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0 KPI Introduction
I ntroduction
2 KPI Description
The gNodeB
gNodeB measurement object contains
Measurement of gNodeB DU
gNodeB
gNodeB distributio
distributionn unit function
function subsets,
gNBDU Performance(gNBDU) RAN2.0
which indicate the operating status of gNodeB
distribution unit.
• * In RAN2.0, the NRLOCELL MO is renamed "NRDUCELL" due to configuration object changes. The corresponding function subsets are
also renamed.
• The configuration model of CloudRAN becomes more complicated than that of integrated base stations. Therefore, there are more
measurement objects after CloudRAN
CloudRAN is introduced.
Service Function Subsets in 5G RAN2.0
Function Subset ID Function Subset Name Function Set Measurement Object Introduced In
PDCP.Cell PDCP Measurement PDCP NRCELL RAN1.0
User.Cell Cell User Quantity Measurement Traffic NRCELL RAN1.0
Reserve.Cell Cell Reserved Counter Measurement Reserve NRCELL RAN1.0
Thp.DuCell Throughput and Data Volume Measurement Traffic NRDUCELL RAN1.0
PRB.DuCell PRB Measurement RadioRes NRDUCELL RAN1.0
RLC.DuCell RLC Measurement RLC NRDUCELL RAN1.0
MAC.DuCell MAC Measurement MAC NRDUCELL RAN1.0
ChMeas.MCS. DuCell MCS Measurement ChMeas NRDUCELL RAN1.0
ChMeas.CQI. DuCell CQI Measurement ChMeas NRDUCELL RAN1.0
ChMeas.Pwr. DuCell Channel Quality Measurement ChMeas NRDUCELL RAN1.0
RA.DuCell Random Access Measurement RadioRes NRDUCELL RAN1.0
DC.Cell DC Measurement Algo NRDUCELL RAN1.0
Traffic.TRPIP.gNodeB gNodeB Transmission Interface Measurement Transport gNodeB RAN2.0
Traffic.TRPIP.gNBDU gNBDU Transmission Interface Measurement Transport gNBDU RAN2.0
Algo.Cell Cell Algorithm Measurement Algo NRCELL RAN2.0
Algo.gNodeB gNodeB Algorithm Measurement Algo gNodeB RAN2.0
CallAtt.gNBDU gNodeB DU Call Processing Times Sig gNBDU RAN2.0
CallAtt.gNodeB gNodeB Call Processing Times Sig gNodeB RAN2.0
MIMO.DuCell MIMO Channel Measurement ChMeas NRDUCELL RAN2.0
CA.Cell Cell CA Measurement Algo NRDUCELL RAN2.0
CA.DuCell DU Cell CA measurement Algo NRDUCELL RAN2.0
UlDlDecoupling.Cell Uplink and Downlink Decoupling Measurement Algo NRDUCELL RAN2.0
• * In RAN2.0, the NRLOCELL MO is renamed "NRDUCELL" due to configuration object changes. The c orresponding function subsets are
5G Service Counter Report Interval
Report Interval
A gNodeB reports measurement results to the U2020 at the end of each measurement period. Therefore, the length
of a report interval equals the length of measurement period.
The measurement period is configurable on the U2020. The length of a long measurement period can be 30 minutes
or 60 minutes, and the length of a short measurement period can be 5 minutes or 15 minutes. Only one long
measurement period and one short measurement period can be configured.
U2000 Performance Management
Catalog
1 Basic Concepts of Counters
2 KPI Description
KPI
architecture • User Uplink/Downlink Average Throughput
Service Integrity • Cell Uplink/Downlink Average Throughput
(counter-based)
• Uplink/Downlink Resource Block Utilizing Rate
Utilization
• Average CPU load
SA & NSA
Availability • Radio Network Unavailability Rate
Object
Description
Name
KPI
Formula
Associated
counter
Service Integrity KPIs
Service integrity KPIs are used to evaluate the service quality of end-users in the 5G RAN.
In RAN2.0, service integrity KPIs include:
User Uplink/Downlink Average Throughput
Cell Uplink/Downlink Average Throughput
Note: Since 5G standards in 3GPP protocols are under discussion, the preceding KPIs may be changed in
later versions.
Traffic Volume/Throughput Counter Design
Data transfer illustration in NSA DC architecture Comparison between RAN measurement and UE measurement
gNodeB eNodeB MeNB SgNB UE-LTE Cell UE-5G Cell UE Perception
PDCP traffic MCG bearer+MCG split SCG bearer +SCGsplit Cell-specific PDCP traffic volume is not 1. Total traffic volume
volume bearer bearer measured. 2. Service rate. In SA
scenarios, the 5QI may
not map to the DRB in
one-to-one mode.
3. Rates of the following
A PDCP PDCP PDCP
transmission
MCG bearer+MCG split SCG bearer+SCGsplit bearers (for PDCP):
bearer bearer MCGbearer
duration
MCG split bearer
SCG bearer
SCG split bearer
B RLC RLC
scenarios.) CA scenarios.)
SCG bearer
RLC MCG bearer+MCG split SCG bearer+MCG split MCG split bearer 2
transmission bearer 2+SCG split bearer bearer 1+SCG split SCG split bearer 2
duration 2 bearer 1
(SCG bearer +MCG
(MCG bearer+MCG split
split bearer 1+SCG
SCG bearer - option 3A (not supported in versions RAN1.0 and MAC
bearer 2+SCG split bearer
split bearer 1)
RAN2.0) 2)
SCG split bearer - option 3X transmission
Duration of transmission
Duration of
duration transmission over the
MCG bearer over the air interface of a
air interface of a
specific DU cell
specific DU cell
MCG split bearer - option 3
1. In DC scenarios, the transmit/receive traffic volume and corresponding rate cannot be accurately measured for 5G at the PDCP layer. It is recommended thatUE rates be measured at the RLC layer .
2. In CA scenarios, the rate and traffic volume over the air interface of a specific 5G cell cannot be accurately measured at the RLC layer. It is recommended thatcell rates be measured at the MAC layer
Service Integrity KPIs – User Uplink/Downlink Average Throughput
These KPIs indicate the average uplink and downlink UE throughputs in a cell.
Name User Up link Ave ra ge Throu ghp ut Na me Us er D ownlin k Ave rage T hro ugh put
UserULAveThp = UserDLAveThp =
Formula Formula
UserULRmvSmallPktTrafficVolume/UserULRmvSmallPktTransferTime UserDLRmvLastSlotTrafficVolume/UserDLRmvLastSlotTransferTime
Associated User Uplink Average Throughput = (N.ThpVol.UL- Associated User Downlink Average Throughput = (N.ThpVol.DL -
Counter N.ThpVol.UE.UL.SmallPkt)/N.ThpTime.UE.UL.RmvSmallPkt Counter N.ThpVol.DL.LastSlot)/N.ThpTime.DL.RmvLastSlot
RAN1.0 Name User Uplink Average Throughput Name User Downlink Average Throughput
UserULAveThp =
Formula Formula UserDLAveThp = UserDLTrafficVolume/UserDLTransferTime
UserULTrafficVolume/UserULTransferTime
Associated User Uplink Average Throughput = Associated User Downlink Average Throughput =
Counter N.ThpVol.UL/N.ThpTime.UL Counter N.ThpVol.DL/N.ThpTime.DL
These KPIs indicate the average uplink and downlink cell throughputs, which reflect the cell capacity.
Name Cell Uplink Average Throughput Name Cell Downlink Average Throughput
CellULAveThp =
Formula Formula CellDLAveThp = CellDLTrafficVolume/CellDLTransferTime
CellULTrafficVolume/CellULTransferTime
Utilization KPIs are used to evaluate the capabilities, such as the capability to meet traffic
demands, in specific internal conditions.
These KPIs indicate the busy-hour uplink and downlink RB usages in a cell or RAN.
Name Uplink Resource Block Utilizing Rate Name Downlink Resource Block Utilizing Rate
Associated Uplink Resource Block Utilizing Rate = Associated Downlink Resource Block Utilizing Rate =
Counter (N.PRB.UL.Used.Avg/N.PRB.UL.Avail.Avg) x 1 00% Counter (N.PRB.DL.Used.Avg/N.PRB.DL.Avail.Avg) x 10 0%
Unit % Unit %
Utilization KPI – Average CPU Load
Object CPU
Formula MeanCPUUtility
Associated
Average CPU Load = VS.BBUBoard.CPULoad.Mean
Counter
Unit %
Availability KPI
This KPI indicates the percentage of time when cells in a radio network are unavailable. It is used to evaluate
the deterioration of network performance caused by cell unavailability of the radio network during busy hours.
Unit %
Traffic KPIs
Traffic KPIs are used to measure the traffic volume on the 5G RAN. In RAN2.0, utilization
KPIs include:
Uplink/Downlink Traffic Volume
Average/Maximum User Number
Note: Since 5G standards in 3GPP protocols are under discussion, the preceding KPIs may be changed in
later versions.
Traffic KPIs – Uplink/Downlink Traffic Volume
These KPIs indicate the uplink and downlink traffic volumes in a cell, which are measured at the Radio
Link Control (RLC) layer.
Associated Associated
Uplink Traffic Volume = N.ThpVol.UL Downlink Traffic Volume = N.ThpVol.DL
Counter Counter
This KPI indicates the average number of UEs in RRC_Connected mode in a cell. The gNodeB samples and
records the number of UEs every second and then calculates the average value of these samples at the end
of each measurement period.
Associated Associated
Maximum User Number = N.User.RRCConn.Max
Counter Average User Number = N.User.RRCConn.Avg Counter
2 KPI Description
SgNB
• SgNB PSCell change success rate
EPC modification
S1-C S1-U S1-U
LTE
gNodeB • Number of NSA UEs
eNodeB
Traffic evaluation • NSA option 3X:
Total volume of PDCP traffic
Volume of PDCP traffic
transferred to MeNB
* Data split from SgNB in option 3X
* Data split from MeNB in option 3.
SgNB Addition Procedure and Counters
A N.NsaDc.In
Number of intra- As shown at point A in figure 1, the
SgNB PSCell N.NsaDc.IntraSgNB.PSCell.Change.Att counter
traSgNB.P
change requests is incremented by 1 each time the gNodeB
SCell.Chan
in the LTE-NR sends an SgNB Modification Required message
ge.Att
NSA DC scenario to the eNodeB to request a PSCell change.
Number of As shown at point B in figure 1, the
B N.NsaDc.In successful intra- N.NsaDc.IntraSgNB.PSCell.Change.Succ
traSgNB.P SgNB PSCell counter is incremented by 1 each time the
SCell.Chan changes in the gNodeB is notified of a PSCell change via an
ge.Succ LTE-NR NSA DC SgNB Modification Confirm message from the
scenario eNodeB.
As shown at point A in figure 2, the
Figure 2 Change to inter-site gNodeB Number of inter- N.NsaDc.InterSgNB.PSCell.Change.Att
N.NsaDc.In
UE MN S-SN T-SN S-GW MME SgNB PSCell counter is incremented by 1 each time the
terSgNB.P
change requests gNodeB sends an SgNB Change Required
4.
1. SgNB Change Required
As shown at points A and B in figure 1, when the gNodeB receives an SgNB
Modification Confirm message from the eNodeB, the gNodeB adds the value of
E-RAB number in "E-RABs To Be Released Item" of the SgNB Modification
Required message to the N.NsaDc.DRB.Rel counter.
As shown at point B in figure 2, when the gNodeB receives an SgNB Release
Confirm message from the eNodeB, the gNodeB adds the value of E-RAB
Figure 2 number contained in "E-RABs To Be Released Item" to the N.NsaDc.DRB.Rel
Number of DRB counter.
N.NsaDc.DRB releases for LTE-NR As shown at points B and C in figure 3, when the gNodeB receives an SgNB
.Rel NSA DC UEs on the Reconfiguration Complete message from the eNodeB, the gNodeB adds the
SgNB value of E-RAB number contained in "E-RABs Admitted To Be Released Item"
of the SgNB Modification Request Acknowledge message to the
N.NsaDc.DRB.Rel counter.
As shown at point A in figure 4, when the gNodeB receives an SgNB Release
Figure 3 Request message from the eNodeB, the gNodeB adds the value of E-RAB
number contained in "E-RABs To Be Released Item" to the N.NsaDc.DRB.Rel
counter. The counter value is accumulated in the PSCell of LTE-NR NSA DC
UEs.
As shown at points A and B in figure 1, when the gNodeB receives an SgNB
Modification Confirm message from the eNodeB, the gNodeB adds the value of
E-RAB number contained in "E-RABs To Be Released Item" to the
N.NsaDc.DRB.AbnormRel counter if the cause value contained in the SgNB
Modification Required message is "Radio Connection With UE Lost" or "Failure
Figure 4 Number of abnormal
in the Radio Interface".
N.NsaDc.DRB DRB releases for
As shown at points A and B in figure 2, when the gNodeB receives an SgNB
.AbnormRel LTE-NR NSA DC
Release Confirm message from the eNodeB, the gNodeB adds the value of E-
UEs on the SgNB
RAB number contained in "E-RABs To Be Released Item" to the
N.NsaDc.DRB.AbnormRel counter if the cause value contained in the SgNB
Release Required message is "Radio Connection With UE Lost" or "Failure in
SgNB Traffic Evaluation
In NSA architecture, traffic volume is evaluated using the counters listed in the following table.
Number of PDCP SDUs for DRBs transmi tted to the upper
N.PDCP.UL.TrfSDU.TxPackets
layer in a cell
Number of SDUs for DRBs received at the P DCP layer in a
N.PDCP.DL.TrfSDU.RxPackets
cell
Traffic of PDCP SDUs for DRBs transmitted to the upper layer Number of SDUs transmitted to or
N.PDCP.Vol.UL.TrfSDU.Tx received from the upper layer and the
in a cell
volume of the SDUs
N.PDCP.Vol.DL.TrfSDU.Rx Traffic of SDUs for DRBs received at the PDCP layer in a cell
Number of PDCP PDUs for DRBs transmi tted to the RLC layer
N.PDCP.DL.TrfPDU.TxPackets
in a cell
Number of RLC PDUs for DRBs received at the PDCP layer in Uplink PDCP packet loss
N.PDCP.UL.TrfPDU.RxPackets
a cell
Number of PDCP PDUs retransmitted to the RLC layer i n a Number of PDUs transmitted to
N.PDCP.DL.TrfPDU.ReTxPackets
cell or received from the lower layer
Traffic of PDCP PDUs for DRBs transmitted to the RLC layer and the volume of the PDUs
N.PDCP.Vol.DL.TrfPDU.Tx
in a cell
Traffic of RLC PDUs for DRBs received at the PDCP layer in a Number of PDUs
N.PDCP.Vol.UL.TrfPDU.Rx
cell transmitted to LTE and
N.PDCP.UL.TrfSDU.RxPacket.Loss Number of lost uplink PDCP SDUs for DRBs in a cell the volume of the PDUs
Number of PDCP PDUs transmitted in the downlink over the Downlink air
N.PDCP.DL.X2U.TrfPDU.TxPackets
X2 interface in a cell interface packet loss
Number of PDCP PDUs for DRBs received i n the uplink over
N.PDCP.UL.X2U.TrfPDU.RxPackets
the X2
Number of PDCP PDUs retransmitted in the downlink over the
N.PDCP.DL.X2U.ReqRetransPackets
X2 interface in a cell
Traffic of PDCP PDUs for DRBs transmitted in the downlink
N.PDCP.Vol.DL.X2U.TrfPDU.Tx
over the X2 interface in a cell
Traffic of PDCP PDUs for DRBs received in the uplink over the
N.PDCP.Vol.UL.X2U.TrfPDU.Rx
X2 interface in a cell
In the NSA architecture, the average/maximum user number of NSA DC is evaluated using the N.User.NsaDc.PSCell.Avg counter.
In the NSA architecture, the number of RRC users is evaluated using the N.User.RRCConn.Avg counter and the N.User.RRCConn.Max
counter. These two counters are also applicable to SA
Thank you
www.huawei.com
SgNB
• SgNB PSCell change success rate
EPC modification
S1-C S1-U S1-U
LTE
gNodeB • Number of NSA UEs
eNodeB
Traffic evaluation • NSA option 3X:
Total volume of PDCP traffic
Volume of PDCP traffic
transferred to MeNB
* Data split from SgNB in option 3X
* Data split from MeNB in option 3.
SgNB Addition Procedure and Counters
UE MeNB
SgNB
Counter Name Counter Description Measurement Point
UE MeNB
SgNB
RRCConnectionReconfiguration
RRCConnectionReconfiguration
Complete
SgNB Modification Procedure and Counters
Figure 1
Counter Name Counter Description Measurement Point
UE MeNB S-SgNB T-SgNB
Total uplink MeNB traffic volume received by The counter measures the total uplink traffic volume received at
UEs in the PCell from the PDCP layer of the the PDCP layer by LTE-NR NSA DC UEs from the MeNB during
L.Thpt.bits.UL.McgSplit.MeNB
MeNB during LTE-NR NSA DC Option3 uplink Option3 offloading. The volume of successfully received
offloading SDU data is accumulated as the value of this counter.
Total uplink SgNB traffic volume received by The counter measures the total uplink traffic volume received at
UEs in the PCell from the PDCP layer of the the PDCP layer by LTE-NR NSA DC UEs from the SgNB during
L.Thpt.bits.UL.McgSplit.SgNB
MeNB during LTE-NR NSA DC Option3 uplink Option3 offloading. The volume of successfully received
offloading SDU data is accumulated as the value of this counter.
The number of all UEs in connected mode (in both the LTE PCell
Average number of UEs that treat the local and the NR PSCell) that are in the LTE-NR NSA DC state and
L.Traffic.User.NsaDc.PCell.Avg cell as their PCell in the LTE-NR NSA DC treat the local cell as their PCell are sampled per second in a cell.
state At the end of a measurement period, the average of these
sampling results is taken as the counter value.
3GPP PM Protocol Roadmap
New specifications
Series Title For info at TSG# For approval at TSG#
"28.XXX" Performance Management for 5G networks and network slicing; stage 1 SA#79 (Mar 2018) SA#80 (Jun 2018)
"28.XXX" Performance Management for 5G networks and network slicing; stage 2 and stage 3 SA#79 (Mar 2018) SA#80 (Jun 2018)
"28.XXX" Performance measurements and assurance data for NG-RAN Network Functions SA#79 (Mar 2018) SA#80 (Jun 2018)
"28.XXX" Performance measurements and assurance data for 5GC Network Functions SA#79 (Mar 2018) SA#80 (Jun 2018)
End to end KPIs, Performance measurements and assurance data for 5G networks and
"28.XXX" SA#79 (Mar 2018) SA#80 (Jun 2018)
network slicing