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CBSE Class 11 Mathematics
NCERT Exemplar Solutions
Chapter 13
LIMITS AND DERIVATIVES
Exercise
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Evaluate
Sol. Given that =
Taking limit, we have
3 + 3 = 6
Hence, the answer is 6.
2. Evaluate
Sol. Given that
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Study Materials
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
Revision Notes for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 6 to 12 Mathematics
RS Aggarwal Solutions for Class 6, 7 & 10 Mathematics
Important Questions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 9, 10 & 12 (Math &
Science)
Important Formula for Class 6 to 12 Math
CBSE Syllabus for Class 6 to 12
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Hence, the answer is 2.
3. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
[Rationalizing the denominator]
Talking the limits, we have
Hence, the answer is .
4. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
Put x + 2 = y ⇒ x = y – 2
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=
Hence, the answer is
5. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that:
Dividing the numerator and denominator by x, we get
Putting 1 + x = y ⇒ x = y – 1
Hence, the required answer is 3.
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6. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that:
Hence, the required answer is
7. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
[Dividing the numerator and denominator of x -1]
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=
8. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
Rationalizing the denominator, we get
Taking limits, we have
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=
9. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
Taking limits we have
Hence, required answer is .
10. Evaluate
Sol. Given that
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=
Dividing the numerator and denominator by (x – 1) we get
11. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
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=
12. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
= [Dividing the Nr and Den. By x-3]
Hence, the required answer is .
13. Evaluate:
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Sol. Given that
14. Find ‘n’ if
Sol. Given that
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= n.(2)n-1 = 80
= n×2n-1 = 5×(2)5-1
∴ n = 5
Hence, the required answer is n = 5.
15. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
16. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
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= [sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x]
Taking limit we have
17. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
= [cos 2x = 1 – 2 sin2x]
18. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
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=
= 1.1 . (1)2 = 1
19. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
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=
20. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
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= 3
21. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
22.
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Sol. Given that
= 2 . 1 = 2
23. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
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=
24. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that:
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25. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that
= cosec +2 = 2 + 2 = 4
26. Evaluate:
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Sol. Given that
Taking limit, we get
27. Evaluate:
Sol. Given that :
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=
= 1 – 6 + 5 = 0
28. If then find the value of k.
Sol. Given that
Hence, the required value of k is .
Differentiate each of the following functions from Exercise 29 to 42.
29.
Sol.
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= 3x2 + 2x + 1 -
Hence, the required answer is 3x2 + 2x + 1 - .
30.
Sol.
= (x3 + x-3 + 3x + 3 . x-1) = 3x2 – 3x-4 + 3 – 3 . x-2
31. (3x + 5) (1 + tan x)
Sol. (3x + 5) (1 + tan x)
= (3x + 5) (1 + tan x) + (1 + tan x) (3x + 5)
= (3x + 5) (sec2x) + (1 + tan x) (3)
= 3x sec2 x + 5 sec2 x + 3 + 3 tan x [using product rule]
Hence, the required answer is 3x sec2 x + 5 sec2 x + 3 tan x + 3.
32. (sec x-1) (sec x+1)
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Sol.
[using product rule]
33.
Sol.
[Using quotient rule]
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34.
Sol.
35.
Sol.
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= [using quotient rule]
= [2x cosec x – x2 cot x cosec x]
= cosec x [2 – x cot x]
Hence, the required answer is cosec x [2 – x cot x].
36. (ax2 + cot x) (p + q cos x)
Sol. (ax2 + cot x) (p + q cos x)
= (ax2 + cot x) (p + q cos x) + (p + q cos x) [Using Product Rule]
= (ax2 + cot x) (- q sin x) + (p + q cos x) (2ax – cosec2 x)
= (ax2 + cot x) (- q sin x) + (p + q cos x) (2ax – cosec2 x)
37.
Sol.
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=
38. (sin x + cos x)2
Sol. (sin x + cos x)2 = (sin x + cos x) (sin x + cos x)
= (sin x + cos x) (sin x + cos x)
+ (sin x + cos x) (sin x + cos x)
= 2(sin x + cos x) (sin x + cos x)
= 2(sin x + cos x) (cos x – sin x) = 2(cos2 x – sin2 x) = 2 cos 2x
Hence, the required answer is 2 cos 2x.
39. (2x – 7)2 (3x + 5)3
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Sol. (2x -7)2 (3x + 5)3
= (2x – 7)2. (3x + 5)3 + (3x + 5)3. (2x – 7)2
[Using product Rule]
= (2x -7)2. 3(3x +5)2. 3 + (3x + 5)3. 2(2x – 7). 2
= 9(2x – 7)2 (3x + 5)2 + 4(3x + 5)3 (2x – 7)
= (2x – 7) (3x + 5)2 [9(2x – 7) + 4(3x + 5)]
= (2x – 7) (3x + 5)2 (18x – 63 + 12x + 20)
= (2x – 7) (3x + 5)2 (30x – 43)
Hence, the required answer is (2x – 7) (30x – 43) (3x + 5)2
40. x2 sin x + cos 2x
Sol. (x2 sin x + cos 2x) = (x2 sin x) + (cos 2x)
= (x2 cos x + sin x.2x) + (- 2 sin 2x)
= x2 cos x + 2x sin x – 2 sin 2x
Hence, the required answer is x2 cos x + 2x sin x – 2 sin 2x.
41. sin3 x cos3 x
Sol. (sin3 x cos3 x) = sin3 x. cos3 x + cos3 x. (sin3 x)
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[Using Product Rule]
= sin3 x. 3 cos2 x (-sin x) + cos3 x . 3 sin2 x . cos x
= - 3 sin4 x cos2 x + 3 cos4 x sin2 x
= 3 sin2 x cos2 x (-sin2 x + cos2 x)
= 3 sin2 x cos2 x . cos 2x
= . 4 sin2 x cos2 x . cos 2x = (2 sin x cos x)2 cos 2x
= sin2 2x . cos 2x
Hence, the required answer is sin2 2x . cos 2x.
42.
Sol.
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LONG ANSWER
TYPE QUESTIONS
Differentiate each of the functions with respect to ‘x’ in
Exercise 43 to 46 using first principle method.
43. cos (x2 + 1)
Sol. Let f(x) = cos(x2 + 1) …(i)
⇒ f(x + x) = cos [(x + x)2 + 1] …(ii)
Subtracting eq. (i) from eq. (ii) we get
f(x + x) – f(x) = cos [(x + x)2 + 1] – cos(x2 + 1)
Dividing both sides by x we get
[By definitions of differentiations]
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=
= - 2 sin (x2 + 1) . 1 . (x) = - 2x sin (x2 + 1)
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Hence, the required answer is – 2x sin (x2 + 1).
44.
Sol. Let f(x) = …(i)
⇒ f(x + x) = …(ii)
f(x + x) – f(x) =
Dividing both sides by x and take the limit, we get
[Using definition of differentiation]
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45. x2/3
Sol. Let f(x) = x2/3 …(i)
f(x + x) = (x + x)2/3 …(ii)
Subtracting eq. (i) from (ii) we get
f(x + x) – f(x) = (x + x)2/3 – x2/3
Dividing both sides by x and take the limit.
f’(x) =
[By definition of differentiation]
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[Expanding by Binomial theorem and rejecting the higher powers of x as x → 0[
46. x cos x
Sol. Let y = x cos x …(i)
y + y = (x + x) cos (x + x) …(ii)
y + y – y = (x + x) cos (x + x) – x cos x
⇒ y = x cos (x + x) + x cos (x + x) – x cos x
Dividing both sides by x and take the limits,
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=
∴ Taking the limits, we have
= x[- sin x] + cos x
= -x sin x + cos x
Hence, the required answer is - x sin x + cos x
Evaluate each of the following limits in Exercise 47 to 53.
47.
Sol.
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=
∴ Taking the limits we have
= x sec x tan x + sec x = sec x (x tan x +1)
Hence, the required answer is sec x (x tan x +1)
48.
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Sol. Given,
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=
49.
Sol. Given,
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=
= (Taking limit)
Hence, the required answer is -4.
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50.
Sol. Given,
[ cos 2θ = cos2θ – sin2θ]
51. Show that does not exist.
Sol. Given
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LHL = [ |x – 4| = - (x – 4) if x < 4]
RHL = [ |x – 4| = (x – 4) if x > 4]
Since LHL ≠ RHL

Hence, the limit does not exist.
52. If f (x) =
Find the value of k.
Sol. Given,
LHL f(x) =
RHL f(x) =
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=
we are given that f(x) = 3
So, = 3 ⇒ k = 6
53. If f(x) = then find c when exists.
Sol. Given, f(x) =
LHL = f(x) = (x + 2)
= (- 1 – h + 2) = (1 – h) = 1
RHL = cx2= c(- 1 + h)2 = c
Since the limits exist.

∴ LHL = RHL
∴ c = 1
Hence the required answer = 1
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OBJECTIVE TYPE
QUESTIONS
54. is equal to
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) -1
(d) -2
Sol. Given,
Hence, the correct option is (c).
55. is equal to
(a) 2
(b) 3/2
(c) -3/2
(d) 1
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Sol. Given,
= 2cos 0 = 2 × 1 = 2
Hence, the correct option is (a)
56. is equal to
(a) n
(b) 1
(c) – n
(d) 0
Sol. Given
Hence, the correct option is (a).
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57. is equal to
(a) 1
(b) m/n
(c) -m/n
(d) m2n2
Sol. Given
Hence, the correct option is (b).
58. is equal to
(a) 4/9
(b) 1/2
(c) -1/2
(d) -1
Sol. Given
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=
59. is equal to
(a)
(b) 1
(c)
(d) -1
Sol. Given
[ sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x]
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=
60. is
(a) 2
(b) 0
(c) 1
(d) -1
Sol. Given
Taking limit, we get
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61. is equal to
(a) 3
(b) 1
(c) 0
(d) 2
Sol. Given,
= (tan x + 1) = tan + 1 = 1 + 1 = 2
Hence, the correct option is (d).
62.
(a)
(b)
(c) 1
(d) None of these
Sol. Given,
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=
63. If f(x) = where [.] denotes the greatest integer function. Then
f(x)
(a) 1
(b) 0
(c) -1
(d) None of these
Sol. Given, f(x) =
LHL =
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RHL =
LHL ≠ RHL
So, the limit does not exist.
64. is equal to
(a) 1
(b) -1
(c) Does not exist
(d) None of these.
Sol. Given
LHL =
RHL =
LHL ≠ RHL, so the limit does not exist.
65. If f(x) = then the quadratic equation whose roots are f(x)
and f(x) is
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(a) x2 – 6x + 9 = 0
(b) x2 – 7x + 8 = 0
(c) x2 14x + 49 = 0
(d) x2 – 10x + 21 = 0
Sol. Given f(x) =
[(2 – h)2 – 1] = (4 + h2 – 4h – 1)
= (h2 – 4h + 3) = 3
and f(x) = (2x + 3) = [2(2 + h) + 3] = 7
Therefore, the quadratic equation whose roots are 3 and 7 is x2 – (3 + 7)x + 3×7 = 0 i.e., x2 –
10x + 21 = 0. Hence, the correct option is (d).
66. is equal to
(a) 2
(b)
(c)
(d)
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Sol. Given
∴ 2x → 0
67. If f(x) = x – [x], R then f’ is equal to
(a)
(b) 1
(c) 0
(d) -1
Sol. Given f(x) = x – [x]
we have to first check for differentiability of f(x) at x = ½
∴ Lf’ = LHD =
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=
Rf’ = RHD =
Since LHD = RHD
∴ f’ =1
68. If then at x = 1 is equal to
(a) 1
(b)
(c)
(d) 0
Sol. Given that
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69. If f(x) = then f’(1) is equal to
(a)
(b)
(c) 1
(d) 0
Sol. Given that f(x) =
∴ f ‘(x) =
∴ f’(x) at x = 1 =
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70. If then is equal to
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Sol. Given,
(a) -2
(b) 0
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(c) 1/2
(d) Does not exist
Sol. Given
Hence, correct option is (a).
(a) cos 9
(b) sin 9
(c) 0
(d) 1
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Sol. Given
73. If f(x) = 1 + x + +…+ then f’(1) is equal to
(a)
(b) 100
(c) does not exist
(d) 0
Sol. Given f(x) = 1 + x + +…+
f’(x) = 1 + +…+
∴ f’(1) = 1 + 1 + 1 +…+ 1 (100 times) = 100
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74. If f(x) = for some constant, a, then f’(a) is equal to
(a) 1
(b) 0
(c) does not exist
(d) 1/2
Sol. Given f(x) =
f ‘(x) =
∴ f ‘(a) =
So f’(a) = = does not exist
75. If f(x) = x100 + x99…+ x + 1, then f’(1) is equal to
(a) 5050
(b) 5049
(C) 5051
(d) 50051
Sol. Given f(x) = x100 + x99 +…+ x + 1
∴ f’(x) = 100x99 + 99.x98+…+ 1
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So, f’(1) = 100 + 99 + 98 +…+ 1
= [2×100 + (100 – 1) (- 1)]
= 50[200 – 99] = 50×101 = 5050
76. If f(x) = 1 – x + x2 – x3 +…-x99 + x100, then f’(1) is equal to
(a) 150
(b) -50
(c) -150
(d) 50
Sol. Given that f(x) = 1 – x + x2 – x3 +…-x99 + x100
f'(x) = - 1 + 2x – 3x2 +… -99x98 + 100x99
∴ f’(1) = - 1 + 2 – 3 +… -99 + 100
= (- 1 – 3 – 5… -99) + (2 + 4 + 6 +…+100)
= [2× -1 + (50 – 1) (- 2)] + [2×2 + (50 – 1)2]
= 25[- 2 – 98] + 25 [4 + 98] = 25 × - 100 + 25 × 102
= 25[-100 + 102] = 25 × 2 = 50
FILL IN THE BLANKS
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77. If f(x) = ,then f(x) = ………
sol. Given f(x) =
Hence, the value of the filler is 1.
78. then m =……….
Sol. Given
Hence, the value of the filler is
79. If then =……….
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Sol. Given that
Hence, the value of the filler is y.
80.
Sol. Given
Hence, the value of the filler is 1.
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SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Sol. Given that =

Taking limit, we have

Hence, the answer is 6.

Sol. Given that

Taking limit, we have

Vedantu Innovations Pvt. Ltd.

Sol. Given that

[Rationalizing the denominator]

Talking the limits, we have

Hence, the answer is .

Sol. Given that

Hence, the answer is

Sol. Given that:

Dividing the numerator and denominator by x, we get

Hence, the required answer is 3.

Sol. Given that:

Hence, the required answer is

Sol. Given that

[Dividing the numerator and denominator of x -1]

Hence, the required answer is 7.

Sol. Given that

Rationalizing the denominator, we get

Taking limits, we have

Hence, the required answer is 8.

Sol. Given that

Taking limits we have

Hence, required answer is .

Sol. Given that

Dividing the numerator and denominator by (x – 1) we get

Hence, the required answer is 1.

Sol. Given that

Hence, the required answer is 0.

Sol. Given that

= [Dividing the Nr and Den. By x-3]

Hence, the required answer is .

Taking limit, we have

Hence, the required answer is

14. Find ‘n’ if

Sol. Given that

Hence, the required answer is n = 5.

Sol. Given that

Hence, the required answer is .

Sol. Given that

Taking limit we have

Hence, the required answer is .

Sol. Given that

Hence, the required answer is 2.

Sol. Given that

Hence, the required answer is 1.

Sol. Given that

Hence, the required answer is .

Sol. Given that

Hence, the required answer is 3.