Lembar Jawaban

1. Dalam File Excell tersedia Data abnormalitas. Data pada pria : SGOT/SGPT, Hb,
Trigliceride, tota kolesterol, HDL, LDL
Hitunglah nilai:
1.1. Hitung harga rerata
1.2. Hitung standard deviasi
1.3. Nilai abnormalitas: X± 2 SD

Statistics
TotalKolestro
SGOT/SGPT Hemoglobin Trigliserid l HDL LDL
N Valid 200 200 200 200 200 200
Missing 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mean 26.29 12.472 115.31 137.24 89.44 74.64
Std. Deviation 13.923 .3238 20.047 32.405 17.119 13.634

parameter rerata SD Rerata ±2 SD Nilai abnormalitas

SGOT/SGPT 26,29 13,923 26,29+2(13,923)=54,13 54,13+0,05= 54,18
(≥54,18) dikatakan
abnormal
HB 12,47 0,324 12,47-2(0,324)=11,83 11,83-0,05= 11,78
(≤11,78) dikatakan
abnormal
Triglyceride 115,30 20,047 115,30+2(20,047)=155,39 155,39+0,05= 155,44
(≥155,44) dikatakan
abnormal
Total kolesterol 137,23 32,405 137,23+2(32,405)=202,04 202,04+0,05=202,09
(≥202,09) dikatakan
abnormal
HDL 89,44 17,119 89,44-2(17,119)=55,22 55,2-0,05= 55,17
(≤55,17) dikatakan
abnormal
LDL 74,64 13,634 74,64+2(13,634)= 101,91 101,91+0,05= 101,96
(≥101,96) dikatakan
abnormal

2. Rapid breathing is an important clinical manifestation of illness in a young infant. Acute

Respiratory Infection especially pneumonia often delay referring to the hospital,
especially in a 2-month infant. For this reason, health center wants to involve health care
to detect pneumonia. Tachypnea has recommended by WHO as an indicator ofhypoxia.
A gold standard for diagnosing hypoxia is oximetry but this is
expensive.
Buatlah
2.1. Tabel P.I.C.O
2.2. Buatlah Clinical Question
2.3. Buatlah Search Term/Search/Keyword
2.4. Lakukan Searching
2.5. Pastekan Abstract Artikel yang didapat pada lembar Jawaban
2.6. Lakukan Critical Appraisal dari Artikel dengan critical appraisal worksheet
Lampirkan Full Text PDF

2.1. PICO

Patient Infant less than 2 month

Intervention Tachipnea
Comparation Pulse oximetry
Outcome Predict to Hypoxia

2.2. Clinical Question

Pertanyaan : is tachipnea as accurate as pulse oxymetry to predict hypoxia?

2.3. Search term/search/keyword :

Infant 2 month AND tachipnea AND oxymetry AND hypoxia

Infant 2 month AND hypoxia
Infant 2 month AND tachipnea AND oxymeter:

2.4. Lakukan searching di PubMed

Infant 2 month AND tachipnea AND oxymeter:
Tachypnea is a good predictor of hypoxia in acutely ill infants under 2 months
 2.5. Critical Appraisal
A. VALIDITAS; Apakah Uji diagnostik ini valid?(Are the results of this diagnostic study
valid?)
Apakah pemeriksaan uji dan baku emas
dilakukan secara tersamar?
Apakah uji diagnstoik ini mencakup
spektrum yg sesuai seperti dalam praktek?
Apakah baku emas tetap diperiksa tanpa
melihat hasil uji diagnostik?
Apakah tes (atau kumpulan tes) divalidasi
dalam dua kali, pada kelompok pasien
independen?
Ya, terdapat perbandingan laju
pernapasan pada bayi usia <2 bulan
sebagai gold standard penilaian hypoxia
Ya, tes dilakukan pada bayi usia <2 bulan
dengan laju pernapasan> 50 /menit
dalam 120 (60%),> 60 / menit dalam 101
(50,5%), dan> 70 / menit pada 58 (29%)
bayi
Ya, dilakukan pemeriksaan oximetri.
Ya
B. IMPORTANCE (Apakah uji diagnostik ini penting? (Are the valid results of this diagnostic
study important?)

Sensitivity = a/(a+c) 23/32 = 72%

Specificity = d/(b+d) 90/168 = 54%

Positive Predictive Value = a/(a+b) 23/101 = 0,23 x 100= 23%

Negative Predictive Value = d/(c+d) 90/99 = 0,90 x 100 = 90%

Likelihood ratio for a positive test result 72/45 = 1,6

= LR+ = sens/(1-spec)

Likelihood ratio for a negative test result 28/54 = 0,52

= LR - = (1-sens)/spec

Pre-test probability (prevalence) = (23+9)/(23+78+9+90) = 32/200 = 0,16

(a+c)/(a+b+c+d)

CALCULATIONS
Target disorder

Totals
Present Absent
Positive 23 78 101
Diagno
stic
test Negative 9 90 99
result

32 168 200
Totals
C. APLICABILITY: DAPATKAN KITA MENERAPKAN HASIL STUDI INI PADA PASIEN KITA?

Apakah pasien kita mirip dengan pasien pada Ya, pasien di penelitian mirip dengan
studi diagnostik ini? pasien yang datang kepada saya

Apakah kita dapat memperkirakan Ya

prevalensi (pre-test probability) pasin
kita?(berdasakan pengalaman, pustaka, dll)

Apakaha hasil uji diagnostik ini, khususnya Tidak, hanya terdapat 23% yang
nilai rediksi positif (NPP) nya membantu tata menunjukan hasil laju pernapasan
laksana terhadap paien kita? dimasa akan datang akan
menunjukkan bayi <2 bulan yang
mengalami hipoxia. Sehingga tidak
membantu tatalaksana terhadap
pasien
Apakah secara keselruhan uji ini membantu Ya
pasien kita?

Kesimpulan: hasil uji diagnosis ini valid dan laju pernapasan dapat diaplikasikan ke pasien
sebagai alternatif dalam mendiagnosis hypoxia.

3. Case: a child (four years old) come together with his mother to a phisician with fever and
tachypnea. His mother tell that his children want to get medicine in short time. The doctor
think amoxicillin can be take 3 days or five days to cure non severe pneumonia.
Buatlah :
a. Tabel P.I.C.O

b. Buatlah Clinical Question

c. Buatlah Search Term/Search/Keyword
d. Lakukan Searching
e. Pastekan Abstract Artikel yang didapat pada lembar Jawaban
 f. Lakukan Critical Appraisal dari Artikel dengan critical appraisal worksheet
Lampirkan Full text PDF

a. Tabel PICO

Patient A child (four years old) with fever and tachypnea

Intervention 3 days Amoxicillin
Comparison Five days amoxicillin
Outcome to cure non severe pneumonia

b. Clinical question :

Is child with fever and tachypneu, with 3 days amoxicillin or 5 days amoxicillin can cure
pneumonia?
Is 3 days amoxicillin is as effective as 5 days to cure non severe pneumonia in 4 years old child
with fever and tachypnea?
c. Search :

Child 4 years old AND 3 days amoxicillin AND 5 days amoxicillin AND non severe pneumonia
3 days vs 5 days treatment with amoxicillin for non severe pneumonia in young children
multicenter randomized conttolled trial (2004)
d. Searching
e. Pubmed
 f. Critical Appraisal Therapy Study

(Randomized Controlled Trial)

Artikel : Three day versus five day treatment with amoxicillin for non-severe
pneumonia in young children: a multicentre randomised controlled trial
Penulis utama : G. Agarwal
Jurnal : BMJ. 2004 Apr 3;328(7443):791

SCREENING
 Does the study question match your  Yes (three day course of amoxicillin
question? for treating community acquired
non-severe pneumonia in children is
equally as effective as a five day
course

 Was the study design appropriate?  Yes (Randomised controlled trial)

VALIDITY
F: Patient Follow-Up
 Were all patients who entered the trial  Yes (Loss to follow up was 5.4% by
properly accounted for at its conclusion? day 5, and 6.8% by day 14)
Losses to follow-up should be less than
20% and reasons for drop-out given.

 Was follow-up long enough?  No (follow up was limited to only 15

R: Randomization
 Were the recruited patients
representative of the target population?
days)
 Yes (Participants were children aged
2-59 months with complaints of
cough, rapid respiration, or difficulty
in breathing)

 Was the allocation (assignment) of  Yes (This double blind, placebo

patients to treatment randomized and
concealed?
I: Intention to Treat Analysis
 Were patients analyzed in the groups
to which they were randomized?
controlled, randomised trial)
 Yes (We compared baseline and
other characteristics and therapeutic

 Were all randomized patient data
analyzed? If not, was a sensitivity or
“worst case scenario” analysis done?
S: Similar Baseline Characteristics of
Patients
 Were groups similar at the start of the
trial?
B: Blinding
 Were patients, health workers, and
study personnel “blind” to treatment?
 If blinding was impossible, were blinded
raters and/or objective outcome measures
used?
E: Equal Treatment
 Aside from the experimental
intervention, were the groups treated
equally?
Conflict of Interest
 Are the sources of support and other
potential conflicts of interest
acknowledged and addressed?
Summary of Article’s Validity
 Notable study strengths or weaknesses
or concerns?
failures between the two treatment
groups)
 Yes (We also performed per protocol
analysis for participants with
complete follow up and adherence to
treatment)
 Yes (There were no substantial
differences in the baseline
characteristics of the treatment
groups)
 Yes (Block randomisation, with
variable sized blocks, was done for
each participating site to avoid
unblinding)
 Tidak ada data pada artikel mengenai
intervensi/perlakuan yang diberikan
saat penelitian selain intervensi
eksperimental)
 No
 Yes (The main strengths of our trial
were that it was large, double blind,
and multicentre and was conducted
over two years covering all four
seasons with a minimal loss to follow
up and good adherence to
treatment. Its limitations are that is
was a hospital based study, causes of
infection were not investigated,
 follow up was limited to only 15
days, and children with history of
asthma were excluded)

 How serious are the threats to validity  Bisa meningkatkan kemungkinan

and in what direction could they bias the false positive
study outcomes?

CLINICAL IMPORTANCE

Cure on day 5 Relapse after day 5

3 days treatment a=980 b=58 1038
5 days treatment c=983 d=48 1031

CER *Control event rate)=c/(c+d) 983/1031=0,953

EER (experimenal event rate) =a/(a+b) 980/1038=0,944
RR (Relative Risik)=(a+b)/(c+d) 1038/1031=1,006
RRR (relative Risi reduction)/RBI (relative (0,953-0,944)/0,953=0,009/0,953=0,0097
Benefit Increase)=(CER-EER)/CER
ARI (Atributable Riskk Reduction)/ABI 0,0093
(Absolut Benefit Increase)-CER-EER
NNT (Bnmber Needed tto Treat) 1/RRR 107,296
Results OF IMPORTANCY  RR= 1,006 artinya jika terapi amoxicillin
diberikan selama 3 hari, peluang
kesembuhan sebesar 1,006 kali
dibandingkan pemberian amoxicillin
selama 5 hari
 RRR 0,0097 artinya hahwa pemberian
Amoxicillin selama 3 hari dapat
meningkatkan kesembuhan sebesar
0,97% dibandingkan isosorbid
prodiprogel + Diuretik (>50% sangat
bermakna)
 ARI 0,093 (0,93%) apabila pemberian
Amoxicillin selama 3 hari digunakan
sebagai terapi, maka selisih insiden
 kesembuhan antara amoxicillin 3 hari dan
amoxicillin 5 hari sebesar 0,93%
 NNT 107,296 artinya kita membutuhkan
terapi sebanyak 107-108 orang untuk
mendapatkan suatu kesembuhan.

Terapi Amoxicillin selama 3 hari dalam

kesembuhan Non-severe pneumonia adalah
sangat penting secara klinis.

APPLICAbILITY
`
Similar patient Ya, karakteristik pasien saya mirip dengan
1. Are your patients similar to those in the pasien yang ada dalam penelitian
study?
2. Are they so different that the results can’t Tidak, karakteristik pasien dan juga
help you pemberian terapi dalam penelitian tidak
Apakah tersedia obat, keahllian, fasilitas, berbeda dengan dengan pasien saya
biaya yg diperlukkan? Ya, tersedia obat, keahlian, fasilitas, biaya
yang diperlukan.
3. How much of the study effect can you Ya, pasien dan keluarga dapat menerima.
expect for your patients
Apakah pasin dan keluarga dapat menerima
pemberian obat/pengobatan atas dasar nilai
nilai sosial, budaya dan agama?
Realistic Interventions Ya, intervensi bisa dilakukan pada praktik
4. Is the intervention realistic in your sehari-hari
setting?
5. Does the comparison intervention reflect Ya, terapi komparasi pemberian amoxicillin
your current practice? selama 5 hari lebih sering digunakan pada
praktik sehari-hari
6. What alternatives are available Terapi pemberian amoxicillin selama 3 hari
Right Outcomes Ya, sudah dipertimbangkan
7. Have all the right outcomes been
considered?
8. Are the outcomes appropriate to your Ya, outcome pada pasien saya sesuai dengan
patient? outcome pada penelitian
9. Does the intervention meet their values Ya, intervensi yang diberikan sesuai dengan
and preferences? pilihan mereka
Overall conclusion Pengobatan dengan amoksisilin oral selama
tiga hari sama efektifnya dengan
pengobatan amoxicillin selama lima hari
pada anak-anak dengan non-severe
 pneumonia dan bisa diaplikasikan pada
tempat praktik sehari-hari.
4. A. Dalam file excell tersedia data diagnosis td LDL, KRETININ KINASE DAN MCI
a. Buat cut off point nilai kreatinin kinase dan nilai diagnostik dari kreatinin kinase
b. Buat Kurva AUC
c. Buat kesimpulan

B. Kerjakan dengan cara yg sama untuk nilai diagnostik LDL untuk mendiagnosis MCI

Area Under the Curve

Test Result Variable(s): KretaininKinase
Asymptotic 95% Confidence
Asymptotic Interval
Area Std. Errora Sig.b Lower Bound Upper Bound
,973 .c . . .
The test result variable(s): KretaininKinase has at least one tie
between the positive actual state group and the negative actual
state group. Statistics may be biased.
a. Under the bi-negative exponential distribution assumption
b. Null hypothesis: true area = 0.5
 c. Number of valid observations of the positive actual state group is
not equal to that of the negative actual state group. Therefore,
under the bi-negative exponential distribution assumption, Std.
Error, Asymptotic Sig., and Asymptotic Confidence Interval cannot
be computed.

 0,973 (kreatinin kinase sangat akurat/excellent dalam mendiagnosis MCI)

Gunakan cut of point  71,53 karena nilai spesifisitas dan sensitivitas nya besar (makin
besar cut of point maka makin sensitif)
Sensitiviti = 1-0,077 = 0,923 x 100 = 92,3  (a/a+c)x100

Coordinates of the Curve

Test Result Variable(s): KretaininKinase
Positive if Less 1-
Than or Equal Toa Sensitivity Specificity
39,0886 ,000 ,000
41,1611 ,023 ,000
43,0839 ,046 ,000
44,2304 ,069 ,000
44,9334 ,092 ,000
45,6667 ,115 ,000
46,2684 ,138 ,000
46,6276 ,161 ,000
46,7673 ,184 ,000
48,1952 ,207 ,000
50,3845 ,230 ,000
51,3176 ,253 ,000
51,4688 ,276 ,000
51,5517 ,299 ,000
52,4386 ,322 ,000
53,3652 ,345 ,000
53,5088 ,368 ,000
53,6076 ,391 ,000
53,7769 ,414 ,000
54,3480 ,437 ,000
55,2073 ,460 ,000
56,0252 ,483 ,000
56,5564 ,506 ,000
56,7348 ,529 ,000
56,8419 ,552 ,000
 57,1675 ,575 ,000
59,4752 ,598 ,000
61,6006 ,621 ,000
61,9131 ,644 ,000
62,7529 ,667 ,000
63,8069 ,690 ,000
64,8095 ,713 ,000
65,3884 ,736 ,000
65,5237 ,759 ,000
65,7607 ,782 ,000
66,4966 ,805 ,000
67,5075 ,828 ,000
68,1614 ,851 ,000
68,7383 ,874 ,000
69,0822 ,897 ,000
69,6370 ,920 ,000
71,5340 ,931 ,077
73,0767 ,931 ,231
74,2451 ,943 ,308
75,8777 ,966 ,308
76,7010 ,977 ,385
77,1723 ,989 ,462
77,7262 ,989 ,615
78,1785 1,000 ,692
78,5185 1,000 ,846
79,6751 1,000 1,000

The test result variable(s): KretaininKinase has

at least one tie between the positive actual
state group and the negative actual state group.
a. The smallest cutoff value is the minimum
observed test value minus 1, and the largest
cutoff value is the maximum observed test value
plus 1. All the other cutoff values are the
averages of two consecutive ordered observed
test values.
 kreatininkinase group * MCI1 Crosstabulation
MCI1
1,00 2,00 Total
kreatininkinase >=71,53 Count 12 6 18
group % within
66,7% 33,3% 100,0%
kreatininkinase group
<=71,53 Count 1 81 82
% within
1,2% 98,8% 100,0%
kreatininkinase group
Total Count 13 87 100
% within
13,0% 87,0% 100,0%
kreatininkinase group
a: 12
b: 6
c: 1
d: 81

A. a. AUC 0,973
b. SENSITIVITY = 92% SPECIFICITY = 0,93 LR+= 13,38 LR – 0,08
PPV (POSITIF PREDICT VALUE)=67%, NPV (NEGATIV PREDICT VALUE)=1,2%
c. Kesimpulan
AKURASI= 0,973 EXCELLENT, artinya pada cut of point kreatinin kinase 71,53.
Dapat mendiagnosis MCI sebesar 93%. VALIDITAS: VALID_SEN 92%, SPEC 93%
B. LDL

Area Under the Curve

Test Result Variable(s): LDL
Asymptotic 95% Confidence
Asymptotic Interval
Area Std. Errora Sig.b Lower Bound Upper Bound
,598 .c . . .
a. Under the bi-negative exponential distribution assumption
b. Null hypothesis: true area = 0.5
c. Number of valid observations of the positive actual state group is
not equal to that of the negative actual state group. Therefore,
under the bi-negative exponential distribution assumption, Std.
Error, Asymptotic Sig., and Asymptotic Confidence Interval cannot
be computed.

 0,598 (kreatinin kinase sangat akurat/excellent dalam mendiagnosis MCI)

Gunakan cut of point  132,96 karena nilai spesifisitas dan sensitivitas nya besar (makin
besar cut of point maka makin sensitif)
Sensitiviti = (a/a+c)x100  (9/9+4) = 0,69 x 100 = 69,23
 Coordinates of the Curve
Test Result Variable(s): LDL
Positive if Greater
Than or Equal Toa Sensitivity 1 - Specificity
95,3900 1,000 1,000
100,9950 ,989 1,000
107,9950 ,977 1,000
111,5750 ,977 ,923
113,0850 ,966 ,923
113,8750 ,954 ,923
114,6750 ,954 ,846
115,9450 ,943 ,846
117,5450 ,931 ,846
118,5200 ,920 ,846
118,8550 ,908 ,846
120,0250 ,897 ,846
121,7450 ,897 ,769
122,4800 ,885 ,769
123,0300 ,874 ,769
123,8750 ,862 ,769
124,3900 ,851 ,769
124,7150 ,839 ,769
125,1300 ,839 ,692
125,2950 ,828 ,692
126,6650 ,816 ,692
128,2250 ,805 ,692
128,4900 ,793 ,692
129,0850 ,782 ,692
129,8200 ,770 ,692
130,0500 ,759 ,692
130,3100 ,747 ,692
130,6550 ,736 ,692
131,4900 ,724 ,692
132,5450 ,713 ,692
132,9550 ,701 ,692
133,1450 ,690 ,692
133,3700 ,678 ,692
133,9450 ,667 ,692
134,8000 ,655 ,692
135,2550 ,644 ,692
135,4750 ,632 ,692
135,6700 ,621 ,692
135,7450 ,621 ,615
135,8600 ,609 ,615
136,1850 ,598 ,615
136,4800 ,586 ,615
136,7500 ,586 ,538
138,1850 ,586 ,462
139,8050 ,586 ,385
140,2750 ,586 ,308
140,5100 ,575 ,308
140,7050 ,563 ,308
140,8900 ,552 ,308
141,3150 ,540 ,308
141,6200 ,529 ,308
141,6700 ,517 ,308
141,7850 ,506 ,308
142,3100 ,494 ,308
142,7600 ,483 ,308
142,8500 ,483 ,231
142,9550 ,471 ,231
143,3300 ,471 ,154
143,7250 ,460 ,154
144,1900 ,448 ,154
144,7350 ,437 ,154
145,0850 ,425 ,154
145,4850 ,414 ,154
145,7350 ,402 ,154
145,9250 ,391 ,154
146,1800 ,379 ,154
146,5550 ,368 ,154
148,0300 ,356 ,154
149,4850 ,345 ,154
150,0750 ,333 ,154
150,4600 ,322 ,154
150,8200 ,310 ,154
151,6900 ,299 ,154
152,3150 ,287 ,154
153,4850 ,276 ,154
154,5900 ,264 ,154
 154,7850 ,253 ,154
155,0550 ,241 ,154
155,8250 ,230 ,154
156,6350 ,218 ,154
157,1050 ,207 ,154
157,5500 ,195 ,154
158,0350 ,184 ,154
158,6400 ,172 ,154
158,9400 ,172 ,077
159,4250 ,161 ,077
160,2350 ,149 ,077
160,7500 ,138 ,077
160,9750 ,126 ,077
161,2550 ,115 ,077
161,6750 ,103 ,077
162,4400 ,092 ,077
165,4650 ,080 ,077
168,4450 ,069 ,077
169,6500 ,057 ,077
174,6250 ,046 ,077
181,8150 ,034 ,077
184,9850 ,023 ,077
186,4450 ,011 ,077
189,9500 ,011 ,000
193,2200 ,000 ,000
a. The smallest cutoff value is the minimum observed
test value minus 1, and the largest cutoff value is the
maximum observed test value plus 1. All the other cutoff
values are the averages of two consecutive ordered
observed test values.
 LDL1 * MCI1 Crosstabulation
MCI1
1,00 2,00 Total
LDL1 >=132,96 Count 9 61 70
% within LDL1 12,9% 87,1% 100,0%
<=132,96 Count 4 26 30
% within LDL1 13,3% 86,7% 100,0%
Total Count 13 87 100
% within LDL1 13,0% 87,0% 100,0%

a: 9
b: 61
c: 4
d: 26

a. AUC 0,598
b. SENSITIVITY = 69,23% SPECIFICITY = 0,30 LR+= 0,987 LR – 1,03
PPV (POSITIF PREDICT VALUE)=12,8%, NPV (NEGATIV PREDICT VALUE)=13%
c. Kesimpulan
AKURASI= 0,598 NOT EXCELLENT, artinya pada cut of point LDL 132,96. Hanya
dapat mendiagnosis MCI sebesar 30% (VALIDITAS: VALID_SEN 69,23%, SPEC 30%)
5. Dalam file excell tersedia data Therapy Bad Outcome. Hasil Randomized clinical trial/
control trial ACE inhibitor. Mci hidup dan meninggal
A. Hitunglah nilai-nilai Importancy
B. Copy pastekan hasil dari uji stattistik spss, dan importancy klinis dari stat calculator
C. Buat kesimpulan

kelompok perlakuan * mci1 Crosstabulation

Count
mci1
meninggal hidup Total
kelompok ace
6 44 50
perlakuan inhibitor
placebo 13 37 50
Total 19 81 100

Chi-Square Tests
Asymp. Sig. Exact Sig. (2- Exact Sig. (1-
Value df (2-sided) sided) sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 3,184a 1 ,074
Continuity Correctionb 2,339 1 ,126
Likelihood Ratio 3,246 1 ,072
Fisher's Exact Test ,125 ,062
Linear-by-Linear
3,152 1 ,076
Association
N of Valid Cases 100
a. 0 cells (0,0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 9,50.
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table
 A. Hitunglah nilai-nilai Importancy

Nilai importance secara klinis :

- EER 0,12
- CER 0,26
- RR: 0,46

artinya ACE inhibitor sebagai faktor proteksi terhadap kematian karena MCI. (jika >1
maka berisiko)

- ARR: 0,14 (14%)

- RRR: 0,54 (54%)

artinya ACE inhibitor dapat menvcegah kematian MCI sebesar 54% dibandingkan
placebo dalam pengobatan selama ... tahun

- NNT: 7,14 artinya: diperlukan pengobatan ACE inhibitor sebanyak 7-8 orang untuk
mencegah kematian 1 orang

Secara statistik: uji chi square nilai p 0,126

B. Buat kesimpulan
Penggunaan ACE inhibitor penting dan sangat bermakna (RRR >50%) secara klinis, tetapi
tidak bermakna secara statistik.
6. Dalam file excell tersedia Data Therapy Effectiveness
A. Hitunglah nilai—nilai Importancy
B. Copy pastekan hasil dari uji stattistik spss, dan importancy klinis dari stat calculator
C. Buat kesimpulan

KELOMPOK * MCI Crosstabulation

Count
MCI
tidak
sembuh sembuh Total
KELOMPOK ENALAPRIL+ASA 26 24 50
ISOSORBID
PROPIDOGREL+DIURETI 9 41 50
K
Total 35 65 100

Chi-Square Tests
Asymp. Sig. Exact Sig. (2- Exact Sig. (1-
Value df (2-sided) sided) sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 12,703a 1 ,000
Continuity Correction b 11,253 1 ,001
Likelihood Ratio 13,115 1 ,000
Fisher's Exact Test ,001 ,000
Linear-by-Linear
12,576 1 ,000
Association
N of Valid Cases 100
a. 0 cells (0,0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 17,50.
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table
 Risk Estimate
95% Confidence Interval
Value Lower Upper
Odds Ratio for
KELOMPOK
(ENALAPRIL+ASA / 4,935 1,986 12,262
ISOSORBID
PROPIDOGREL+DIURETIK)
For cohort MCI = sembuh 2,889 1,510 5,527
For cohort MCI = tidak
,585 ,427 ,803
sembuh
N of Valid Cases 100

A. Hitunglah nilai-nilai Importancy

- Secara statistik nilai chi square p= 0,001 (berhubungan/sangat penting)

- Secara klinis
o EER 0,52
o CER 0,18
o RR 2,89

artinya jika enalapril digunakan sebagai terapi peluang kesembuhan sebesar

2,89 kali dibandingkan penggunaan isosorbid propidogrel+diuretik
 o ABI 0,34 (34%) apabila enalapril+ASA digunakan maka sebagai terapi, maka
selisih insiden kesembuhan antara enlapril+ASA dan isosorbid
propidogre+diuretik sebesar 34%
o RBI 1,88 (189%) artinya pemberian enalapril dan ASA dapat meningkatkan
kesembuhan sebesar 189% dibandingkan isosorbid propidogrel+diuretik
(>50% sangat bermakna)
o NNT 2,94 (orang) jika membutuhkan terapi sebanyak 2-3 orang untuk
mendapatkan satu kesembuhan.

B. Buat kesimpulan

Terapi enalapril+ASA dalam kesembuhan MCI adalah sangat penting secara klinis maupun
secara statistik.