-ARCHITECTURE COMPREHENSIVE water or wastewater and vent

COURSE: A REVIEWER- the wastewater within building

- ELEMENTS OF A PLUMBING
SYSTEM
THE PLUMBING SYSTEM - (1) Water supply pipes
- (2) Fixtures (devices that use
- THE ROMANS: well known for
water ie sink, toilet, dishwasher)
public water supply and waste
- (3) Soil, waste and vent pipes
water systems
- (4) Drain and sewer
- WATER SUPPLY
- (5) Gas pipes
- Water access points are outside
- (6) Storm water drainage
buildings (exclusive of the
-
wealthy)
- WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM:
- Aqueducts: transported water
network of pipes that transport
from sources
hot and cold potable water
- High quality water: drinking
under pressure
fountains
- ELEMENTS OF A WATER
- Lower quality: public baths and
SUPPLY SYSTEM
latrines (pit in the ground, used
- (1) Fixture
as a toiled)
- (2) Water heater: large insulated
- WASTEWATER SYSTEM
tank, heats cold water,
- Chamber pot (portable toilet
distributed in hot water supply
meant for nocturnal use): used
lines
in residences, dumped out
- (3) Trunk lines: hot/cold water
windows (ew)
pipes for many fixtures
- Toilets (luxurious): hole in the
- (4) Branch lines: hot/cold water
floor drained to cesspool
pipes for only 1 or 2 fixtures
(covered pit that holds drainage
- (5) Water main: supply pipe,
or sewage from building //
maintained & installed by public
discouraged due to sanitation
entity, on public property
risk)
- (6) Water service: pipe from
- Public latrines
water main to bldg. supply
(central channel → main sewage
pipes
system → nearby river or stream)
- (7) Meter: measures amount of
- Few private wastewater
water transported in water
connection systems
service
-
- (8) Valve: fitting to control water
- PLUMBING SYSTEM: consist of
flow, next to meter
elements that provide or convey
-

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- DRAIN-WASTE VENT SYSTEM:
network of pipes transporting
wastewater & sewer gases from
bldg.
- ELEMENTS OF A DRAIN-
WASTE-VENT SYSTEM
- (1) Drain pipe: pipe carrying
wastewater in building
- (2) Vent pipe: vertical pipe,
provides circulation of air to
and from drainage system
- (3) Trap: a fitting (U-shaped
usually), provides seal to
prevent flow of sewer gases
- (4) Stack: vertical pipe (for waste
or as vent), extends at least one
story
- (5) Cleanout: an access opening,
allows cleanout of pipe
- (6) Sewage: any liquid waste
with animal or vegetable
matter and chemicals
- (7) Sanitary Sewer: sewer pipe,
only carries sewage
- (8) Storm Sewer: sewer pipe,
carries either storm water or
other drainage
- (9) Building Sewer or Sewer
Lateral:
drainage system that extends
from building to disposal
system;
- - NOTE: Wastewater disposal
system can be a
municipal/public system, private
system or individual system
- (10) Sewer main: sewer pipe on
public property and
maintained by public entity
-
- PLUMBING CODES
- Goals:
- (1) protect health and safety
- (2) reduce potential for disease
- (3) provisions of rules in installing
water/sewer facilities
- (4) methods for installing
plumbing systems
- (5) for permits and inspections
- THE NATIONAL PLUMBING
CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES:
local guide for plumbing and
sanitary installations
- PIPE SIZE IS DEPENDENT ON:
- (1) Amount of water
- (2) Water pressure
- (3) Pipe length
- (4) Number of stories
- (5) Flow pressure necessary from
farthest point
- DRAINAGE AND VENT PIPE
SIZE IS DEPENDENT ON:
- (1) Plumbing fixture unit (type of
fixture & estimated amount of
waste)
- -
- FOR NON-RESIDENTIAL
FACILITIES
- The International Plumbing
Code (IPC) provides for all
system
- The International Building
Code (IBC) incorporates a few of
the plumbing regulations as
follows:
- (1) Minimum number of certain
plumbing fixtures (a. water
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 closets, b. lavatories, c.
bathtubs/showers, d. drinking
fountains, e. other)
- (2) location of toilet facilities
- (3) Toilet room requirements
- -
- PLUMBING PLAN: used to show
location of water supply, vent,
and drain lines (sometimes
storm water drains and gas
lines)

- DESIGN TIPS FOR ENERGY

CONSERVATION
- (1) hot water heater in
conditioned space
- (2) insulate hot water heater
- (3) insulate exposed hot water
pipes
- (4) insulate cold water pipes with
freezing potential
- (5) place water pipes in interior
walls, if possible
- Isometric Plumbing Plan:
- (6) use low-flow fixtures
another common type of
- (7) seal wall fenestrations
plumbing view; often used for
larger commercial facilities due
to piping complexity
- - NOTE: Toilets often have traps
incorporated in design,
additional is not required
- - NOTE: Connection in sanitary
drains are Y-shaped and not T-
shaped to facilitate movement

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