Chemistry

Titration Lab Report

Student No. : 10759325

Name : Kuak Wei Wen
Class :CIA08
Date : 28th February 2019

KUAK WEI WEN | 10759325

Chemistry

Introduction
Titration is one of the scientific laboratory techniques use in one of
the methods to neutralize acid and bases. By using this method you
can also identify the volume needed to neutralize the sodium
hydroxide. The concentration of the analyst can be determined
accurately. Titration is completed when it reaches the end point. The
indicator solution like Phenolphthalein, it changes colour from pink
to colourless and vice versa.

Materials
Apparatus: Burette, Pipette, Retort Stand, Conical Flask, White Tile,
Stirring rod
Materials: Sodium Hydroxide, Standard Solution, Phenolphthalein

Methods
Preparation of Standard Solution of Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate
(KH8H4O4)
1. Calculate the amount of KH8H4O4 that is required to prepare the
standard solution for the titration using the formula.
2. A clean, dry weighing bottle and electronic weighing balance is
used to weigh out the exact amount of KH8H4O4
3. Transfer the KH8H4O4 powder to a small, dry and clean beaker,
ensure all powder which has been weighed is transferred.
4. Dissolve the KH8H4O4 powder in 50 cm3 of distilled water, stirring
rod is used to stir to ensure that the powder is fully dissolve in
distilled water.
5. Transfer the solution to a clean volumetric flask, ensure none is
lost or spilled, rinse the beaker and add the rinsing to the
volumetric flask then add distilled water until the mark on the
volumetric flask.
6. Stopper the flask, shake it to ensure a homogeneous solution and
label it.

KUAK WEI WEN | 10759325

Chemistry

Procedure for titration:

1. Prepare all the apparatus and the materials according to the list
above.
2. Measure 25cm3 Sodium Hydroxide solution using pipette.
3. Transfer the solution to the conical flask.
4. Drop 2-3 drops of Phenolphthalein indicator to the conical flask.
5. Fill the burette with Standard solution until it reaches 0.0cm3
6. Add the standard solution from the burette to the conical flask
drop by drop.
7. Record the volume of the standard solution used to turn the
Sodium Hydroxide with Phenolphthalein from pink to colourless.
8. Repeat the experiment from Step 2 to 7

Figure 1 & 2 : Swirling the solution while adding the standard solution to the
sodium hydroxide

KUAK WEI WEN | 10759325

Chemistry

Calculation

Preparation of standard solution to make up 250 cm3 of

1.0 mol. dm-3
Mass = Concentration x Volume x Molar Mass
= 0.1 x 0.25 x 204
= 5.1 g

Concentration of Sodium Hydroxide

Concentration = Molar Mass ÷ Volume

= 0.025 ÷ 0.025
= 1.0 mol/dm3

Results
Table 1: Result for titration
Titre- 1 2 3 4
Volume of
solution
added from
burette
Start 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
volume in
cm3
Final 21.90 25.40 25.50 25.30
volume in
cm3
Volume 21.90 25.40 25.50 25.30
delivered in
cm3

KUAK WEI WEN | 10759325

 Chemistry

Balanced Equation for the titration reaction:

KH8H4O4 (s) + NaOH(aq)  KNaC8H4O4 (aq) + H2O(l)

Caution
 Wear Lab Coat, goggles, gloves
 Sodium Hydroxide is corrosive, will irritate your skin and eyes
 Tie up your hair
 No messy arrangement during experiment
 Cuts if there is any broken glass

Evaluation
One of the errors obtained during the experiment is misreading the
volume. The accuracy of titration requires precise measurement but
sometimes the markings on burette is sometimes easily misread due
to the angle of reading the markings on the burette. Our eye level
when reading the marking on the burette must be the same as the
level of the solution. The figure below
shows the correct way of reading the
markings. Besides that, taking the readings
above the meniscus of the solution from the
burette will in the error for titration. On the
other hand, there is also an equipment
error as there is leakage on the burette
although it is just a small amount of solution
is lost but it still affects the result of
titration. Last but not least, the colour of
the indicator does not change instantly as it
reaches the end point therefore more standard solution is added to
the sodium hydroxide.
Figure 3: Reading the markings on eye
level

KUAK WEI WEN | 10759325

Chemistry

KUAK WEI WEN | 10759325