REVIEWER FOR P.E.
Badminton first appeared in the Olympic
HISTORY OF BADMINTON
The game of badminton was derived from the
game of POONA which was played in India centuries
ago. Some English Army officers stationed in India
introduced the game to their homeland about the
middle of the 19th century.
The Badminton Association was formed in
England in 1895 to standardize the rules and serve as
a governing body. Although some records show that
the game in this country was first played in New York
City in the latter part of the 19th century, it did not
really become popular until after World War I. It is
now an Olympic sport.
Badminton, court or lawn game played with
lightweight rackets and a shuttlecock. Historically, the
shuttlecock (also known as a “bird” or “birdie”) was a
small cork hemisphere with 16 goose feathers
attached and weighing about 0.17 ounce (5 grams).
These types of shuttles may still be used in modern
play, but shuttles made from synthetic materials are
also allowed by the Badminton World Federation. The
game is named for Badminton, the country estate of
the dukes of Beaufort in Gloucestershire, England,
where it was first played about 1873. The roots of the
sport can be traced to ancient Greece, China,
and India, and it is closely related to the old children’s
game battledore and shuttlecock. Badminton is
derived directly from poona, which was played by
British army officers stationed in India in the 1860s.
The first unofficial all-England badminton
championships for men were held in 1899, and the
first badminton tournament for women was arranged
the next year.
The Badminton World Federation (BWF;
originally the International Badminton Federation),
the world governing body of the sport, was formed in
1934. Badminton is also popular
in Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan, and Denmark. The
BWF’s first world championships were held in 1977. A
number of regional, national, and zonal badminton
tournaments are held in several countries. The best-
known of these is the All-England Championships.
Other well-known international tournaments include
the Thomas Cup (donated 1939) for men’s team
competition and the Uber Cup (donated 1956) for
women’s team competition.
Games as a demonstration sport in 1972 and as an
exhibition sport in 1988. At the 1992 Games it became
a full-medal Olympic sport, with competition for men’s
and women’s singles (one against one) and doubles
(two against two). Mixed doubles was introduced at
the 1996 Games.
Competitive badminton is usually played
indoors because even light winds affect the course of
the shuttlecock. (Recreational badminton, on the
other hand, is a popular outdoor summertime
activity.) The rectangular court is 44 feet (13.4
meters) long and 17 feet (5.2 meters) wide for singles,
20 feet (6.1 meters) wide for doubles. A net 5 feet (1.5
meters) high stretches across the width of the court at
its center. A clear space of 4 feet (1.3 meters) around
the court is needed. Play consists entirely of
volleying—hitting the shuttlecock back and forth
across the net without letting it touch the floor or
ground within the boundaries of the court.
In international play, athletes compete in
best-of-three-games matches. A game is played to 21
points, provided that the winner has at least a 2-point
advantage. If a 2-point advantage is never reached, the
first player or team to score 30 points wins. Points
were only awarded to the serving side until 2006,
when the BWF adopted the “rally scoring” system,
under which either side can score at any time.
FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENTS
Racket
The badminton racket is one of the most
important tools a player has in the game. Badminton
rackets are much lighter than most other sports
rackets because they are made from materials such as
carbon fiber or lighter metals such as aluminum. Parts
of the racket include the head, throat, shaft and handle
with a maximum length of 27.77 inches and a width of
9 inches. It Strings that are stretched across the
opening of the racket in a checkerboard pattern, which
acts as the hitting surface. Badminton rackets can vary
widely in cost depending on whether they are
purchased as part of a basic backyard set or as more
expensive professional models.
Parts of a Racket
• Frame - It consists of the head, the stringed
area, the throat, the shaft and the handle. The
length of the frame should be no longer than
680 millimeters or wider than 230
 millimeters. The weight of a fully strung frame
should be within 80 and 100 grams.
• Head - The ring of material that holds the
strings in place. It can be oval or more
rounded, and has holes in its perimeter though
which the strings are laced.
• Stringed Area - Made up of nylon or carbon
fiber string that is interwoven to form the face
of the racket. Its dimensions must not exceed
280 millimeters in length or 220 millimeters in
width.
• Throat - Connects the head to the shaft. It may
be a separate triangular piece at the base of the
head, or may actually be integrated into the
head itself. Net
• Shaft - The long rod between the throat and A mesh net divides the badminton court into
handle. Often made of a composite material two sides. A badminton net is placed at five feet and
such as graphite. one inch high on the sides and five feet high in the
• Handle - Connects to the shaft and is used to center. The length may vary depending on whether
hold the racket. The handle is covered with a doubles or singles are playing, with singles reaching
material called the grip. There are two types of 17 feet and doubles reaching 22 feet. The net is 30
grips: towel grips are good for absorbing inches wide with a 3-inch white tape doubled over the
moisture; synthetic grips are less absorbent top.
but more durable.
Facilities
Shuttlecock The badminton court should be 44 feet long by
Also referred to as a shuttle or birdie, acts 22 feet wide if playing doubles, and 44 feet long by 17
similarly to a ball in other racket sports. However, the feet wide for singles. If the facility is indoors, there
design of the birdie creates more drag as it is propelled needs to be enough height for the shuttlecock to be
through the air due to its feathered shape. The able to float across the net without hitting the ceiling.
shuttlecock is made up of a cone shape with a hard This height will vary depending on the strength of the
cork at its tip. The shuttle has 16 feathers attached to players.
the base and the length of the feathers range between
2.44 and 2.75 inches.
The Plastic are more durable compared to the
feathered types which are commonly used. But
plastics are recommended for beginners who are just
starting out. The only reason for this is that the
feathered shuttlecocks are expensive and fray easily
especially if you are hitting it the wrong way. Plastics
are used for trainings because even if you are hitting it
wrong it can withstand it.

Standard Length & Width of a Shuttle Court

• Shuttle Court Surface - Badminton may
be played on turf or on hardwood surfaces
specifically constructed for sports, such as
a basketball court. Concrete surfaces and
carpeted floors are associated with a
higher incidence of injury in badminton.
• Shuttle Court Layout - The shuttle court
is a rectangular playing area. It is marked
out by 1 and 1/2-inch wide lines of chalk
 or some other marking colored white or
yellow.
• Shuttle Court Length - The shuttle court
is 44 feet long. It is bisected by a net 2 feet,
6 inches wide, the top of which is
suspended 5 feet from the surface of the
court at the centerline.
• Shuttle Court Width - The shuttle court
playing area is 20 feet wide for doubles
play. For singles play, the sidelines are 17
feet wide.
• Service Area - The service court is 15 feet,
6 inches in length, beginning at the singles
service line and extending forward to
another line 6 feet, 6 inches from the net.
Badminton Shoes
The badminton shoes mainly is specialized to
give you better traction and grip to stop in time and to
return a shot. The shoes should be lightweight because
you don’t like to stress your feet and legs when playing
with a heavy shoes. It should also have a good
cushioning to absorb impact when you jump or land.
Badminton Apparels
Some beginners or the non-competitive type
of players, wear comfortable pair of shorts and cotton
or dri-fit t-shirts. Then there are players that needs
and equip themselves with hand grips, wristbands and
ankle guards some will need it because of a muscle
strain or a previous injury but some players use it for
design and decoration.
TERMINOLOGIES
Ace – A good serve that the receiver is unable to touch
with the racket.
Alley - Extension of the court by l 1/2 feet on both
sides for doubles play.
Back Alley - Area between the back boundary line and
the long service line for doubles.
Backcourt - Back third of the court, in the area of the
back boundary lines.
Balk - Any deceptive movement that disconcerts an
opponent before or during the service; often called a
"feint."
Backhand – Any stroke made on the side of the body
opposite the racket side
Baseline - Back boundary line at each end of the court,
parallel to the net.
Carry - An illegal tactic, also called a sling or throw, in
which the shuttle is caught and held on the racquet
and then slung during the execution of a stroke.
Center or Base Position - Location in the center of
the court to which a singles player tries to return after
each shot.
Center Line - Line perpendicular to the net that
separates the left and right service courts.
Clear - A shot hit deep to the opponent’s back
boundary line. The high clear is a defensive shot, while
the flatter attacking clear is used offensively.
Court - Area of play, as defined by the outer boundary
lines.
Cross Court – Hitting the birdie diagonally over the
net.
Doubles - A game played between two teams of two
players.
Drive - A fast and low shot that makes a horizontal
flight over the net.
Drop - A shot hit softly and with finesse to fall rapidly
and close to the net on the opponent’s side.
Fault - A violation of the playing rules, either in
serving, receiving, or during play (see common faults
listed below).
Flick - A quick wrist and forearm rotation that
surprises an opponent by changing an apparently soft
shot into a faster passing one; used primarily on the
serve and at the net.
Forecourt - Front third of the court, between the net
and the short service line.
Forehand – Any stroke made on the racket side of the
body.
Hand-out – The loss of the serve.
Hairpin Net Shot - Shot made from below and very
close to the net with the shuttle rising, just clearing the
net, and then dropping sharply down the other side.
The shuttle’s flight approximates the shape of a
hairpin.
Half-court Shot - A shot hit low and to midcourt, used
effectively in doubles against the up-and-back
formation.
Kill - Fast, downward shot that cannot be returned; a
"put away."
Let - A legitimate cessation of play to allow a rally to
be replayed.
Long Service Line - In singles, the back boundary
line.1n doubles a line 2 l/2 feet inside the back
boundary line. The serve may not go past this line.
Match - A series of games (at U.S. Olympic Festival-’93
it is three out of five), to determine a winner.
Midcourt - The middle third of the court, halfway
between the net and the back boundary line.
Net Shot - Shot hit from the forecourt that just clears
the net and drops sharply.
Push Shot - Gentle shot played by pushing the shuttle
with little wrist motion, usually from net or midcourt
to the opponent’s midcourt.
Racquet - Instrument used by player to hit
shuttlecock Weight: About 3 ounces. Length: 27
inches. Made of: Ceramic, graphite, or boron frame;
beef-gut string. Cost: $60-$175 (unstrung).
Rally - Exchange of shots while the shuttle is in play.
Serve or Service - Stroke used to put shuttlecock into
play at the start of each rally.
Service Court - Area into which the serve must be
delivered. Different for singles and doubles play.
Setting the Game – Choosing how many points to play
to when the score is tied.
Short Service Line - The line 6 l/2 feet from the net
which a serve must reach to be legal.
Shuttlecock - Official name for the object that players
hit. Also known as "birdie." Weight: .17-.l9 ounces.
Made of: 16 goose feathers attached to a cork tip
covered with goat skin. Cost: $1.50-$2.00. Usually lasts
for no more than two games. The heavier the
shuttlecock, the faster it flies. Flies faster in higher
temperatures and at higher altitudes.
Smash - Hard-hit overhead shot that forces the shuttle
sharply downward. Badminton’s primary attacking
stroke.
Throw – A shot in which the birdie is carried or
thrown by the racket.
Wood Shot - Shot that results when the base of the
shuttle is hit by the frame of the racquet. Once illegal,
this shot was ruled acceptable by the International
Badminton Federation in 1963.
In-side – The side that is serving.
Out-side – The side that is receiving.
Handshake Grip – the type of grip used to hold the
racket.
Face – The part of the racket that the birdie should hit;
the strings.
RULES AND REGULATIONS
Who serves: A spin of the racket is used to determine
the first server. You may call name side “heads” and
the reverse side “tails”. The winner is given a choice of
either serving first or selecting which side of the court
they wish to play.
Changing sides: In both doubles and singles play,
players serve from and receive the serve from their
right hand courts on the first serve of the game. As
points are made, service switches from side to side.
This means whenever your score is even you should
be serving from the right side and if your score is odd
you should be serving from the left side.
Serving: In badminton only the side serving can score.
One point is given each time the serving team wins a
rally. In doubles play, a game consists of 15 points. The
first team to get the required points is the winner.
The service must be delivered underhand to the
diagonal service court. Only one service try per player
is allowed unless the shuttle is missed entirely. A let
serve is one which the birdie touches the top of the net
but lands in the proper service court; it is served over.
It is a fault unless it lands in the service court. A fault
on the part of the server results in the loss of the serve,
while a fault on the part of the receiver results in a
point for the server.
Doubles serving order: In doubles, if a player on
Team A serves first and loses the serve, the next server
is a player from Team B, who will serve until he/she
loses the serve. The next server is the other player on
Team B. It will then go back to the person who did not
serve on Team A and then the first server and continue
from there.
Scoring System
o A match consists of the best of 3 games of 21
points.
o Every time there is a serve – there is a point
scored.
o The side winning a rally adds a point to its
score.
o At 20 all, the side which gains a 2 point lead
first, wins that game.
o At 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point, wins
that game.
o The side winning a game serves first in the
next game.
Interval and Change of Ends
o When the leading score reaches 11 points,
players have a 60 second interval.
o A 2 minute interval between each game is
allowed.
o In the third game, players change ends when
the leading score reaches 11 points.
Faults: 6. Head back step
7. Head cross back step
A fault is an infraction of the rules. It is a fault when: 8. Head side step plus back step
• The service is illegal.
• The serve or player shots land outside the TYPES OF SHOTS
boundary line; on the line is good (in).
• If the server or the receiver steps out of Serves: The serve is the way the shuttle is put into
his/her proper court before delivery of the play. Typically, the serves in badminton are different
serve. Only the person served to may return for singles and doubles play. In singles, you want to
the birdie. serve with a high long shot that will land near the back
• The player reaches over the net to hit the of your opponent’s court. In doubles, you want to use
shuttle. a low and short serve that will land near the front of
• The player touches the net with any part of your opponent’s court.
his/her racket or body.
• A player hits the birdie twice or momentarily Clears: A clear is hitting the birdie high and deep into
holds or throws the shuttle with the racket. the opponent’s court. It can be used as a defensive hit
• A player fails to return the birdie to the to make sure your opponent cannot smash the shuttle
opponent’s court. at you or use it to keep your opponent on the move.
Playing Courtesies There is an underhand clear, which is hit using the
same motion as the serve. On the overhand clear, you
Like tennis, badminton emphasizes sportsmanship want the birdie behind your body.
and playing courtesies. Following are a few hints on
how to conduct oneself in badminton: Smash: A smash is an offensive hit which is very
• If in doubt about the shuttle’s landing, always similar to a spike in volleyball. You will find that the
call it in favor of your opponent. smash will be your main offensive shot in winning
• Spin the racket for choosing of serve & courts. points. When doing a smash, you want the shuttle in
• Never tease or put down opponents. front of the body.
• If there is any question about throwing the Drive: A drive is a quickly hit shot that travels without
shuttle, call it. much arch. Like a line-drive in baseball, the drive is a
strong shot that travels about shoulder height. The
FOOTWORK racket should contact the shuttle in a straight up and
down position so that the flight is straight.
Basic footwork:
1. Forward Forehand Drop shot: A drop shot can be hit as a forehand,
2. Forward Backhand backhand or overhand hit. The drop shot is hit so that
3. Forehand Side the shuttle gently drops over the net and lands in the
4. Backhand Side front of your opponent’s court.
5. Forehand Backcourt
6. Forehand Backcourt
British-India po yung sa Poona, (also spelled as
Different types of steps: "Poonai/Poonah")
1. Two-step shot
Konting info lang din about sa founding countries ng
2. Three-step shot
International Badminton Federation (1934) now known
3. Hop Step and Lunging
as "Badminton World Federation" ayyy
4. Front Crossover England
5. Back Crossover Scotland
6. Jumping Step Wales
Canada
Footwork: Denmark
1. Backstep Footwork France
2. Forehand back step Ireland
3. Chasse back step Netherlands
4. Cross back step New Zealand
5. Chasse and jumping back step
Origin of name:

1
Name:Battledore and Shuttlecock
Reason: Literal meaning bat and paddle
From: England and European countries- (uuperclass
pastime)

2
Name: Poona (aka Poonai/Poonah)
Reason: Popular in the town of Poona
From: British India (British Military Officers stationed
in India)

3
Name: Badminton
Reason: Stately home of Duke Beaufort known as
Badminton located in Gloucestershire
From: Retired officers who got back to England