Geometry is the study of shapes.

Geometric figures What

can haveis GEOMETRY one, two, or three dimensions.
While Dimension is a measure in one direction

F i r s t D i m e n s i o n

Is A line connecting two points. There is no depth and no

height, only a width. You can call this the x-axis.The one
dimensional analog of a
cube is an interval. It is
formed by taking a
dimensionless point and
dragging it through a
distance. That distance
could be 2 inches or 3 feet
or anything. Let us call the
distance "L" defined as the
LENGTH . Th e interval has
length L. It is bounded by 2
points as its faces--the two
points at either end of the
i n t e r v a l .

S e c o n d D i m e n s i o n
Now we ha ve adde d hei g h t or
th e y- a x i s . Th i n k of an y fl a t
f i g u r e , l i k e a t r i a n g l e .

The two dimensional analog

of a cube is a square. It is formed
b y d r a g g i n g t h e
one dimensional interval through
distance L in the second dimension.

D i m e n s i o n . s i d e s .
T h e f a c e s a r e I
ntervals of length L. We know are
four of them since its two
di m en s i on a l ax es mu st be th er e
capped on either end by fac es.
So base from the figure. 3 above we have 2 dimensions x 2
faces each = 4 faces. The faces together form a perimeter
of 4xL in length.Two-dimensional shapes can be measured in
two directions.Their measurements are LENGTH (or BASE) and
WIDTH (or HEIGHT). The distance around is PERI METER. The
e n c l o s e d s p a c e i s A R E A .

T h i r d D i m e n s i o n

We have now added depth or the z-axis. This is the dimension in

which we experience the world. It includes volume and the
ability to obtain cross sections from objects. You can think
of this dimension as space without time.
Three-dimensional shapes are measured in the directions:
l e n g h t h , w i d t h , a n d h e i g h t .

Three-dimensional shapes have faces,vertices, and edges.

Fa c es ref e rs to th e si d es of a sha p e.
Base on the figure on left the cube has 6
faces, but only 3 faces were visible.

A vertex is where a two or more points

meet; a corner.the rectangular prism on
th e lef t ha s 8 vert i c es bu t no t ev e ry
vertex may be visible in a three-dimension

the edge of a shape is the line where two

surfaces meet like for example this
cy linde r wh ic h has 2 edge s .

A three dimensional triangle is now a pyramid.

The cube has volume L3. It is bounded by faces on 6 sides.
The faces are squares of area L2. We know there are 6 of
them since its three dimensional axes
must be capped on either end by faces.

So we have 3 dimensions x 2 faces each =

6 faces. The faces together form a
surface of 6xL2 in area. Drawing a
picture of a three dimensional cube on a
two dimensional surface is equally easy.
We take two of its faces--two squares--
and connect the corners.

There are several ways of doing

the drawing that corresponds to
looking at the cube from different
angles. The figure shows two ways
of doing it. The first gives an
oblique view; the second looks
along one of the axes

F o u r t h D i m e n s i o n

The fourth dimension is not a spacial one but it consists

instead of time. Time helps plot an object’s location in the
universe and also adds a way for the third dimension to
change. Remember how the third dimension is space without
ti m e ? We l l no w we of f i c i a l l y ha v e sp a c e ti m e . Fo u r t h
d i m e n s i o n a s a t e s s e r a c t .
So far I hope you have found our constructions entirely
unchallenging. The next step into four dimensions can be
done equally mechanically. We just systematically repeat
every step above. The only difference is that this time we
cannot readily form a mental picture of what we are
building. But we can know all its properties!To form a
tesseract, we take the cube and drag it a distance L in
the fourth dimension. We cannot visualize exactly what that
looks like, but it is something like this:The tesseract has
volume L4. It is bounded by faces on 8 sides. The faces are
cubes of volume L 3 . We know there are 8 of them since its
four dimensional axes must be capped on either end by
faces--two cubical faces per axis. Once again, we cannot
visualize all four of these capped dimenions. We can at best
visualize three directions perpendicular to each other. We
then somehow add in the fourth (in red)
So we have 4 dimensions x 2 faces each = 8 faces. The faces

together form
a "surface" (really a three dimensional volume) of 8xL3 in volume.
Drawing a picture of a four dimensional tesseract in a three
dimensional space is straightforward. We take two of its faces--
t w o c u b e s - - a n d c o n n e c t t h e c o r n e r s .

There are several ways of doing the drawing that corresponds

to looking at the tesseract from different angles. The figure
shows two ways of doing it. The first gives an oblique view; the
second looks along one of the axes.So now we seem to know
everything there is to know about the tesseract! We know its
volume in four dimensional space, how it is put together out of
eight cubes as surfaces and even what the volume of its surface
i s ( 8 x L 3
) .
F i f t h D i m e n s i o n
From here on we begin to see the higher dimensions. These are
imperceptible to us, scientists believe, because they exist on a
subatomic level. These dimensions are curled in on themselves in
a process known as compactification. The dimensions here on out
r e a l l y d e a l w i t h p o s s i b i l i t i e s .
In the fifth dimension there would be a new world that would
allow us to see the similarities and differences between our
world and this new one, existing in the same position and having
the same beginning as our planet, i.e. the Big Bang.

a space with five dimensions. If interpreted physically, that is one

more than the usual three spatial dimensions and the fourth
dimension of time used in relativistic physics.[1] It is an abstraction
which occurs frequently in mathematics, where it is a legitimate
c o n s t r u c t . I n p h y s i c s a n d m a t h e m a t i c s ,
a sequence of N numbers can be understood to represent
a location in an N-dimensional space. Whether or not
the universe is five-dimensional is a topic of debate.
F i f t h d i m e n s i o n
S i x t h D i m e n s i o n
The sixth dimension is an entire plane of new worlds that would
allow you to see all possible futures, presents, and pasts with,
again, the same beginning as our universe.

S i x t h d i m e n s i o n
any space that can be described locally with six coordinates,
not necessarily Euclidean ones, is six-dimensional. One example is
the surface of the 6-sphere, S 6 . This is the set of all points in
seven-dimensional Euclidean space ℝ 7 that are a fixed distance
from the origin. This constraint reduces the number of
coordinates needed to describe a point on the 6-sphere by one,
so it has six dimensions. Such non-Euclidean spaces are far more
common than Euclidean spaces, and in six dimensions they have
fa r mo r e ap p l i c a t i o n s . S e v e n t h D i m e n s i o n
In the seventh dimension up through the ninth, we now have the
possibility of new universes with new physical forces of nature
and different laws of gravity and light. The seventh dimension is
the beginning of this, where we encounter new universes which
have a different beginning from ours. That is, they were not born
f r o m t h e B i g B a n g .

S e v e n t h d i m e n s i o n .
Seven-dimensional spaces have a number of special properties,
many of them related to the octonions. An especially distinctive
property is that a cross product can be defined only in three
or seven dimensions. This is related to Hurwitz's theorem, which
prohibits the existence of algebraic structures like
the quaternions and octonions in dimensions other than 2, 4, and 8.
The first exotic spheres ever discovered were seven-dimensional.
E i g h t D i m e n s i o n
This dimension is a plane of all
the possible pasts and futures
for each universe, stretching
i n f i n i t e l y .
E i g h t d i m e n s i o n

N i n t h D i m e n s i o n
The ninth dimension lays bare all the universal laws of physics
and the conditions of each individual universe.
N i n t h d i m e n s i o n

T h e T e n t h , o r E l e v e n t h D i m e n s i o n
Some scientists believe that the multiverse has only 10 dimensions
while others put that number at 11. However, a universe cannot
have more than 11 dimensions because of self consistency — they
become unstable and collapse back down into 11 or 10 dimensions.
At this point, anything is possible. There are all futures, all
pasts, all beginnings and all ends, infinitely extended, a dimension
of an y t h i n g yo u ca n im a g i n e . Ev e r y t h i n g co m e s to g e t h e r .
T e n t h o r e l e v e n t h d i m e n s i o n
String theory also has an answer for the mysterious moment
before the Big Bang occurred. The universe then consisted of
nine perfectly symmetrical dimensions and one time dimension. The
four fundamental forces — which I cover in my Quick Summary of
the Universe — gravity, weak nuclear, strong nuclear, and
electromagnetism were held together under extremely high
pressure and temperature. When it became unstable, it broke
into the dimensions of time and space we know today. The first
four are perceptible to us while the last six or seven were
reduced down to a size smaller than an atom.
While the idea of a multiverse
is fun in terms of science
fiction and daydreaming, it’s
als o ma t h em a t i c a l l y so u n d
and would provide the
framework for a theory of
everything — which is exactly
what string theory attempts
to be. It would be a beautiful
coming together of science,
math, and mysticism.