Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
2. When we see at a lower level from the horizontal line, then what is the angle
formed called as?
Ans. When we see at a lower level from the horizontal line, then the angle so formed is
called as angle of depression.
sinθ cosθ
3. Write the value of : cosθ + sin θ × 5sin .cos
sin cos
Ans. × 5sin .cos
cos sin
(sin2 cos 2
= × 5sin .cos
cos sin
= 1×5 [ sin2 + cos2= 1]
= 5
sinθ cosθ
+ × 5sin .cos = 5
cos θ sin θ
11
4. If sin = , find the value of cos using trigonometric identity.
61
Ans. sin2 + cos2 = 1
cos2 = 1 – sin2
2
11
cos = 1 –
2
61
121
cos2 = 1 –
3721
3721 – 121
cos2 =
3721
3600
cos2 =
3721
60
cos = [Taken square roots]
61
.. 2 ..
1
5. What is the value of : cot2 – ?
sin2θ
1
Ans. cot2 –
sin2
= cot2 – cosec2
= –1 [ 1 + cot2 = cosec2]
1
cot2 – = –1
sin2θ
7. When we see at a higher level, from the horizontal line, then what is the angle
formed called as?
Ans. When we see at a higher level, from the horizontal line, then the angle so formed is
called as angle of elevation.
sinθ cosθ
8. Write the value of : cosθ + sin θ × 3sin .cos
sin cos
Ans. × 3sin .cos
cos sin
(sin2 cos 2
= × 3sin .cos
cos sin
= 1×3 [ sin2 + cos2= 1]
= 3
sinθ cosθ
+ × 3sin .cos = 3
cosθ sin θ
sinθ cosθ
11. Write the value of : cos θ + sin θ × 4sin .cos
sin cos
Ans. × 4sin .cos
cos sin
(sin2 cos 2
= × 4sin .cos
cos sin
= 1×4 [ sin2 + cos2= 1]
= 4
sinθ cosθ
+ × 4sin .cos = 4
cos θ sin θ
13
12. If sec = , find the value of tan using trigonometric identity.
12
2
13
Ans. 1 + tan =
2
12
169
1 + tan2 =
144
169
tan2 = –1
144
169 – 144
tan2 =
144
25
tan2 =
144
5
tan = [Taking square roots]
12
sin cos
Ans. × 6sin .cos
cos sin
(sin2 cos 2
= × 6sin .cos
cos sin
= 1×6 [ sin2 + cos2= 1]
= 6
sinθ cosθ
+ × 6sin .cos = 6
cos θ sin θ
.. 4 ..
40
15. If cot = , find the value of cosec using trigonometric identity.
9
Ans. 1 + cot2 = cosec2
2
40
1+ = cosec2
9
1600
1+ = cosec2
81
81 1600
= cosec2
81
1681
cosec2 =
81
41
cosec = [Taking square roots]
9
sinθ cosθ
16. Write the value of : cosθ + sin θ × 8sin .cos
sin cos
Ans. × 8sin .cos
cos sin
(sin2 cos 2
= × 8sin .cos
cos sin
= 1×8 [ sin2 + cos2= 1]
= 8
sinθ cosθ
+ × 8sin .cos = 8
cosθ sin θ
7
17. If sin =, find the value of cos using trigonometric identity.
25
Ans. sin2 + cos2 = 1
cos2 = 1 – sin2
2
7
cos2 = 1 –
25
49
cos2 = 1 –
625
625 – 49
cos2 =
625
576
cos2 =
625
24
cos = [Taking square roots]
25
.. 5 ..
sinθ cosθ
18. Write the value of : cos θ + sin θ × 7sin .cos
sin cos
Ans. × 7sin .cos
cos sin
(sin2 cos 2
= × 7sin .cos
cos sin
= 1×7 [ sin2 + cos2= 1]
= 7
sinθ cosθ
+ × 7sin .cos = 7
cos θ sin θ
2 MARK QUESTIONS
1
=
13 /5
5
cos =
13
sin2 cos2
=
cos2 sin2
1
= [ sin2 + cos2 = 1]
cos sin2
2
1 1
= 2 ×
cos sin2
= sec2 × cosec2
= R.H.S.
sec + cosec2 = sec2× cosec2
2
7
3. If cot = , then find the values of tan and sin
24
7
Ans. cot = [Given]
24
1
tan cot
1
7 / 24
24
tan
7
1 + cot2 = cosec2
2
7
1+ = cosec2
24
49
1+ = cosec2
576
576 49
= cosec2
576
.. 7 ..
625
= cosec2
576
25
cosec = [Taking square roots]
24
1
sin cosec
1
25 / 24
24
sin
25
3
cot =
4
1 + cot2 = cosec2
2
3
1+ = cosec2
4
9
1+ = cosec2
16
16 9
= cosec2
16
25
= cosec2
16
5
cosec = [Taking square roots]
4
.. 8 ..
1
sin cosec
1
5
4
4
sin
5
1 1
6. If tan + tanθ = 2, then prove that tan2+ tan2 θ = 2
1
Ans. tan + tan = 2
2
1
tan = 22 [squaring both sides]
tan
1
tan2 + 2 + = 4–2
tan2
1
tan2 + tan2 θ = 2
7
7. If cos = , then find the values of cosec and tan
25
7
Ans. cos = [Given]
25
sin2 + cos2 = 1
2
7
sin2 + = 1
25
49
sin2 + = 1
625
49
sin2 = 1–
625
625 – 49
sin2 =
625
576
sin2 =
625
24
sin = [Taking square roots]
25
.. 9 ..
1
cosec =
sin
1
= 24
25
25
cosec =
24
sin
tan =
cos
24 7
=
25 25
24 25
= ×
25 7
24
tan =
7
cos2 sin2
=
sin cos
1
= sin2cos2=1
sin cos2
1 1
= 2 ×
sin cos2
= cosec2. sec2
= R.H.S.
cot + tan = cosec .sec
.. 10 ..
3 MARK QUESTIONS
3 1 – sec θ
1. If cos = , then find the value of .
2 1+ cosec θ
3
Ans. cos =
2
2
sec =
3
sin2 + cos2 = 1
sin2 = 1 – cos2
2
3
sin2 = 1 –
2
3
sin2 = 1 –
4
4–3
sin2 =
4
1
sin2 =
4
1
sin = [Taking square roots]
2
cosec = 2
1 – sec 2
= 1 – (1 + 2)
1 cose 3
3 – 2
= 3
3
3 –2 1
= ×
3 3
3 –2
=
3 3
=
3 –2 3
3 3 3
3–2 3
=
33
3–2 3
=
9
1 – sec θ 3–2 3
=
1+ cosec θ 9
.. 11 ..
2. A boy standing at a distance of 48 metres from a building observes the top of
the building and makes an angle of elevation of 30º.Find the height of the
building.
Ans. AB represents the height of the building.
C represents the position of the boy at a distance of 48 m from the building.
ACB is the angle of elevation
A
ACB = 30o
In ABC, ABC = 90°
AB
tan C = (Definition)
BC
AB
tan 30º =
48
30º
1 AB
= C B
3 48
48
AB =
3
48 3
= ×
3 3
48 3
=
3
= 16 3
AB = 16 × 1.73 = 27.68 m
Height of the building is 27.68 m
3. From the top of the light house, an observer looks at a ship and finds the angle
of depression to be 30°.If the height of the light-house is 100 metres, then find
how far the ship is from the light-house. D
A
Ans. AB represents the height of the lighthouse. 30º
AB = 100 m
C represents the position of ship. 100 m
DAC is the angle of depression
30º
DAC = ACB = 30o (Alternate angles theorem) B C
In ABC, ABC = 90°
AB
tan C = (By Definition)
BC
100
tan 30º =
BC
1 100
=
3 BC
BC = 100 × 3
BC = 100 × 1.73 = 173 m
Distance of the ship from the lighthouse is 173 m
.. 12 ..
1 – sinθ
4. Prove :- = sec – tan
1+ sinθ
1 – sin
Ans. Prove :
1 sin
(1 – sin 2
=
(12 – sin2
(1 – sin 2
=
1 – sin2
(1 – sin 2
= sin2cos2=1
cos2
1 – sin
=
cos
1 sin
= –
cos cos
= sec – tan
= RHS
1 – sinθ
= sec – tan
1+ sinθ
1 1 – 2 tanθ
6. If cos = , then find the value of 1+ 2 cotθ
2
Ans. sin2 + cos2 = 1
2
1
sin +
2
=1
2
1
sin2 + = 1
2
1
sin2 = 1 –
2
2 –1
sin2 =
2
1
sin2 =
2
1
sin = [Taking square roots]
2
sin
tan =
cos
1 1
=
2 2
1
= × 2
2
tan = 1
1
cot = 1 [ cot = tan ]
1 – 2 tan 1 – 2(1) 1- 2 –1
1 2 cot = 1 2(1) = =
1 2 3
1 – 2 tanθ –1
1+ 2 cotθ = 3
AB
tan 45º =
80
AB
1 =
80
AB = 80 m
cosθ
8. Prove :- sec + tan =
1– sinθ
Ans. LHS = sec + tan
1 sin
cos cos
1 sin
cos
1 sin 1 – sin
×
cos 1 – sin
1 – sin2
= cos (1 – sin
cos 2
= cos (1 – sin sin2cos2=1
cos
=
1 – sin
= RHS
cosθ
sec + tan =
1– sinθ
2 1 – cosec θ
9. If sec = , then find the value of 1+ cosec θ .
3
2
Ans. sec =
3
3 1
cos = [ cos = ]
2 sec
Now, sin2 + cos2 = 1
2
3
sin2+ = 1
2
3
sin2+ = 1
4
.. 15 ..
3
sin2 = 1 –
4
4–3
=
4
1
sin2 =
4
1
sin = [Taking square roots]
2
1
cosec = 2 [ cosec = ]
sin
1 – cosec 1– 2 –1
1 cosec = =
1 2 3
1 – cosec θ –1
1+ cosec θ = 3
10. A kite is flying at a height of 60 m above the ground. The string attached to the
kite is tied at the ground. It makes an angle of 60° with the ground. Assuming
that the string is straight, find the length of the string. ( 3 =1.73)
Ans. A is the position of the kite in the sky 60 m above the ground level.
AB = 60 m
A
ACB = 60º (Angle between string and ground)
AC is the Length of string
In ABC, ABC = 90°
AB
sin C = (Definition)
AC 60 m
60
sin 60º =
AC
3 60
=
2 AC 60º
C B
60 2
AC =
3
120
AC =
3
120 3
AC = ×
3 3
120 3
AC =
3
AC = 40 3 m
AC = 40 × 1.73
AC = 69.2 m
Length of the string is 69.2 m.
.. 16 ..
11. From the top of a lighthouse, an observer looking at a ship makes angle of
depression of 60°. If the height of the lighthouse is 90 metre, then find how far
the ship is from the lighthouse. ( 3 =1.73)
Ans. AB represents the lighthouse of height 90 m D
A
A is the position of the observer. 60º
DAC is the angle of depression
DAC = 60º 90 m
DAC ACB [Alternate angles theorem] 60º
ACB = 60º B C
In ABC, ABC = 90º
AB
tan C = [Definition]
BC
90
tan 60º =
BC
90
3 =
BC
90
BC =
3
90 3
BC = ×
3 3
90 3
BC =
3
BC = 30 3 m
BC = 30 × 1.73
BC = 51.9 m
Distance of the ship from the lighthouse is 51.9 m.
tanθ secθ – 1
12. Prove :- =
secθ +1 tanθ
tan
Ans. LHS =
sec 1
tan sec – 1
= ×
sec 1 sec – 1
tan (sec – 1)
= (sec 1)(sec – 1)
tan (sec – 1)
= (sec2 – 1)
tan (sec – 1)
= 1 + tan2sec2
tan2
(sec – 1)
= tan
= RHS
tanθ secθ – 1
=
secθ +1 tanθ
.. 17 ..
1 cos sin
LHS = – cos
cos sin cos
sin2 1
= . sin2cos2=1
cos cos sin
sin 1
= .
cos cos
= tan . sec
= RHS
(sec – cos (cot + tan ) = tan .sec
4MARK QUESTIONS
1. Two buildings are facing each other on a road of width 12 metre. From the top
of the first building, which is 10 metre high, the angle of elevation of the top of
the second is found to be 60º. What is the height of the second building?
Ans. AB and CD are the heights of the two buildings on either side of a road BD.
AB = 10m, BD = 12 m
CAE is the angle of elevation C
CAE = 60º
I ABDE,
n
B = D = AED = 90º
BAE = 90º [Remaining angle]
ABDE is a rectangle [Definition] 60º E
A
AB = DE = 10 m and AE = BD = 12 m
In AEC, AEC = 90º
10 m
CE
tan CAE = [Definition]
AE
CE B D
tan 65º = 12 m
12
CE
3 =
12
CE = 12 3 = 12 × 1.73
CE = 20.76 m
CD = CE + DE [C – E – D]
CD = 20.76 + 10 = 30.76 m
Height of the second building is 30.76 m.
.. 18 ..
sinθ – cosθ +1 1
3. Prove :- =
sinθ + cosθ – 1 secθ – tanθ
1 1 sin
Ans. = 1 –
sec – tan cos cos
1 – sin
= 1
cos
cos
= 1×
1 – sin
1 cos
= ...(1)
sec – tan 1 – sin
sin2 + cos2 = 1
cos2 = 1 – sin2
cos × cos = (1 – sin ) (1 + sin )
cos 1 sin
1 – sin = cos
.. 19 ..
4. A storm broke a tree and the treetop rested 20 m from the base of the tree,
making an angle of 60º with the horizontal. Find the height of the tree.
Ans. AB represents the height of the tree.
Tree breaks at D. A
DC represents the broken part of the tree.
AD = DC 40 m
DCB = 60º, BC = 20 m
In DBC, DBC = 90°
DB
tan 60º = (Definition) D
BC
DB
3 = 20
60º
DB = 20 3 B C
20 m
DB = 20 × 1.73 = 34.6 m
BC
cos 60º =
DC
1 20
=
2 DC
DC = 40 m
AD = DC = 40 m
AB = AD + DB [A – D – B]
AB = 40 + 34.6
AB = 74.6 m
The height of the tree is 74.6 m
C = D = BED = 90º
CBE = 90º [Remaining angle] 70º
BCDE is a rectangle [Definition] B E
BC = ED = 2 m
2m
In BEA, BEA = 90º
AE C D
sin 70º = [Definition]
AB
AE
0.94 =
20
AE = 0.94 × 20
AE = 18.8 m
AD = AE + ED [A – E – D]
= 18.8 + 2
AD = 20.8 m
The maximum height from the ground upto which
the ladder can reach is 20.8 m
tanA cotA
6. Prove :- + = sin A.cos A
(1+ tan A)2 2 (1+ cot2A)2
tan A cot A
Ans. LHS = +
(1 tan A ) 2 2 (1 cot2A )2
tan A cot A
= 2 2 + 1 + tan2 Asec2A and 1 + cot2 Acosec2A
(sec A ) (cos ec2A )2
tan A cot A
= 4 +
sec A cosec 4A
1 1
= tan A × 4 + cot A ×
sec A cosec 4A
= tan A.cos4A + cot A.sin4A
sin A cos A
= × cos4A + sin4A
cos A sin A
= sin A.cos3A + cos A.sin3A
= sin A.cos A + (cos 2A + sin2A)
= sin A.cos A × 1 ( sin2A + cos2A = 1)
= sin A.cos A
= RHS
tanA cotA
+ = sin A.cos A
2
(1+ tan A) 2 (1+ cot2A)2
.. 21 ..
7. Two buildings are in front of each other on a road of width 15 metres. From the
top of the first building, having a height of 12 metre, the angle of elevation of
the top of the second building is 30º. What is the height of the second building?
Ans. AB and CD represents the height of the two buildings at a distance of 15 m.
BC = 15 m, AB = 12 m
DAE is the angle of elevation. D
DAE = 30º
In ABCE,
B = C = CEA = 90º
BAE = 90º [Remaining angle]
30º E
ABCE is a rectangle [Definition] A
CE = AB = 12 m and
AE = BC = 15 m
In DEA, DEA = 90º 12 m
DE
tan 30º = [Definition]
AE B C
15 m
1 DE
=
3 15
15
DE =
3
15 3
DE =
3 3
15 3
DE =
3
DE = 5 3
DE = 5(1.73)
DE = 8.65 m
DC = DE + EC [D–E–C]
= 8.65 + 12
DC = 20.65 m
Height of the second building is 20.65 m
8. Two poles of heights 18 metre and 7 metre are erected on a ground. The length
of the wire fastened at their tops is 22 metre. Find the angle made by the wire
with the horizontal?
Ans. AB and CD are the two poles of height 18 m and 7 m respectively.
AC is a write of length 22 m joining top A and top C of the two towers.
ACE is the angle made by the wire with the horizontal.
In EBDC,
B = D = CEB = 90º A
ECD = 90º [Remaining angle] 22
m
EBDC is a rectangle [Definition]
CE = BD and BE = CD 18 m
E C
BE = 7 m
AB = AE + BE [A – E – B] 7m
18 = AE + 7 B D
.. 22 ..
AE = 11 m
In AEC, AEC = 90º
AE
sinACE = [Definition]
AC
11
sinACE =
22
1
sinACE =
2
1
But, sin 30º =
2
sinACE = sin 30º
ACE = 30º
Angle made by the wire with the horizontal is 30º