vTable of keyboard shortcuts

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In computing, a keyboard shortcut is a sequence or combination of keystrokes on a computer

keyboard which invokes commands in software.

Some keyboard shortcuts require the user to press a single key or a sequence of keys one after
the other. Other keyboard shortcuts require pressing and holding several keys simultaneously.
Keyboard shortcuts may depend on the keyboard layout (localisation).

Contents
[hide]

 1 Comparison of keyboard shortcuts

o 1.1 General shortcuts
 1.1.1 Navigation
 1.1.2 Power management
 1.1.3 Screenshots
o 1.2 Text editing
 1.2.1 Text formatting
o 1.3 Browsers / Go menu
 1.3.1 Web browsers
 1.3.2 Tab management
o 1.4 Window management
o 1.5 User interface navigation (widgets and controls)
o 1.6 Command line shortcuts
o 1.7 Accessibility
 2 User interface shortcuts
 3 See also
 4 Notes
 5 External links

[edit] Comparison of keyboard shortcuts

Main article: Keyboard shortcut

Keyboard shortcuts are a common aspect of most modern operating systems and associated
software applications. Their use is pervasive enough that some users consider them an essential
element of their routine interactions with a computer. Whether used as a matter of personal
preference or for Adaptive technology, the pervasiveness of common conventions enables the
comparison of keyboard shortcuts across different systems. The following sections detail some
of these comparisons in widely used operating systems.

[edit] General shortcuts

Action Windows Mac OS KDE / GNOME Emacs

With full keyboard
Activate access active:[1][2]
current
Alt Meta + `
application's Ctrl + F2 (or
Menu bar Fn + Ctrl + F2 on some
keyboards)
File menu Alt + F Ctrl + F2 , then F Alt + F Meta + ` , then f
Edit menu Alt + E Ctrl + F2 , then E Alt + E Meta + ` , then e
View menu Alt + V Ctrl + F2 , then V Alt + V
Ctrl + x , then u
Undo the last or Ctrl + /
Ctrl + Z ⌘ Cmd + Z Ctrl + Z
operation or Ctrl + _
or Undo
Same as undo, when
undo is exhausted, it
redoes. Move the
Redo the last
Ctrl + Y ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + Z ⇧ Shift + Ctrl + Z cursor after one or
operation
more undos, and
further undos will be
redos.
Cut the selected
area and store Ctrl + X or ⇧
⌘ Cmd + X Ctrl + X Ctrl + w
it in the Shift + Del
clipboard
Copy the
selected area Ctrl + C , or Meta + w , or
⌘ Cmd + C Ctrl + C
into the Ctrl + Ins Ctrl + Ins
clipboard
Paste contents Ctrl + V , or Ctrl + y ,or ⇧
of clipboard at ⌘ Cmd + V Ctrl + V
⇧ Shift + Ins Shift + Ins , or
cursor
Paste special Ctrl + Alt + V Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + V Meta + y

Select
everything in
Ctrl + A ⌘ Cmd + A Ctrl + A Ctrl + x , then h
focused control
or window
 ⌘ Cmd + Space
Ctrl + Alt + K via
Toggle among Configure desired KDE Keyboard
installed keypress in Keyboard Layout Switcher
⇧ Shift + Alt and Mouse Ctrl + \
keyboard keybinding
languages Preferences, Keyboard component for
Shortcuts, Select the KDE
next source in Input
menu.[3]

[edit] Navigation

Action Windows Mac OS KDE / GNOME Emacs

⊞ Win , enter
⌘ Cmd + Space ,
Run new executable name or
enter application Alt + F2
application ⊞ Win + R , enter
name
executable name
Alt +( D then ↵ Enter )
Open new browser ⌘ Cmd + N (Non-
window with same default user option
page as current Ctrl + N(Explorer /
in Safari)
Internet Explorer)
At any time with
full keyboard
access active:[1]

Ctrl + F3 or
⊞ Win or
Applications menu Fn + Ctrl + F3 Alt + F1
Ctrl + Esc While in the
Finder: ⇧
Shift + ⌘
Cmd + A [2]
Move mouse
pointer to
configured hot
corner or active
Lock desktop ⊞ Win + L screen corner[4][5] Ctrl + Alt + L

Ctrl + ⇧
Shift + Eject [6]

Show desktop ⊞ Win + D or ⌘ Cmd + ⌥ Opt + H Ctrl + Alt + D

 ⊞ Win + M (then use
⊞ Win + ⇧ Shift + M to
bring back all
windows)
Switch active user ⊞ Win + L [7] Ctrl + Alt + L (KDE)

Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + Esc , ⌘ Cmd + ⌥

Task manager Ctrl + Esc (KDE)
Ctrl + Alt + Delete [8] Opt + Esc

Rename object F2 ↵ Enter F2

Open file or
↵ Enter ⌘ Cmd + O
program
⌘ Cmd + Tab ⇆ / Alt + Tab ⇆ /
Switch to Alt + Tab ⇆ /
Ctrl + x ,
next/previous
⇧ Shift + ⌘ ⇧ Shift + Alt + Tab ⇆ then b
focused window ⇧ Shift + Alt + Tab ⇆
Cmd + Tab ⇆ (GNOME)

⌘ Cmd + ` (current Alt + Esc (GNOME)

Switch focus to the app) or Ctrl + F4 /
Alt + Esc /
next/previous (all apps) Ctrl + x ,
window (without ⇧ then o
⇧ Shift + Alt + Esc (or Fn + Ctrl + F4
dialog) Shift + Alt + Esc /mini
on some
(GNOME)
keyboards)
Open the Run
⊞ Win + R Alt + F2 (GNOME) Meta + !
dialog box
⌘ Cmd + Space

⊞ Win ,enter (quick mode) or Meta + x ,

Open the Search then find-
executable name or
dialog box ⌘ Cmd + ⌥ grep, then
⊞ Win + F Ret
Opt + Space
(advanced mode)
Change input
orientation of Ctrl + L (left) Ctrl + R
"Search programs
(right) Ctrl + E (center)
and files" field in
Start Menu

[edit] Power management

Action Windows Mac OS KDE / GNOME

 Sleep (available on some Sleep (available on
Place computer into ⌥ Opt + ⌘
keyboards, configurable in some keyboards,
sleep/standby mode Cmd + Eject [2]
Power Options dialog) configurable)
Ctrl + ⌥ Opt + ⌘
Ctrl + Alt + ⇧
Cmd + Eject
Shutdown Shift + PageDown
computer (no confirmation,
(KDE; no confirmation,
shutdown is
shutdown is immediate)
immediate)
Ctrl + ⌘ Ctrl + Alt + ⇧
[2]
Cmd + Eject Shift + PageUp
Restart computer
(no confirmation, (KDE; no confirmation,
restart is immediate) restart is immediate)
Place display in
Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + Eject
sleep mode
Bring up
Alt + F4 (while on Desktop
power/sleep dialog Ctrl + Eject
only)
box

[edit] Screenshots

Action Windows Mac OS KDE / GNOME

Save screenshot of entire
⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + 3 Print Screen
screen as file
Copy screenshot of entire Print Screen or Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + ⌘
screen to clipboard Ctrl + Print Screen Cmd + 3

Save screenshot of window as ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + 4 Alt + Print Screen

file then Space (GNOME)

Copy screenshot of window Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + ⌘

Alt + Print Screen
to clipboard Cmd + 4 then Space
Copy screenshot of arbitrary Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + ⌘
area to clipboard Cmd + 4
Save screenshot of arbitrary
⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + 4
area as file

[edit] Text editing

Many of these commands may be combined with ⇧ Shift to select a region of text.[9]
 Action Windows Mac OS KDE / GNOME Emacs
Delete char to the Del or Fn + ←
Del Del Del , or Ctrl + d
right of cursor Backspace
⌥ Opt + Del or
Delete word to the
Ctrl + Del Ctrl + Del Meta + d
right of cursor ⌥ Opt + Fn + ←
Backspace
Delete word to the Ctrl + ← ⌥ Opt + ← Ctrl + ← Backspace , or
Ctrl + ← Backspace
left of cursor Backspace Backspace Meta + ← Backspace

⌘ Cmd + ← or
Go to start of line Home Home Ctrl + a , or Home
Ctrl + A

⌘ Cmd + → or
Go to end of line End End Ctrl + e , or End
Ctrl + E
Go to start of Ctrl + Meta + < , or
⌘ Cmd + ↑ Ctrl + Home
document Home Ctrl + Home
Go to end of
Ctrl + End ⌘ Cmd + ↓ Ctrl + End Meta + > , or Ctrl + End
document
Go to previous or Ctrl + ← ,
Meta + b ,
Ctrl + ← ⌥ Opt + ← Ctrl + ←
word or Meta + ←
or Ctrl + → ,
Meta + f ,
Go to next word Ctrl + → ⌥ Opt + → Ctrl + →
or Meta + →
Go to previous line ↑ ↑ ↑ Ctrl + p , or ↑
Go to next line ↓ ↓ ↓ Ctrl + n , or ↓
Go to previous line Ctrl + ↑
(kword or Meta + '{' , or
Ctrl + ↑ ⌥ Opt + ↑
break (paragraph) GNOME) Control + ↑
Go to next line Ctrl + ↓
(kword or Meta + '}' , or
Ctrl + ↓ ⌥ Opt + ↓
break GNOME) Control + ↓

⌘ Cmd + F
Ctrl + F

Go to search Ctrl + F ⌘ Cmd + E Ctrl + s

Ctrl + K (GNOME;
(Search with interactive search)
current selection)
Go to next search F3 ⌘ Cmd + G Ctrl + G (GNOME) Ctrl + s
result
Go to previous ⇧ Shift + ⌘ ⇧ Shift + Ctrl + G
⇧ Shift + F3 Ctrl + r
search result Cmd + G (GNOME)
Search and replace Ctrl + H ⌘ Cmd + F Ctrl + H (GNOME) Meta + %
 Search a regular
Ctrl + Meta + s
expression
Search and replace
a regular Ctrl + Meta + % ,
expression

[edit] Text formatting

KDE /
Action Windows Mac OS Emacs
GNOME
Make selected text
Ctrl + B ⌘ Cmd + B Ctrl + B
bold/regular
Toggle underlining
Ctrl + U ⌘ Cmd + U Ctrl + U
of selected text
Make selected text
Ctrl + I ⌘ Cmd + I Ctrl + I
italic/regular
Meta + u for upper,
Change to ⇧ Shift + F3
(Office ⌥ Opt + ⌘
Meta + l for lower,
upper/lower case products only?) Cmd + C Meta + c for
capitalized.
Make selected text Ctrl + ⌘ Cmd + +
Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + +
superscript (Pages only?)
Make selected text Ctrl + ⌘ Cmd + -
Ctrl + +
subscript (Pages only?)

[edit] Browsers / Go menu

KDE /
Action Windows Mac OS
GNOME
Alt + D or Alt + C
Go to Browser ⌘ Cmd + L
according language
Go to the previous location ⌘ Cmd + [ or ⌘
Alt + ← or ← Backspace Alt + ←
in history Cmd + ←

Go to the next location in Alt + → or ⇧ Shift + ← Backspace ⌘ Cmd + ] or ⌘

Alt + →
history (web browser only) Cmd + →
Go up one level in the Alt + ↑ (Vista and 7 only) or ←
⌘ Cmd + ↑ Alt + ↑
navigation hierarchy Backspace (Windows Explorer)

Go to the starting page Alt + Home ⌘ Cmd + Home Ctrl + Home

 defined by the user or (KDE) /
application
Alt + Home
(GNOME)

[edit] Web browsers

KDE / Emacs-
Action Windows Mac OS
GNOME w3m
Bookmarks menu Ctrl + B ⌘ Cmd + B (Firefox) Alt + B v

URL Shortcuts (Adds ⌘ Cmd + ↵ Enter

Control + ↵ Enter Control + ↵ Enter
www. + .com) (Firefox)
URL Shortcuts (Adds Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + ↵ ⇧ Shift + ⌘ Cmd + ↵ Enter Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + ↵
www. + .org) Enter (Firefox) Enter
URL Shortcuts (Adds ⇧ Shift+ ↵ Enter
⇧ Shift + ↵ Enter ⇧ Shift + ↵ Enter
www. + .net) (Firefox)
Ctrl + B /
Add bookmark for
Ctrl + D ⌘ Cmd + D a
current page
Ctrl + D
Add bookmark for
Meta + a
current link
⌘ Cmd + ⌥ Opt + B
Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + R
(Chrome/Safari) or
Manage bookmarks Ctrl + B /
⌘ Cmd + ⇧ Shift + B
Ctrl + B
(Firefox)
⌘ Cmd + E (Opera) or

Web search Ctrl + E ⌘ Cmd + K (Firefox) or

⌥ Opt + ⌘ Cmd + F
(Safari)
Focus and select address Ctrl + L or F6 or
⌘ Cmd + L Ctrl + L or F6 g
bar Alt + D

Refresh a webpage F5 or Ctrl + R ⌘ Cmd + R F5 or Ctrl + R R

Open a new window Ctrl + N ⌘ Cmd + N (Chrome) Ctrl + N

Zoom Options (zoom in Ctrl + + and Ctrl + + and

⌘ Cmd + + and ⌘
+, zoom out -, zoom Ctrl + - and Ctrl + - and
 100%) Ctrl + 0 Cmd + - and ⌘ Cmd + 0 Ctrl + 0

[edit] Tab management

Emacs-
Action Windows Mac OS KDE / GNOME
w3m
Ctrl + c ,
Create a new Ctrl + ⇧ Shift + N
or Ctrl + ⇧
Ctrl + T ⌘ Cmd + T then
tab Shift + T or Ctrl + T Ctrl + t

Ctrl + W or Ctrl + ⇧ Ctrl + c ,

Close current
Ctrl + W ⌘ Cmd + W Shift + W [verification needed]
or then
tab
Ctrl + F4 (GNOME?) Ctrl + w

Close all tabs Ctrl + c ,

but the then
current one Meta + w

Ctrl + PageDown or Ctrl + c ,

⌘ Cmd + } or ⌘ Cmd + ⇧
Go to next tab Ctrl + Tab ⇆ then
Shift + → (Safari) Ctrl + Tab ⇆ or Ctrl + .
Ctrl + n

Ctrl + ⇧ Ctrl + c ,
Go to previous ⌘ Cmd + { or ⌘ Cmd + ⇧ Ctrl + PageUp or Ctrl + ⇧
Shift + Tab then
tab Shift + ← (Safari) Shift + Tab ⇆ or Ctrl + ,
⇆ Ctrl + p

Open a
Ctrl + ⇧ ⌘ Cmd + ⇧ Shift + T
previously
closed tab Shift + T (Firefox/Opera/Chrome)

[edit] Window management

Action Windows Mac OS KDE GNOME Emacs

Pop up window Ctrl + ` ,
Alt + Space Alt + F3 Alt + Space
menu then b
Alt + F4
or
Ctrl + F4 or Ctrl
Close the focused Ctrl + x ,
+ W or ⌘ Cmd + W Alt + F4 Alt + F4
window then k
Alt + Space then
C [10]
Ctrl + x ,
Restore the focused Alt + Space then then r ,
window to its Alt + F5 then j ,
R [10]
previous size then letter
of the
 window
state
register.
Alt +Mouse / Alt +Mouse /
Alt + Space then
Move the focused [10]
M then Alt + F3 then
window Alt + F7 then
Arrow Keys M then Arrow Arrow Keys
Keys
Alt + Space then Alt + F3 then Ctrl + x ,
Resize the focused [10] Alt + F8 then
S then S then Arrow then ^
window Arrow Keys
Arrow Keys Keys vertically
Meta + x ,
then bury-
Hide the focused
⌘ Cmd + H buffer
window
RET, then
Ret
Alt + Space then
[10] Meta + x ,
N , or ⊞
Win + ↓ Alt + F3 then then bury-
Minimize the
⌘ Cmd + M Alt + F9 buffer
focused window (Windows 7 N
and Vista RET, then
Home Ret
Premium)
Alt + Space then
X [10],
or ⊞
Maximize the Alt + F3 then Ctrl + x ,
Win + ↑ Alt + F10
focused window X then 1
(Windows 7
only)
Maximize Available, but Available,
horizontally no default but no default
⊞ Win + ⇧
Shift + ↑ Available, but Available,
Maximize vertically
(Windows 7 no default but no default
only)
⊞ Win + M or ⌘ Available, but
Minimize all Ctrl + Alt + D
⊞ Win + D Cmd + Alt + M no default

⊞ Win + Home
Minimize all non Available, but
focused windows (Windows 7 no default
only)
 ⇧ Shift + ⊞ Available, but
Undo minimize all Ctrl + Alt + D
Win + M no default
Switch
fullscreen/normal F11 F11 F11
size
Show the window in
full screen mode,
Depends on Ctrl + ⇧
with no border, Ctrl + F11
application Shift + F
menubar, toolbar or
statusbar
Rollup/down Available, but
Alt + F12
window no default
F9 or

Move mouse Ctrl + x ,

Show all open pointer to
then
windows configured hot
Ctrl + b
corner or
active screen
corner[4][5]
F10 or

Move mouse Ctrl + x ,

Show all windows of pointer to
then
current application configured hot
Ctrl + b
corner or
active screen
corner[4][5]
F8 or

Move mouse
pointer to
Show all workspaces
configured hot
corner or
active screen
corner[4][5]
Ctrl + Alt + ⇧
Move window to ⊞ Win + ← / → Shift +
left/right/up/down (Windows 7
workspace only) ← /→/ ↑/
↓
Move window to Available, but
workspace n no default
 Switch to
'Available, but
next/previous
no default
workspace list
Go to workspace n Ctrl + n Ctrl + Fn
Ctrl + ← /
Ctrl + Alt + ←
Go to Ctrl + → /
[11] /
left/right/up/down
Ctrl + ↑ /
workspace
Ctrl + ↓ (OS X → / ↑/ ↓
10.5 or later)
F11 or

Move mouse Ctrl + Alt + D

pointer to Ctrl + Alt + D
Show / hide desktop ⊞ Win + D user specific,
configured hot
no default
corner or
active screen
corner[4][5]
Activate window
demanding attention
Alt + F4 or
Quit application of
Ctrl + F4 ⌘ Cmd + Q [13] Ctrl + Alt + Esc q
current window [12]
varies
Close dialog Esc Esc

⊞ Win + (#)
where "#" is
Open/Focus the position of
(preview) pinned the program on
program on the the Windows 7
taskbar Taskbar
(Windows 7
only)
⊞ Win + (#)
where "#" is
Open new program the position of
window of pinned the program on
program in Quick the Quick
Launch Launch toolbar
(Windows
Vista and 7)
Open new program ⊞ Win + ⇧
window of the Shift + (#)
pinned program on where "#" is
the taskbar (if the position of
program is already the program on
opened) the Windows 7
Taskbar
(Windows 7
only)
⊞ Win + T
, you
can ←→ back
Focus the first
and forth. Hold
taskbar entry.
Pressing again will ⇧ Shift to cycle
cycle through them backwards
(Windows 7
only)
F11 or

Move mouse
⊞ Win + Space
pointer to
Peek at the desktop (Windows 7 configured hot
only) corner or
active screen
corner[4][5]
⊞ Win + G
Bring gadgets to the (Windows
front of the Z-order Vista,7) or ⊞
and cycle between
Win + Space
gadgets
(Vista only, no
cycling)
External display ⊞ Win + P
options (mirror, (Windows 7
extend desktop, etc.) only)

[edit] User interface navigation (widgets and controls)

Action Windows Mac OS KDE GNOME

Tab ⇆ / ⇧ Shift + Tab

Moves keyboard Tab ⇆ /⇧ Tab ⇆ /⇧
⇆
focus to next/previous Shift + Tab Tab ⇆ / ⇧ Shift + Tab ⇆ Shift + Tab
control ⇆ ⇆
Ctrl + Tab ⇆ /⇧
 Shift + Ctrl + Tab ⇆

Pop up tooltip for

⇧
currently focused Ctrl + F1
control Shift + F1

Show context-
sensitive help for ⇧ ⇧
⌘ Cmd + ? ⇧ Shift + F1
currently focused Shift + F1 Shift + F1
window or control
Give focus to Ctrl + F6 /
⌘ Cmd + ` F6 / ⇧ Shift + F6
next/previous pane Alt + F6
Give focus to splitter
F8
bar in paned window
Ctrl + F2
Give focus to
F10 or Alt Alt F10
window's menu bar (or Fn + Ctrl + F2 on some
keyboards)
Varies with laptop /
extended keyboard type;
Pop up contextual ⇧ enable Mouse keys in
menu for currently Universal Access, then
Shift + F10 ≣ Menu ⇧ Shift + F10
selected objects (aka Function + Ctrl +5 or Ctrl +5
context menu) or ≣ Menu
(numeric keypad) or
Function + Ctrl +i (laptop)
Toggle selected state
of focused checkbox,
Space Space Space Space
radio button, or
toggle button
Activate focused
Space(also ↵ Enter for
button, menu item ↵ Enter ↵ Enter ↵ Enter
etc. menu items)
Select/move to Home /
first/last item in Home / End
End
selected widget
⇞ /⇟ PageUp / Ctrl + PageUp
Scroll selected view /
by one page
(or Fn + ↑ }+ Fn + ↓ on PageDown /
up/left/down/right
some keyboards) Ctrl + PageDown
↖ or on MacBook Pro Fn
Scroll selected view to + ⌥ Opt + ↖
top/bottom
↘ or on MacBook Pro Fn
 + ⌥ Opt + ↘

Switch focus to the Ctrl + Tab ⇆ /

Ctrl + Tab
next/previous tab
⇆
within a window ⌘ Cmd + `

Switch focus to the Ctrl + Alt + Tab ⇆ /⇧

next/previous panel Shift + Ctrl + Alt + Tab
on the desktop ⇆

Ctrl + Alt + Esc /

Switch focus to the
next/previous panel
⇧
(without dialog)
Shift + Ctrl + Alt + Esc

[edit] Command line shortcuts

Below is a list of common keyboard shortcuts that are used in a command line environment.

Microsoft
Unix/Linux/Mac Unix/Linux/Mac
Microsoft Windows Windows
Action OS X OS X
(cmd.exe) (Windows
(bash) (POSIX shell)
PowerShell)
Scroll through ↑/↓ or
History of typed ↑/↓ ↑/↓ ESC K / ESC J
Ctrl + P / Ctrl + N
commands
Signal end-of-file Ctrl + Z Ctrl + D
Abort current
Ctrl + C Ctrl + C Ctrl + C Ctrl + C
command/typing
Erase word to the
Ctrl + W
left
Erase word to the
Alt + D
right
Erase line to the left Ctrl + Home Ctrl + U
Erase line to the
Ctrl + End Ctrl + End Ctrl + K
right
Yank/paste
previously erased Ctrl + Y
string
Move one word to
Ctrl + ← Ctrl + ← Alt + B
the left (backward)
Move one word to Ctrl + → Ctrl + → Alt + F
the right (forward)
Move to beginning
Home Home Ctrl + A
of line
Move to end of line End End Ctrl + E
Reverse search of
F7 F8 Ctrl + R
history
Stop execution of
Ctrl + Z
the current job
Insert the next
character typed Ctrl + V
verbatim
Tab ⇆ (enabled by
Autocomplete Tab ⇆ (usually Esc(usually
Tab ⇆
command/file name default in Windows once) twice)
XP and later)
⇧ Shift + PageUp(may
Scroll window up not work in some ⇧ Shift + PageUp
versions of Windows
XP)
⇧ Shift + PageDown
Scroll window (may not work in ⇧ Shift + PageDown
down some versions of
Windows XP)

[edit] Accessibility

In Windows, it is possible to disable these shortcuts using the Accessibility or Ease of Access
control panel.

Action Windows Mac OS KDE GNOME

Utility Manager ⊞ Win + U

( Left Alt + Left

Use keyboard to control cursor
Shift + Numlock
Allow user to press shortcuts one
( ⇧ Shift 5 times)
key at a time
( Numlock for 5
Hear beep when -lock key pressed
seconds)
Stop/slow repeating characters ( Right Shift for 8
when key is pressed seconds)
Inverse (Reverse Colors) Mode Left Alt + Left ⌘ Cmd + ⌥
 Shift + PrtScn Opt + Ctrl + 8

[edit] User interface shortcuts

Below is a list of common keyboard shortcuts that are used to select a User interface (UI).

Linux
Action Microsoft Windows OS X
X11
CLI Ctrl + Alt + F1 to Ctrl + Alt + F6
GUI Usually Ctrl + Alt + F7 or Ctrl + Alt + F8
GPU enhanced GUI

[edit] See also

 Common User Access
 Computer keyboard
 Human interface guidelines
 Keyboard shortcut
 Pointing device gesture

[edit] Notes
1. ^ a b "Mac OS X: How to use the keyboard to perform actions". Article: HT2840. Apple Inc..
2008-08-19. http://support.apple.com/kb/HT2840. Retrieved 2010-11-03.
2. ^ a b c d "Mac OS X keyboard shortcuts". Article: HT1343. Apple Inc.. 2010-10-29.
http://support.apple.com/kb/ht1343. Retrieved 2010-11-03.
3. ^ "Mac 101: Set your preferences". Article: HT2490. Apple Inc.. 2010-10-22.
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT2490#l4. Retrieved 2010-11-03.
4. ^ a b c d e f "Mac OS X 10.6 Help: Using a screen saver". Docs.info.apple.com.
http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?path=Mac/10.6/en/9045.html. Retrieved 2011-01-03.
5. ^ a b c d e f "Mac OS X 10.4 Help: Setting a hot corner for Dashboard". Docs.info.apple.com.
http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?path=Mac/10.4/en/mh2194.html. Retrieved 2011-01-03.
6. ^ http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=20110104100450961
7. ^ Takes you to the "Switch User" screen when Fast User Switching has been enabled (enabled by
default in XP).
8. ^ Shows task manager in Windows XP if the welcome screen is enabled. Otherwise displays an
NT-style menu, with the option of launching the task manager; likewise for Vista.
9. ^ For the concept of "selected text" see also X Window selection
10. ^ a b c d e f In Microsoft Windows, all shortcuts with Alt + Space followed by another key are
language dependant. The Alt + Space combination opens the window menu, and the following key
selects from the menu. As the menu labels (and their underlined hotkeys) vary with the Windows
system language, the hotkeys are different for international versions of Microsoft Windows, and
may change if users change their Windows system language preference. The given examples are
valid for English user preferences/version of Windows.
11. ^ The WinSplit window manager application for Windows knows to emulate this behaviour.
 12. ^ There is no single consistent shortcut for closing a document or quitting an application in
Windows XP. In many multiple document interface applications, Ctrl + W or Ctrl + F4 closes a
document and Alt + F4 quits. In other applications where each document is in its own window,
such as later versions of Microsoft Word, Ctrl + W , Ctrl + F4 , and Alt + F4 close a document, and
there is no consistent shortcut for quitting an application.
13. ^ Mac OS uses ⌘ Cmd + W Close (window), ⌘ Cmd + Q Quit (application) and ⌘ Cmd + ⌥
Opt + Esc Force Quit (application). Quit is closest to Kill.

[edit] External links

 Large database of keyboard shortcuts (search by application, software category, operating
system)
 Keyboard Shortcuts Online Database
 Microsoft Support, Keyboard Shortcuts for Windows
 Mac OS X keyboard shortcuts
 Large collection of Mac keyboard shortcuts in one Mac App (Link to the Mac App Store)
 An Extensive List of Mac keyboard shortcuts
 Browser Keyboard Shortcuts (Table)
 Firefox browser shortcuts
 Firefox browser keyboard assignment map
 Compilation of popular Windows shortcuts

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_of_keyboard_shortcuts"

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Categories: User interface techniques
Hidden categories: All pages needing factual verification | Wikipedia articles needing factual
verification from March 2011
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 This page was last modified on 27 September 2011 at 16:50.

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