PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION

ENG 3A

Communication comes from the Latin word ‘communis’, which means

‘common’. To be common means “to come together” or “to share something
in common”.

Why study Communication?

- to understand ourselves as social being; to understand ourselves as a
person; to gain professional competence and; to preserve cultural values.

8 Elements of the Communication Process:

1. SENDER – the one who initiates the conversation.

2. ENCODING – After the sender generates an idea, the sender encodes

it in a way that can be comprehended by the receiver. Encoding refers
to the process by which the sender translates his thoughts into a series
of verbal and non-verbal actions that he feels will communicate the
message to the intended receiver. For example, translating the thought
into any language.

The sender begins with the encoding process wherein he uses certain
words or non-verbal methods such as symbols, signs, body gestures,
etc. to translate the information into a message.

3. MESSAGE - is made up of the ideas and feelings that a sender wants to

share with others.

4. COMMUNICATION CHANNEL - A medium through which a message

is transmitted. –The information that the sender wants to communicate
is transmitted over a channel through which the message travels to the
receiver. A channel connects the sender to the receiver. Channels for
communication may include a memorandum, a computer, a telephone,
a telegram, or a television.

5. NOISE - anything that has a disturbing influence on the message. Since

noise hinders communication, the sender should choose a channel that
is free from noise. Noise may occur at the sender’s end, during
transmission, or at the receiver’s end.
6. RECEIVER - The receiver is the person to whom the message is
transmitted. In order to decode the message, the receiver must be
ready to receive the message. That is. the receiver should not be
preoccupied with other thoughts that might cause him to pay insufficient
attention to the message.

7. DECODING - Here, the receiver interprets the sender’s message and

tries to understand it in the best possible manner.

8. FEEDBACK - The Feedback is the final step of the process that ensures
the receiver has received the message and interpreted it correctly as it
was intended by the sender.

2 Types of Communication

1. VERBAL COMMUNICATION - Verbal communication occurs when we

engage in speaking with others. Verbal communication may be two
types: written and oral communication. Verbal communication
takes place through face-to-face conversations, group discussions,
counseling, interview, radio, television, calls, memos, letters, reports,
notes, email etc.
  WRITTEN COMMUNICATION

Means the sending of messages, orders or instructions in writing through

letters, manuals, reports, office memos, etc.

Whether it is an email, a memo, a report, a Facebook post, a Tweet, a

contract, etc. all forms of written communication have the same goal to
disseminate information in a clear and concise manner.

 VISUAL COMMUNICATION

Conveyance of ideas and information in forms that can be seen through

illustration. Visual communication in part or whole relies on eyesight.

Examples include signs, drawing, illustration, animation, and social

media platforms like facebook, Instagram (the images, memes, videos
in there are part of visual communication.)

Consider the diagrams made by teachers on blackboards when

explaining a concept to a class of students. Or we can also take the
example of graphs made in powerpoints.

2. NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

What we do while we speak often says more than the actual words. Non-verbal
communication includes facial expressions, posture, eye contact, hand
movements, and touch.

Usually understood as the process of communication through sending and

receiving wordless messages.

Non-verbal communication is the exchanged of information or message

between two or more persons through gestures, facial expressions eye
contact, proximity, touching etc. and without using any spoken or written
word.