India - Key Indicators SECNEICS NIndia

OITAL-UKey
POP Indicators
ROF ETUTITSNI LANOITANRETNI INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR POPULATION SCIENCES SECNEICS NOITALUPOP ROF ETUTITSNI LANOITANRETNI
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nooiissiiV
V Vision:
Vision: “To
“To position
position IIPS
IIPS as
as aa premier
premier teaching
teaching and
and research
research institution
institution in
in population
population sciences
sciences responsive to emerging
responsive to emerging ggn
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nooiissiiV
V

Gujarat
””..n
nooiittcceetto
orrpp sstth
hggiirr d
dnnaa yyttiivviittiissn
neess ,,n
nooiissu
ullccn
nii ffo
o sseeu
ulav no desab sdeen labolg dna lanoittaan
l av n o d e s a b s de e n l a b o lg d n a l a n o i national and global needs based on values of inclusion, sensitivity and rights protection.” ””..n
noitcetorp sthgir dna ytivitisnes ,noisulcni fo seulav no desab sdeen labolg dna lanoittaan
o i tc e t o r p s t hg i r d n a y t iv i t i s ne s , n o is u l c n i f o se u l av n o d e s a b s de e n l a b o lg d n a l a n o i

Gujarat
n national and global needs based on values of inclusion, sensitivity and rights protection.” n
Fertility
FertilityTrends
Fertility
Fertility Trends
Trends
Trends Trends
Trends in
in Infant
Infant Mortality
s
sddn
neerrT
MortalityTyyttiilliittrre
eFF Institutional Births
Institutional Births Trends in Full Immunization
Total fertility rate Deaths eettaarr yyttiilliittrreeff llaattooTT Trends in Full eerrttImmunization
Government
Government of
of India
India
Total
Total
Total fertility
fertility
fertility rate
rate
rate Deaths per
per 1,000
1,000 live
live births
births Percentage of
Percentage h
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births hh inggu
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orrh
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neem
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oPercentage ffo
ochildren n
neecc aa12-23
eebbo tt eevviirrttss lllliiw
omonths w eettu uttiittssnnII eeh hTT““ ::n
nooiissssiiM
M Mission:
Mission: “The
“The Institute
Institute will
will strive
strive to
to be
be aa centre
centre of
of excellence
excellence on
on population,
population, health
health and
and development
development issues through high
issues through high h
hggiih
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h ,,n
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l liw s i h T . ofcrchildren
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n a g n months
i h c a e t , n o i t ac u d e y t i l a uqq quality
quality education, teaching and research. This will be achieved by (a) creating competent professionals, (b)
education, teaching and research. This will be achieved by (a) creating competent professionals, (b) ))b
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No schooling
schooling 62
No 62 ””..sssseen neerraaw waa d dn
naa yyccaacco ovvd daa ))d d(( (d)
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daa ))d d((

Gujarat India Fact Sheet

85
85 <6 years complete 74
awareness.”
3.4 4 79 <6 years complete 74
3.4 4..3
73 3 79
3.4 73 66 or
or more
more years
years complete
complete 90
90
3.4 2.9
2.9 9
9..2
2 68
68 64
2.7
2.7 7
7..2
2 62 64 62
2.9 62 CASTE/TRIBE
CASTE/TRIBE 61
61 62
2.9 2.7 2.2 2 56 57 58
2.7 2.2 2..2
2 56 57 Scheduled caste 78 58
2.2 47
47 46
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44
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29
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Population Sciences
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neeiiccSS n nooiittaalluup po oPP rro off e ettu
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WEALTH INDEX
WEALTH INDEX rraan
no oeeD D ,,d daao oRRn nooiittaattSS iiddnnaavvo oG G Govandi Station
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Lowest
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60
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Middle
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52
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52 n
naavvaahhBBn naam mrriiN N Nirman Bhavan
Nirman Bhavan n
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119
119 62
66
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60
6060
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110 108
108 8
80 0110 01111 iihhlleeDDw weeN N
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62 48 8
104
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51 CASTE/TRIBE 38 34 4343 8 3 34 8 3
95 5151 8
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74 37
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63 n
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63 37 Scheduled
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63 56
56 28
2828
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Urban
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Total Urban
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53
53
61
Note:
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60
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61
WHO International
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n
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Middle
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64 Note: Nutritional status estimates are based on the 2006
Middle
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64
64
67
WHO
WHO International
International Reference
Reference Population
Population 8
80 01 10 01 11 1 iih hlleeD Dw weeN N New
New Delhi
Delhi 110 110 108 108 8
8001 10 01 111 iihhlleeD Dw weeN N
Fourth 67
Fourth
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67
70
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Highest 7070 7
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74 4662 26 60 03 32 2 -- 1 1110 0 ::xxaaFF
Percentage
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past five
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National Family
Health Health
2015-16
Children’s Nutritional Status (Stunted)
National Family
Children’s
Children’s
Children’s Nutritional
Nutritional
Nutritional Status
Status
Status (Stunted)
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 India - Key Indicators India - Key Indicators India - Key Indicators
NFHS-3 NFHS-3 NFHS-3
Introduction Indicators NFHS-4 (2015-16) (2005-06) Indicators NFHS-4 (2015-16) (2005-06) Indicators NFHS-4 (2015-16) (2005-06)
Population and Household Profile Urban Rural Total Total Maternal and Child Health Urban Rural Total Total Nutritional Status of Adults (age 15-49 years) Urban Rural Total Total
The National Family Health Survey 2015-16 (NFHS-4), the fourth in the NFHS series, provides 1. Population (female) age 6 years and above who ever attended school (%) 80.6 63.0 68.8 58.3 Maternity Care (for last birth in the 5 years before the survey) 75. Women whose Body Mass Index (BMI) is below normal (BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2)14(%) 15.5 26.7 22.9 35.5
information on population, health and nutrition for India and each State/Union territory. NFHS-4, for the 2. Population below age 15 years (%) 24.9 30.5 28.6 34.9 32. Mothers who had antenatal check-up in the first trimester (%) 69.1 54.2 58.6 43.9 76. Men whose Body Mass Index (BMI) is below normal (BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2) (%) 15.4 23.0 20.2 34.2
first time, provides district-level estimates for many important indicators. 3. Sex ratio of the total population (females per 1,000 males) 956 1,009 991 1,000 33. Mothers who had at least 4 antenatal care visits (%) 66.4 44.8 51.2 37.0 77. Women who are overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m 2)14(%) 31.3 15.0 20.6 12.6
4. Sex ratio at birth for children born in the last five years (females per 1,000 males) 899 927 919 914 34. Mothers whose last birth was protected against neonatal tetanus7 (%) 89.9 88.6 89.0 76.3 78. Men who are overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m 2) (%) 26.6 14.3 18.9 9.3
The contents of previous rounds of NFHS are generally retained and additional components are added from 5. Children under age 5 years whose birth was registered (%) 88.8 76.1 79.7 41.2 35. Mothers who consumed iron folic acid for 100 days or more when they Anaemia among Children and Adults15
40.8 25.9 30.3 15.2
6. Households with electricity (%) 97.5 83.2 88.2 67.9 were pregnant (%) 79. Children age 6-59 months who are anaemic (<11.0 g/dl) (%) 56.0 59.5 58.6 69.4
one round to another. In this round, information on malaria prevention, migration in the context of HIV, 7. Households with an improved drinking-water source1 (%) 91.1 89.3 89.9 87.6 36. Mothers who had full antenatal care8 (%) 31.1 16.7 21.0 11.6 80. Non-pregnant women age 15-49 years who are anaemic (<12.0 g/dl) (%) 51.0 54.4 53.2 55.2
abortion, violence during pregnancy etc. have been added. The scope of clinical, anthropometric, and 8. Households using improved sanitation facility2 (%) 70.3 36.7 48.4 29.1 37. Registered pregnancies for which the mother received Mother and Child Protection
87.7 90.0 89.3 na 81. Pregnant women age 15-49 years who are anaemic (<11.0 g/dl) (%) 45.8 52.2 50.4 57.9
9. Households using clean fuel for cooking3 (%) 80.6 24.0 43.8 25.5 (MCP) card (%) 82. All women age 15-49 years who are anaemic (%) 50.8 54.3 53.1 55.3
biochemical testing (CAB) or Biomarker component has been expanded to include measurement of blood
10. Households using iodized salt (%) 96.5 91.4 93.1 76.1 38. Mothers who received postnatal care from a doctor/nurse/LHV/ANM/midwife/other 83. Men age 15-49 years who are anaemic (<13.0 g/dl) (%) 18.5 25.3 22.7 24.2
pressure and blood glucose levels. NFHS-4 sample has been designed to provide district and higher level 71.7 58.5 62.4 34.6
health personnel within 2 days of delivery (%)
Blood Sugar Level among Adults (age 15-49 years)
11. Households with any usual member covered by a health scheme or 16
28.2 28.9 28.7 4.8 39. Mothers who received financial assistance under Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) for
estimates of various indicators covered in the survey. However, estimates of indicators of sexual behaviour, health insurance (%) 21.4 43.8 36.4 na Women
Characteristics of Adults (age 15-49) births delivered in an institution (%)
husband’s background and woman’s work, HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and behaviour, and, domestic 40. Average out-of-pocket expenditure per delivery in public health facility (Rs.) 3,913 2,946 3,197 na 84. Blood sugar level - high (>140 mg/dl) (%) 6.9 5.2 5.8 na
12. Women who are literate (%) 81.4 61.5 68.4 55.1 85. Blood sugar level - very high (>160 mg/dl) (%) 3.6 2.3 2.8 na
violence will be available at State and national level only. 13. Men who are literate (%) 90.8 82.6 85.7 78.1 41. Children born at home who were taken to a health facility for check-up within 24
3.2 2.4 2.5 0.3 Men
hours of birth (%)
14. Women with 10 or more years of schooling (%) 51.5 27.3 35.7 22.3 86. Blood sugar level - high (>140 mg/dl) (%)
As in the earlier rounds, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India designated 42. Children who received a health check after birth from a doctor/nurse/LHV/ANM/ 8.8 7.4 8.0 na
Marriage and Fertility midwife/other health personnel within 2 days of birth (%)
27.2 23.0 24.3 na
87. Blood sugar level - very high (>160 mg/dl) (%) 4.4 3.5 3.9 na
International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai as the nodal agency to conduct NFHS-4. The main 15. Women age 20-24 years married before age 18 years (%) 17.5 31.5 26.8 47.4 Delivery Care (for births in the 5 years before the survey) Hypertension among Adults (age 15-49 years)
objective of each successive round of the NFHS has been to provide essential data on health and family 16. Men age 25-29 years married before age 21 years (%) 14.1 24.4 20.3 32.3 43. Institutional births (%) 88.7 75.1 78.9 38.7 Women
17. Total fertility rate (children per woman) 1.8 2.4 2.2 2.7
welfare and emerging issues in this area. NFHS-4 data will be useful in setting benchmarks and examining 44. Institutional births in public facility (%) 46.2 54.4 52.1 18.0 88. Slightly above normal (Systolic 140-159 mm of Hg and/or
7.3 6.5 6.7 na
18. Women age 15-19 years who were already mothers or pregnant at the time of the 45. Home delivery conducted by skilled health personnel (out of total deliveries) (%) 3.0 4.9 4.3 8.2
the progress in health sector the country has made over time. Besides providing evidence for the 5.0 9.2 7.9 16.0 Diastolic 90-99 mm of Hg) (%)
survey (%)
46. Births assisted by a doctor/nurse/LHV/ANM/other health personnel (%) 90.0 78.0 81.4 46.6 89. Moderately high (Systolic 160-179 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic 100-109 mm of Hg) (%) 1.6 1.3 1.4 na
effectiveness of the ongoing programmes, the data from NFHS-4 help in identifying need for new Infant and Child Mortality Rates (per 1,000 live births)
47. Births delivered by caesarean section (%) 28.2 12.8 17.2 8.5 90. Very high (Systolic ≥180 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic ≥110 mm of Hg) (%) 0.7 0.7 0.7 na
19. Infant mortality rate (IMR) 29 46 41 57
programmes with area specific focus. 48. Births in a private health facility delivered by caesarean section (%) 44.8 37.7 40.9 27.7 Men
20. Under-five mortality rate (U5MR) 34 56 50 74
49. Births in a public health facility delivered by caesarean section (%) 19.9 9.3 11.9 15.2 91. Slightly above normal (Systolic 140-159 mm of Hg and/or
Current Use of Family Planning Methods (currently married women age 15–49 years) 11.4 9.8 10.4 na
Four Survey Schedules - Household, Woman’s, Man’s and Biomarker - were canvassed in local language Child Immunizations and Vitamin A Supplementation Diastolic 90-99 mm of Hg) (%)
21. Any method4 (%) 57.2 51.7 53.5 56.3 92. Moderately high (Systolic 160-179 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic 100-109 mm of Hg) (%) 2.7 2.0 2.3 na
50. Children age 12-23 months fully immunized (BCG, measles, and 3 doses each of
using Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI). In the Household Schedule, information was 22. Any modern method4 (%) 51.2 46.0 47.8 48.5 polio and DPT) (%)
63.9 61.3 62.0 43.5
93. Very high (Systolic ≥180 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic ≥110 mm of Hg) (%) 1.0 0.8 0.9 na
collected on all usual members of the household and visitors who stayed in the household the previous night 23. Female sterilization (%) 35.7 36.1 36.0 37.3 51. Children age 12-23 months who have received BCG (%) 93.2 91.4 91.9 78.2 Women Age 15-49 Years Who Have Ever Undergone Examinations of:
as well as socio-economic characteristics of the household, water and sanitation, health insurance, number 24. Male sterilization (%) 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.0 52. Children age 12-23 months who have received 3 doses of polio vaccine (%) 73.4 72.6 72.8 78.2 94. Cervix (%) 25.3 20.7 22.3 na
25. IUD/PPIUD (%) 2.4 1.1 1.5 1.7 53. Children age 12-23 months who have received 3 doses of DPT vaccine (%) 80.2 77.7 78.4 55.3 95. Breast (%) 11.7 8.8 9.8 na
of deaths in the household in the three years preceding the survey etc. Information on the woman’s 26. Pill (%) 3.5 4.3 4.1 3.1 54. Children age 12-23 months who have received measles vaccine (%) 83.2 80.3 81.1 58.8 96. Oral cavity (%) 15.6 10.7 12.4 na
characteristics, marriage, fertility, children’s immunizations and childcare, nutrition, contraception, 27. Condom (%) 9.1 3.9 5.6 5.2 55. Children age 12-23 months who have received 3 doses of Hepatitis B vaccine (%) 63.3 62.5 62.8 na Knowledge of HIV/AIDS among Adults (age 15-49 years)
reproductive health, sexual behaviour, HIV/AIDS, domestic violence, etc. was canvassed in the Woman’s Unmet Need for Family Planning (currently married women age 15–49 years)5 56. Children age 9-59 months who received a vitamin A dose in last 6 months (%) 62.9 59.1 60.2 16.5 97. Women who have comprehensiveknowledge17 of HIV/AIDS (%) 28.1 16.9 20.9 17.3
28. Total unmet need (%) 12.1 13.2 12.9 13.9 57. Children age 12-23 months who received most of the vaccinations in public health 98. Men who have comprehensive knowledge17 of HIV/AIDS (%)
Schedule. The Man’s Schedule covered the man’s characteristics, marriage, his number of children, facility (%)
82.1 94.2 90.7 82.0 37.8 29.2 32.5 33.0
29. Unmet need for spacing (%) 5.1 5.9 5.7 6.1 99. Women who know that consistent condom use can reduce the chances of getting
contraception, fertility preferences, nutrition, sexual behaviour, attitudes towards gender roles, HIV/AIDS, etc. Quality of Family Planning Services
58. Children age 12-23 months who received most of the vaccinations in private health
16.7 3.4 7.2 10.5 HIV/AIDS (%)
67.0 48.1 54.9 36.3
facility (%)
The Biomarker Schedule covered measurements of height, weight and haemoglobin levels for children; 30. Health worker ever talked to female non-users about family planning (%) 18.6 17.2 17.7 10.1 100. Men who know that consistent condom use can reduce the chances of getting
Treatment of Childhood Diseases (children under age 5 years) HIV/AIDS (%)
83.4 73.7 77.4 70.0
measurements of height, weight, haemoglobin levels, blood pressure, and random blood glucose level for 31. Current users ever told about side effects of current method6 (%) 50.1 45.0 46.6 34.4
59. Prevalence of diarrhoea (reported) in the last 2 weeks preceding the survey (%) 8.2 9.6 9.2 9.0 Women’s Empowerment and Gender Based Violence (age 15-49 years)
women aged 15-49 years and men aged 15-54 years. In addition, women and men were requested to provide 1
Piped water into dwelling/yard/plot, public tap/standpipe, tube well or borehole, protected dug well, protected spring, rainwater, community RO plant. 2 Flush to
60. Children with diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks who received oral rehydration salts
58.5 47.9 50.6 26.0 101. Currently married women who usually participate in household decisions (%) 85.8 83.0 84.0 76.5
(ORS) (%)
a few drops of blood from a finger prick for laboratory testing for HIV. piped sewer system, flush to septic tank, flush to pit latrine, ventilated improved pit (VIP)/biogas latrine, pit latrine with slab, twin pit/composting toilet, which is not
61. Children with diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks who received zinc (%) 23.7 19.1 20.3 na 102. Women who worked in the last 12 months who were paid in cash (%) 23.2 25.4 24.6 28.6
shared with any other household. 3 Electricity, LPG/natural gas, biogas. 4 Includes other methods that are not shown separately
5
Unmet need for family planning refers to fecund women who are not using contraception but who wish to postpone the next birth (spacing) or stop childbearing 62. Children with diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks taken to a health facility (%) 74.1 65.8 67.9 61.3 103. Ever-married women who have ever experienced spousal violence (%) 25.3 34.1 31.1 37.2
This fact sheet provides information on key indicators and trends for India. The figures of NFHS-4 and that altogether (limiting). Specifically, women are considered to have unmet need for spacing if they are:
63. Prevalence of symptoms of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in the last 2 weeks 104. Ever-married women who have experienced violence during any pregnancy (%) 3.4 4.1 3.9 na
· At risk of becoming pregnant, not using contraception, and either do not want to become pregnant within the next two years, or are unsure if or when they want 2.3 2.9 2.7 5.8 105. Women owning a house and/or land (alone or jointly with others) (%) 35.2 40.1 38.4 na
of earlier rounds may not be strictly comparable due to differences in sample size and NFHS-4 will be a to become pregnant.
preceding the survey (%)
· Pregnant with a mistimed pregnancy. 64. Children with fever or symptoms of ARI in the last 2 weeks preceding the survey 106. Women having a bank or savings account that they themselves use (%) 61.0 48.5 53.0 15.1
benchmark for future surveys. NFHS-4 fieldwork for India was conducted from 20 January 2015 to 4 taken to a health facility (%) 80.0 70.8 73.2 69.6
· Postpartum amenorrhoeic for up to two years following a mistimed birth and not using contraception. 107. Women having a mobile phone that they themselves use (%) 61.8 36.9 45.9 na
December 2016 by 14 Field Agencies and gathered information from 601,509 households, 699,686 women, Women are considered to have unmet need for limiting if they are:
Child Feeding Practices and Nutritional Status of Children 108. Women age 15-24 years who use hygienic methods of protection during their
· At risk of becoming pregnant, not using contraception, and want no (more) children. 77.5 48.2 57.6 na
· Pregnant with an unwanted pregnancy. 65. Children under age 3 years breastfed within one hour of birth9 (%) 42.8 41.1 41.6 23.4 menstrual period18(%)
and 112,122 men. Fact sheets for each State/UT and District of India are also available separately. · Postpartum amenorrhoeic for up to two years following an unwanted birth and not using contraception. Tobacco Use and Alcohol Consumption among Adults (age 15-49 years)
66. Children under age 6 months exclusively breastfed10 (%) 52.1 55.9 54.9 46.4
Women who are classified as infecund have no unmet need because they are not at risk of becoming pregnant. Unmet need for family planning is the sum of
unmet need for spacing plus unmet need for limiting. 67. Children age 6-8 months receiving solid or semi-solid food and breastmilk10 (%) 50.1 39.9 42.7 52.6 109. Women who use any kind of tobacco (%) 4.4 8.1 6.8 10.8
6
Based on current users of female sterilization, IUD/PPIUD, injectables and pill who started using that method in the past 5 years. 68. Breastfeeding children age 6-23 months receiving an adequate diet10,11 (%) 10.1 8.2 8.7 na 110. Men who use any kind of tobacco (%) 38.9 48.0 44.5 57.0
69. Non-breastfeeding children age 6-23 months receiving an adequate diet10,11 (%) 16.9 12.7 14.3 na 111. Women who consume alcohol (%) 0.7 1.5 1.2 2.2
na = Not available
70. Total children age 6-23 months receiving an adequate diet10,11 (%) 11.6 8.8 9.6 na 112. Men who consume alcohol (%) 28.7 29.5 29.2 31.9
71. Children under 5 years who are stunted (height-for-age)12 (%) 31.0 41.2 38.4 48.0 113. Women who tried to stop smoking or using tobacco in any other form during the past
33.0 28.2 29.3 na
72. Children under 5 years who are wasted (weight-for-height)12 (%) 20.0 21.5 21.0 19.8 12 months19(%)
73. Children under 5 years who are severely wasted (weight-for-height)13 (%) 7.5 7.4 7.5 6.4 114. Men who tried to stop smoking or using tobacco in any other form (during the past
29.6 31.2 30.6 na
12 months)19(%)
74. Children under 5 years who are underweight (weight-for-age)12 (%) 29.1 38.3 35.8 42.5
14 15
Excludes pregnant women and women with a birth in the preceding 2 months. Haemoglobin in grams per decilitre (g/dl). Among children, prevalence is adjusted for
7
Includes mothers with two injections during the pregnancy of her last birth, or two or more injections (the last within 3 years of the last live birth), or three or more altitude. Among adults, prevalence is adjusted for altitude and for smoking status.16 Random blood sugar measurement (including those under medication).
17
injections (the last within 5 years of the last birth), or four or more injections (the last within 10 years of the last live birth), or five or more injections at any time prior to Comprehensive knowledge means knowing that consistent use of condoms every time they have sex and having just one uninfected faithful sex partner can reduce
the last birth. Not exactly comparable with NFHS-3 due to differences in definition. 8 Full antenatal care is at least four antenatal visits, at least one tetanus toxoid (TT) the chance of getting HIV/AIDS, knowing that a healthy-looking person can have HIV/AIDS, and rejecting the two common misconceptions about transmission or
injection and iron folic acid tablets or syrup taken for 100 or more days. 9 Based on the last child born in the 5 years before the survey. 10 Based on the youngest child prevention of HIV/AIDS. 18 Locally prepared napkins, sanitary napkins and tampons are considered as hygienic methods of protection. 19 Based on those who currently
living with the mother. 11 Breastfed children receiving 4 or more food groups and a minimum meal frequency, non-breastfed children fed with a minimum of 3 Infant and smoke or use tobacco
Young Child Feeding Practices (fed with other milk or milk products at least twice a day, a minimum meal frequency that is receiving solid or semi-solid food at least
twice a day for breastfed infants 6-8 months and at least three times a day for breastfed children 9-23 months, and solid or semi-solid foods from at least four food
groups not including the milk or milk products food group). 12 Below -2 standard deviations, based on the WHO standard. 13 Below -3 standard deviations, based on the
WHO standard.
 India - Key Indicators India - Key Indicators India - Key Indicators
NFHS-3 NFHS-3 NFHS-3
Introduction Indicators NFHS-4 (2015-16) (2005-06) Indicators NFHS-4 (2015-16) (2005-06) Indicators NFHS-4 (2015-16) (2005-06)
Population and Household Profile Urban Rural Total Total Maternal and Child Health Urban Rural Total Total Nutritional Status of Adults (age 15-49 years) Urban Rural Total Total
The National Family Health Survey 2015-16 (NFHS-4), the fourth in the NFHS series, provides 1. Population (female) age 6 years and above who ever attended school (%) 80.6 63.0 68.8 58.3 Maternity Care (for last birth in the 5 years before the survey) 75. Women whose Body Mass Index (BMI) is below normal (BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2)14(%) 15.5 26.7 22.9 35.5
information on population, health and nutrition for India and each State/Union territory. NFHS-4, for the 2. Population below age 15 years (%) 24.9 30.5 28.6 34.9 32. Mothers who had antenatal check-up in the first trimester (%) 69.1 54.2 58.6 43.9 76. Men whose Body Mass Index (BMI) is below normal (BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2) (%) 15.4 23.0 20.2 34.2
first time, provides district-level estimates for many important indicators. 3. Sex ratio of the total population (females per 1,000 males) 956 1,009 991 1,000 33. Mothers who had at least 4 antenatal care visits (%) 66.4 44.8 51.2 37.0 77. Women who are overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m 2)14(%) 31.3 15.0 20.6 12.6
4. Sex ratio at birth for children born in the last five years (females per 1,000 males) 899 927 919 914 34. Mothers whose last birth was protected against neonatal tetanus7 (%) 89.9 88.6 89.0 76.3 78. Men who are overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m 2) (%) 26.6 14.3 18.9 9.3
The contents of previous rounds of NFHS are generally retained and additional components are added from 5. Children under age 5 years whose birth was registered (%) 88.8 76.1 79.7 41.2 35. Mothers who consumed iron folic acid for 100 days or more when they Anaemia among Children and Adults15
40.8 25.9 30.3 15.2
6. Households with electricity (%) 97.5 83.2 88.2 67.9 were pregnant (%) 79. Children age 6-59 months who are anaemic (<11.0 g/dl) (%) 56.0 59.5 58.6 69.4
one round to another. In this round, information on malaria prevention, migration in the context of HIV, 7. Households with an improved drinking-water source1 (%) 91.1 89.3 89.9 87.6 36. Mothers who had full antenatal care8 (%) 31.1 16.7 21.0 11.6 80. Non-pregnant women age 15-49 years who are anaemic (<12.0 g/dl) (%) 51.0 54.4 53.2 55.2
abortion, violence during pregnancy etc. have been added. The scope of clinical, anthropometric, and 8. Households using improved sanitation facility2 (%) 70.3 36.7 48.4 29.1 37. Registered pregnancies for which the mother received Mother and Child Protection
87.7 90.0 89.3 na 81. Pregnant women age 15-49 years who are anaemic (<11.0 g/dl) (%) 45.8 52.2 50.4 57.9
9. Households using clean fuel for cooking3 (%) 80.6 24.0 43.8 25.5 (MCP) card (%)
biochemical testing (CAB) or Biomarker component has been expanded to include measurement of blood 82. All women age 15-49 years who are anaemic (%) 50.8 54.3 53.1 55.3
10. Households using iodized salt (%) 96.5 91.4 93.1 76.1 38. Mothers who received postnatal care from a doctor/nurse/LHV/ANM/midwife/other 83. Men age 15-49 years who are anaemic (<13.0 g/dl) (%) 18.5 25.3 22.7 24.2
pressure and blood glucose levels. NFHS-4 sample has been designed to provide district and higher level 71.7 58.5 62.4 34.6
11. Households with any usual member covered by a health scheme or health personnel within 2 days of delivery (%) 16
28.2 28.9 28.7 4.8 Blood Sugar Level among Adults (age 15-49 years)
estimates of various indicators covered in the survey. However, estimates of indicators of sexual behaviour, health insurance (%) 39. Mothers who received financial assistance under Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) for
21.4 43.8 36.4 na Women
Characteristics of Adults (age 15-49) births delivered in an institution (%)
husband’s background and woman’s work, HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and behaviour, and, domestic 40. Average out-of-pocket expenditure per delivery in public health facility (Rs.) 3,913 2,946 3,197 na 84. Blood sugar level - high (>140 mg/dl) (%) 6.9 5.2 5.8 na
12. Women who are literate (%) 81.4 61.5 68.4 55.1 85. Blood sugar level - very high (>160 mg/dl) (%)
violence will be available at State and national level only. 13. Men who are literate (%) 90.8 82.6 85.7 78.1 41. Children born at home who were taken to a health facility for check-up within 24 3.6 2.3 2.8 na
3.2 2.4 2.5 0.3 Men
hours of birth (%)
14. Women with 10 or more years of schooling (%) 51.5 27.3 35.7 22.3 86. Blood sugar level - high (>140 mg/dl) (%)
As in the earlier rounds, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India designated 42. Children who received a health check after birth from a doctor/nurse/LHV/ANM/ 8.8 7.4 8.0 na
Marriage and Fertility 27.2 23.0 24.3 na
midwife/other health personnel within 2 days of birth (%) 87. Blood sugar level - very high (>160 mg/dl) (%) 4.4 3.5 3.9 na
International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai as the nodal agency to conduct NFHS-4. The main 15. Women age 20-24 years married before age 18 years (%) 17.5 31.5 26.8 47.4 Delivery Care (for births in the 5 years before the survey) Hypertension among Adults (age 15-49 years)
objective of each successive round of the NFHS has been to provide essential data on health and family 16. Men age 25-29 years married before age 21 years (%) 14.1 24.4 20.3 32.3 43. Institutional births (%) 88.7 75.1 78.9 38.7 Women
17. Total fertility rate (children per woman) 1.8 2.4 2.2 2.7
welfare and emerging issues in this area. NFHS-4 data will be useful in setting benchmarks and examining 44. Institutional births in public facility (%) 46.2 54.4 52.1 18.0 88. Slightly above normal (Systolic 140-159 mm of Hg and/or
7.3 6.5 6.7 na
18. Women age 15-19 years who were already mothers or pregnant at the time of the 45. Home delivery conducted by skilled health personnel (out of total deliveries) (%) 3.0 4.9 4.3 8.2
the progress in health sector the country has made over time. Besides providing evidence for the 5.0 9.2 7.9 16.0 Diastolic 90-99 mm of Hg) (%)
survey (%)
46. Births assisted by a doctor/nurse/LHV/ANM/other health personnel (%) 90.0 78.0 81.4 46.6 89. Moderately high (Systolic 160-179 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic 100-109 mm of Hg) (%) 1.6 1.3 1.4 na
effectiveness of the ongoing programmes, the data from NFHS-4 help in identifying need for new Infant and Child Mortality Rates (per 1,000 live births)
47. Births delivered by caesarean section (%) 28.2 12.8 17.2 8.5 90. Very high (Systolic ≥180 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic ≥110 mm of Hg) (%) 0.7 0.7 0.7 na
19. Infant mortality rate (IMR) 29 46 41 57
programmes with area specific focus. 48. Births in a private health facility delivered by caesarean section (%) 44.8 37.7 40.9 27.7 Men
20. Under-five mortality rate (U5MR) 34 56 50 74
49. Births in a public health facility delivered by caesarean section (%) 19.9 9.3 11.9 15.2 91. Slightly above normal (Systolic 140-159 mm of Hg and/or
Current Use of Family Planning Methods (currently married women age 15–49 years) 11.4 9.8 10.4 na
Four Survey Schedules - Household, Woman’s, Man’s and Biomarker - were canvassed in local language 21. Any method4 (%) 57.2 51.7 53.5 56.3
Child Immunizations and Vitamin A Supplementation Diastolic 90-99 mm of Hg) (%)
50. Children age 12-23 months fully immunized (BCG, measles, and 3 doses each of 92. Moderately high (Systolic 160-179 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic 100-109 mm of Hg) (%) 2.7 2.0 2.3 na
using Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI). In the Household Schedule, information was 22. Any modern method4 (%) 51.2 46.0 47.8 48.5 polio and DPT) (%)
63.9 61.3 62.0 43.5
93. Very high (Systolic ≥180 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic ≥110 mm of Hg) (%) 1.0 0.8 0.9 na
collected on all usual members of the household and visitors who stayed in the household the previous night 23. Female sterilization (%) 35.7 36.1 36.0 37.3 51. Children age 12-23 months who have received BCG (%) 93.2 91.4 91.9 78.2 Women Age 15-49 Years Who Have Ever Undergone Examinations of:
as well as socio-economic characteristics of the household, water and sanitation, health insurance, number 24. Male sterilization (%) 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.0 52. Children age 12-23 months who have received 3 doses of polio vaccine (%) 73.4 72.6 72.8 78.2 94. Cervix (%) 25.3 20.7 22.3 na
25. IUD/PPIUD (%) 2.4 1.1 1.5 1.7 53. Children age 12-23 months who have received 3 doses of DPT vaccine (%) 80.2 77.7 78.4 55.3 95. Breast (%) 11.7 8.8 9.8 na
of deaths in the household in the three years preceding the survey etc. Information on the woman’s 26. Pill (%) 3.5 4.3 4.1 3.1 54. Children age 12-23 months who have received measles vaccine (%) 83.2 80.3 81.1 58.8 96. Oral cavity (%) 15.6 10.7 12.4 na
characteristics, marriage, fertility, children’s immunizations and childcare, nutrition, contraception, 27. Condom (%) 9.1 3.9 5.6 5.2 55. Children age 12-23 months who have received 3 doses of Hepatitis B vaccine (%) 63.3 62.5 62.8 na Knowledge of HIV/AIDS among Adults (age 15-49 years)
reproductive health, sexual behaviour, HIV/AIDS, domestic violence, etc. was canvassed in the Woman’s Unmet Need for Family Planning (currently married women age 15–49 years)5 56. Children age 9-59 months who received a vitamin A dose in last 6 months (%) 62.9 59.1 60.2 16.5 97. Women who have comprehensiveknowledge17 of HIV/AIDS (%) 28.1 16.9 20.9 17.3
28. Total unmet need (%) 12.1 13.2 12.9 13.9 57. Children age 12-23 months who received most of the vaccinations in public health
Schedule. The Man’s Schedule covered the man’s characteristics, marriage, his number of children, facility (%)
82.1 94.2 90.7 82.0 98. Men who have comprehensive knowledge17 of HIV/AIDS (%) 37.8 29.2 32.5 33.0
29. Unmet need for spacing (%) 5.1 5.9 5.7 6.1 99. Women who know that consistent condom use can reduce the chances of getting
contraception, fertility preferences, nutrition, sexual behaviour, attitudes towards gender roles, HIV/AIDS, etc. Quality of Family Planning Services
58. Children age 12-23 months who received most of the vaccinations in private health
16.7 3.4 7.2 10.5 HIV/AIDS (%)
67.0 48.1 54.9 36.3
facility (%)
The Biomarker Schedule covered measurements of height, weight and haemoglobin levels for children; 30. Health worker ever talked to female non-users about family planning (%) 18.6 17.2 17.7 10.1 100. Men who know that consistent condom use can reduce the chances of getting
83.4 73.7 77.4 70.0
Treatment of Childhood Diseases (children under age 5 years) HIV/AIDS (%)
measurements of height, weight, haemoglobin levels, blood pressure, and random blood glucose level for 31. Current users ever told about side effects of current method6 (%) 50.1 45.0 46.6 34.4
59. Prevalence of diarrhoea (reported) in the last 2 weeks preceding the survey (%) 8.2 9.6 9.2 9.0 Women’s Empowerment and Gender Based Violence (age 15-49 years)
women aged 15-49 years and men aged 15-54 years. In addition, women and men were requested to provide 1
Piped water into dwelling/yard/plot, public tap/standpipe, tube well or borehole, protected dug well, protected spring, rainwater, community RO plant. 2 Flush to
60. Children with diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks who received oral rehydration salts
58.5 47.9 50.6 26.0 101. Currently married women who usually participate in household decisions (%) 85.8 83.0 84.0 76.5
(ORS) (%)
a few drops of blood from a finger prick for laboratory testing for HIV. piped sewer system, flush to septic tank, flush to pit latrine, ventilated improved pit (VIP)/biogas latrine, pit latrine with slab, twin pit/composting toilet, which is not
61. Children with diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks who received zinc (%) 23.7 19.1 20.3 na 102. Women who worked in the last 12 months who were paid in cash (%) 23.2 25.4 24.6 28.6
shared with any other household. 3 Electricity, LPG/natural gas, biogas. 4 Includes other methods that are not shown separately
5
Unmet need for family planning refers to fecund women who are not using contraception but who wish to postpone the next birth (spacing) or stop childbearing 62. Children with diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks taken to a health facility (%) 74.1 65.8 67.9 61.3 103. Ever-married women who have ever experienced spousal violence (%) 25.3 34.1 31.1 37.2
This fact sheet provides information on key indicators and trends for India. The figures of NFHS-4 and that altogether (limiting). Specifically, women are considered to have unmet need for spacing if they are:
63. Prevalence of symptoms of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in the last 2 weeks 104. Ever-married women who have experienced violence during any pregnancy (%) 3.4 4.1 3.9 na
· At risk of becoming pregnant, not using contraception, and either do not want to become pregnant within the next two years, or are unsure if or when they want 2.3 2.9 2.7 5.8 105. Women owning a house and/or land (alone or jointly with others) (%) 35.2 40.1 38.4 na
of earlier rounds may not be strictly comparable due to differences in sample size and NFHS-4 will be a to become pregnant.
preceding the survey (%)
· Pregnant with a mistimed pregnancy. 64. Children with fever or symptoms of ARI in the last 2 weeks preceding the survey 106. Women having a bank or savings account that they themselves use (%) 61.0 48.5 53.0 15.1
benchmark for future surveys. NFHS-4 fieldwork for India was conducted from 20 January 2015 to 4 taken to a health facility (%) 80.0 70.8 73.2 69.6
· Postpartum amenorrhoeic for up to two years following a mistimed birth and not using contraception. 107. Women having a mobile phone that they themselves use (%) 61.8 36.9 45.9 na
Women are considered to have unmet need for limiting if they are:
December 2016 by 14 Field Agencies and gathered information from 601,509 households, 699,686 women, · At risk of becoming pregnant, not using contraception, and want no (more) children.
Child Feeding Practices and Nutritional Status of Children 108. Women age 15-24 years who use hygienic methods of protection during their
77.5 48.2 57.6 na
65. Children under age 3 years breastfed within one hour of birth9 (%) 42.8 41.1 41.6 23.4 menstrual period18(%)
and 112,122 men. Fact sheets for each State/UT and District of India are also available separately. · Pregnant with an unwanted pregnancy.
· Postpartum amenorrhoeic for up to two years following an unwanted birth and not using contraception. Tobacco Use and Alcohol Consumption among Adults (age 15-49 years)
66. Children under age 6 months exclusively breastfed10 (%) 52.1 55.9 54.9 46.4
Women who are classified as infecund have no unmet need because they are not at risk of becoming pregnant. Unmet need for family planning is the sum of
unmet need for spacing plus unmet need for limiting. 67. Children age 6-8 months receiving solid or semi-solid food and breastmilk10 (%) 50.1 39.9 42.7 52.6 109. Women who use any kind of tobacco (%) 4.4 8.1 6.8 10.8
6
Based on current users of female sterilization, IUD/PPIUD, injectables and pill who started using that method in the past 5 years. 68. Breastfeeding children age 6-23 months receiving an adequate diet10,11 (%) 10.1 8.2 8.7 na 110. Men who use any kind of tobacco (%) 38.9 48.0 44.5 57.0
69. Non-breastfeeding children age 6-23 months receiving an adequate diet10,11 (%) 16.9 12.7 14.3 na 111. Women who consume alcohol (%) 0.7 1.5 1.2 2.2
na = Not available
70. Total children age 6-23 months receiving an adequate diet10,11 (%) 11.6 8.8 9.6 na 112. Men who consume alcohol (%) 28.7 29.5 29.2 31.9
71. Children under 5 years who are stunted (height-for-age)12 (%) 31.0 41.2 38.4 48.0 113. Women who tried to stop smoking or using tobacco in any other form during the past
33.0 28.2 29.3 na
72. Children under 5 years who are wasted (weight-for-height)12 (%) 20.0 21.5 21.0 19.8 12 months19(%)
73. Children under 5 years who are severely wasted (weight-for-height)13 (%) 7.5 7.4 7.5 6.4 114. Men who tried to stop smoking or using tobacco in any other form (during the past
29.6 31.2 30.6 na
12 months)19(%)
74. Children under 5 years who are underweight (weight-for-age)12 (%) 29.1 38.3 35.8 42.5
14 15
Excludes pregnant women and women with a birth in the preceding 2 months. Haemoglobin in grams per decilitre (g/dl). Among children, prevalence is adjusted for
7
Includes mothers with two injections during the pregnancy of her last birth, or two or more injections (the last within 3 years of the last live birth), or three or more altitude. Among adults, prevalence is adjusted for altitude and for smoking status.16 Random blood sugar measurement (including those under medication).
injections (the last within 5 years of the last birth), or four or more injections (the last within 10 years of the last live birth), or five or more injections at any time prior to 17
Comprehensive knowledge means knowing that consistent use of condoms every time they have sex and having just one uninfected faithful sex partner can reduce
the last birth. Not exactly comparable with NFHS-3 due to differences in definition. 8 Full antenatal care is at least four antenatal visits, at least one tetanus toxoid (TT) the chance of getting HIV/AIDS, knowing that a healthy-looking person can have HIV/AIDS, and rejecting the two common misconceptions about transmission or
injection and iron folic acid tablets or syrup taken for 100 or more days. 9 Based on the last child born in the 5 years before the survey. 10 Based on the youngest child prevention of HIV/AIDS. 18 Locally prepared napkins, sanitary napkins and tampons are considered as hygienic methods of protection. 19 Based on those who currently
living with the mother. 11 Breastfed children receiving 4 or more food groups and a minimum meal frequency, non-breastfed children fed with a minimum of 3 Infant and smoke or use tobacco
Young Child Feeding Practices (fed with other milk or milk products at least twice a day, a minimum meal frequency that is receiving solid or semi-solid food at least
twice a day for breastfed infants 6-8 months and at least three times a day for breastfed children 9-23 months, and solid or semi-solid foods from at least four food
groups not including the milk or milk products food group). 12 Below -2 standard deviations, based on the WHO standard. 13 Below -3 standard deviations, based on the
WHO standard.
 India - Key Indicators India - Key Indicators India - Key Indicators
NFHS-3 NFHS-3 NFHS-3
Introduction Indicators NFHS-4 (2015-16) (2005-06) Indicators NFHS-4 (2015-16) (2005-06) Indicators NFHS-4 (2015-16) (2005-06)
Population and Household Profile Urban Rural Total Total Maternal and Child Health Urban Rural Total Total Nutritional Status of Adults (age 15-49 years) Urban Rural Total Total
The National Family Health Survey 2015-16 (NFHS-4), the fourth in the NFHS series, provides 1. Population (female) age 6 years and above who ever attended school (%) 80.6 63.0 68.8 58.3 Maternity Care (for last birth in the 5 years before the survey) 75. Women whose Body Mass Index (BMI) is below normal (BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2)14(%) 15.5 26.7 22.9 35.5
information on population, health and nutrition for India and each State/Union territory. NFHS-4, for the 2. Population below age 15 years (%) 24.9 30.5 28.6 34.9 32. Mothers who had antenatal check-up in the first trimester (%) 69.1 54.2 58.6 43.9 76. Men whose Body Mass Index (BMI) is below normal (BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2) (%) 15.4 23.0 20.2 34.2
first time, provides district-level estimates for many important indicators. 3. Sex ratio of the total population (females per 1,000 males) 956 1,009 991 1,000 33. Mothers who had at least 4 antenatal care visits (%) 66.4 44.8 51.2 37.0 77. Women who are overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m 2)14(%) 31.3 15.0 20.6 12.6
4. Sex ratio at birth for children born in the last five years (females per 1,000 males) 899 927 919 914 34. Mothers whose last birth was protected against neonatal tetanus7 (%) 89.9 88.6 89.0 76.3 78. Men who are overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m 2) (%) 26.6 14.3 18.9 9.3
The contents of previous rounds of NFHS are generally retained and additional components are added from 5. Children under age 5 years whose birth was registered (%) 88.8 76.1 79.7 41.2 35. Mothers who consumed iron folic acid for 100 days or more when they Anaemia among Children and Adults15
40.8 25.9 30.3 15.2
6. Households with electricity (%) 97.5 83.2 88.2 67.9 were pregnant (%) 79. Children age 6-59 months who are anaemic (<11.0 g/dl) (%) 56.0 59.5 58.6 69.4
one round to another. In this round, information on malaria prevention, migration in the context of HIV, 7. Households with an improved drinking-water source1 (%) 91.1 89.3 89.9 87.6 36. Mothers who had full antenatal care8 (%) 31.1 16.7 21.0 11.6 80. Non-pregnant women age 15-49 years who are anaemic (<12.0 g/dl) (%) 51.0 54.4 53.2 55.2
abortion, violence during pregnancy etc. have been added. The scope of clinical, anthropometric, and 8. Households using improved sanitation facility2 (%) 70.3 36.7 48.4 29.1 37. Registered pregnancies for which the mother received Mother and Child Protection
87.7 90.0 89.3 na 81. Pregnant women age 15-49 years who are anaemic (<11.0 g/dl) (%) 45.8 52.2 50.4 57.9
9. Households using clean fuel for cooking3 (%) 80.6 24.0 43.8 25.5 (MCP) card (%)
biochemical testing (CAB) or Biomarker component has been expanded to include measurement of blood 82. All women age 15-49 years who are anaemic (%) 50.8 54.3 53.1 55.3
10. Households using iodized salt (%) 96.5 91.4 93.1 76.1 38. Mothers who received postnatal care from a doctor/nurse/LHV/ANM/midwife/other 83. Men age 15-49 years who are anaemic (<13.0 g/dl) (%) 18.5 25.3 22.7 24.2
pressure and blood glucose levels. NFHS-4 sample has been designed to provide district and higher level 71.7 58.5 62.4 34.6
11. Households with any usual member covered by a health scheme or health personnel within 2 days of delivery (%) 16
28.2 28.9 28.7 4.8 Blood Sugar Level among Adults (age 15-49 years)
estimates of various indicators covered in the survey. However, estimates of indicators of sexual behaviour, health insurance (%) 39. Mothers who received financial assistance under Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) for
21.4 43.8 36.4 na Women
Characteristics of Adults (age 15-49) births delivered in an institution (%)
husband’s background and woman’s work, HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and behaviour, and, domestic 40. Average out-of-pocket expenditure per delivery in public health facility (Rs.) 3,913 2,946 3,197 na 84. Blood sugar level - high (>140 mg/dl) (%) 6.9 5.2 5.8 na
12. Women who are literate (%) 81.4 61.5 68.4 55.1 85. Blood sugar level - very high (>160 mg/dl) (%)
violence will be available at State and national level only. 13. Men who are literate (%) 90.8 82.6 85.7 78.1 41. Children born at home who were taken to a health facility for check-up within 24 3.6 2.3 2.8 na
3.2 2.4 2.5 0.3 Men
hours of birth (%)
14. Women with 10 or more years of schooling (%) 51.5 27.3 35.7 22.3 86. Blood sugar level - high (>140 mg/dl) (%)
As in the earlier rounds, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India designated 42. Children who received a health check after birth from a doctor/nurse/LHV/ANM/ 8.8 7.4 8.0 na
Marriage and Fertility 27.2 23.0 24.3 na
midwife/other health personnel within 2 days of birth (%) 87. Blood sugar level - very high (>160 mg/dl) (%) 4.4 3.5 3.9 na
International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai as the nodal agency to conduct NFHS-4. The main 15. Women age 20-24 years married before age 18 years (%) 17.5 31.5 26.8 47.4 Delivery Care (for births in the 5 years before the survey) Hypertension among Adults (age 15-49 years)
objective of each successive round of the NFHS has been to provide essential data on health and family 16. Men age 25-29 years married before age 21 years (%) 14.1 24.4 20.3 32.3 43. Institutional births (%) 88.7 75.1 78.9 38.7 Women
17. Total fertility rate (children per woman) 1.8 2.4 2.2 2.7
welfare and emerging issues in this area. NFHS-4 data will be useful in setting benchmarks and examining 44. Institutional births in public facility (%) 46.2 54.4 52.1 18.0 88. Slightly above normal (Systolic 140-159 mm of Hg and/or
7.3 6.5 6.7 na
18. Women age 15-19 years who were already mothers or pregnant at the time of the 45. Home delivery conducted by skilled health personnel (out of total deliveries) (%) 3.0 4.9 4.3 8.2
the progress in health sector the country has made over time. Besides providing evidence for the 5.0 9.2 7.9 16.0 Diastolic 90-99 mm of Hg) (%)
survey (%)
46. Births assisted by a doctor/nurse/LHV/ANM/other health personnel (%) 90.0 78.0 81.4 46.6 89. Moderately high (Systolic 160-179 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic 100-109 mm of Hg) (%) 1.6 1.3 1.4 na
effectiveness of the ongoing programmes, the data from NFHS-4 help in identifying need for new Infant and Child Mortality Rates (per 1,000 live births)
47. Births delivered by caesarean section (%) 28.2 12.8 17.2 8.5 90. Very high (Systolic ≥180 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic ≥110 mm of Hg) (%) 0.7 0.7 0.7 na
19. Infant mortality rate (IMR) 29 46 41 57
programmes with area specific focus. 48. Births in a private health facility delivered by caesarean section (%) 44.8 37.7 40.9 27.7 Men
20. Under-five mortality rate (U5MR) 34 56 50 74
49. Births in a public health facility delivered by caesarean section (%) 19.9 9.3 11.9 15.2 91. Slightly above normal (Systolic 140-159 mm of Hg and/or
Current Use of Family Planning Methods (currently married women age 15–49 years) 11.4 9.8 10.4 na
Four Survey Schedules - Household, Woman’s, Man’s and Biomarker - were canvassed in local language 21. Any method4 (%) 57.2 51.7 53.5 56.3
Child Immunizations and Vitamin A Supplementation Diastolic 90-99 mm of Hg) (%)
50. Children age 12-23 months fully immunized (BCG, measles, and 3 doses each of 92. Moderately high (Systolic 160-179 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic 100-109 mm of Hg) (%) 2.7 2.0 2.3 na
using Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI). In the Household Schedule, information was 22. Any modern method4 (%) 51.2 46.0 47.8 48.5 polio and DPT) (%)
63.9 61.3 62.0 43.5
93. Very high (Systolic ≥180 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic ≥110 mm of Hg) (%) 1.0 0.8 0.9 na
collected on all usual members of the household and visitors who stayed in the household the previous night 23. Female sterilization (%) 35.7 36.1 36.0 37.3 51. Children age 12-23 months who have received BCG (%) 93.2 91.4 91.9 78.2 Women Age 15-49 Years Who Have Ever Undergone Examinations of:
as well as socio-economic characteristics of the household, water and sanitation, health insurance, number 24. Male sterilization (%) 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.0 52. Children age 12-23 months who have received 3 doses of polio vaccine (%) 73.4 72.6 72.8 78.2 94. Cervix (%) 25.3 20.7 22.3 na
25. IUD/PPIUD (%) 2.4 1.1 1.5 1.7 53. Children age 12-23 months who have received 3 doses of DPT vaccine (%) 80.2 77.7 78.4 55.3 95. Breast (%) 11.7 8.8 9.8 na
of deaths in the household in the three years preceding the survey etc. Information on the woman’s 26. Pill (%) 3.5 4.3 4.1 3.1 54. Children age 12-23 months who have received measles vaccine (%) 83.2 80.3 81.1 58.8 96. Oral cavity (%) 15.6 10.7 12.4 na
characteristics, marriage, fertility, children’s immunizations and childcare, nutrition, contraception, 27. Condom (%) 9.1 3.9 5.6 5.2 55. Children age 12-23 months who have received 3 doses of Hepatitis B vaccine (%) 63.3 62.5 62.8 na Knowledge of HIV/AIDS among Adults (age 15-49 years)
reproductive health, sexual behaviour, HIV/AIDS, domestic violence, etc. was canvassed in the Woman’s Unmet Need for Family Planning (currently married women age 15–49 years)5 56. Children age 9-59 months who received a vitamin A dose in last 6 months (%) 62.9 59.1 60.2 16.5 97. Women who have comprehensiveknowledge17 of HIV/AIDS (%) 28.1 16.9 20.9 17.3
28. Total unmet need (%) 12.1 13.2 12.9 13.9 57. Children age 12-23 months who received most of the vaccinations in public health
Schedule. The Man’s Schedule covered the man’s characteristics, marriage, his number of children, facility (%)
82.1 94.2 90.7 82.0 98. Men who have comprehensive knowledge17 of HIV/AIDS (%) 37.8 29.2 32.5 33.0
29. Unmet need for spacing (%) 5.1 5.9 5.7 6.1 99. Women who know that consistent condom use can reduce the chances of getting
contraception, fertility preferences, nutrition, sexual behaviour, attitudes towards gender roles, HIV/AIDS, etc. Quality of Family Planning Services
58. Children age 12-23 months who received most of the vaccinations in private health
16.7 3.4 7.2 10.5 HIV/AIDS (%)
67.0 48.1 54.9 36.3
facility (%)
The Biomarker Schedule covered measurements of height, weight and haemoglobin levels for children; 30. Health worker ever talked to female non-users about family planning (%) 18.6 17.2 17.7 10.1 100. Men who know that consistent condom use can reduce the chances of getting
83.4 73.7 77.4 70.0
Treatment of Childhood Diseases (children under age 5 years) HIV/AIDS (%)
measurements of height, weight, haemoglobin levels, blood pressure, and random blood glucose level for 31. Current users ever told about side effects of current method6 (%) 50.1 45.0 46.6 34.4
59. Prevalence of diarrhoea (reported) in the last 2 weeks preceding the survey (%) 8.2 9.6 9.2 9.0 Women’s Empowerment and Gender Based Violence (age 15-49 years)
women aged 15-49 years and men aged 15-54 years. In addition, women and men were requested to provide 1
Piped water into dwelling/yard/plot, public tap/standpipe, tube well or borehole, protected dug well, protected spring, rainwater, community RO plant. 2 Flush to
60. Children with diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks who received oral rehydration salts
58.5 47.9 50.6 26.0 101. Currently married women who usually participate in household decisions (%) 85.8 83.0 84.0 76.5
(ORS) (%)
a few drops of blood from a finger prick for laboratory testing for HIV. piped sewer system, flush to septic tank, flush to pit latrine, ventilated improved pit (VIP)/biogas latrine, pit latrine with slab, twin pit/composting toilet, which is not
61. Children with diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks who received zinc (%) 23.7 19.1 20.3 na 102. Women who worked in the last 12 months who were paid in cash (%) 23.2 25.4 24.6 28.6
shared with any other household. 3 Electricity, LPG/natural gas, biogas. 4 Includes other methods that are not shown separately
5
Unmet need for family planning refers to fecund women who are not using contraception but who wish to postpone the next birth (spacing) or stop childbearing 62. Children with diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks taken to a health facility (%) 74.1 65.8 67.9 61.3 103. Ever-married women who have ever experienced spousal violence (%) 25.3 34.1 31.1 37.2
This fact sheet provides information on key indicators and trends for India. The figures of NFHS-4 and that altogether (limiting). Specifically, women are considered to have unmet need for spacing if they are:
63. Prevalence of symptoms of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in the last 2 weeks 104. Ever-married women who have experienced violence during any pregnancy (%) 3.4 4.1 3.9 na
· At risk of becoming pregnant, not using contraception, and either do not want to become pregnant within the next two years, or are unsure if or when they want 2.3 2.9 2.7 5.8 105. Women owning a house and/or land (alone or jointly with others) (%) 35.2 40.1 38.4 na
of earlier rounds may not be strictly comparable due to differences in sample size and NFHS-4 will be a to become pregnant.
preceding the survey (%)
· Pregnant with a mistimed pregnancy. 64. Children with fever or symptoms of ARI in the last 2 weeks preceding the survey 106. Women having a bank or savings account that they themselves use (%) 61.0 48.5 53.0 15.1
benchmark for future surveys. NFHS-4 fieldwork for India was conducted from 20 January 2015 to 4 taken to a health facility (%) 80.0 70.8 73.2 69.6
· Postpartum amenorrhoeic for up to two years following a mistimed birth and not using contraception. 107. Women having a mobile phone that they themselves use (%) 61.8 36.9 45.9 na
Women are considered to have unmet need for limiting if they are:
December 2016 by 14 Field Agencies and gathered information from 601,509 households, 699,686 women, · At risk of becoming pregnant, not using contraception, and want no (more) children.
Child Feeding Practices and Nutritional Status of Children 108. Women age 15-24 years who use hygienic methods of protection during their
77.5 48.2 57.6 na
65. Children under age 3 years breastfed within one hour of birth9 (%) 42.8 41.1 41.6 23.4 menstrual period18(%)
and 112,122 men. Fact sheets for each State/UT and District of India are also available separately. · Pregnant with an unwanted pregnancy.
· Postpartum amenorrhoeic for up to two years following an unwanted birth and not using contraception. Tobacco Use and Alcohol Consumption among Adults (age 15-49 years)
66. Children under age 6 months exclusively breastfed10 (%) 52.1 55.9 54.9 46.4
Women who are classified as infecund have no unmet need because they are not at risk of becoming pregnant. Unmet need for family planning is the sum of
unmet need for spacing plus unmet need for limiting. 67. Children age 6-8 months receiving solid or semi-solid food and breastmilk10 (%) 50.1 39.9 42.7 52.6 109. Women who use any kind of tobacco (%) 4.4 8.1 6.8 10.8
6
Based on current users of female sterilization, IUD/PPIUD, injectables and pill who started using that method in the past 5 years. 68. Breastfeeding children age 6-23 months receiving an adequate diet10,11 (%) 10.1 8.2 8.7 na 110. Men who use any kind of tobacco (%) 38.9 48.0 44.5 57.0
69. Non-breastfeeding children age 6-23 months receiving an adequate diet10,11 (%) 16.9 12.7 14.3 na 111. Women who consume alcohol (%) 0.7 1.5 1.2 2.2
na = Not available
70. Total children age 6-23 months receiving an adequate diet10,11 (%) 11.6 8.8 9.6 na 112. Men who consume alcohol (%) 28.7 29.5 29.2 31.9
71. Children under 5 years who are stunted (height-for-age)12 (%) 31.0 41.2 38.4 48.0 113. Women who tried to stop smoking or using tobacco in any other form during the past
33.0 28.2 29.3 na
72. Children under 5 years who are wasted (weight-for-height)12 (%) 20.0 21.5 21.0 19.8 12 months19(%)
73. Children under 5 years who are severely wasted (weight-for-height)13 (%) 7.5 7.4 7.5 6.4 114. Men who tried to stop smoking or using tobacco in any other form (during the past
29.6 31.2 30.6 na
12 months)19(%)
74. Children under 5 years who are underweight (weight-for-age)12 (%) 29.1 38.3 35.8 42.5
14 15
Excludes pregnant women and women with a birth in the preceding 2 months. Haemoglobin in grams per decilitre (g/dl). Among children, prevalence is adjusted for
7
Includes mothers with two injections during the pregnancy of her last birth, or two or more injections (the last within 3 years of the last live birth), or three or more altitude. Among adults, prevalence is adjusted for altitude and for smoking status.16 Random blood sugar measurement (including those under medication).
injections (the last within 5 years of the last birth), or four or more injections (the last within 10 years of the last live birth), or five or more injections at any time prior to 17
Comprehensive knowledge means knowing that consistent use of condoms every time they have sex and having just one uninfected faithful sex partner can reduce
the last birth. Not exactly comparable with NFHS-3 due to differences in definition. 8 Full antenatal care is at least four antenatal visits, at least one tetanus toxoid (TT) the chance of getting HIV/AIDS, knowing that a healthy-looking person can have HIV/AIDS, and rejecting the two common misconceptions about transmission or
injection and iron folic acid tablets or syrup taken for 100 or more days. 9 Based on the last child born in the 5 years before the survey. 10 Based on the youngest child prevention of HIV/AIDS. 18 Locally prepared napkins, sanitary napkins and tampons are considered as hygienic methods of protection. 19 Based on those who currently
living with the mother. 11 Breastfed children receiving 4 or more food groups and a minimum meal frequency, non-breastfed children fed with a minimum of 3 Infant and smoke or use tobacco
Young Child Feeding Practices (fed with other milk or milk products at least twice a day, a minimum meal frequency that is receiving solid or semi-solid food at least
twice a day for breastfed infants 6-8 months and at least three times a day for breastfed children 9-23 months, and solid or semi-solid foods from at least four food
groups not including the milk or milk products food group). 12 Below -2 standard deviations, based on the WHO standard. 13 Below -3 standard deviations, based on the
WHO standard.
 India - Key Indicators India - Key Indicators India - Key Indicators
NFHS-3 NFHS-3 NFHS-3
Introduction Indicators NFHS-4 (2015-16) (2005-06) Indicators NFHS-4 (2015-16) (2005-06) Indicators NFHS-4 (2015-16) (2005-06)
Population and Household Profile Urban Rural Total Total Maternal and Child Health Urban Rural Total Total Nutritional Status of Adults (age 15-49 years) Urban Rural Total Total
The National Family Health Survey 2015-16 (NFHS-4), the fourth in the NFHS series, provides 1. Population (female) age 6 years and above who ever attended school (%) 80.6 63.0 68.8 58.3 Maternity Care (for last birth in the 5 years before the survey) 75. Women whose Body Mass Index (BMI) is below normal (BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2)14(%) 15.5 26.7 22.9 35.5
information on population, health and nutrition for India and each State/Union territory. NFHS-4, for the 2. Population below age 15 years (%) 24.9 30.5 28.6 34.9 32. Mothers who had antenatal check-up in the first trimester (%) 69.1 54.2 58.6 43.9 76. Men whose Body Mass Index (BMI) is below normal (BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2) (%) 15.4 23.0 20.2 34.2
first time, provides district-level estimates for many important indicators. 3. Sex ratio of the total population (females per 1,000 males) 956 1,009 991 1,000 33. Mothers who had at least 4 antenatal care visits (%) 66.4 44.8 51.2 37.0 77. Women who are overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m 2)14(%) 31.3 15.0 20.6 12.6
4. Sex ratio at birth for children born in the last five years (females per 1,000 males) 899 927 919 914 34. Mothers whose last birth was protected against neonatal tetanus7 (%) 89.9 88.6 89.0 76.3 78. Men who are overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m 2) (%) 26.6 14.3 18.9 9.3
The contents of previous rounds of NFHS are generally retained and additional components are added from 5. Children under age 5 years whose birth was registered (%) 88.8 76.1 79.7 41.2 35. Mothers who consumed iron folic acid for 100 days or more when they Anaemia among Children and Adults15
40.8 25.9 30.3 15.2
6. Households with electricity (%) 97.5 83.2 88.2 67.9 were pregnant (%) 79. Children age 6-59 months who are anaemic (<11.0 g/dl) (%) 56.0 59.5 58.6 69.4
one round to another. In this round, information on malaria prevention, migration in the context of HIV, 7. Households with an improved drinking-water source1 (%) 91.1 89.3 89.9 87.6 36. Mothers who had full antenatal care8 (%) 31.1 16.7 21.0 11.6 80. Non-pregnant women age 15-49 years who are anaemic (<12.0 g/dl) (%) 51.0 54.4 53.2 55.2
abortion, violence during pregnancy etc. have been added. The scope of clinical, anthropometric, and 8. Households using improved sanitation facility2 (%) 70.3 36.7 48.4 29.1 37. Registered pregnancies for which the mother received Mother and Child Protection
87.7 90.0 89.3 na 81. Pregnant women age 15-49 years who are anaemic (<11.0 g/dl) (%) 45.8 52.2 50.4 57.9
9. Households using clean fuel for cooking3 (%) 80.6 24.0 43.8 25.5 (MCP) card (%)
biochemical testing (CAB) or Biomarker component has been expanded to include measurement of blood 82. All women age 15-49 years who are anaemic (%) 50.8 54.3 53.1 55.3
10. Households using iodized salt (%) 96.5 91.4 93.1 76.1 38. Mothers who received postnatal care from a doctor/nurse/LHV/ANM/midwife/other 83. Men age 15-49 years who are anaemic (<13.0 g/dl) (%) 18.5 25.3 22.7 24.2
pressure and blood glucose levels. NFHS-4 sample has been designed to provide district and higher level 71.7 58.5 62.4 34.6
11. Households with any usual member covered by a health scheme or health personnel within 2 days of delivery (%) 16
28.2 28.9 28.7 4.8 Blood Sugar Level among Adults (age 15-49 years)
estimates of various indicators covered in the survey. However, estimates of indicators of sexual behaviour, health insurance (%) 39. Mothers who received financial assistance under Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) for
21.4 43.8 36.4 na Women
Characteristics of Adults (age 15-49) births delivered in an institution (%)
husband’s background and woman’s work, HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and behaviour, and, domestic 40. Average out-of-pocket expenditure per delivery in public health facility (Rs.) 3,913 2,946 3,197 na 84. Blood sugar level - high (>140 mg/dl) (%) 6.9 5.2 5.8 na
12. Women who are literate (%) 81.4 61.5 68.4 55.1 85. Blood sugar level - very high (>160 mg/dl) (%)
violence will be available at State and national level only. 13. Men who are literate (%) 90.8 82.6 85.7 78.1 41. Children born at home who were taken to a health facility for check-up within 24 3.6 2.3 2.8 na
3.2 2.4 2.5 0.3 Men
hours of birth (%)
14. Women with 10 or more years of schooling (%) 51.5 27.3 35.7 22.3 86. Blood sugar level - high (>140 mg/dl) (%)
As in the earlier rounds, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India designated 42. Children who received a health check after birth from a doctor/nurse/LHV/ANM/ 8.8 7.4 8.0 na
Marriage and Fertility 27.2 23.0 24.3 na
midwife/other health personnel within 2 days of birth (%) 87. Blood sugar level - very high (>160 mg/dl) (%) 4.4 3.5 3.9 na
International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai as the nodal agency to conduct NFHS-4. The main 15. Women age 20-24 years married before age 18 years (%) 17.5 31.5 26.8 47.4 Delivery Care (for births in the 5 years before the survey) Hypertension among Adults (age 15-49 years)
objective of each successive round of the NFHS has been to provide essential data on health and family 16. Men age 25-29 years married before age 21 years (%) 14.1 24.4 20.3 32.3 43. Institutional births (%) 88.7 75.1 78.9 38.7 Women
17. Total fertility rate (children per woman) 1.8 2.4 2.2 2.7
welfare and emerging issues in this area. NFHS-4 data will be useful in setting benchmarks and examining 44. Institutional births in public facility (%) 46.2 54.4 52.1 18.0 88. Slightly above normal (Systolic 140-159 mm of Hg and/or
7.3 6.5 6.7 na
18. Women age 15-19 years who were already mothers or pregnant at the time of the 45. Home delivery conducted by skilled health personnel (out of total deliveries) (%) 3.0 4.9 4.3 8.2
the progress in health sector the country has made over time. Besides providing evidence for the 5.0 9.2 7.9 16.0 Diastolic 90-99 mm of Hg) (%)
survey (%)
46. Births assisted by a doctor/nurse/LHV/ANM/other health personnel (%) 90.0 78.0 81.4 46.6 89. Moderately high (Systolic 160-179 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic 100-109 mm of Hg) (%) 1.6 1.3 1.4 na
effectiveness of the ongoing programmes, the data from NFHS-4 help in identifying need for new Infant and Child Mortality Rates (per 1,000 live births)
47. Births delivered by caesarean section (%) 28.2 12.8 17.2 8.5 90. Very high (Systolic ≥180 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic ≥110 mm of Hg) (%) 0.7 0.7 0.7 na
19. Infant mortality rate (IMR) 29 46 41 57
programmes with area specific focus. 48. Births in a private health facility delivered by caesarean section (%) 44.8 37.7 40.9 27.7 Men
20. Under-five mortality rate (U5MR) 34 56 50 74
49. Births in a public health facility delivered by caesarean section (%) 19.9 9.3 11.9 15.2 91. Slightly above normal (Systolic 140-159 mm of Hg and/or
Current Use of Family Planning Methods (currently married women age 15–49 years) 11.4 9.8 10.4 na
Four Survey Schedules - Household, Woman’s, Man’s and Biomarker - were canvassed in local language 21. Any method4 (%) 57.2 51.7 53.5 56.3
Child Immunizations and Vitamin A Supplementation Diastolic 90-99 mm of Hg) (%)
50. Children age 12-23 months fully immunized (BCG, measles, and 3 doses each of 92. Moderately high (Systolic 160-179 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic 100-109 mm of Hg) (%) 2.7 2.0 2.3 na
using Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI). In the Household Schedule, information was 22. Any modern method4 (%) 51.2 46.0 47.8 48.5 polio and DPT) (%)
63.9 61.3 62.0 43.5
93. Very high (Systolic ≥180 mm of Hg and/or Diastolic ≥110 mm of Hg) (%) 1.0 0.8 0.9 na
collected on all usual members of the household and visitors who stayed in the household the previous night 23. Female sterilization (%) 35.7 36.1 36.0 37.3 51. Children age 12-23 months who have received BCG (%) 93.2 91.4 91.9 78.2 Women Age 15-49 Years Who Have Ever Undergone Examinations of:
as well as socio-economic characteristics of the household, water and sanitation, health insurance, number 24. Male sterilization (%) 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.0 52. Children age 12-23 months who have received 3 doses of polio vaccine (%) 73.4 72.6 72.8 78.2 94. Cervix (%) 25.3 20.7 22.3 na
25. IUD/PPIUD (%) 2.4 1.1 1.5 1.7 53. Children age 12-23 months who have received 3 doses of DPT vaccine (%) 80.2 77.7 78.4 55.3 95. Breast (%) 11.7 8.8 9.8 na
of deaths in the household in the three years preceding the survey etc. Information on the woman’s 26. Pill (%) 3.5 4.3 4.1 3.1 54. Children age 12-23 months who have received measles vaccine (%) 83.2 80.3 81.1 58.8 96. Oral cavity (%) 15.6 10.7 12.4 na
characteristics, marriage, fertility, children’s immunizations and childcare, nutrition, contraception, 27. Condom (%) 9.1 3.9 5.6 5.2 55. Children age 12-23 months who have received 3 doses of Hepatitis B vaccine (%) 63.3 62.5 62.8 na Knowledge of HIV/AIDS among Adults (age 15-49 years)
reproductive health, sexual behaviour, HIV/AIDS, domestic violence, etc. was canvassed in the Woman’s Unmet Need for Family Planning (currently married women age 15–49 years)5 56. Children age 9-59 months who received a vitamin A dose in last 6 months (%) 62.9 59.1 60.2 16.5 97. Women who have comprehensiveknowledge17 of HIV/AIDS (%) 28.1 16.9 20.9 17.3
28. Total unmet need (%) 12.1 13.2 12.9 13.9 57. Children age 12-23 months who received most of the vaccinations in public health
Schedule. The Man’s Schedule covered the man’s characteristics, marriage, his number of children, facility (%)
82.1 94.2 90.7 82.0 98. Men who have comprehensive knowledge17 of HIV/AIDS (%) 37.8 29.2 32.5 33.0
29. Unmet need for spacing (%) 5.1 5.9 5.7 6.1 99. Women who know that consistent condom use can reduce the chances of getting
contraception, fertility preferences, nutrition, sexual behaviour, attitudes towards gender roles, HIV/AIDS, etc. Quality of Family Planning Services
58. Children age 12-23 months who received most of the vaccinations in private health
16.7 3.4 7.2 10.5 HIV/AIDS (%)
67.0 48.1 54.9 36.3
facility (%)
The Biomarker Schedule covered measurements of height, weight and haemoglobin levels for children; 30. Health worker ever talked to female non-users about family planning (%) 18.6 17.2 17.7 10.1 100. Men who know that consistent condom use can reduce the chances of getting
83.4 73.7 77.4 70.0
Treatment of Childhood Diseases (children under age 5 years) HIV/AIDS (%)
measurements of height, weight, haemoglobin levels, blood pressure, and random blood glucose level for 31. Current users ever told about side effects of current method6 (%) 50.1 45.0 46.6 34.4
59. Prevalence of diarrhoea (reported) in the last 2 weeks preceding the survey (%) 8.2 9.6 9.2 9.0 Women’s Empowerment and Gender Based Violence (age 15-49 years)
women aged 15-49 years and men aged 15-54 years. In addition, women and men were requested to provide 1
Piped water into dwelling/yard/plot, public tap/standpipe, tube well or borehole, protected dug well, protected spring, rainwater, community RO plant. 2 Flush to
60. Children with diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks who received oral rehydration salts
58.5 47.9 50.6 26.0 101. Currently married women who usually participate in household decisions (%) 85.8 83.0 84.0 76.5
(ORS) (%)
a few drops of blood from a finger prick for laboratory testing for HIV. piped sewer system, flush to septic tank, flush to pit latrine, ventilated improved pit (VIP)/biogas latrine, pit latrine with slab, twin pit/composting toilet, which is not
61. Children with diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks who received zinc (%) 23.7 19.1 20.3 na 102. Women who worked in the last 12 months who were paid in cash (%) 23.2 25.4 24.6 28.6
shared with any other household. 3 Electricity, LPG/natural gas, biogas. 4 Includes other methods that are not shown separately
5
Unmet need for family planning refers to fecund women who are not using contraception but who wish to postpone the next birth (spacing) or stop childbearing 62. Children with diarrhoea in the last 2 weeks taken to a health facility (%) 74.1 65.8 67.9 61.3 103. Ever-married women who have ever experienced spousal violence (%) 25.3 34.1 31.1 37.2
This fact sheet provides information on key indicators and trends for India. The figures of NFHS-4 and that altogether (limiting). Specifically, women are considered to have unmet need for spacing if they are:
63. Prevalence of symptoms of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in the last 2 weeks 104. Ever-married women who have experienced violence during any pregnancy (%) 3.4 4.1 3.9 na
· At risk of becoming pregnant, not using contraception, and either do not want to become pregnant within the next two years, or are unsure if or when they want 2.3 2.9 2.7 5.8 105. Women owning a house and/or land (alone or jointly with others) (%) 35.2 40.1 38.4 na
of earlier rounds may not be strictly comparable due to differences in sample size and NFHS-4 will be a to become pregnant.
preceding the survey (%)
· Pregnant with a mistimed pregnancy. 64. Children with fever or symptoms of ARI in the last 2 weeks preceding the survey 106. Women having a bank or savings account that they themselves use (%) 61.0 48.5 53.0 15.1
benchmark for future surveys. NFHS-4 fieldwork for India was conducted from 20 January 2015 to 4 taken to a health facility (%) 80.0 70.8 73.2 69.6
· Postpartum amenorrhoeic for up to two years following a mistimed birth and not using contraception. 107. Women having a mobile phone that they themselves use (%) 61.8 36.9 45.9 na
Women are considered to have unmet need for limiting if they are:
December 2016 by 14 Field Agencies and gathered information from 601,509 households, 699,686 women, · At risk of becoming pregnant, not using contraception, and want no (more) children.
Child Feeding Practices and Nutritional Status of Children 108. Women age 15-24 years who use hygienic methods of protection during their
77.5 48.2 57.6 na
65. Children under age 3 years breastfed within one hour of birth9 (%) 42.8 41.1 41.6 23.4 menstrual period18(%)
and 112,122 men. Fact sheets for each State/UT and District of India are also available separately. · Pregnant with an unwanted pregnancy.
· Postpartum amenorrhoeic for up to two years following an unwanted birth and not using contraception. Tobacco Use and Alcohol Consumption among Adults (age 15-49 years)
66. Children under age 6 months exclusively breastfed10 (%) 52.1 55.9 54.9 46.4
Women who are classified as infecund have no unmet need because they are not at risk of becoming pregnant. Unmet need for family planning is the sum of
unmet need for spacing plus unmet need for limiting. 67. Children age 6-8 months receiving solid or semi-solid food and breastmilk10 (%) 50.1 39.9 42.7 52.6 109. Women who use any kind of tobacco (%) 4.4 8.1 6.8 10.8
6
Based on current users of female sterilization, IUD/PPIUD, injectables and pill who started using that method in the past 5 years. 68. Breastfeeding children age 6-23 months receiving an adequate diet10,11 (%) 10.1 8.2 8.7 na 110. Men who use any kind of tobacco (%) 38.9 48.0 44.5 57.0
69. Non-breastfeeding children age 6-23 months receiving an adequate diet10,11 (%) 16.9 12.7 14.3 na 111. Women who consume alcohol (%) 0.7 1.5 1.2 2.2
na = Not available
70. Total children age 6-23 months receiving an adequate diet10,11 (%) 11.6 8.8 9.6 na 112. Men who consume alcohol (%) 28.7 29.5 29.2 31.9
71. Children under 5 years who are stunted (height-for-age)12 (%) 31.0 41.2 38.4 48.0 113. Women who tried to stop smoking or using tobacco in any other form during the past
33.0 28.2 29.3 na
72. Children under 5 years who are wasted (weight-for-height)12 (%) 20.0 21.5 21.0 19.8 12 months19(%)
73. Children under 5 years who are severely wasted (weight-for-height)13 (%) 7.5 7.4 7.5 6.4 114. Men who tried to stop smoking or using tobacco in any other form (during the past
29.6 31.2 30.6 na
12 months)19(%)
74. Children under 5 years who are underweight (weight-for-age)12 (%) 29.1 38.3 35.8 42.5
14 15
Excludes pregnant women and women with a birth in the preceding 2 months. Haemoglobin in grams per decilitre (g/dl). Among children, prevalence is adjusted for
7
Includes mothers with two injections during the pregnancy of her last birth, or two or more injections (the last within 3 years of the last live birth), or three or more altitude. Among adults, prevalence is adjusted for altitude and for smoking status.16 Random blood sugar measurement (including those under medication).
injections (the last within 5 years of the last birth), or four or more injections (the last within 10 years of the last live birth), or five or more injections at any time prior to 17
Comprehensive knowledge means knowing that consistent use of condoms every time they have sex and having just one uninfected faithful sex partner can reduce
the last birth. Not exactly comparable with NFHS-3 due to differences in definition. 8 Full antenatal care is at least four antenatal visits, at least one tetanus toxoid (TT) the chance of getting HIV/AIDS, knowing that a healthy-looking person can have HIV/AIDS, and rejecting the two common misconceptions about transmission or
injection and iron folic acid tablets or syrup taken for 100 or more days. 9 Based on the last child born in the 5 years before the survey. 10 Based on the youngest child prevention of HIV/AIDS. 18 Locally prepared napkins, sanitary napkins and tampons are considered as hygienic methods of protection. 19 Based on those who currently
living with the mother. 11 Breastfed children receiving 4 or more food groups and a minimum meal frequency, non-breastfed children fed with a minimum of 3 Infant and smoke or use tobacco
Young Child Feeding Practices (fed with other milk or milk products at least twice a day, a minimum meal frequency that is receiving solid or semi-solid food at least
twice a day for breastfed infants 6-8 months and at least three times a day for breastfed children 9-23 months, and solid or semi-solid foods from at least four food
groups not including the milk or milk products food group). 12 Below -2 standard deviations, based on the WHO standard. 13 Below -3 standard deviations, based on the
WHO standard.
 India -- Key
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62

Gujarat India Fact Sheet

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85
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 India
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Gujarat India Fact Sheet

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 India
India -- Key
Key Indicators
Indicators India
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SECNEICS NIndia Key Indicators
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n national and global needs based on values of inclusion, sensitivity and rights protection.” n
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Gujarat India Fact Sheet

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Deonar, Mumbai
Mumbai 400
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