COURSE REVIEW

I. PART ONE: VOCABULARY

A. COURSE GLOSSARY

Unite 1: Living things

+ living/non-living things, biology, criteria, movement, respond,
reproduction, growth, respiration, surrounding, life activities
+ classify, indicate, grow, respond, avoid danger, supply energy

Unit 2: Cells
+ cell, cytology, erythrocyte, leukocyte, phagocyte, protoplasm,
cavity, cytoplasm, nucleus, vacuole, wall, membrane,
composition, structure, waste, liquid, size, shape
+ transparent, colorless, watery, microscopic
+ differ, confrol life activities, contain, hold/digest food,
eliminate excess water, be composed of

Unit 3: Chemistry
+ matter, energy, space, physics, elements, oxygen, hydrogen,
gas, mixture, compound, property, chemical reaction, element,
molecule, composition, atom, electron, proton, catalyst, symbol
+ take up space, mix, retain properties, separate, spin, share

Unit 4: Tissue
+ epithelium, organ, gland, skeleton, stimuli, impulse, fiber
+ complex, epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous, mature

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 + connect, conduct/receive stimuli, perform a function,
produce blood cells, send out impulses

Unit 5: Bacteria
+ capsule, colony, tail-like extension, flagellum, iron, parasite,
plant, host, organism, saprophyte, sulfur, synthesis
+ slimy, spherical
+ break down (organic materials), feed/live on dead organisms, cea

Unit 6: Anatomical terms

Nouns: ankle, calf, chin, conjunctiva, elbow, ear, face, foot,
heel, iris, lip, mouth, neck, finger, wrist, pupil, shin, tongue
Verbs: bend, blink, blow, draw in, extend, flex, grasp, lean
toward, lift, lower, raise, roll over, rub, scratch, stretch, take
off/on, tighten, turn over

Unit 7: Medical Specialties

allergy, anesthesiology, cardiology, dermatology, internal
medicine, gastroenterology, gynaecolgy, ophthalmology,
obstetrics, otorhinolaryngology, pathology, pediatrics,
pharmacy, pharmacology, physiology, preventive medicine,
surgery (neurological, orthopedic, plastic), radiology,
rehabilitation, urology, vasocardiology

Unit 8: Structure of Your Body

brain, esophagus, gall/urinary bladder, glands, heart, kidneys,
liver, lungs, mouth, pancreas, spleen, stomach, intestines
(small/large), system.

Unit 9: The Skeletal System

Nouns: backbone, breastbone, cartilage, collarbone, cranium,
epiphysis, gristle, ligament, marrow, pelvic girdle, growth
plate, hip, joint, ribcage, shaft, shoulder, skull, spinal cord,
sternum, tendon, thorax, vertebra

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 Adjectives: bony, fixed, flat, irregular, outer, regular,
sừingy, tough
Verbs: encase, grow out, manufacture, support

Unit 10: The Nervous System

Nouns: area (visual, sensory, motor), axon, automatic system,
brain, central nervous system, centers (writing, hearing, taste,
memory, speech), dendrite, extension, impulse, matter (gray/
white), message, nerve (cranial, motor, peripheral sensory,
spinal cord, sense organ, stimulus, synapse,
Verbs: communicate, impulses, pass/receive stimulus, pick
up sensations

Unit 11: Construction of Bones

Nouns: absorption, break, brittleness, calcium salt, callus,
cast, collagen fiber, crystal, degenerate, deposit, deposition,
dissolution, fibroblast, layer, marrow, mass, organic matrix,
mineralization, osteoblast, osteoclast, phosphate precipitation,
proportion, secretion, skeleton, toughness
Adjectives: brittle, constant, decalcified, osteoblastic,
osteoclastic, permanent
Verbs: adjust strength, digest, dissolve, eat away at the
bone, eat holes, lay down new bone, maintain bones, repair,
remain constant, stimulate

Units 12+13: The Respiratory System

Nouns: air sac/tube, alveolus, breathing, bronchiole, bronchus,
carbon dioxide, capillaries, cilia, contraction, diaphragm,
expansion, expiration, lap of cartilage, inspiration, larynx,
mucus membrane, mucosa, nasal cavity, passageway, pharynx,
process, relaxation, respiration, sheet of muscle, thoracic cage,
thorax, trachea, voice box
Adjectives: automatic, horseshoe-shaped, involuntary,
membranous, undesirable
Verbs: choke, collect dust, contract, fold over, expel, lead
to, relax, set off, strain, surround
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 B. EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Choose the one word in the parentheses that BEST com plete
each sentence
1. We can tell the differences between living and non-living th in gs
with the help o f _________(plants, size, biology, animals).
2. Biology Is a _________( science, response, principle, topic).
3. Growth and respiration are the two activities o f _________ (all
things, light, non-living things, only living things).
4. Plants usually grow_________the light, (away from, in the absence
of, toward, without).
5. Both plants and animals respond to ________ . (their surroundings,
danger, light, reproduction)
6. Because living things can respond to. their surroundings, they can
avoid_________. (movement, danger, reproduction, non-living things)
Life has been able to continue for million of years owing to (biology,
respiration, reproduction, energy)

Exercise 2: Choose the correct answers

i_ 1 . Protoplasm is not present In _________.
(A) animals (B) plant (C) cell (D) iron
__2. Food entering the cell _______ passes through cell membrane.
(A) never (B) always (C) usually (D) sometimes
3. Some cells do not have
(A) protoplasm (B) cavities (C) material (D) cell membrane
4. Cytoplasm i s _______
(A) Inside the nucleus (B) the protoplasm outside the nucleus
(C) the same as nucleus (D) not part of living things
5. Before it Is digested, food is held In the cell by th e ________.
(A) nucleus (B) vacuole (C) cellulose (D) water

Exercise 3: SIMILAR/ DIFFERENT: Tell w hether the fo llo w in g

pairs o f sentences are alm ost the same, or similar, or they are very
different
1. Food wastes are eliminated from the cells.
Food wastes are put Into the cells.

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____2. This jelly-like material is always present in living things.
This jelly-like substance always exists in living things.
____3. Glass Is transparent.
Glass is not clear.
____4. Cells are composed of protoplasm.
Cells are enclosed by protoplasm.
____5. Leukocytes are phagocytic whereas erythrocytes are not.
Leukocytes can destroy bacteria but erythrocytes cannot.
Exercise 4: F ill each blank with the one word or sentence you choose
from those in the parentheses.
____ 1. Physics and chem istry a r e ______ (properties, sciences,
compounds, energy).
____2. All of the materials in the universe are called______(molecule,
energy, chemical reactions, matter).
____3. A chemical reaction I s ______ (a mixture, the mixing of
elements, the combining of elements, a compound).
____4. The result of a chem ical reaction i s ______ (an atom, a
compound, a mixture, an element).
____5. The elements in a mixture _ _ _ _ _ (retain their own properties,
lose their properties, become a compound).
____6. ____ _ are composed of atoms( Electrons, Nuclei, Symbols,
Molecules).
____7. In a chemical mixture, the molecules of one kind of elements
a r e ______ by the molecules o f other kinds of elem ents
(unaffected, retained, taken, produced).

Exercise 5: Choose the answ er that has the sam e m eaning as the
word(s) printed in capital letters.
;___ 1. Chemistry Is the study of MATTER.
(A) colorless and odorless
(B) things that have weight and take up space
(C) the structure of atoms
(D) chemical reaction
____2. Scientists have PROVED that there are about 100 basic chemical
elements.
(A) required (B) thought (C) showed (D) suggested
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 ____3. Matter Is anything that TAKES UP space.
(A) supplies (B) destroys (C) fills (D) makes up
____4. Many elements can be COMBINED with other elements.
(A) separated from (B) mixed (C) added to (D) taken from
___ 5. An atom is composed of electrons SPINNING AROUND a nucleus.
(A) running quickly on (B) covering
(C) going around fast on (D) dancing around
Exercise 6: M ark the letter o f the answer that has the same m eaning
as the word(s) in capital letters .
___ 1. The inside of the stomach is LINED with a mucous membrane.
(A) covered on top (B) combined
(C) made of (D) covered inside
___ 2. Many muscles CONTRACT when we walk.
(A) are connected (B) become shorter
(C) become soft (D) are used
___ 3. Water is a FLUID.
(A) good tasting (B) substance (C) mixture (D) liquid
4. Some materials CONDUCT electricity better than others.
; (A) control the strength of (B) permit the movement of
(C) differentiate the kind of (D) breakdown and synthesize

Exercise 7: Choose the right word to fill in the blank.

___ 1. a plant or animal which live upon another living organism is
called a ______
(A) host (B) flagella (0 cells (D) parasite
___ 2. The capsule outside the cell wall of some bacteria______.
(A) protects cells
(B) helps them swim
(C) gives them energy
(D) gives additional protection to their cell walls
___ .3. Some bacteria_____ .
(A) are organic (B) cause diseases
(C) have no cells (D) are called hosts
___ 4. Bacteria use their flagella fo r______.

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 (A) digesting food (B) additional protection
(C) swimming (D) attacking other bacteria
___ 5. Any organism living upon dead or decaying organic m atter
is ca lle d______,
(A) saprophytes (B) parasites (C) cocci (D) hosts

Exercise 8: Choose the word or phrase that has the same m eaning
as the word(s) in the capital letters.
___ 1. Some animals FEED ON other animals
(A) depend on (B) eat (C) take up (D) live with
___ 2. Mrs. Susan couldn't eat well because she HAD A DISEASE.
(A) was very sad (C) was ill
(B) had to work (D) didn't have enough time
__ 3. CERTAIN plants cannot make their own food.
(A) some but not many (B) a variety of
(C) only a few (D) a lot of
___ 4. Oranges are almost always SPHERICAL.
(A) round (B) square (C) oval (D) flat
___ 5. The plants fell down to the earth in a SPIRAL MOVEMENT.
(A) without control (B) in several directions
(C) going round and round (D) very quickly

Exercise 9: Choose the word or phrase that has the same m eaning
as the word(s) in the capital letters.
___ 1. Some animals FEED ON other animals
(A) depend on (B) eat (C) take up (D) live with
___ 2. Mrs. Susan couldn't eat well because she HAD A DISEASE.
(A) was very sad (B) had to work
(C) was ill (D) didn't have enough time
___ 3. CERTAIN plants cannot make their own food.
(A) some but not many (B) a variety of
(C) only a few (D) a lot of
___ 4. Oranges are almost always SPHERICAL.
(A) round (B) oval (C) square (D) flat

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 ___ 5. The plants fell down to the earth in a SPIRAL MOVEMENT.
(A) without control (B) in several directions
(C) going round and round (D) very quickly

Exercise 10: The follow ing words are often used by the physicians in
giving directions to patients during physical examination. M atch the
directions to the patients with an appropriate part o f the body.
1. BEND 15. OPEN your
2. FOLD your 16. TURN OVER your
4. DRAW IN your 17. LOOK AT your
5. BLOW your 18. BREATHE THROUGH your
6. RAISE your 19. LEAN TOWARD your
7. EXTEND your 20. LIE ON your
8. RUB your 21. ROLL OVER your
9. STAND ON your 22. SCRATCH your
10. CROSS your 23. TAKE OFF your
11. LIFT your 24. SPREAD your
12. TIGHTEN your 25. LOWER your
13. RELAX your 26. CLOSE your
14. FLEX your 27. SHAKE your

Exercise 11: Complete the statements with appropriate words.

___ 1. My arm was very sore after playing tennis. To relieve the stiffness,
I ______some ointment over the sore area.
^
___ 2 His vision was completely blurred from the smoke and soot,
and he had to keep______in order to focus his eyes.
___ 3. He was v e ry______after taking the sedative and exhibited no
signs of nervousness at all.
___ 4. He was so obese that he could not perform the simplest of
exercises such a s ______down to touch his toes.
___ 5. Please do not _ the sore on your arm with your fingernails.
It may become infected if you open it.
___ 6. The doctor noticed several red blotches on the soft palate o f
the patient when s h e ______her tongue.

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___ 7. Susan's arm had been ______behind her back while practising
judo and now hung limply from her right shoulder.
___ 8. During hydrotherapy the patient began to slo w ly______her
toes until they regained full flexibility.
___ 9. She didn't believe anything the doctor said a n d ______ her
eyebrows to show her doubt.

E xe rcise 11: Com plete each statem ent by supplying the ap p ro p riate
inform ation in the blank spaces.
___ 1. The nurse felt the patient's______to see if he had a fever.
___ 2. The spine is often referred to as t h e ______.
___ 3. My ears need to be Irrigated because they have too m uch
______in them.
___ 4. He has a large scar on his _ just below his left eye.
___ 5. His right eye has b e e n ______since birth.
___ 6. He is allergic to mangoes and gets a skin ____ every tim e
he eats them.
___ 7. His arm Is v e ry ______from playing too much tennis.
___ 8. H is ______was removed but he can still bend his knees.
___ 9. T h e _____ of his hand was burned by acid.
___ 10. After th e ______or his lungs, the patient died.

Exercise 12: Please read the fo llo w in g sentences a n d fill in the blan ks
with the correct words from above.
___ 1. The branch of medicine that deals with and treats the essential
nature of disease is c a lle d ______. It is especially concerned
with the structural and functional changes in tissues and organs
of the body.
___ 2. ______is concerned with the study of the urinary tract and
the genital organs. It Is concerned with the development of the
kidney stone along with other urinary tract problems.
___ 3. If someone wants to study the branch of medicine that deals
with temporary loss of pain, he should study _ _ _ . It is
concerned especially with the loss of pain which permits surgery
or other painful; procedures.
___ 4. If l have a skin rash or an itching of the skin, I might go to a
doctor who has specialized i n ______.

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 _5. ______is a branch of medicine which deals with the u se of
radioactive substances in the diagnosis and treatm en t of
diseases. It will make use of cobalt and X-ray treatment
_6. _______________ deals with the ears, nose, and throat.
_7. His leg did not grow correctly and it is now deform ed or
malformed. His mother should get him to a doctor w ho is a
specialist in _____ .
_8. If someone wants to study the branch of medicine dealing
with the development and treatment of children and w ith the
care of childhood diseases, he must study______.
_9. The specific area of medicine which deals with the management
of pregnancy, labor, and the treatment of the child after labor
is known a s _____ .
.1Ọ. The branch of medicine which deals the disorders of the organ
of thought, judgment, and emotion; the mental life including
both conscious and unconscious processes is '
.11. A ______is a person who has studied general medicine, but
has not specialized in any one branch.
.12. The study of the nervous system is called ______
.13. The study and practice o f ______seeks to avoid disease by
preventing it.
.14. ______is concerned with surgery of the nervous system.
.15. The study and treatment of the disease of the female, particularly
the genital, urinary or rectal organs is ______.
.16. The study of drugs, their origin, nature, properties and their
effect upon living organisms is called ___________ .
.18. If a person is having eye trouble, he had better see an

Exercise 12: F ill the blanks with the words yo u choose fro m the
options.
.1. The basic unit of your body structure is ____________.
(A) the heart (B) the gene (C) the cell (D) the tissue
.2. The outer layer of skin tissue is formed by ____________ .
(A) the nucleus (B) associated glands
(C) a great many skin cells (D) connective tissue

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___ 3. The stomach has the function o f ___________
(A) eating food (B) digesting food
(C) holding foreign substances (D) absorbing blood
___ 4. All cells a re ____________in size.
(A) big (B) similar (C) alike (D) different
___ 5. A nucleus is found In most ,________ .
(A) membranes (B) vacuoles (C) substances (D) cells
___ 6. The gene lines i n _________
(A) the stomach (B) the cell
(C) the heart (D) The cell's nucleus
___ 7. The body grows through______ _
(A) cell classification (B) an unknown mechanism
(C) cell division (D) the action of cytoplasm
___ 8. All cells in our body are alike in that they ___________ .
(A) contain acid (B) are not surrounded by walls
(C) are fill up with cytoplasm (D) are rather big

Exercise 13: Write the letter, you choose you think best com pletes
each statement
____1. The special cells In the bone are calle d___________ ,
(A) marrow (B) active cells (C) osteocytes (D) lymphocytes
____2. The active portion of the bone Is____________,
(A) around the bone (B) outside the bone
(C) around the ligament (D) inside the bone
____3. The Inner portion of the bone is ca lle d ___________ ,
(A) a sponge (B) red blood cells
(C) joints (D) marrow
____4. The knee and the elbow joints a re ________
(A) slightly movable (B) immovable
(C) very movable (D) not movable
____5. Calcium is produced in ____________.
(A) bone marro (B) red blood cells
(C) joints (D) osteocytes

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 6. The vertebral colum n ___________ the spinal cord.
(A) completes (B) goes around (C) divides (D) holds up
7. The ribcage is attached in the front to t h e ____________
(A) rib (B) sacrum (C) backbone (D) sternum
.8. The thoracic cage must be movable to allow the lu n g s
t o ____________.
(A) collapse (B) enlarge (C) shorten (D) contract
.9. The rib cage i s ___________ ,
(A) square (B) straight (C) curved (D) triangular

Exercise 14: Replace the capital words with those from the reading
selection that have sim ilar meaning.
__ _ Ị . Our body is HELD UP by the skeleton.
____2. The MAIN function of the skeleton is to GIVE SUPPORT TO
the body.
____3. The skull, which is a shell MADE of bone, gives protection to
the brain.
I 4. The SPINE Is BUILT UP of 33 bones called vertebrae.
____5. Of the twelve pairs of ribs, ten pairs fasten themselves to the
BREASTBONE.
___ _6. The hard outer portion of each bone contains special
cells called BONE-MAKING CELLS.
____7. The marrow RESEMBLES a sponge.

Exercise 15: Complete each sentence by fillin g in the blanks w ith

proper words.
__ _1. The special cells In the bone are ca lle d ________
__ _2. The outer portion of the bone Is very ___________ .
____3. The inner portion of the bone is called____________ .
____4. The vertebral co lu m n___________ the spinal cord.
5. The ribcage is attached in front to t h e ____________
_6. The bones protect________ _ organs in the body.
7. The thoracic cage must be to allow the lung to
contract.

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____8. Calcium , w hich is a _____________, is necessary in th e
development of the body.
____9. Ligaments are made up of ___ ________ tissue.

E x e r c is e 16: C h oo se the one w o rd th a t B E S T com pletes e a c h

statement.
____1. Our ability of taking notes and responding to our surrounding
w o rld _________ the nervous system.
(A) depends on (B) controls (C) affects (D) decjdes
____2. Peripheral nerves including the twelve cranial nerves_________
mostly the sense organs.
(A) constitute (B) serve (C) affect (D) make up
____3. The brain Is a soft,_________mass of tissue.
(A) black (B) spongy (C) hard (D) spherical
____4. The brain Is th e _________center of the entire nervous system.
(A) speech (B) motor (C) control (D) writing
____5. Each neuron contains a nucleus surrounded b y _________.
(A) protoplasm (B) watery fluid (C) cytoplasm (D) a wall
____6. If an axon or dendrite i s _________ , it will often heal and
function again.
(A) destroyed (B) cured (C) cut (D) dyed
____7. T h e _________ nerves carry stimuli to the brain.
(A) motor (B) sensory (C) cranial (D) peripheral

E xe rcise 17: W rite the word(s) on the lin e before the corresponding
definition.

a. receive b. neuron c. heart d. consist o f e. conspicuous

f. m oto r nerves g. synapse h. nervous system i. E n tire ly j. b u t fo r

____1. The basic unit of the nervous system.

___ 2. The vital organ of the circulatory system.
____3. Take something offered or sent.
___4. Include.
____5. A combination of nerve cells.
___ 6. Places where a nerve Impulse passes from one nerve cell to another.

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 ____7. Easily seen.
____8. Those nerves that carry impulses from the brain or other nerve
centers to the muscles.
____9. Without.
____10. Completely.

Exercise 18: F ind the answer with the sam e meaning as the word(s)
written in capital letters. Write the letter on the line on the left.
____1. BITS of bone that are longer essential to the skeleton are
dissolved and absorbed by osteoclasts.
(A) small pieces (B) small amount
(C) part of the bone (D) heads
____2. Osteoclasts are LOCATED in many cavities throughout all bones.
(A) places (B) inserted (0 situated. (D) destroyed
___ 3. Dissolution of the matrix and bone salts occurs SIMULTANEOUSLY.
(A) at the same time (B) side by side
(C) at the same speed (D) in the same manner
____4 . The blood pressure must remain CONSTANT.
(A) continuous (B) fixed
(C) at a high level (D) continual
___ 5. At this time the osteoclasts are CONNECTED to the osteoblasts
and new bone begins develop.
(A) separated (B) attached (C) reached (D) sealed
___ 6. The osteoblasts are ASSIGNED the job of maintaining the bone
around it.
(A) supplied (B)given (C) suggested (D) applied for
___ 7. CONSEQUENTLY, bones thicken when subjected to heavy loads.
(A) as a result (B) so (C) therefore (D) all of these
___ 8. The normal toughness of bone is generally maintained by the
CONSTANT formation of new bone matrix.
(A) unchangeable (B) successive (C) continual (D) steady

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 Exercise 19: Com plete each statem ent w ith the proper words y o u
choose from those given on the left.

FOREIGN 1. The true cause o f th is rare disease _________

unknown.
PHARYNX 2. Birth is a vital measure to slow down the birth
rate in countries where there is an explosion o f
population.
CONTROL 3. Artificial_________ is the procedure for causing th e air
to flow into and from the lungs by any mechanical
means when natural breathing ceases.
RESPIRATION 4. If_________objects are swallowed, they most often
pass harmlessly along the food passage and are
excreted.
REMAINS 5. The nose and the________ also takes part in conveying
the air to and from the lungs.
CONTROLS 6. We can, if we wish, stop breathing or ___________
increase either the rate or depth of respiration for a
short time.
LARYNX 7. A nerve center in the hind brain, called the respiratory
center_______respiration.
VOLUNTARILY 8. The pharynx leads to two passages: One, the esophagus
which is for food, and the other, th e _______is for air.

Exercise 20: F ill in the blanks with words you have ju s t studied.

____ 1. Breathing is a __________ over which man has only some control.
____ 2 . Due to other body systems, respiration becomes somewhat
automatic and__________.
____3. Just inside the nostrils are tiny hairs or cilia which___________
or filters particles of dust from the air so that they do not enter
the lungs.
____4. The mucus as well as the cilia ______ dust and foreign matter.
___ 5. When food is swallowed, the epiglottis folds over the opening
of the larynx. If this fails to occurs, the food starts down the
wrong tube and causes the person to choke.

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 Exercise 21: Replace the words printed in capital letters with the ones
fro m the reading selection that have sam e meaning.
____1. Respiration is an involuntary process. It is unable to control it
ENTIRELY.
____2. Dust and undesirable foreign materials are REMOVED from the
air we breath in by tiny hairs lust inside the nostrils
____3. Before the air enters the lungs, it is cleaned, MADE SLIGHTLY
WET and warmed by the nose and nasal cavities.
____4. The pharynx FUNCTIONS as a passageway for both food and air.
____5. When the air GETS TO the opening of the larynx, THE FLAP OF
CARTILAGE at
The opening remains open to let the air enter the pharynx.
____6. When the epiglottis cannot cover the opening of the larynx,
food BEGINGTO ENTER the wrong tube and cause you to choke,
which CAUSES the coughing
Reflex TO START HAPPENING. This reflex helps TO SEND the
food OUT FROM the larynx.

Exercise 22: Circle the letter o f the item which BE ST completes the
statem ent to show that you understand the reading selection.
■i 1 . The lungs are connected to the trachea b y __________ .
(A) the vocal cord. (B) the alveoli.
(C) the bronchi. (D) the diaphragm.
2. The lungs consist of __________ .
(A) the bronchioles. (B) oxygen.
(C) the alveoli. (D) all of the preceding.
3. The air sacs of the lungs are encircle b y _______ :___ .
(A) air (B) blood capillaries
(C) oxygen (D) tough membrane.
4. The cartilage of the trachea is shaped like __________
(A) a horse-shoe (B) the letter c
(C) a shoe (D) a square box
5. The alveoli g e t________ from the blood.
(A) membrane, (B) oxygen (C) blood, (D) carbon dioxide.

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 ____6. There i s ______around the cords which move back and fo rth
when a person talks.
(A) bone (B) muscle (C) tough tissue (D) a thin membrane
____7. The blood vessels which surround the air sacs receive______
from them.
(A) blood (B) oxygen (C) contractions (D) bronchioles
____8. During Inspiration, a person i s _______.
(A) taking air into the body (B) neither of the preceding
(C) breathing out (D) both of the preceding
____9. The larynx is also c a lle d ________.
(A) the pharynx (B) the vocal cords
(C) the voice box (D) none of the preceding
____10. The relationship between the air sacs and the capillaries is what
makes_______.
(A) a person talk (B) a person inhale
(C) breathing possible (D) expansion of the lungs possible

E x e rcise 23: Choose the w ord(s) that best com plete(s) each o f the
below sentences.

1. absence 2. d ire ctio n 3. indicates 4. as w e ll as 5. energy

6. in clud e 7. classified 8. avoid 9. move 10. respond to

1 Evidence_________that the experiment was successful.

_____ 2. W h ich_________is it to the nearest hospital?
____3. This lesson will an exercise on medical terminology.
___ 4. He Is very sick but he is beginning to_________the medicine
the doctor prescribed for him yesterday.
___ 5. The botanist studies the new plants carefully a n d _________
them into two different groups.
6 Tom's left leg Is badly hurt, so he is unable t o _________.
____7. Susan i s _________from work today, she may get sick.
He had so much that he did the work of three men.
___ _9. It is usually best t o _________overdosing drugs.

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 Exercise 24: Choose the word(s) that best complete(s) each o f the
below sentences.

a. bend b. flexible c. pass through d. phagocytic

e. adhesive f. amoeboid g. motile h. stretch
i. permeable j. elastic k. impermeable 1. cell
1. Some cells can pass through capillary walls. In other w ords
capillaries a re ______.
____2. Some white blood cells can destroy bacteria. They a re ______ .
___ 3. Platelets are very small particles, which stick together to stop
bleeding, i.e. they are ______.
____4. Erythrocytes cần ______to get through narrow blood vessels
and then return to their original shape.
____5. Blood cells cannot pass through artery walls. This means that
arteries are______ .
____6. Leukocytes can move around in the tissue. In other words they
a re ______.
___ 17. Leukocytes can pass through capillary walls. Capillary walls are
______to leukocytes.
^8. Both erythrocytes and leukocytes can bend to various shapes.
They a re ______.
____9. Some ells move like the amoebae. They have the property o f
_ movement.

Exercise 25: Choose the word(s) that best complete(s) each o f the
below sentence.
a. physics b. weight c. properties d. combines
e. symbol f. retain g. odor h. atoms
1. ______is the force with which a body is attracted by the earth.
life
2. The methods used in measuring length, time and mass require
p a knowledge of all branches o f ______.
II’
is 3. A molecule of water has two_____of hydrogen and one of oxygen.
i
W-'
4. The ______# denotes approximately equal to.
S1 5. Phagocytic is one of the ______of leukocytes.
b
r 6. Hydrogen ______oxygen to form water.

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____7. Water ______ heat much longer than air.
____8. Sulfur often has an unpleasant ______,

E xe rcise 26: Choose the word(s) that best com plete(s) each o f the
below sentences.
a. blood b. b ra in c. fibers d. function e. glands f. im pulses
g. responses h. skin Ỉ. spinal cord j. stimulus k. stomach I. system

____1. The______ runs from the brain to the lower parts of the back.
____2. ______is an essential liquid in the body.
____3. A tree is made up of thousands of strong______.
____4. Food is broken down for the use of the body In t h e ______ .
____5. When a driver sees a red light, he is responding to a ______ .
6. Staying in the sun too long will make th e ______dark.
____7. Which of the body has the function of eliminating wastes.
____8. The most Important____of the blood is to provide energy for
the body.
____9. Sm all______in the mouth release fluids that helps break down
food.
____10. T h e _____ makes it possible for man to think and learn.

Exe rcise 27: W rite the word(s) on the lin e before the corresponding
definition.
a receive b. neuron c. heart d. consist o f e. conspicuous
f. motor nerves g. synapse h. nervous system i. Entirely j. but for

_____1. The basic unit of the nervous system.

_____2. The vital organ of the circulatory system.
_____3. Take something offered or sent.
'____ 4. Include .
_____5. A combination of nerve cells.
____ 6. Places where a nerve impulse passes from one nerve cell to another.
____ 7. Easily seen.
____ 8. Those nerves that carry impulses from the brain or other nerve
centers to the muscles.
____ 9. Without.
____ 10. Completely.

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 Exercise 28: C o m p le te th e blan ks w ith th e g ive n w ords.

a. fibroblasts d. degenerate g. m atrix

b. stress e. osteocytes h. osteoblastic
c. osteoclasts f. holes i. osteoblasts

____1. D issolving and absorbing bits o f bone w hich a r e no

longer Important to the efficient design of the skeleton is the
task of ______ .
____2. Osteoclasts can form from__________ , or even from__________
in the bone marrow.
____3. Osteoclasts actually e a t__________in large areas of the bone.
____4. Bone ordinarily adjusts its strength in proportion to the degree
of bone___________.
____ 5. Continual physical stress stimulates__:_____ deposition of bone.
____6. The normal toughness of bone is generally maintained by the
constant formation of new b o n e _________
7. When bone ages, it becomes relatively weak and brittle as the
old matrix begins t o ____.

Exercise 29: D efine the fo llo w in g terms.

Biology, cytology, colorless, dermatitis, osteotitls, hepatitis, gastrectomy,
otorhlnolaringology, obstetrics, psychiatry, pediatrics, cardiology,
radiology/neurology, ophthalmology, anesthesiology, arthritis, cranlology,
laparatomy, m yelitis, perlcaridiurh, hypotension, hyperglycem ia,
intracellular.

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