank (if any)
(i) Whether any existing building is to be used as control
room
(ii) If a new building is to be constructed, area, estimated
cost, and etc. to be provided and time frame to
construct the building
7|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
8|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
9|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
10 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
11 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
12 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
13 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
14 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
Solar PV modules
String Inverters
Transformers
Balance of Plant
15 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
Maximum Input DC Voltage : 1000 V
MPP Voltage range : 520 V - 800 V
16 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
17 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.
18 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter
19 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
20 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 279.8
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1587 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 78.51 %.
The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 149.6 53.03 23.69 182.6 174 26.87 26.45 0.821
February 159.2 51.52 26.48 184.3 175.5 26.57 26.15 0.805
March 185.3 75.81 29.69 196.5 186.3 27.85 27.41 0.791
April 190.7 77.67 32.31 188.4 178.6 26.38 25.95 0.781
May 197.8 87.84 33.93 182.7 172.4 25.5 25.09 0.779
June 156.5 96.2 29.84 143 134.7 20.62 20.31 0.805
July 139.6 90.52 28.23 129.4 121.7 18.81 18.53 0.812
August 145 86.76 26.87 139.3 131.4 20.32 20 0.814
September 152.5 80.59 27 155.5 147.2 22.59 19.57 0.714
October 157.6 73.62 26.7 172.9 164.2 25.12 24.73 0.811
November 138.2 55.29 24.39 163.9 155.6 23.99 21.14 0.732
December 145.8 47.67 23.01 182.9 174.3 26.96 24.5 0.76
Year 1917.9 876.52 27.68 2021.3 1915.8 291.59 279.82 0.785
21 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Centre of Cellular & Molecular
Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Hyderabad, Telangana.
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
22 | P a g e
DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-IICT, HYDERABAD
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 333 KWp.
3 Project Location Hyderabad, Telangana
a) Site Name Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
(CSIR-IICT)
b) State Telangana
e) District Hyderabad
f) Latitude 17.4231194 N
g) Longitude 78.5397222 E
h) Altitude 505 Mtr.
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station Secunderabad Railway Station
5 Roof Details
a) Total Area Available (Unshaded) 3992 Sq. M
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Bus bar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per 535.5 MWh
annum
b) CUF 18.36%
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 535.5 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 44.23 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs.11.06 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 333 KWp
DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
3|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
4|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at Indian Institute
of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 333 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Mr. Narsingh Yadav
Designation Sr. Technical Officer
Mobile Number 09849296677
E-mail
NA
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
7. Any Other detail relevant for consideration of
support under the scheme by the evaluation
committee
5|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
6. PCU/inverter capacity with detailed specifications Delta RPI M50 A & M30 A
(kVA) (Details of quality of output power, standards) Capacity – 50 Kw & 30 Kw
6|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
10. Capacity of battery bank (Current, Voltage and AH), if Not Applicable
used, any
11. Type of battery proposed (lead acid tubular/ lithium Not Applicable
ion/ NaS/ any other)
12. Details of protections to be deployed on PV array and SPD, DC isolator, DC MCB, AC MCB,
AC output side Fuses, Overcurrent relays, Reverse
power relays.
13. Details of Metering, Indication, Data logging The data logger takes care
operation of data monitoring and regular
data logging of the SPV system.
14. Schematic diagram of the system including protecting DDE
interlocking devices, monitoring and data logging
points to be provided.
15. Details of Mounting system: Roof-top mounting system with
- Roof mounted system Fixed Tilt Hot dip galvanized
- Ground mounted system structure
16. Details of building to install the Electronics Control Existing ACDB Room
Panel and Battery Bank (if any)
(i) Whether any existing building is to be used as control
room
(ii) If a new building is to be constructed, area, estimated
cost, and etc. to be provided and time frame to
construct the building
7|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
8|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
9|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
10 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
11 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
12 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
13 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
14 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
Solar PV modules
String Inverters
Transformers
Balance of Plant
15 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
Maximum Input DC Voltage : 1000 V
MPP Voltage range : 520 V - 800 V
16 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
17 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006
18 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
19 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
20 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 535.5
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1601 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 79.22 %.
The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 149.6 53.03 23.69 182.6 174 50.95 46.34 0.759
February 159.2 51.52 26.48 184.3 175.5 50.38 49.71 0.807
March 185.3 75.81 29.69 196.5 186.3 52.82 49.28 0.75
April 190.7 77.67 32.31 188.4 178.6 50.02 49.32 0.783
May 197.8 87.84 33.93 182.7 172.4 48.36 47.69 0.781
June 156.5 96.2 29.84 143 134.7 39.11 38.54 0.806
July 139.6 90.52 28.23 129.4 121.7 35.68 32.16 0.744
August 145 86.75 26.87 139.3 131.4 38.53 37.94 0.815
September 152.4 80.59 27 155.5 147.2 42.83 42.2 0.812
October 157.6 73.62 26.7 172.9 164.2 47.64 46.95 0.812
November 138.2 55.29 24.39 163.9 155.6 45.5 44.89 0.819
December 145.8 47.67 23.01 182.9 174.3 51.13 50.44 0.825
Year 1917.9 876.5 27.68 2021.4 1915.9 552.95 535.49 0.792
21 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, Telangana
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
22 | P a g e
DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-NGRI, HYDERABAD
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 253 KWp.
3 Project Location Uppal Road, Habsiguda, Hyderabad
a) Site Name National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI)
b) State Telangana
e) District Hyderabad
f) Latitude 17.415858 N
g) Longitude 78.552009 E
h) Altitude 505 Mtr. above MSL
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station Secunderabad Railway Station
5 Roof Details
a) Total Area Available (Unshaded) 3032 Sq. M
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Bus bar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per 398.2 MWh
annum
b) CUF 17.96%
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 398.2 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 32.89 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 8.22 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 253 KWp
DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
3|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
4|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at National
Geophysics Research Institute (CSIR-
NGRI)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 253 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Mr. Brabhakar
Designation Principle Technical Officier
Mobile Number 9441264153
E-mail amsbrabhakar@yahoo.com
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
7. Any Other detail relevant for consideration of
support under the scheme by the evaluation
committee
5|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
6|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
10. Capacity of battery bank (Current, Voltage and AH), if Not Applicable
used, any
11. Type of battery proposed (lead acid tubular/ lithium Not Applicable
ion/ NaS/ any other)
12. Details of protections to be deployed on PV array and SPD, DC isolator, DC MCB, AC MCB,
AC output side Fuses, Overcurrent relays, Reverse
power relays.
13. Details of Metering, Indication, Data logging The data logger takes care
operation of data monitoring and regular
data logging of the SPV system.
14. Schematic diagram of the system including protecting DDE
interlocking devices, monitoring and data logging
points to be provided.
15. Details of Mounting system: Roof-top mounting system with
- Roof mounted system Fixed Tilt Hot dip galvanized
- Ground mounted system structure
16. Details of building to install the Electronics Control Existing ACDB Room
Panel and Battery Bank (if any)
(i) Whether any existing building is to be used as control
room
(ii) If a new building is to be constructed, area, estimated
cost, and etc. to be provided and time frame to
construct the building
7|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
8|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
9|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
10 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
11 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
12 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
13 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
14 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
Solar PV modules
String Inverters
Transformers
Balance of Plant
15 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
Maximum Input DC Voltage : 1000 V
MPP Voltage range : 520 V - 800 V
16 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
17 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.
18 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
19 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
20 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 398.2
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1597 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 79.00 %.
The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 149.6 53.05 23.69 182.6 174 37.98 37.43 0.822
February 159.2 51.56 26.48 184.3 175.4 37.55 37 0.805
March 185.3 75.86 29.69 196.5 186.3 39.37 36.57 0.747
April 190.7 77.71 32.31 188.3 178.5 37.28 36.7 0.782
May 197.7 87.88 33.93 182.6 172.3 36.03 35.48 0.78
June 156.5 96.23 29.84 143 134.6 29.15 28.74 0.806
July 139.7 90.47 28.23 129.4 121.8 26.6 26.22 0.813
August 145.1 92.9 26.87 139.3 131.4 28.8 28.39 0.818
September 152.5 80.21 27 155.1 146.8 31.87 28.65 0.741
October 157.6 69.24 26.7 173.4 164.9 35.54 31.89 0.738
November 138.3 52.22 24.39 164.6 156.5 34.05 33.55 0.818
December 145.8 48.97 23.01 182.6 173.9 38.08 37.53 0.825
Year 1917.9 876.3 27.68 2021.7 1916.3 412.3 398.15 0.79
21 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at National Geophysics Research Institute
(CSIR-NGRI), Hyderabad, Telangana
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
22 | P a g e
DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-CECRI, KARAIKUDI
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 315 KWp.
3 Project Location
a) Site Name Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI)
b) State Tamil Nadu
e) District Karaikudi
f) Latitude 10.08N
g) Longitude 78.78E
h) Altitude 82 Mtr. above MSL
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station
Karaikudi Railway Station
5 Roof Details
a) Total Area Available (Unshaded)
3770 Sq. M
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Bus bar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per 508.6 MWh
annum
b) CUF 18.31%
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 508.6 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 32.29 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 8.07 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 315 KWp
DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at at Central
Electrochemical Research Institute
(CSIR-CECRI)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 315 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Mr. G. Sozhan
Designation Chief Scientist & Head
Mobile Number
9843182678
E-mail
sozhan@cecri.res.in
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
7. Any Other detail relevant for consideration of
support under the scheme by the evaluation
committee
5|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
10. Capacity of battery bank (Current, Voltage and AH), if used, Not Applicable
any
11. Type of battery proposed (lead acid tubular/ lithium ion/ Not Applicable
NaS/ any other)
12. Details of protections to be deployed on PV array and AC SPD, DC isolator, DC MCB, AC MCB,
output side Fuses, Overcurrent relays, Reverse
power relays.
13. Details of Metering, Indication, Data logging operation The data logger takes care of
data monitoring and regular
data logging of the SPV system.
14. Schematic diagram of the system including protecting DDE
interlocking devices, monitoring and data logging points to
be provided.
15. Details of Mounting system: Roof-top mounting system with Fixed
- Roof mounted system Tilt Hot dip galvanized structure
- Ground mounted system
16. Details of building to install the Electronics Control Panel Existing ACDB Room
and Battery Bank (if any)
(i) Whether any existing building is to be used as control room
(ii) If a new building is to be constructed, area, estimated cost,
and etc. to be provided and time frame to construct the
building
7|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
8|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
9|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
10 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
11 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
12 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
13 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
14 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
Solar PV modules
String Inverters
Transformers
Balance of Plant
15 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
16 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
Maximum Input DC Voltage : 1000 V
MPP Voltage range : 520 V - 800 V
Nominal AC Output Power, Pac : 50 kW
Nominal AC output Voltage : 400 Vac
Total losses (night consumption) : 2W
Max AC Current : 73 A
Output Grid Frequency : 50 Hz
Max Efficiency : 98.6 %
European efficiency : 98.4 %
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
17 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
18 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
19 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
20 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 508.6
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1605 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 80.04 %.
The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 162.9 63.06 25.67 178 170.4 47.13 46.37 0.82
February 164.2 57.68 27.2 174.6 167.2 45.48 44.71 0.81
March 192.8 74.37 29.54 197.3 188.8 50.79 49.91 0.80
April 182.5 70.78 30.87 180 172 46.06 45.25 0.79
May 177.8 77.83 31.61 169.7 161.5 43.48 42.74 0.80
June 145.4 80.44 30.77 138 131.1 35.7 35.12 0.80
July 156.7 89.47 30.99 149.7 142.2 38.73 38.11 0.80
August 168.0 83.39 30.25 163.5 155.7 42.31 41.61 0.80
September 164.1 72.12 29.29 165.3 157.7 42.79 42.06 0.80
October 156.3 74.54 28.2 162.8 155.5 42.56 41.86 0.81
November 133.4 72.51 26.08 142.3 135.6 37.81 37.22 0.83
December 151.9 55.97 25.49 167.1 160.2 44.31 43.58 0.82
Year 1955.9 872.17 28.84 1988.3 1897.8 517.13 508.56 0.81
21 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
22 | P a g e
DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-SERC, CHENNAI.
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 435 KWp
3 Project Location Chennai, Tamil Nadu
a) Site Name CSIR – Structural Engineering Research
Centre (CSIR-SERC)
b) State Tamil Nadu
e) District Taramani
f) Latitude 12.98N
g) Longitude 80.24E
h) Altitude 82 Mtr. above MSL
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station Thiruvanmiyur Railway Station
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point
415 V Busbar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per
695.5 MWh
annum
b) CUF 18.25%
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 695.5 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 62.59 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 15.65 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 435 KWp
DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at CSIR – Structural
Engineering Research Centre (CSIR-SERC)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 435KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organization
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Mr. B. Natarajan
Designation Asst. Executive Engineer
Mobile Number 9884945567
E-mail bnatarajan@csircmc.res.in
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
7. Any Other detail relevant for consideration of
support under the scheme by the evaluation
committee
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
10. Capacity of battery bank (Current, Voltage and AH), if used, Not Applicable
any
11. Type of battery proposed (lead acid tubular/ lithium ion/ Not Applicable
NaS/ any other)
12. Details of protections to be deployed on PV array and AC SPD, DC isolator, DC MCB, AC MCB,
output side Fuses, Overcurrent relays, Reverse
power relays.
13. Details of Metering, Indication, Data logging operation The data logger takes care of
data monitoring and regular
data logging of the SPV system.
14. Schematic diagram of the system including protecting DDE
interlocking devices, monitoring and data logging points to
be provided.
15. Details of Mounting system: Roof-top mounting system with Fixed
- Roof mounted system Tilt Hot dip galvanized structure
- Ground mounted system
16. Details of building to install the Electronics Control Panel Existing ACDB Room
and Battery Bank (if any)
(i) Whether any existing building is to be used as control room
(ii) If a new building is to be constructed, area, estimated cost,
and etc. to be provided and time frame to construct the
building
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
Solar PV modules
String Inverters
Transformers
Balance of Plant
15 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
16 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
Maximum Input DC Voltage : 1000 V
MPP Voltage range : 520 V - 800 V
Nominal AC Output Power, Pac : 50 kW
Nominal AC output Voltage : 400 Vac
Total losses (night consumption) : 2W
Max AC Current : 73 A
Output Grid Frequency : 50 Hz
Max Efficiency : 98.6 %
European efficiency : 98.4 %
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
17 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
20 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 695.5
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1589 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 80.93 %.
The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 149.6 59.61 25 166.9 160.7 61.75 60.84 0.833
February 164.6 56.25 26.09 179 172.6 65.51 64.52 0.824
March 196.1 69.28 27.96 202.7 195.3 73.13 71.98 0.811
April 194.1 73.23 29.58 191.9 184.2 68.87 67.81 0.807
May 192.6 83.57 31.63 183.7 176 65.42 64.43 0.801
June 169.2 88.78 30.62 159.6 152.7 57.54 56.7 0.811
July 161.2 89.7 30.34 153.2 146.4 55.29 49.98 0.745
August 162.3 88.36 29.38 158.3 151.4 57.29 56.46 0.815
September 160.7 74.43 28.7 162.4 155.9 58.79 55.18 0.776
October 137.4 74.59 27.32 144.2 138.2 52.73 51.94 0.823
November 115.2 68.11 25.46 123.9 118.7 45.97 45.32 0.835
December 123.9 62.7 24.79 137.3 131.8 51.03 50.29 0.837
Year 1926.8 888.61 28.08 1963.1 1883.9 713.33 695.46 0.809
21 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Structural Engineering Research
Centre CSIR-SERC, Chennai Tamil Nadu
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
22 | P a g e
DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-CLRI, CHENNAI
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 360 KWp
3 Project Location Chennai , Tamil Nadu
Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-
a) Site Name
CLRI)
b) State Tamil Nadu
e) District Adyar
f) Latitude 13.00N
g) Longitude 80.24E
h) Altitude 50 Mtrs. above MSL
4 Connectivity
5 Roof Details
a) Total Area Available (Unshaded) 4300 Sq.M
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Busbar at LT Panel
7 Energy generated
Estimated Net Energy Generation per
a) 558.0 MWh
annum
b) Plant Load Factor (PLF) 17.70%
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 558.0 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 35.43 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 8.86 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 360 KWp
DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
3|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
The consultant will prepare the DPR/ proposal for the End Customer as per specific
formats.
The consultant shall have to prepare the complete Bid Documentation including
agreement, tendering, preparing draft agreement between the SPD (Solar Power
Developer) and End Customer. Bid Document for design, manufacture, Supply,
Erection, Testing & Commissioning, completion of solar
power project and subsequent O&M of solar power project covering all technical
requirements for overall design, components, vendor/subcontractor selection,
performance assessment protocol, compliances of various rules and regulations
etc.
Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has allocated & conveyed in principle
approval for setting up of grid connected Rooftop Solar power plant to CEL at
Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI),Chennai, Tamil Nadu
4|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at
Central Leather Research
Institute (CSIR-CLRI)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 360 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
5|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
6|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
7|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
8|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the suppliers
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
9|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
It is responsibility of the company to ensure that major civil work shall have to be planned in the
non-monsoon period. All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of
the project commissioning.
Table 1 Work Plan
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
10 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
A Photovoltaic system is a distributed power generation system that produces electrical power
by harnessing solar radiation and converting it into electricity. Solar power generation plants
come under the category of Renewable Energy sources as they do not involve the use of fossil
fuels such as coal or petroleum for power generation. Solar PV plants are classified broadly into
two major categories based on their location:
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Solar PV modules
String Inverters
Transformers
Balance of Plant
15 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
17 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is
558MWH/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1563 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of
79.62.03 %. The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data
from Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant.
The energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 149.4 65.89 25.1 164 156.8 49.3 48.54 0.828
February 164.5 57.93 26.18 177.1 169.6 52.49 51.64 0.817
March 196.3 72.36 28.06 202.7 194.1 59.45 58.45 0.807
April 194.2 79.81 29.68 193.1 184.6 56.32 55.37 0.803
May 192.5 84.6 31.73 185.6 176.9 53.57 49.02 0.74
June 169.3 85.74 30.72 161.5 153.8 47.11 46.35 0.803
July 161.1 88.13 30.44 154.8 147.2 45.24 40.54 0.733
August 162.2 90.13 29.48 159.3 151.7 46.76 42.96 0.755
September 160.6 77.68 28.8 162.7 155.3 47.74 46.96 0.808
October 137.5 74.22 27.42 143.2 136.8 42.46 41.77 0.817
November 115.2 63.74 25.55 122.7 116.9 36.79 36.22 0.826
December 123.7 58.96 24.89 135.7 129.4 40.86 40.23 0.83
Year 1926.3 899.2 28.18 1962.5 1873.1 578.08 558.03 0.796
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at CSIR-CLRI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
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DETAILED PROJECT REPORT FOR THE SOLAR ROOFTOP
PV SYSTEM AT CSIR-IIIM, J&K
Contents
1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................. 2
2. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3. All Information as per Form B .............................................................................................................. 5
3.1. Project Details [A] ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2. Details of the plant site/location [B] ............................................................................................. 5
3.3. Operation and Maintenance Arrangements [C] ............................................................................ 7
3.4. Project Duration and Implementation Schedule[D] ...................................................................... 8
3.5. Monitoring Mechanism [E] ......................................................................................................... 11
3.6. Costing of Project[F]................................................................................................................... 11
4. Rooftop Solar Power Generation System Description ........................................................................ 12
5. System Description and Specification of the Components ................................................................. 15
6. Bill of material .................................................................................................................................... 20
7. Energy estimation ............................................................................................................................... 21
Annexure-I PV Module & MMS Maintenance Schedule ....................................................................... 22
Annexure-II Inverter Maintenance Schedule .......................................................................................... 22
List of Figures
Figure 1 Typical Solar PV System diagram................................................................................................ 14
Figure 2 Typical solar PV system components ........................................................................................... 15
1|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
1. Executive Summary
Sr. No Data Description
1 Project Promoter M/s CEL, Sahibabad, UP
2 Project capacity 396.58 KWp.
3 Project Location Canal Road, Jammu
a) Site Name Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
(CSIR- IIIM)
b) State Jammu
e) District Jammu
f) Latitude 32.7301 N
g) Longitude 74.74851 E
h) Altitude 350 Mtr.
4 Connectivity
a) Nearest Railway Station Jammu Tavi Railway Station (6.7 km)
b) Nearest Airport Jammu Airport (9km)
5 Roof Details
a) Total Area Available (Unshaded) 4759.5 Sq. M
b) Nature of Roof Flat RCC roof
6 Substation Details
Nearest Grid Interconnection Point 415 V Bus bar at Existing LT Panel Room
7 Energy generated
a) Estimated Net Energy Generation per 599.3 MWh
annum
b) CUF 17.23%
c) Expected Life of Power Plant 25 years
8 Saving
a) Total Energy Saving 599.3 MWh
b) Total Saving (first year) Rs. 36.38 Lakh
c) Total Saving (25 years) Rs. 9.09 Cr
2|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
2. Introduction
This Detailed Project Report is prepared by M/s. Central Electronics. Ltd. (herein after CEL), Site
IV, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, UP, India (herein after CEL) on Detailed Project Report of 396.58
KWp DC Grid Interactive Rooftop Solar PV Power Project.
Government of India has been promoting new and renewable energy sources in a big way.
Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) launched by the Government of India vide
resolution No.30/69/20 13-14/NSM(Pt.) dated 7th January, 2015 by Pres ident of India for setting
up over 100 GW of Solar Power Plants by the year 2020 out of which 40 GW will be in the Rooftop
Solar Power Plant category.
The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy has directed expert agencies to implement the Grid
Connected Rooftop(GCRT) Power Projects in various CSIR Labs. M/S Central Electronics Limited
has been assigned with the implementation of GCRT power projects on the roofs of buildings
belonging to the CSIR Labs. CEL has been entrusted with the task of carrying out the followings
For the better readability the report has been divided to various sections in accordance with the
scope of work to be carried out for the final Project Report. The section being covered in the
report are broadly summarized below.
3|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
4|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
S. No Description Remark
1. Title of the Project SPV Grid tied Project at Indian
Institute of Integrative Medicine
(CSIR-IIIM)
2. Capacity of the plant (kWp) 396.58 KWp
3. Category of the Applicant/Project Proponent Government Organisation
4. Details of the Project Proponent
Name Mr. Ashwini Chopra
Designation Sup. Engineer
Mobile Number 9419797428
E-mail achopra@iiim.ac.in
5. Executive Summary of the Proposal Refer Section 1
6. Objective for implementing the Plant Self-consumption and diesel saving
(a) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
feed-in tariff or competitively discovered rate
(b) Sale of electricity to the distribution licensee at
Average Pooled Price Cost (APPC) and
participation in REC Mechanism
(c) Sale of electricity to third party
(d) Self-consumption total or partial generation
(e) Diesel saving
(f) Combination of above (please mention)
(g) Any other, please specify
7. Any Other detail relevant for consideration of
support under the scheme by the evaluation
committee
5|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
6|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
10. Capacity of battery bank (Current, Voltage and AH), if Not Applicable
used, any
11. Type of battery proposed (lead acid tubular/ lithium Not Applicable
ion/ NaS/ any other)
12. Details of protections to be deployed on PV array and SPD, DC isolator, DC MCB, AC MCB,
AC output side Fuses, Overcurrent relays, Reverse
power relays.
13. Details of Metering, Indication, Data logging The data logger takes care
operation of data monitoring and regular
data logging of the SPV system.
14. Schematic diagram of the system including protecting DDE
interlocking devices, monitoring and data logging
points to be provided.
15. Details of Mounting system: Roof-top mounting system with
- Roof mounted system Fixed Tilt Hot dip galvanized
- Ground mounted system structure
16. Details of building to install the Electronics Control Existing ACDB Room
Panel and Battery Bank (if any)
(i) Whether any existing building is to be used as control
room
(ii) If a new building is to be constructed, area, estimated
cost, and etc. to be provided and time frame to
construct the building
7|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
It is envisaged that the project will have the below mentioned phase of activities. These phases
are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis some degree of
overlapping is envisaged.
1. Project Development
8|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
1. Project Development
In a power project, development of the project plays an important role. The below listed tasks
will be under project development:
In the power plant PV modules and investors are the long lead items and the planning schedule
for the project implementation should provide adequate time period for the installation of these
equipment. The specifications for major equipment like the Modules, Invertors and design shall
be drawn up at an early stage of the project. Program of design information, from the equipment
suppliers, that satisfies the overall project schedule shall be drawn up.
Since, the project execution calls for closer coordination among the contractors, consultants and
the company, proper contract co-ordination and monitoring procedures shall be made to plan
and monitor the project progress.
The procurement is an important function of the implementation of the project. Once the
purchase order is placed, the project team follows up regularly to ensure smooth and timely
execution of the contract and for obtaining technical information for the inter-package
engineering.
When the contract for the equipment are awarded, detailed program in the form of network are
tied up with the supplier to clearly indicate the owner's obligations and the supplier’s
responsibilities. And upon placement of the purchase order, the project team follows up regularly
to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract and or obtaining technical information
for the inter-package engineering. The procurement activity includes review of drawings,
expediting, stage and final pre-delivery inspection, supervision of installation and commissioning.
To expedite supplies from the manufacturers, regular visits to the supplier's works will have to
be undertaken by the project engineers/consultants. The manufacturing program and quality
plans finalized at the time of award of contract. Regular reports shall be prepared indicating the
schedule variations, if any, their likely impact on the delivery schedule, and the recommendations
to meet with the schedules.
During construction, the erection and commissioning phase of all the contracts proceed
simultaneously. Adequate power and water shall be made available for the construction.
9|Page
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
The commissioning phase in a project is one where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will be from manufacturer of the
equipment, consultant and the company. As discussed in the earlier section, staff identified to
operate the plant will be involved in the commissioning phase of the project itself.
When construction phase is complete, the check list designed to ensure that the plant has been
properly installed with appropriate safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the
operating instructions laid down by the plant and equipment manufacturer. The plant shall be
subjected to a performance test, after the successful completion of the performance test of the
plant; the plant will be taken over by the company.
All the statutory clearances will be obtained much before of the start of the project
commissioning.
Work Sub-Work W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8
Design & Engineering
EPC contract finalization
Plant Construction
Mobilization
Vertical Post
installation
Racking installation
Module Installation
Electrical wiring
Inverter Installation
Installing Monitoring &
Control system
Testing &
Commissioning
Supply schedule(Site)
Module Mounting
structure
SPV Module
Cable & Electric
accessories
Inverter
10 | P a g e
Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed. RS485 Modbus
protocol oriented monitoring system will be implemented at the project site for real time data
logging. The mechanism of monitoring system for rooftop PV Plant are tabulated below: -
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
S No. Particulars Unit Cost (Rs. /Wp) Total Cost (Rs. In Lakh)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
i. Ground-mounted Projects: In this case, the solar panels are mounted on mounting
structures that are set up on available land on respective mounting foundations. The entire
system including all the components like modules, inverters, cables, evacuation infrastructure
are based on ground only.
ii. Rooftop Projects: In this case the solar modules are mounted on the roof of an existing
building via appropriate mounting structures. The buildings may be of residential, commercial
or industrial nature. The roofs may be sloping sheet roofs or flat RCC roofs.
Solar irradiation varies throughout the day and since the power output of the system is directly
proportional to the level of irradiation on the module surface, the power output of the solar
array too varies throughout the day. A s a result, the inverter continuously matches the output
of the PV array with a reference power source to maximize the PV array output. Based on this
reference power source, PV systems are classified as:
i. Off-grid systems: In this case, the system comprises a battery bank that functions as the
reference power source as well as a storage mechanism which can supply power at night when
the Sun is not available.
ii. Grid-connected systems: In this case, the solar power system is coupled with the grid
which provides the reference power source and is also an unlimited storage option which can
supply electrical power whenever solar radiation is not available.
The main components of a Grid-connected Rooftop Solar Power Generation System are as
follows:
1. Solar Modules
2. Inverters
3. Module Mounting Structures
4. Balance of System (Cables, Junction boxes, Switchgear etc.)
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
2. Inverter –The inverter converts the DC power produced by the PV modules into AC power.
The AC power is then either injected into the grid or consumed on-site. For grid-connected
rooftop solar applications, inverters come in standard sizes ranging from a few hundred watts to
hundreds of kilowatts, depending on system size. These inverters are usually string inverters,
which have smaller capacities (typically < 90 kW), as opposed to central inverters, which have
larger capacities (typically > 300 kW) and are generally used in MW-scale solar PV projects. There
are many different types of inverters in the market; selection of an inverter for a project depends
on a number of factors, including application, size, cost, function, usage, etc. Inverters also
perform energy monitoring functions. From the technology perspective, inverters have matured
to a large degree and opportunities of cost reduction through technology innovation are not
expected in the market. Top-of-the-line inverters offer efficiencies in the range of 97% - 99%.
3. Module Mounting Structure– The mounting structure, or racking system, is the support
structure that holds the PV panels. PV modules are generally mounted on support structures in
order to more efficiently capture solar insolation, increase generation, and have a stable
structural support. Mounting structures can be either fixed or tracking. Fixed tilt mounting
systems are simpler, low-maintenance and cheaper than tracking systems. Due to these reasons,
fixed tilt mounting structures are the norm in India. Mounting structure designs are highly
specific to the site, and over time have seen improvement in durability and reduction in costs.
Cost reduction is mostly achieved through designs that use less material (mostly steel or
aluminium). Mounting structures for rooftop solar PV installations also require compliance with
regulations or guidelines associated with the structural aspects of the roof, such as load-bearing
capacity, wind loading, etc.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
• Solar PV modules
• String Inverters
• Transformers
• Balance of Plant
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
Physical Dimensions
Length : 1965 mm
Width : 990 mm
Thickness : 42 mm
Weight : 25 kg
Solar Modules are rated under industrial Standard Test Conditions (STC) of solar irradiance of
1,000 W/m² with zero angle of incidence, solar spectrum of 1.5 air mass and 25°C cell
temperature and also at Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) when operating under
800 W/m2 irradiance, 20°C ambient temperature and wind speed of 1 m/s. Solar modules, when
operating in the field typically operate even at higher temperature. This higher operating
temperature of module results in the losses due to the temperature coefficient. For this module
the temperature coefficient is - 0.4383% /K rise in temperature.
Technology Considerations
CEL have compared the inverter connection technologies and recommend ed string inverters
based on the site layout and Indian market share. The typical PCU considered with the following
specification for the purpose e of preparing site layout and energy yield estimation.
Make : Delta
Inverter Cabinet Dimensions
Height : 740 mm
Width : 612 mm
Depth : 278 mm
Weight : 74 kg
Maximum Input DC Voltage : 1000 V
MPP Voltage range : 520 V - 800 V
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
Junction Box
Junction boxes will be made of thick (suitable thickness) sheet steel, suitable for outdoor application.
This will be suitable for mounting on structure steel. Terminal block of 16A rating with disconnecting
links will be present inside the junction boxes. Earthing connection mounts will be provided in
the junction boxes.
The junction Boxes will have suitable arrangement for the followings (typical): -
Ø Combine groups of modules into independent charging sub-arrays that will be wired
into the controller.
Ø Provide arrangement for disconnection of each of the groups.
Ø Provide a test point for each sub-group for quick fault location.
Ø Provide group array isolation.
Ø The current carrying ratings of the junction Boxes will be suitable with adequate safety
factor to inter connect the Solar PV array.
AC Distribution Box
The AC Distribution Box (ACDB) is provided between the PCU and the main LT distribution panel
to provide suitable protection, insulation and change-over between the load and the power
output of the PCU. Standard industrial make ACDB will be used at the project site. Typically, the
ACDB is manufactured from powder-coated metal enclosures and houses the suitably rated MCB,
Isolators and manual change-over switches. The ACDB consists of a distribution feeder that is
used to cater to the existing loads of the facility with solar generated electrical power.
Cabling
Cables used are extremely robust and resist high mechanical load and abrasion. Good
temperature resistance and excellent weatherproofing characteristics also provide long service
life to the cables used. The connectors used have high current capacity and are easy to use.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
LT Cables
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between the solar modules, strings to junction boxes and from junction boxes to
inverters. The LT cables will be laid using GI galvanized cable trays of adequate strength. The
cable will be terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross section area.
1.1kV grade, Al conductor XLPE cables of suitable diameter will be used as the power cable for
connection between inverters and the step-up transform. The LT cables will be laid using
underground cable trenches to reduce transmission and interference loss. The cable will be
terminated using Al Lugs of adequate cross sectional area.
Control Cables
1.1kV Grade, Cu. Conductor, XLPE Armoured Cables will be used for all control cables required
for the Solar Power Plant. These cables will be laid on structural supports and using Galvanized
Cable trays of adequate strength. The cable will be terminated using Cu Lugs of adequate cross
section area.
The terminal end of cables and wires will be fitted with good quality letter and number ferrules
of proper sizes so that the cables can be identified easily.
Earthing System
The earthing for the power plant equipment shall be made as per provisions of IS: 3043. Earthing
system should be made with GI pipe, 3-meter-long & 40 mm diameter including accessories and
providing masonry enclosure with cast iron cover plate having locking arrangement, watering
pipe using charcoal or coke and salt as per IS standards. Necessary provision shall be made for
bolted isolating joints of each earthing pit for periodic checking of earth resistance.
The complete earthing system shall be mechanically and electrically connected to provide
independent return to earth.
In compliance to Rule 33 and 61 of Indian electricity act 1956 (as amended up to date), all non-
current carrying metal parts should be earthed with two separate and distinct earth continuity
conductors to efficient earth electrodes.
Protective Relays
The SPV system and the associated power evacuation system shall be protected as per Indian
Standards. Over Current Relays, Reverse Power Relays and Earth Fault Relays are the minimum
requirements.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
Energy Meter
For the purpose of energy accounting, Solar based generation projects will have to provide ABT
compliant meters at the interface points. Interfacing metering shall confirm to the Central
Electricity Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.
Data Logger
The data logger takes care of data monitoring and regular data logging of the SPV system. The
data logger also allows user to perform monitoring and logging of multiple connected PCU’s.
Once the system is configured real time data can be obtained and displayed.
Following data from the system are logged and displayed.
• Solar radiation
• Ambient temperature
• Module temperature
• DC voltage
• DC current
• DC power
• Grid voltage, frequency, current
• Inverter voltage, frequency, current
• Energy exported
Signboard
The Signboard will contain the brief of the Power Plant. The Signboard will be made of steel
coated aluminium letters with p roper illumination arrangement. The design & size of the
signboard shall be befitting with control room and matter.
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
6. Bill of material
The Supply scope of the EPC contractor shall be deemed to include all such items which although
are not specifically mentioned in the below table but are needed to make the system complete
in all respects for its safe, reliable, efficient and trouble free operation and the same shall be
furnished and erected unless otherwise specifically excluded. The equipment and material for
Rooftop Grid Interactive Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant with associate system (typical) shall
include, but not limited to the following:
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
7. Energy estimation
PVSYST software provides possibility of complex simulation input and output parameters of PV
plant and is also commercially to calculate the total production of electricity. The report deals
with energy yield forecast of Solar photovoltaic plant as follows:
As per the PVsyst simulation results, the estimated energy generation for the first year is 599.3
MWh/year, with Specific Energy Yield of 1508 kWh/KWp/year and performance ratio of 800.37
%. The global solar radiation, diffuse solar radiation and mean hourly temperature data from
Meteonorm has been used for estimation of energy yield for the proposed power plant. The
energy yield estimation as per PVsyst Report is tabulated below:
Month Glob Hor Diff Hor T Amb GlobInc Glob Eff E Array E_Grid PR
kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh
January 83.6 42.9 11.17 113.7 108 40.39 39.84 0.881
February 93.1 49.2 15.15 115.7 109.9 40.09 36.88 0.802
March 141.2 70.5 20.76 161.9 153.5 54.37 53.56 0.832
April 161 81.3 26.39 167.9 159 54.72 53.84 0.807
May 193.3 94.2 32 188.8 178.6 59.77 58.76 0.783
June 187.8 105.1 31.76 178.7 168.9 57.12 56.18 0.791
July 170.9 99.1 30.71 164.4 155.4 53.05 52.19 0.799
August 157.4 92.9 30.12 158.4 149.9 51.35 50.53 0.803
September 161.3 72.3 28.04 180.6 171.5 58.79 57.84 0.806
October 141.1 54.2 24.85 177.2 168.8 58.41 51.61 0.733
November 106.2 37.3 18.21 151.2 144.2 51.66 47.33 0.788
December 82.2 39.4 13.13 117.5 111.8 41.28 40.7 0.871
Year 1679.1 838.4 23.56 1876 1779.5 621 599.27 0.804
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Detailed Project Report of Solar Rooftop PV System at Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Jammu
2 Check for the module against cracks and glass broken – As per requirement
Module mounting Bolts and nuts tightening, visual checks for rust, MMS visual
8
check for rust and paint
D=Daily W=Weekly M=Monthly Q=Quarterly Y-Yearly
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