NAT

Bachelor of Technology
Computer Science and Engineering

Submitted By

SOMENATH DEY(13000116047)

OCTOBER 2019

Techno India
EM-4/1, Sector-V, Salt Lake
Kolkata- 700091
West Bengal
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.Abstract
2.Inroduction
3.Body
i>Generic NAT
ii>Working of NAT
iii>Usefulness of NAT
4.Conclusion.
5.References.
 ABSTRACT

Network address translation (NAT) is an important

technique used in networking.Here we are going to discuss
about the working functionality of it and doing to discuss
about the importance of it.
NAT is short for Network Address Translation. NAT is
an Internet standard that enables a local-area network (LAN)
to use one set of IP addresses for internal traffic and a
second set of addresses for external traffic. A NAT box
located where the LAN meets the Internet makes all
necessary IP address translations.
 INTRODUCTION
Network address translation (NAT) is a method of remapping one IP
address space into another by modifying network address
information in the IP header of packets while they are in transit
across a traffic routing device. The technique was originally used as a
shortcut to avoid the need to readdress every host when a network
was moved. It has become a popular and essential tool in conserving
global address space in the face of IPv4 address exhaustion. One
Internet-routable IP address of a NAT gateway can be used for an
entire private network.

Network Address Translation (NAT) is the process where a network

device, usually a firewall, assigns a public address to a computer (or
group of computers) inside a private network. The main use of NAT is
to limit the number of public IP addresses an organization or
company must use, for both economy and security purposes.

NAT is a very important aspect of firewall security. It conserves the

number of public addresses used within an organization, and it
allows for stricter control of access to resources on both sides of the
firewall.
 GENERIC NAT
Network Address Translation (NAT) is designed for IP address conservation. It
enables private IP networks that use unregistered IP addresses to connect to
the Internet. NAT operates on a router, usually connecting two networks
together, and translates the private (not globally unique) addresses in the
internal network into legal addresses, before packets are forwarded to another
network.

As part of this capability, NAT can be configured to advertise only one address
for the entire network to the outside world. This provides additional security by
effectively hiding the entire internal network behind that address. NAT offers
the dual functions of security and address conservation and is typically
implemented in remote-access environments.

WORKING OF NAT
Basically, NAT allows a single device, such as a router, to act as an
agent between the Internet (or public network) and a local network
(or private network), which means that only a single unique IP
address is required to represent an entire group of computers to
anything outside their network.
 USEFULLNESS OF NAT

A NAT (Network Address Translation or Network Address Translator) is the

virtualization of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. NAT helps improve security
and decrease the number of IP addresses an organization needs.

NAT gateways sit between two networks, the inside network and the outside
network. Systems on the inside network are typically assigned IP addresses that
cannot be routed to external networks (e.g., networks in the 10.0.0.0/8 block). A
few externally valid IP addresses are assigned to the gateway. The gateway
makes outbound traffic from an inside system appear to be coming from one of
the valid external addresses. It takes incoming traffic aimed at a valid external
address and sends it to the correct internal system. This helps ensure security,
since each outgoing or incoming request must go through a translation process
that also offers the opportunity to qualify or authenticate incoming streams and
match them to outgoing requests, for example.

NAT conserves the number of globally valid IP addresses a company needs, and
in combination with Classless Inter-Domain Routine(CIDT) has done a lot to
extend the useful life of IPv4 as a result.

The NAT mechanism ("natting") is router feature, and is often part of a

corporate firewall NAT gateways can map IP addresses in several ways:

 From a local IP address to one global IP address statically;

 From a local IP address to any of a rotating pool of global IP addresses a
company may have;
 From a local IP address plus a particular TCP port to a global IP address
or one in a pool of ports;
 From a global IP address to any of a pool of local IP addresses on a
round-robin basis.
 CONCLUSION
Here in this topic we came to learn many things about NAT.We
came to know that Network address translation (NAT) is a
method of remapping one IP address space into another by
modifying network address information in the IP header of
packets while they are in transit across a traffic routing device.
NAT is a very important aspect of firewall security. It conserves
the number of public addresses used within an organization,
and it allows for stricter control of access to resources on
both sides of the firewall.We also came to know about the
working of NAT and the usefullness of NAT which is very
much helpful.
 REFERENCES

1. https://www.webopedia.com › TERM › NAT

2. https://whatismyipaddress.com › Learn › The Internet
3. https://www.cisco.com › network-address-translation-nat