I got 20/20 for this one.

Sorry if some parts are bad, exam condition stress :(

Tourism is one of the world’s largest industries and its presence can be found in almost all
corners of the Earth. Tourism generate $8.8 trillion USD per year and employs 1 in 10 people
globally. There are many factors which shape tourism’s nature and spatial distributions these
include biophysical, ecological, social, cultural, political, organisation economic and
technological.

The biophysical and environmental conditions play a huge role in shaping tourism’s spatial
dimensions and nature. Tourists are often drawn to temperature and warm weather which has
made high concentrations of tourism activity in the pacific and carribean islands such as the
maldives with over 1.5 million tourists each year (the nation has a small population of 500,000).
The biophysical environment can also restrict certain types of developments present in the host
location such as it’s topography, however even in extreme environments etc. Himalaya
mountain regions, tourism is still present. Tourists are also attracted by unique landforms, high
biodiversity or distinct native animals or flaurance. This interest can be seen in the massive
concentration of tourism in rainforests such as in the amazon rainforest where over 700 million
people visit each year. However sarees without unique landforms rely on man made structures
to attract tourists. This can be seen in the construction of water parks and theme parks to attract
visitors in the gold coast or florida, Usa. The host country needs to provide tourists with needs
and demands that they do not have at home. This has resulted in the construction of luxury
resorts in many tourism prone areas.

There are many sociocultural influences which have shaped the nature and spatial patterns of
tourism. Due to increased life expectancy and greater afflency of elders especially the rising
prominence of empty nesters, there has been an increase in tourism undertaken, especially
long term vacations. There has also been a rise in elder specific tourism operators which special
accommodate to elder's needs and demands. Due to globalisation there has been an increase
in business travel, especially by DINKS, SINKS and YuPPIES. The decrease in household size
from 5 children in the 1950s to 2 in 2013 has led to more households taking trips overseas due
to greater leisure expenditure. This has resulted in more tourism in family friendly tourisms
locations such as FIJI OR bALI (all inclusive resorts). There has also been a greater interest in
tourism by younger audiences and due to heavy promotion of gap years and exchange
education programs. This could be seen in Baulkham Hill HS partnership with other international
schools which promotes tourism such as NingBo. Due to more people favouring lifestyles
without children, this has resulted in more casinos and entertainment being built in tourism
locations. This can be seen in the constitution of crown casino in sydney;s inner city suburbs.
There has also been increased appreciation in cultural tourism which has resulted in high
concentration of tourism in places of high heritage such as Science or the great wall of china.
Tourism has also evolved to include indegenous cultural tourism due to increasing interest such
as guided dream time walks in Australia’s alice springs. Tourism has social impacts on the host
communities, many traditional practices or items are often commercialised for the interest of
travels. This can be seen in the Pa-dang tribe of thailand where girls traditionally wear rings
around their necks for cultural significance. However many today who wear rings as paris by
tour operators to show to foregin visitors, There are more tourism in extreme poor regions of the
world such as yemen. This is due to the rise in voluntourism which involves helping the
community whilst travelling. This are also now numerous niche markets to target specific
demographic, tourism has been an increase in culinary tourism where food is the main focus of
travel. This is seen in the hunter valley of nsw.

Political factors also greatly impact tourism. Countries with high political instability tend to have
little to none tourism market. There has been increased visa agreements between countries
which have encouraged tourism. This can be seen in the partnership between NZ and Australia,
also 20% of NZ travellers are from australia. There are also government policies which have
aided tourism and its developments. THIS CAN BE SEEN IN oBAMA’S TRAVEL PROMOTION
ACT IN 2011 WHICH HAVE created brand usa, national tourism agency. The increase of
tourism entering USA by 40% from 2006 to 2012. The government can also aid tourism through
the construction of tourism infrastructures. This can be seen in Melbourne where the VIC
government constructed the Great Ocean rOAD to promote tourism on Melbourne's coasts.
Governments can also place restrictions on tourism, the colosseum in rome only allows 3000
visitors per day.

Organisation factors also determine tourism. The consumers usually the large decision makers
in tourism, the demand of tourism are met by the sullies (host countries). There has also been a
decrease in the power of travel agencies and third parties due to technological advancement
which has led to tourism to be more spatially virtually based. Most decisions and organizational
factors online increase of real life.

Tourism generates over 8.8 trillion USD and provides employment opportunities for all
socioeconomic classes. Tourism employment can be found everywhere on the globe due to its
high labour intensive needs. 1 in 6 jobs are tourism related such as manufacturing and
marketing. Tourism tend to have the most present in small pacific isalnd’s economics. In the
carrbieabn island of Aruba, 88% of its GDp is from tourism related industries. 8 in10 citizens are
employment in tourism,. This has resulted in the complete dependence of tourism in certain
areas. Tourism can errante income for all socioeconomic groups. tTis can range fro TNCS to
informa sectors, However studies have found tourism can lead to child labour and epxoitation.
UNICEF have found high concentration of child labour in tourism areas of jamaica.

Technological factors have greatly shaped tourism. Technology in transportation has expanded
tourism's spatial dimensions greatly. Technological advances have needs tourism more
accessible to all and have further enhanced it’s 24 hours non - stop nature. There are now
tourism opportunities in Antarctica and space by Space X. Due to technology m there is a
greater range of tourism available to consumers. This can range from 7 star hotels in dubai with
an undersea view to backpacker experiences. Technology has also all also all allowed tourists
to have knowledge about tourism experience wirelessly. For example, tourists can check on
amenities and book the hotel on air. Technology has made air plane prices cheaper as little as
$49 and especially with the advances of the airbus800 which can now carry 400 people per trip.
It has lead to more international and intra regional tourism.

Tourism is a massive complex industry that is shaped by numerous factors. These factors
determine its spatial patterns and dynamic nature in various aspects and will continue to
influence tourism in the future.