Oral Communication 1.
2 > Proverb – short saying that offers
FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNICATION
1.) Regulatory/Controlled
- done for people to follow an
authority
- more noticeable in formal
organization than informal
2.) Social Interaction
- communication between two or
more people; interaction depends on time,
place, roles, or their relationship
3.) Motivation
- stimulating an individual or group
of people to do a target goal
4.) Information
- impart facts and needed
knowledge
5.) Emotional Expression
- communication as way to express
your emotions; nonverbal cues are usually
louder than verbal expressions
CUES – prompts that listeners and
speakers say or show to expect a response
or reaction; verbal & non-verbal
Verbal cues – used in giving instruction,
asking question, delivering a speech since
they are articulated in words
> Direct cues – clear statements of
instructions; listener es expected to respond
> Indirect cues – less obvious about
what is expected & might come in the form
of questions
Non-verbal cues – non-verbal behavior or
objects to which meaning is assigned
> Substituting for & repeating
words using emblems
> Complementing & accepting
words using illustrations
> Contradicting words using mixed
message
> Regulating verbal using
regulators
> Defining the social and emotional
aspects of many interactions
ORAL TEXTS – intended as signs of
written texts or literature;
- performed & verbally transmitted using
arts & language
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a guide to good conduct and warns against
foolish acts
> Poetry – oral poetry for political
power, economic reward & cooperation,
religious satisfaction, describe nature, love
& other things; animate the words in a
metric form
> Song – characterized by the
highest degree of musicality & of other
aspects of performance; for diff purposes &
meanings
> Riddle – question in a form of
statement or one-word hint as a brainteaser
for the audience; used in a entertaining
atmosphere
> Oral Narrative – story delivered
by an oratory performance
> Mixed Genre – combination of
one or more types of oral texts
LEVELS OF COMMUNCATION
Intrapersonal Communication – type of
communication we use when we talk to or
communicate with ourselves
Interpersonal Communication – when we
talk with another person or a group of
people
> Dyadic Communication – when two
people communicate face to face
> Small Group Communication – when
three of more individuals communicate
Public Communication – occurs when a
person delivers a speech in a public setting;
speech has preset intentions that usually
affects the audience
REASONS FOR SPEECH: to entertain, to
inform, to persuade
Mass Communication – “one is to many”;
uses media (old media & new media) as
medium to communicate to mass audiences
SPEECH STYLES
- talks about your way of communicating
Intimate Style – when you are close to the
person and you communicate on a regular
basis; may include private language
Casual Style – receiver is a member of the
same subculture or same age bracket;
common way of speaking, words, & phrase PERLOCUTION – the action or state of
& also non-verbal communication mind as a result of sating something
a.) Slang – used by younger people to be set
apart from others Keywords:
> country slang Locution – Utterance
> urban slang Phonic – forming
> gay slang Phatic – syntax
> common slang Rhetic – evaluating
b.) Jargon - words/phrases in a particular Illocution – Intention
field Perlocution – Effect
c.) Contractions – short version of words
formed by removing letters
Consultative Style – when we talk to
strangers, speaker makes use of
professional or mutually accepted
language; the listener also gives a feedback
Formal style – does not encourage
feedback, functions to impart information
Frozen Style – fixed speech because the
language does not change in time; oaths,
prose, poetry, ceremonies

SPEECH ACTS
LOCUTION – act of producing an
expression that is meaningful
Sub-acts
Phonic Act – act of producing an
utterance-inscription; sequence of vocal
sounds and written symbols
Phatic Act – act of producing linguistic
expression in a particular language
Rhetic Act – contextualizing and
evaluating the utterance-inscription
ILLOCUTION – the actions performed
by the speaker in producing a given
utterance; the intention of the speaker
Categories:
Assertive – giving information about some
state of affairs from the speaker to the
receiver
Directive – to make the receiver do
something or carry out an action
Commissive – engage the speaker to carry
out a future course of action
Expressive – expressing the speaker’s
emotion or attitude about an event or
proposition
Declaration – for effecting immediate
changes & bring into existence the state of
affairs by which it refers

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