2-mark questions

1 Define distribution factor.

2 In a 4-pole, 3-phase alternator, armature has 36 slots. The armature winding used is short-pitched by one slot.
Calculate the coil span factor.
3 Compare lap and wave winding.
4 What is the role of yoke in d.c. machine?
5 Determine the generated emf in a 4-pole, lap-connected shunt generator with 300 armature conductors having
flux per pole of 0.1 Wb running at 100 rpm.
6 What is full-pitch and short-pitch coils?
7 State Fleming’s left hand rule.
8 Compare shunt and series field winding.
9 Define critical field resistance.
10 What is armature reaction? What are its effects?
11 Give the voltage and current equations for d.c series and ahunt generator.
12 State the significance of back emf in d.c. motor.
13 Define residual emf in a d.c. generator.
14 How can the direction of rotation of d.c. shunt motor be reversed?
15 Specify the role of interpoles in d.c. machine.

Detail questions

A 4-pole, lap-wound shunt generator supplies 60 lamps of 100 W, 240 V each; the field and armature
1 resistances are 55 Ω and 0.18 Ω respectively. If the brush drop is 1 V per brush, find current per parallel
path and generated emf.
A shunt generator gave the following results in the O.C.C. test at a speed of 800 rpm.
If (A) 1 2 2 4 6 8 10
2 Eg (V) 90 185 251 290 324 345 360
The armature and field resistances are 0.1 Ω and 50 Ω respectively. The terminal voltage is 300 V. Assuming
that flux is reduced by 5% due to armature reaction; find the load supplied by the generator.
A 4-pole, d.c. motor has lap–connected armature winding. The flux per pole is 30 mWb. The number of
3 armature conductors is 250 and armature resistance is 0.6 Ω. When connected to 230 V d.c. supply, it draws
an armature current of 40 A. Calculate the back emf and the speed with which motor is running
A 60 kW, 400 V, 4-pole d.c. shunt motor has wave-connected armature winding with 450 conductors. The flux
4 per pole is 45 mWb. Armature and field resistances are 0.1 Ω and 200 Ω respectively. If the full-load
efficiency of the motor is 90.5%, find the speed, armature torque and shaft torque.
5 How the back emf in a d.c motor makes it self-regulating? State the significance of back emf.
6 Draw and explain the load characteristics of d.c. compound generator.
7 Derive the emf equation of d.c. generator.
8 Derive the torque equation of d.c. motor.