Multiple Choice

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answers

1.The processes involved in the rock cycle include all of the following EXCEPT ____.
a. condensation c. weathering
b. erosion d. compaction
2.The ____ shows how one rock changes into another.
a. rock cycle c. formation of crystals
b. melting process d. none of the above
3.Sedimentary rocks are changed to sediments by ____.
a. weathering and erosion c. cementation
b. compaction d. heat and pressure
4.Igneous rocks form from ____ when it cools.
a. magma c. neither a nor b
b. lava d. both a and b
5.All of the following conditions in Earth can cause metamorphic rocks to form EXCEPT ____.
a. pressure c. heat
b. the presence of hot, watery fluids d. exposure to air
6.Sedimentary rocks are ____.
a. formed from magma
b. a type of foliated igneous rock
c. formed because of changes in temperature and pressure, or the presence of hot watery
fluids
d. formed when loose materials become pressed or cemented together or when minerals form
from solutions
7.A rock is always ____.
a. made of molten material
b. a mixture of minerals, organic matter, volcanic glass, or other materials
c. formed by heat and pressure
d. either igneous or sedimentary
8.Rocks are formed when magma or lava ____.
a. erodes c. undergoes radioactive decay
b. crystallizes d. weathers
9.The rock cycle indicates that each type of rock can ____.
a. provide materials to make other rocks
b. form other rocks
c. be changed by forces at Earth's surface
d. all of the above
10.Which type of scientist analyzes the composition of rocks?
a. an environmentalist c. a biologist
b. a naturalist d. a geologist
11. Which is a tectonic process that forces rocks up from beneath Earth’s surface?
a. melting c. deposition
b. uplift d. crystallization
12. Rocks can change throughout many different processes through the rock cycle. All of the following change rocks
on Earth’s surface except _____.
a. weathering c. deposition
b. melting d. compaction
13. Which of the following is true about rocks?
A. Rocks are composed of only one mineral. B. Rocks do not contain minerals.
C. Coal is not considered a rock. D. Most rocks are a mixture of minerals.
14. Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of rock?
A. Igneous B. Sedimentary C. Magma D. Metamorphic
15. Metamorphic rock forms as a result of
A. Heat and pressure B. The cooling of magma C. Compaction of sediments D. The melting of rock
16. A rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth's surface is called an
A. Intrusive metamorphic rock. B. Intrusive igneous rock. C. Extrusive sedimentary rock.
D. Extrusive igneous rock.
17. Which of the following is an example of an extrusive igneous rock?
A. Basalt B. Coal C. Sandstone D. Granite
18. Which of the following represents the correct order of the processes responsible for the formation of sedimentary
rocks?
A. Erosion, weathering, compaction, cementation, deposition B. Compaction,cementation, deposition, weathering, erosion
C. Deposition, cementation, compaction, erosion, weathering
D. Weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
19. What rock-forming process occurs when hot magma comes near and heats up rock?
A. Regional metamorphism B. Biochemical sedimentation C. Contact metamorphism D. Deposition
20. Fossils are found only in
A. Intrusive igneous rocks. B. Extrusive igneous rocks. C. Sedimentary rocks. D. Metamorphic rocks.
21. 1)Magma that forces its way into rock and hardens is called a(n)
a)extrusion b)unconformity c)fault d)intrusion
22) A petrified fossil forms when
a) minerals seep into the empty space of a mold. b) minerals replace all or part of an organism.
c) an organism becomes trapped in amber. d) the weight of sediment squeezes everything away except carbon.
23) The earliest forms of life appeared during
a) the Paleozoic Era. b) the Cenozoic Era. c) Precambrian Time. d) the Mesozoic Era.
24) On the Geologic Time Scale, eras are divided into
a) epochs. b) indexes. c) periods d) relative dates.
25) Fossils provide evidence for all of the following except for:
a. changes in the Earth’s surface b. how Earth originally formed.
c. how environments on Earth have changed overtime. d) how groups of organisms have changed over time.
26) A part of the Mesozoic Era, named for the Jura Mountains in France, is
a) Cenozoic Era b) Carboniferous Period c) Paleozoic Era d) Jurassic Period
27) Most fossils form when organisms die and are buried in
a) sediment b) fault c) unconformities d) ice
28) The Mesozoic Era is often called the
a) Age of Mammals b) Age of Fish c) Age of Reptiles d) Age of Amphibians
29) Scientists use radioactive dating to
a) determine the absolute ages of rocks. b) discover the source of index fossils.
c) determine the relative ages of extrusions. d) find trace fossils in igneous rock.
30. A scientist who studies fossils is called a(n)
a. seismologist b. paleontologist c. anthropologist d. scientist
31 Which of the following is NOT an example of a vertebrate?
a. plant b. fish c. human d. bird
32. Approximately how long ago did the Big Bang take place?
a. 10-15 thousand years ago b. 10-15 million years ago c. 100-150 million years ago d. 10-15 billion years ago
33. What is the name of the large supercontinent that existed 200 million years ago when all of the continents were
together?
a. San Andreas b. Andian c. Indian d. Pangaea
34. The Andes Mountains of South America are a result of which type of plate boundary?
a. convergent b. divergent c transform d. they are not related to a plate boundary
35. The name of the layer of the Earth that separates the crust from the core is the ___?
a. magma b. lithosphere c. asthenosphere d. mantle
36. The greatest threat to our environment is ___________?
a. volcanoes b. earthquakes c. humans d. bacteria
37. He proposed the theory of continental drifting.
a. Alfred Wegener b. James Hutton c. Art Smith d John Butler
38. The crust and upper mantle make up Earth's ____.
a. lithosphere c. Core
b. asthenosphere d. Continents
39. Wegener believed that the continents were assembled as part of a supercontinent about ____ years ago.
a. 250 million b. 350 million c. 450 million d. 650 million
40. Is a linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other?
a. divergent boundary b. . convergent boundary c. transform d. no boundaries
41. The material that constitutes the earth’s surface plates is the
A. asthenosphere B. mesosphere C. thermosphere D. lithosphere
42. The person to propose the hypothesis of continental drift in 1911 was
A. Wegener B. Hess C. Richter D. Dewey E.Wilson
43. The supercontinent composed of all the major continents joined together in the
A. Precambrian B. Cenozoic C. Paleozoic D. Mesozoic
44. The breakup of the above supercontinent occurred in the
A. Precambrian B. Cenozoic C. Paleozoic D. Mesozoic
45. S waves travel through________?
a. travel through solids, liquids and gases. b. travel through liquids but not solids
c. travel through solids but not liquids d. do not travel through solids and liquids
46. Body waves consist of the:
A. P and S waves B. Surface waves C. P waves only D. S waves only
47. In general, the most destructive earthquake waves are the __________ .
A. P waves B. S waves C. Surface waves D. Q waves
48.also known as strato volcanoes, are steep sided cones formed from layers of ash and lava flows.
a. Composite Volcanoes b. Shield Volcanoes c. dome volcanoes d. Mt. Apo
49. Is heat derived within the sub-surface of the earth.
a. Geothermal energy b. hydrothermal energy c. biomass energy d. Solar energy
50. is energy generated or produced by living or once-living organisms.
a. Geothermal energy b. hydrothermal energy c. biomass energy d. Solar energy