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EXTERMINATE ALL
MALWARE
RETURN YOUR PC TO NORMAL REMOVE ALL THE DROSS FIX YOUR BROWSER
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Set up a new monitor Customise Windows, and make it more accessible
Find and install fonts Edit videos Create a Windows 10 Homegroup
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11 Exterminate all malware
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55 Beginner’s guide to 5G
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6 Discover Can reading all your emails
help you focus? How much customisation
does a keyboard need? And more besides
20 Subscriptions
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4 | | October 2019
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80 LG gram 14 2-in-1
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October 2019 | | 5
NEW THINGS TO DO AMAZING WEBSITES FASCINATING FACTS
6 | | October 2019
Discover
Empty your inbox
Y
ou may have heard of the and drop it into a ‘delegated’ folder
term ‘inbox zero’. If you
haven’t, it’s the idea that an
straight away. If you can respond or
deal with the contents of the email in
Snapchat
empty email inbox helps two minutes or less, get it done Spectacles 3
with focus, and with making immediately. And if you can’t do it What now?
sure you don’t miss a thing. By clearing straight away, put the email in an The Snapchat Spectacles are sunglasses
out your inbox, and vowing to deal appropriate ‘to-do’ folder so that you with a built-in camera, with which you
with every email at the time that you can do it when the time is right or when can record the world around you and
receive it, you ensure that everything you have the required information. share it instantly with your friends on
that needs to get done gets done. That’s the bare basics of inbox zero. social media. These are the third version,
Dealing with those emails doesn’t But just as important as keeping your which add an extra camera and allow you
necessarily mean inbox clean is to create 3D videos, onto which you can
replying to them: “Just as important as a keeping your overlay ‘crazy’ effects.
inbox zero is a attitude towards it
fleshed out system
clean inbox is a clean clean. The system
That sounds… why?
A very good question, and one for which
rather than just attitude towards it” suggests you should we don’t have a particularly strong answer.
being a concept, schedule times to Because that’s how the kids are doing
and it gives you options. look at and work through your email, and things these days? Snapchat is a strange
First, you could delete or archive that ignore it at other times. That includes app if you’ve never used it. Its posts are
mail. When you’ve read it, you don’t disabling any notifications you might fleeting, in that they can only be viewed
need it, so get rid – and if it’s marketing have on your desktop or your phone. by your followers for a limited time before
spam, feel free to set up a filter so it This does make sense – you’d probably being deleted forever, meaning your 3D
video might not get much of an audience
never darkens your inbox again, or put do the same thing if an over enthusiastic
– though you don’t actually have to use
longer emails that only need reading in postie was pushing mail through your Snapchat, as the Spectacles allow you
a ‘read later’ folder. You could delegate door at all hours of the day. Even if you to export files and do whatever you like
dealing with that mail to someone else; don’t follow the process to the letter, with them.
forward it on to the person it concerns cleaning up your inbox is a great idea.
Glasses with cameras, though? That
sounds a bit iffy.
TYPE HARDER or softer – it’s up to you It’s about having a convenient way to
document every tiny thing that happens
When you buy a keyboard, you’re stuck in your life, if that’s important to you. At
least the Snap Spectacles are a little more
with the keyboard you’ve got. The switches
overt with their lenses than some of the
activate exactly where they activate – if
spy camera-type glasses you can pick up
you’re a light typist and your keyboard online – people will know you’re wearing
doesn’t register until you bottom those these. They are a darn sight more
keys out, you’re out of luck. convenient than strapping an action
The SteelSeries Apex Pro, at £199, is not camera to a head mount, but you’ll still
a cheap keyboard, but you can customise look a bit silly.
its keys to activate at whatever height
ALL THE COLOURS The Apex Pro lights up with
you’d like – and switch on the fly using its some neat effects – or you can switch them off if
Are they like Google Glass?
built-in screen. Blackpool Illuminations isn’t your thing.
In terms of the cameras they are, but in
all other ways they’re just sunglasses.
There’s no tiny laser-powered screen in
them, no alternate reality projections
onto the world. All that extra effects
work is done later, in the app.
Is that all?
Actually, we saved the worst part for last:
they only take circular videos or photos.
Not a rectangle in sight. Basically, the
Spectacles 3 (due later in the year for
around £330) aren’t for us.
ON THE FLY Tweak everything from the lights to SPECIAL SWITCH SteelSeries’ custom switches can
the key response without leaving the keyboard. detect how far they’ve been pressed.
October 2019 | | 7
(Ƀ ʑ ʢ\ʝȸ ɏɡ Wɪ ɸ ʘʖQ Xɢ
Qɒ ɪEʝX Download this…
Juice
A second dot com bubble www.juicereceiver.sourceforge.net
Podcasts have weaseled their way into our
Is the internet safe from another massive crash? everyday lives. Some of us would prefer a
All signs point to nobody having a clue podcast to flicking on Radio 4 in the
kitchen; some can’t fall asleep without
S
ocial blogging website stocks lead the market. And things one. But if you’re trying to get hold of the
latest episodes on your PC, you’ve likely
Tumblr was sold off in are only gaining. There seems to be run into a bit of a wall – or, more
August. Owner Verizon, no fluctuation; technology stocks are specifically, you’ve likely run into iTunes.
which acquired Tumblr as rising and rising with no end in sight. There’s nothing explicitly wrong with
part of its takeover of Yahoo iTunes, but if you’re only using it for
in 2017, reportedly sold the site to Analyst numbers podcasts we’d argue it’s far too heavy and
Automattic (the owner of blogging That’s a good thing for technology, awkward. Better, then, to use a tool that’s
platform Wordpress) for around right? It is for now, and analysts dedicated to the task, like Juice.
$3 million. Considering Yahoo initially expect numbers to continue rising. Yes, Juice is comparatively ancient – it’s
picked up Tumblr in 2013 for $1.1 Tech investors are apparently driven almost 15 years old. It comes from a time
billion, that’s a somewhat different by FOMO, the fear of missing out, and when podcasts were brand new. But
using its simple interface to add your
valuation and a remarkable loss. the hype behind tech investments is favourite shows and download episodes is
While it’s reflective of the rise and fall strong. But if it proves to be simplicity itself, and when you’ve
of one website – modern Tumblr unsustainable, or if the market collected your podcasts you’re free to
seems to be a magnet for negative changes its mind? listen with whatever player you like.
press, and is home to some of the Things are going to fall fast. “We are
more interesting characters on the very much focused on the possibility
web – could it also be a sign of an that once you get to new highs,
internet-wide decline? there’ll be too much complacency,"
said technical strategist Bob Farrell
Time for a crash? earlier this year, “And when the
Realistically, we don’t know. If there is markets reverse, they’re reversing
a crash coming, it’s something that without warning”.
will happen on the stock market, but How does this affect you? It likely
many of today’s conditions do mirror won’t: these are big corporate issues,
those of the late 1990s. Many and you may never see the effects
websites and services are kept afloat directly. But if you’re keeping things DIRECTORY ENQUIRIES Juice’s directory is
dated – but it’s great if you add your own.
by venture capital investment rather online (and who doesn’t keep at least
than by their own profits. High- something online these days), using
ranking, highly hyped websites cloud storage, writing a blog or
launch themselves on the stock anything else, be aware that today, as Follow us on…
market to great, some might suggest in 1999, things aren’t permanent. If
unwarranted, success. As they did you care about it, back it up and keep
before the first crash, technology it safe.
www.twitter.com/windowsmag
7+(6(&ǖǕ'ȷƹ ƾ,=
ɏVWʋUWɡQ ʝɦ
3ʑ Q ɡD ɢʃȱ ɏȾHDʏ ɨ\ʝʦ ɠʤʖ
www.facebook.com/windowsmag
Which site
1 According to alexa.
com, what is the 3 Which of these
sites ranks higher 5 surprisingly tops
Alexa’s ‘encyclopedias’
most visited site on on the Alexa visitor
the internet? rankings? category?
A britannica.com
NEXT UE ON SALE
A twitter.com
A google.com
B youtube.com B bing.com B webopedia.com
C howstuffworks.com
Octob
ber
C facebook.com C reddit.com
Which international
2 Number three on
Alexa’s list is tmall. 4 What is listed as
the most visited 6 version of Google
ranks highest?
com. Where is it based? site in Turkmenistan?
A yandex.ru A google.com.hk
A Tallahassee B google.co.in
B Texas B mail.ru
C google.com C google.be
C China
Answers A C C C A A 2019
8 | | October 2019
Discover
Facts & figures
$5 BILLION
is the amount of money lost by ride-sharing
firm Uber in the three months to June 2019,
the biggest loss in its history. The company,
Here we reveal some mostly useless valued somewhere north of $80 billion,
has never made a profit.
yet highly fascinating numerical facts...
60%
of new passwords are secure against guessing
attacks – meaning it would take an attacker over
a hundred million guesses before identifying
3%
the correct password – according to figures
of Brits surveyed answered
from Google Password Checker. ‘don’t know’ when the question
‘Have you ever tried surfing’ was
posed to them by YouGov.
ʬʬ
1
sales. A return to software sales on cassette
remai t we’ll keep you posted.
launched. The online RPG snared
The version number of the 12 million players at its peak, and
latest release of phone
operating system Android, hopes to do it again by reverting
despite being the 15th
named version since the OS to patch 1.12. Those who prefer a
came out of beta in 2009.
The idea of jumping to 10 is more up-to-date game can, of
very popular, with Windows
10 being around the 19th course, continue playing version
released version of
Microsoft’s OS, depending 8.2, which launched in June.
on how you count them.
October 2019 | | 9
Incoming
The hottest new hardware above the horizon
Skybot F-850
From £75 million en.roscosmos.ru
In definitely-not-alarming news, a six-foot-tall humanoid robot has been
launched by the Russian space agency to the International Space Station,
sitting in the commander’s chair of a Soyuz capsule as if it were ready to
take control at any moment.
And it potentially could. While the Terminator-like robot, known as Fedor,
is capable of running autonomously, it can also mirror the movements of an
operator wearing some fairly standard PC virtual reality gear. The human
scale of the ’bot means it can use human tools, potentially including
laptops – previous, Earth-based Fedors have driven cars and handled
electric drills. They have also, and we’re sure this is nothing to worry about,
fired guns from each hand and done the splits. Whether that was at the
same time, the press release sadly fails to mention.
Fedor runs on a Linux operating system, and will spend two weeks
working with the ISS crew. All together now: My god, it’s full of Tsars.
All image credits: Roscosmos
10 | | October 2019
Windows 10
Defeat malware
MALWARE
'LVFRYHUKRZWRSURWHFW\RXU3&IURPPDOZDUHSOXV
how to get rid of any infections that sneak through
October 2019 | | 11
Threats to your PC’s security
Receive a complete rundown of the key dangers
– malware, hackers and more – that threaten your PC
hreats to your privacy
T
and security come in
many shapes and forms
these days. Let’s start by
taking a brief tour of the
different types of
malware around to provide you with a
better understanding of what to look
out for.
Virus/worm
Traditionally malware was conflated
with the term ‘virus’. However, viruses
are a specific form of malware: code
inserted into other files (such as macros
in Microsoft Office documents, which is
why macro supported is now disabled
by default in Office). Along with worms Malware comes in all shapes and
– standalone programs rather than sizes, with some Trojans more
12 | | October 2019
Windows 1
Defeat malwar
zero-day exploits, is one of the
reasons why Windows 10 makes such
updates mandatory.
Zero-day exploits can carry all kinds
of malware payloads, and your best bet
for protecting yourself in the interim
between discovery and patching is to
ensure your security software has
built-in protection against them using
heuristics, which acts on suspicious
behaviour that may indicate the
presence of malware.
Backdoor
An infection that allows hackers
– typically automated scripts or
other infected computers (known
as zombies or ‘bots’) to remotely
access and control your PC. Delivered
by worms and Trojans, they can do
anything from use your computer
to deliver spam, steal personal Dedicated tools for removing rootkits exist from several vendors – Malwarebytes’ version has been in beta
information or act in conjunction with for years, and is free to download from www.malwarebytes.com/antirootkit/
other infected PCs (collectively known
as ‘botnets’) to attack major online making it impossible to visit security- you pay to restore control (or decrypt
services through Distributed Denial based websites, plus make use of personal data). It’s delivered in many
of Service (DDoS) attacks. whatever information it’s gathered. different ways, from regular infections
and other vulnerabilities (such as
Spyware Rootkits and ransomware backdoors) to phishing – tricking users
While traditional viruses aim to Rootkits are a special form of malware into running programs. Unlike other
replicate themselves far and wide, that’s designed to conceal its own malware, it makes no attempt to hide.
spyware tends to exclusively focus presence – in the form of tell-tale Once triggered, you’re either locked
on the computer it’s been installed processes and running programs – and out of your entire PC or key parts of the
on. Its primary aim is typically to actively protect itself from being system, and you may find all personal
collect information about you removed by security software. Thus files are encrypted, spreading to any
– through spying on your usage hidden, the rootkit can then introduce connected network shares and backup
– often to target you with ads and payloads that can steal user information drives. You’ll receive regular prompts –
other material for financial gain. It’s or even hijack the computer for use as and a deadline – to pay an online
also often used to steal sensitive part of a larger botnet network. ransom in return for an unlock code that
information such as financial data Ransomware is even more insidious. It (in theory) removes the restrictions and
and passwords through the use of a seizes control of your PC and demands restores control or your data.
keylogger, which monitors keystrokes
and mouse movement.
Like other forms of malware, spyware
“Zero-day exploits can carry all kinds
also attempts to change computer
settings – particularly internet-based
of malware. Ensure your security
settings. This is to both protect itself by software has built-in protection”
BEHAVIOURAL THREATS
As you’ll see over the page, it’s increasingly tricky for
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why modern malware is increasingly based on deception,
designed to trick you into clicking a web link or opening an
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Many of these so-called phishing attempts originate from
emails or instant messages. They attempt – with varying
degrees of success – to make themselves look genuine, with
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fake website where you’re asked to enter sensitive security
information to ‘verify’ your details. In actual fact, what you
enter is captured by the hacker.
There is also a growth in emails claiming to have hacked
the user’s computer. They claim to have recorded – using
\RXU3&·VZHEFDP²HYLGHQFHRI\RXHQMR\LQJSRUQRJUDSKLF
websites and aim to make themselves more plausible by
inserting an old password stolen from website breaches
that’s associated with your email account. Most of these
Behavioural threats tend to originate mostly
SKLVKLQJHPDLOVDUHFDXJKWE\VSDPÀOWHUVEXWRFFDVLRQDOO\D from emails attempting to trick you.
few will sneak through. Do not respond to any of them.
October 2019 | | 13
Strengthen your PC’s security
$XGLW\RXUFXUUHQWVHFXULW\DQG¾QGZD\VWRDGG
extra layers of protection to keep malware at bay
hen it comes to
W
protecting your
Windows 10 PC, both
antivirus and firewall
protection are built into
the operating system,
and while it’s strictly no-frills, Windows
Security is capable of keep most
malware off your system. We tested it
with a range of live malware samples,
and it detected them all, throwing up a
warning dialog offering to remove or
quarantine the malware in question.
Windows itself is also packed with
malware-thwarting technology too. User
Access Control (UAC) is the confirmation
dialog you see whenever you open a file
or program that wants administrative
access to your system. Windows 10 also
14 | | October 2019
Windows 10
Defeat malware
packages out there. If you’re in the
market for third-party protection or
want to review your current package as
its subscription comes up for renewal,
visit www.av-test.org/en/antivirus/
home-windows/ for a comprehensive
list of tests, updated regularly. What
you’ll notice, though, is that Windows
Security now rates highly in malware
detection and cleaning tests.
Does this mean there’s no need for
additional protection? Windows Security
provides a good last line of defence, but
third-party tools tend to offer a wider
range of preventative measures – and if
you’re still running Windows 7 or 8.1,
then switching to a different security
package is essential. You should also
look to strengthen – if not replace – the
built-in Windows Firewall. See below for
why, and how.
8SJUDGHWKH:LQGRZVÀUHZDOO
October 2019 | | 15
Remove malware from your PC
'LVFRYHUZKDWWRGRZKHQPDOZDUHVWULNHV±¾QG
out how to remove it, plus clean up afterward
hen your security
W
protection works as it
should, you’ll either
enjoy a hassle-free life or
see the occasional alert
pop up when your
antivirus tool spots – and blocks – a
potential infection from taking hold. But
if your security regimen is compromised,
you’ll have to take remedial steps to
clear any infection from your machine
– sudden sluggish performance, random
popup alerts and other strange Most anti-virus vendors provide standalone Kaspersky’s rescue disc – like others – loads a
behaviour might all point to infection. removal tools – try a selection if you’re struggling. virtual desktop to run its own removal tools.
The simplest thing to do is try and run
a scan with your existing security tools the step-by-step guide. If that takes you log in. At the desktop, open your
having first attempted to install the back to the normal desktop, try pressing existing security packages, let them
latest updates – if they detect the threat, Win + R, typing msconfig and pressing update and run full scans.
let them attempt to clean or quarantine Enter. Switch to the Boot tab, tick ‘Safe Hopefully they’ll find and remove the
it, then reboot and run full scans again. boot’ and select Network before clicking infection, in which case reboot back into
If infections keep cropping up, or you’re OK and rebooting when prompted. normal mode (if you used msconfig to
unable to open your security tool, you Some malware removes the Registry get into Safe mode, you’ll need to open
may need to attempt to boot into Safe keys required to successfully boot into it again and untick ‘Safe boot’ before
mode to run your security software from Safe mode – if you’re unable to get Safe clicking OK and rebooting) and run final
where the malware can’t cripple it. mode to work following the steps in the scans to verify the infection has gone.
guide opposite, skip to the next section. If you want to be doubly sure the
6FDQQLQJIURP6DIHPRGH For those who can get into Safe mode, infection has been removed – or your
There are two ways to enter Safe mode you’ll need to enter your user password security software doesn’t find anything,
– one method is described opposite in (any PINs aren’t accessible from here) to try enlisting the help of several
additional tools. Most security vendors
offer free scan-and-removal tools, so
Google ‘virus removal tools’ to see
what’s available. One example worth
trying – because it employs the services
of two separate anti-virus engines – is
Emsisoft Emergency Kit (EEK), which you
can download and run from www.
emsisoft.com/en/software/eek/ for
second and third opinions. Also try
VIPRE Rescue (www.vipreantivirus.com/
vipre-rescue-virus-removal-tool.aspx) if
Images : Microsoft, Malwarebytes, RizoneSoft, Macrium,
16 | | October 2019
Windows 10
Defeat malware
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1 TDNHDIDLOVDIHEDFNXS 2 RHERRWLQWR6DIHPRGH
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created emergency rescue media – just in case. option to retain internet access).
October 2019 | | 17
Expand your protection
Fill in the gaps in your security and privacy with this
essential collection of tips, techniques and tools
ou’ve got the essentials
Y
sorted – anti-malware
software in place, plus
any tools you’ve
downloaded from the
previous spread on
cleaning malware infections (even if
your PC is currently behaving itself, now
is a good time to collect them together
somewhere safe, like on a USB flash
drive). Now you’ve locked down your PC,
what other steps can you take to secure
other parts of your online life?
18 | | October 2019
Windows 10
Defeat malware
generous 10GB free bandwidth a
month with support for servers from
10 countries including the UK, US
and Switzerland. A Pro package comes
with tools for blocking ads and trackers
as well as malware ($9.00 a month or
$49 for a year).
While VPNs encrypt your data in
transit, they don’t hide it from the
services you’re connecting to, so you’ll
need to continue to take steps to
protect your web browser. Make use of
private or incognito windows when
browsing – which allegedly don’t store
any tracking information after they’ve
been closed. We say allegedly – it’s still
possible for your traffic to be monitored
by your internet service provider.
One way to tighten this security is by
enabling so-called DNS over HTTPS if
your browser allows you to do – for
example, Firefox users should open
Options > General tab, then scroll all
the way down and click Settings under
‘Network Settings’ before ticking
‘Enable DNS over HTTPS’ (with the
default Cloudflare provider) before
clicking OK. This prevents man-in-the-
middle attacks and eavesdropping on No more excuses – protect your online accounts by implementing 2FA now.
the websites you visit.
Also look to install add-ons to help com). Mail between ProtonMail users is your web activity by forcing it to run
block trackers and malicious advertising. automatically encrypted, while you can in a sandbox – that way it can’t spy
The step-by-step below reveals how to configure sensitive messages so on you through tracking cookies.
use Disconnect to monitor and block non-ProtonMail users are directed to a Similarly consider switching from
invisible trackers – after installing it, secure, encrypted web link to read – and well-known, but not necessarily
install AdBlock Plus (https://adblockplus. reply – to the message. secure, technologies such as Skype
org/) for a sensible approach to Protecting yourself when chatting and WhatsApp to Signal (https://signal.
blocking intrusive and potentially with others and using social media is a org), an open-source chat tool that
dangerous adverts without removing must too. Install the Facebook Container works on your phone and PC
all adverts. add-on for Firefox, for example, and you desktop and offers secure end-to-
Email is notoriously insecure – can isolate Facebook from the rest of end encryption.
unencrypted and easy to intercept.
Traditional encryption techniques
involving PGP only work with contacts
“Two-factor authorisation stops
who apply it to their own email. One
workaround is to sign up for a free
anyone getting into your account
ProtonMail account (www.protonmail. without access to your phone”
Track the trackers
October 2019 | | 19
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WINDOWS TIPS INTERNET ADVICE EXCITING NEW PROJECTS
Packed with informative tutorials Get more from your favourite websites
Every issue, we guarantee to pack the We all have our list of favourite sites
magazine with great tutorials teaching but often we miss out on great features
you all the best things you can do with your PC. EHFDXVH WKH\·UH GLIÀFXOW WR XVH RU KLGGHQ IURP
Each article features step-by-step instructions sight. We’ll show you how to do more online,
to make learning new skills fast and enjoyable. for a more satisfying web life.
Customise Windows to work your way Discover new programs with our help
We all know how to do the basics but From speed-up and security software
getting the most from Windows isn’t to superb photo apps, there’s always
always easy. Our dedication to the operating something new to try on your PC. The
system means you get the very best tips and Windows Store in Windows 10 and Windows
tricks for all versions of Windows. 8.1 is packed with software to download.
October 2019 | | 23
/HʋʢɚKʝɦWɛ
Use Google YOUR PHOTOS
This is the default
24 | | October 2019
Explore
What’s new with Google Photos
Jargon buster!
Colour adjustment
This changes how a
photo looks by
making it brighter,
adjusting the
difference between
the brightest and
darkest bits or
boosting colours or
CREATE ICON UPLOAD BUTTON colour ranges.
Not just for creating Adds photos to your
a new album. You Google Photos Cropping
can make photos Cropping is when
library. We’ll look you chop off the
into animations, at how the upload unwanted edges of a
collages and even feature works in photograph to make
movies too. this tutorial. the subject more
prominent.
Filtering
A filter is a collection
of adjustments that
changes how a
photo looks. It might
make the photo
warmer, or turn a
colour photo into
PHOTO TIMELINE black and white.
Appears when you
hover the mouse
over the right of the
window, and
provides quick
navigation.
ȉ$5ƺ,(6%NJ67ƼǏ3
'ʝɚɢȾɰʙɨʝɚʝɻʙʖȸɏVWʝUDȰɏ
WɛʠURɀHFɢ\ʝʦɠʖʢȾʑɿODȪHɪɬȵɏ
ʠLFʤʦȾHɡ0ɪȴɏʣʦȾɏ\ʝɤKʋɃɏ
RIɲʙʖȸɏEDɭʘʦSɡWRɛ
October 2019 | | 25
5 Create a new album
It’s a very, very good idea to sort every upload into an
6 Edit your album
First, we’ve given our new album a meaningful title (what,
album unless you’re planning to store a tiny number of photos where and when are always worth including); and second, we’ve
online. You’ll be glad you did when you’ve got 40,000 pictures and dragged the images around into an order we like better. In the
you’re trying to find that one of Karen’s wedding. When you click screenshot above, the thin line between images two and three is
on Add To Album you’ll see a pop-up that gives access to existing where we’re about to drop the first image. You’ll see that Google
albums or enables you to create a new one. Let’s make one. has automatically added the date range below the album’s title.
26 | | October 2019
Explore
Photoshop Elements Layer Styles
/HʋʢɚKʝɦWɛ
Style up layers in PS Elements
<ʝʦɠʔʦLȫɏ,ʋɚ(ɃʑQȫʑɚVʋ\ɡ
“Pep up text and shapes with these stylish,
and simple to apply, enhancements”
P
hotoshop’s Layer Styles are capable of hugely enriching your images, Styles live on their own side palette, where
methods of manipulating the and is especially good if applied to text. they take on a one-shot character rather
pixels in a layer. You can change Photoshop Elements also contains Layer than being manually editable.
the way light appears to fall on them, Styles, though with more automation. We’re using version 2019 of the software
bevel any edges, add drop shadows and While the app has a Layer Styles window here, (get a free trial from http://bit.ly/
both inner and outer glows... the list is a just like its bigger brother, it’s stripped PSE19trial) but the steps are applicable to
long one. It’s a very manual process, but is back in comparison. The vast majority of any version released in the past five years.
3 Drop Shadow
First on the Layer Styles list is Drop Shadow. Put a tick in the
4 Glow
Not Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling, but a light shining from
box, and drop down the triangle to get some sliders. Set Size to 1, the edges of your layer. Put a tick in the Glow box, then decide
Opacity to 100, and gradually increase the Distance slider – you whether you want an Inner or Outer glow, or both. The Size and
should see a copy of your type emerge from behind the original. Opacity sliders work the same way as in Drop Shadow, but you
Increase Size and lower Opacity to get a soft shadow. The Lighting can choose the colour of your effect by clicking on the coloured
Angle control changes the shadow’s direction. square. Your glows can be different colours.
October 2019 | | 27
LAYER MENU
Find the Style
Settings option
here, along with
all the menu
commands used
in this tutorial.
5 Bevel
In Photoshop Elements, Bevel stands alone without its
long-time partner Emboss, but that doesn’t mean it’s not still
useful for a subtle 3D look to your lettering. There’s just one slider,
plus boxes to choose between an upward or downward effect.
With text, a smaller Size is often a better look than a larger one,
but experiment with the slider to see what looks good to you.
ƮDŽ16%NJ67ƼǏ3
6 Stroke
A stroke is a line, as in the stroke of a brush. You control the 6ʤʉȵHɡʋXWʝPDʤLFɪɸʙɨʦSGDɀɏ
colour, size, position and opacity of it. Size is the line thickness, Lɑ\ʝɤɭKʋQȰɏɈOʋɆʑɠ,ɑ\ʝɤ
measured in points. A little will enhance your text, too much will ɪOɀʑɠVʝȷɏɀʑ[ɢʋʜɨ6ʤʉȵHɡ
swamp it. Position places your line on the inside or outside of the ʋʠɿʙȲHɍʨɵɸɗɭKʋQȰɏʨLʃɓLɢ
layer’s edge, or centred on it. Opacity controls whether the line is
opaque or translucent 0% will make it disappear completely.
Images : Adobe, Yuri Manei on Pexels
7 Style options
There are a couple of extra options from the Layer menu.
8 Styles palette
From the bottom right comes the Styles palette, which
Layer Styles > Hide All Effects does just that, bringing them back completely covers the Layers palette by default – so make sure
on a second click. Copy and Paste let you move effects between you’ve got the right layer selected before you open it. Use the
layers, and Clear gets rid of them. Scale effects allows you to dropdown menu to Show All – they’re a mixture of outlines and
shrink or grow the Layer Styles you’ve set by a percentage, and is fills. Every time you click on a Style icon it’s added to your layer.
useful if you just want to make the effect bigger. Keep the History palette handy so you can go back.
28 | | October 2019
Explore
Photoshop Elements Layer Styles
STYLES
Jargon buster!
The complete list of Layer
one-shot Styles. Use Slices of your image
the dropdown menu that can be edited
to split them into independently of
EXPERT drop shadows, one another. They
We’re in Elements’ glows etc. combine to create
Expert mode here. the whole
The app is split into composition.
three, and Expert is Style
the most powerful Graphical effects
but least friendly. applied to layers,
shapes or text. Can
be edited as many
times as you like.
Palette
STYLE SETTINGS Parts of the PSE
The main window interface that contain
information on
for editing Styles. creating a particular
Can also be accessed effect, rather than a
by clicking the FX floating window.
icon on any layer
with a Style applied.
At a glance
STYLES Skill level…
Opens the Styles Anyone can do it
palette. The buttons Straightforward
here at the bottom
right hide many of Tricky in parts
the app’s most
powerful features. Suitable for…
MORE Windows 10
Find Favourites and Windows 8.1
History here, along Windows 7
with the app’s ready-
made graphics. Click
Layers to get the
Layers palette back.
9 Simplify Styles
There are a lot of Styles in the palette, so it’s good to be able
10 Edit settings
The cogwheel icon at the top of the Styles palette opens the
to narrow them down a bit. The dropdown menu should be your Layer Styles window we saw earlier, but this time it shows you the
first choice, as this separates the Styles into Drop Shadows, Inner combination of shadows, glows and bevels that were used to
Glows, Patterns etc. You can also add a Style to your Favourites, create the effect you’ve got selected. This doesn’t hold true for
which is a palette of its own, accessible from the More menu that pattern fills, which fill the layer with their pattern, but means you
also hides History. can edit almost all of the preset styles in the Styles palette. Q
October 2019 | | 29
/HʋʢɚKʝɦWɛ
Take a screenshot
in Windows 10 <ʝʦɠʔʦLȫɏ0ʋʁɖ:\ʎL϶ʙɵɖ:ɵOVʝɚVʋ\ɡ
“Discover all the tips and tricks you need to
take perfect screenshots in Windows 10 using
both the built in tools and free software”
S
At a glance o, you want to take a picture
of what’s on your screen?
Skill level… There’s no need to grab a
Anyone can do it camera, as you can take a screenshot
Straightforward of your entire screen, or just a portion
of it, using tools that are built into
Tricky in parts Windows 10. In fact, there are
numerous methods you can use in
Suitable for… Windows, and if you turn to a
Windows 10 third-party tool, you’ll find that there
are a range of new options available.
Windows 8.1 Why might you want to take a
Windows 7 screenshot? You might be working
on a project where you need to
make reference to something on
screen, or you might just want to
quickly capture an error message
that flashes up before it disappears,
document a website or grab a still Ƴ$Ǜ.6 %NJ67 ƼǏ3
from a movie you’re watching. 3ȾHVʣʖQɒ >:ʖɚ@ ʋQɍ >3Uɢ6ɋ@
Whatever you’re looking to achieve, ȷHʋQɡ \ʝʦɠ VʎȾȭʑQʂKRɢ Lɡ
there are various ways to take
screenshots, each suitable for VʋɃHɍ ʖɚ ʃȱɏ 6ʎȾȭʑQʂKRWɡ
different circumstances and ʣʅEIɼOȫʑɠ Rɑ 3LFʤʦȾHɡ
different needs.
1 Print Screen
By far the simplest way to take screenshots is to just hit the
2 Importing screenshots
To make use of screenshots captured via [Print Screen],
[Print Screen] key on your keyboard – although you may find that you’ll need to import them into an image editor. This can be
it is labelled Prt Sc, Prt Scr or something similar. Don’t be surprised anything from Pain, included with Windows 10, all the way up to
when you press the key and nothing happens. All that pressing Adobe Photoshop – the process is the same. Having pressed Print
Print Screen does is to copy an image of what is currently on your Screen, fire up your favourite image editor, open a new file and
screen to the clipboard. either press [Ctrl] + [V] or select Paste from the Edit menu.
30 | | October 2019
Explore
Screenshots in Windows 10
October 2019 | | 31
/HʋʢɚKʝɦWɛ
Restore
Windows 10 <ʝʦɠʔʦLȫɏ0ʋʁɖ:\ʎL϶ʙɵɖ:ɵOVʝɚVʋ\ɡ
START-UP REPAIR
A quick, automated
way to have
Windows seek out
and repair problems
“When something goes wrong that may interfere
with your PC.
with Windows, there are many
recovery and repair options.”
At a glance
I
f you’re lucky, you will have a START-UP SETTINGS
trouble-free experience with Here you can access
Skill level… Windows 10 but, realistically, Safe Mode, as well
Anyone can do it it is quite likely that something will go as other boot modes
Straightforward wrong at some point. You may be such as a low-
experiencing a lot of crashes or error resolution version
Tricky in parts messages, or you might even find of Windows.
that Windows will not boot. If you
Suitable for… can’t even start your computer, how
Windows 10 are you supposed to fix things?
Thankfully, there are a number
Windows 8.1 of methods of recovery built into
Windows 7 Windows 10 that should help you
to get back up and running with a
minimum of fuss.
While it is natural to panic a little
COMMAND
when Windows goes awry, the PROMPT
various recovery tools and options The Command
that exist should mean that you’ll be Prompt is a text-
able to fix the problem without based mode which
putting your valuable data at risk. can be used to issue
Even if you have to reinstall Windows special commands.
because of a more serious problem, it
should still be possible to safeguard
your files.
32 | | October 2019
Explore
Windows 10 recovery
Jargon buster!
System restore
A feature of
Windows that keeps
a backup of the state
of your computer
and important
system files, and
UNINSTALL lets you can roll
UPDATES back to a previous
If a recent update time if something
has caused the goes wrong.
problem, you can Safe mode
uninstall it to get A very basic,
things working. stripped-back mode
of Windows that
starts your computer
SYSTEM RESTORE with only the
absolute basics
Roll back to a running. This gives
previous System you the option of
Restore point. changing settings
Windows 10 creates and removing
them itself, or you software that might
can make your own. be causing problems.
Startup repair
A special
troubleshooting
mode of Windows
10 that will attempt
to automatically
fix startup
problems with your
computer without
you having to
SYSTEM IMAGE change any settings.
RECOVERY
Recovering to a
system image
lets you roll back Ƴ$Ǜ.6%NJ67ƼǏ3
Windows to an
+ɼOʏʖQɒ>6ʕLIɢ@ʇʕɵȵɏ
earlier time.
ɭʙLɭʘʖQɒ5HVWʋUɢʖɚʃȱɏ6WʋUɢ
ʨɵɸɗDFȪHVɡʃȱɏ$ʏYʋQȪHɍ
6WʋUʤʦɞ2SʤLʝQɡWRɛ
3 Start-up Settings
Even if Start-up Repair doesn’t find any problems, you can
4 Using Safe Mode
Safe Mode only loads the essential components of Windows
still use Start-up Settings to enter Safe Mode. After selecting the 10. You should be able to start your PC in it, as anything that could
option, click the Restart button and you’ll see another menu. If cause a problem should be bypassed. Things may look a little ugly
your graphics card might be the problem, press 3 to enter a as only basic graphics are used, but it gives you the opportunity
low-resolution mode that to tweak settings. Options 4 or 5 will to head to Settings and uninstall any problematic software, or
boot you into Safe Mode either without or with network access. Device Manager to roll back to an older version of a device driver.
October 2019 | | 33
5 Uninstall updates
Updates for Windows are supposed to either fix problems or
6 System Restore from within Windows
System Restore automatically backs up the registry and key
introduce new features – but things can go wrong. If you have system files in case anything goes wrong. You can also set your
installed an update only to to find it causes issues, select Uninstall own. Find System Restore by clicking the Start button and
Updates from the Advanced Options menu. You can choose to searching for it. If there are restore points available, select the
uninstall the most recent ‘quality update’, or go for the latest one you’d like to use and click Next again. Click Finish and the
‘feature update’ (the big updates that come once or twice a year). restoration process will continue.
34 | | October 2019
MISSED AN ISSUE?
Our website stocks up to six months’ worth of back issues
– we deliver worldwide and all prices include shipping
October 2019 | | 35
/HʋʢɚKʝɦWɛ
How to manage your
apps in Windows 10
<ʝʦɠʔʦLȫɏ0ʋʁɖ:\ʎL϶ʙɵɖ:ɵOVʝɚVʋ\ɡ
´'LVFRYHU KRZ WR ÀQG LQVWDOO XSGDWH DQG PDQDJH
DSSV LQ :LQGRZV VR \RX FDQ PDNH WKH PRVW RI
\RXU FRPSXWHU DQG HYHU\WKLQJ LW KDV WR RIIHUµ
A
At a glance pps – short for applications
– are at the heart of your
6NLOOOHYHO« computer usage. Although
Anyone can do it the word used to be most readily
Straightforward associated with mobile phones, these
days it also refers to software on a PC.
Tricky in parts Without them, you would be left with
just Windows itself, and you’d not get
6XLWDEOHIRU« very much done with the limited
Windows 10 number of apps it includes.
Apps come in a huge range of
Windows 8.1 different types, and the chances are
Windows 7 you will use quite a few in the course
of your daily computing. Whatever
the types of app you use, and no
matter how many you use, you need
to know how to manage them. This
means finding and installing the,
creating shortcuts in helpful places to Ƴ$Ǜ.6%NJ67ƼǏ3
make them easy to launch, getting 8SGDɀɏʋʠSɡʍɨɭʙLɭʘʖQɒʃȱɏ
rid of those you no longer need, and ʍXɀWʝɚDɢʃȱɏWʝɞʢLɳKɢRɑʃȱɏ
more. And this is precisely what we’re ǔ66WʝȾɏ ʃȱʑɚ'ʝʨɻORDGɡ
going to take a look at here in this ʋQɍʦSGDɀHɡ!*HɢʦSGDɀHɡ
essential guide to app management
in Windows 10.
Step-by-step (YHU\WKLQJ\RXQHHGWRNQRZDERXWDSSPDQDJHPHQW
36 | | October 2019
Explore
Manage your apps
October 2019 | | 37
/HʋʢɚKʝɦWɛ
What to do if
Windows Update fails
<ʝʦɠʔʦLȫɏ&ʋUʢȲɏ0ʋUʂKɪɸɗVʋ\ɡ
“Windows Update helps keep your system safe,
but sometimes it doesn’t quite do what we’d like it
WR GR 'RQ·W ZRUU\ LW·V HDV\ WR ÀQG DQG À[ LVVXHVµ
W
At a glance indows Update is a very
useful thing. While you get
Skill level… on with the important
Anyone can do it business of doing things on your PC,
Straightforward it keeps an eye out for security and
software updates you need to stay
Tricky in parts safe and secure. Those updates are
downloaded in the background, or
Suitable for… at least they’re supposed to be. But
Windows 10 what happens if Windows Update
stops working?
Windows 8.1 Windows Update lives in System
Windows 7 and Security. It’ll tell you when it last
checked for updates, what it’s going
to install next and what it’s currently
installing, as well as if any updates
failed. If it’s constantly stuck at
“checking for updates” or something
seems to have been stuck for a long
time, it’s time to go looking for a
solution. If there’s an error code, ȉ$5ƺ,(6%NJ67ƼǏ3
search for it on support.microsoft. &ȱHɭɖʃȱɏEDʣLFɡʓʖUVɢ,ɡ\ʝʦɠ
com for the solution; if there isn’t, KʋUɍʏLʂɖVɛʓʅɸɗ:ʖQGʝZɡ
these steps can help find and fix 8SGDɀɏFʋɚɢZʝʁɖ",ɡ\ʝʦɠ
the problem. ʖQɀʑʢȸHɢFʝʜȸHFʤLʝɚVʤɵɸɗǖ."
38 | | October 2019
Explore
Windows Update fixes
October 2019 | | 39
Encode video faster and
at higher quality
YOU’LL NEED THIS According to its website, “Handbrake is a tool for converting video from nearly any format to a selection
of modern, widely supported codecs.” Although it’s certainly worth exploring, we should state that
HANDBRAKE Handbrake is not easy to understand if you’re a novice – the program is clearly designed with the power
Download the open-source video user in mind. Nevertheless, with some tutorial scenarios, we can hopefully break it down into
transcoder from something more easily digestible, and make the interface less intimidating.
http://handbrake.fr. Handbrake’s interface is slightly unconventional and can be confusing at first, but stick with it, as
some parts function beautifully and really make Handbrake stand out from the pack. We don’t have
space to cover the entire program, but hopefully we can take you through enough of the interface for
you to be able to start encoding your own videos comfortably and confidently.
40 | | October 2019
Explore
Faster and better video encoding
resolution, you must open the
Dimensions tab. The controls under Size
adjust width and height.
CODECS IN A NUTSHELL
When you hear someone speak about Video codecs are the formats that compress raw video into something smaller and
1080p, 720p, or 480p, they’re referring to easier to handle. Although many kinds have existed, it all really started with MPEG
the height. So, to scale up or down, just (Moving Picture Experts Group) back in 1988. Advances in processing power meant
adjust the height control, and the width video compression algorithms became more sophisticated, so you could squeeze
adjusts with it. For reference’s sake, in 16:9 more video quality into a smaller file size. DVD’s MPEG-2 was a big step up over
format, 1080p is 1920x1080, 720p is MPEG-1, and video file sharing really kicked off in the early 2000s when DiVX/
1280x720, and 480p is 854x480. .1&(XBTBCMFUPTRVFF[FOFBS%7%RVBMJUZWJEFPPOUPBTJOHMF$%
How did the machine perform in 1080p However, each major step in video compression requires hardware to advance
instead of 4K? It was great [Image B]. XJUIJU.1&(SFRVJSFEBEFDFOUMZCFFGZ1$CBDLJOUIFEBZ
CVUFWFOUVBMMZ
Which begs the question: Do consumers hardware MPEG-4 decoding was built into basic consumer devices, such as DVD
really need 4K? Or is it a marketing players and even car stereos. Likewise, it took some time for the hardware to catch
wheeze rustled up by TV manufacturers? up with the H.264 codec that’s mainly in use these days, but even something as
IVNCMFBTB3BTQCFSSZ1JDBOQMBZIJHIEFGJOJUJPO)WJEFPXJUIPVUCSFBLJOH
MDQ\ÀOHVOLJKWZRUN into a fruity smelling sweat.
Now, this is where Handbrake really The next big thing is H.265, which needs anything from 3 to 10 times the
comes into its own. The Queue feature processing power as H.264, but with the benefit of outputting at approximately
enables you to complete a list of jobs half the file size. Once mainstream consumer hardware catches up with this new
instead of just one, which is perfect for standard, H.265 promises to deliver genuine high-definition video streaming over
running a bunch of encoding jobs even modest Internet connections.
while you’re away from the computer
– especially overnight.
Once you get used to which button settings, and changes made to one video The first place to try is bitrate. Open the
does what, the process for multiple files don’t apply to another. Video tab, and you’ll see a slider, a
is pretty easy: If you need to cancel something for any DIFDLCPY GPS $POTUBOU 2VBMJUZ
BOE
t$MJDLUIF4PVSDFCVUUPO
BOEDIPPTF reason, we like the four options you get BOPUIFS GPS #JUSBUF LCQT
5IF $POTUBOU
file or disc. when you hit the big red Stop button: Quality option uses the slider: the further
t$IPPTFZPVSGPSNBUUJOHPVUQVUPQUJPOT $BODFM $VSSFOU BOE 4UPQ $BODFM $VSSFOU
the slider is to the left, the higher the
t$MJDL"EEUP2VFVF
XIJDIQVUTBO 4UBSU /FYU 'JOJTI $VSSFOU
UIFO 4UPQ BOE quality and file size; and the further to the
encoding job in the list. $POUJOVF &ODPEJOH *U NJHIU CF B TNBMM right it is, the smaller the file, but the
t3FQFBUXJUIBOPUIFSmMF
BOE"EE touch, but it’s a thoughtful one that might lower the quality. That’s the easy way to
to Queue. save you hours of lost work. do it. If you prefer more control, use the
t1SFTT2VFVFUPCSPXTFZPVSFYJTUJOH Bitrate (kbps) option. The default is set to
jobs; click the Edit button (the icon TZHDNLQJ IRU TXDOLW\ 2,500, but we thought we’d try our luck
with the pencil) if you want to make This is what sorts the new users from the squeezing it down to 1,000kb/s. With a
any changes. veterans – where you really get down to combination of the lower bitrate, a
t$MJDL4UBSU&ODPEF the nitty-gritty of video encoding. While lowered resolution of 720p, and stereo
If you find that all your settings have our previous rips have all been sound, we managed a file that had shrunk
disappeared, and you want to make substantially smaller than their source, from 16.6GB to just over 1GB.
changes, the GUI is still in Queue mode they’re all still relatively large, being at Obviously, it was nowhere near the
– just hit the button again. We particularly least several gigabytes each. What if you quality of the original, and image
like that each queued video has its own want to make the rips smaller still? degradation from the compression was
October 2019 | | 41
C
starting to show, but for a casual viewer, two-hour film with all the best features button is particularly useful. Flick
the quality would have been acceptable. enabled, it took something like 16 hours through the preview slider to make
Things needn’t stop there, though. As the UPDPNQMFUF3JQQJOHPWFSBDPVQMFPG sure everything looks right through
bitrate comes down, the ugly visual hours is one thing, and even ripping the rest of the file before continuing.
artefacts really start to show up, but overnight isn’t too bad, but 16 hours? You can also crop manually if you
Handbrake has a few tricks up its sleeve. That adds a new level of impracticality, QSFGFS'JSTUEJTBCMF"VUP$SPQ
XIJDI
While we’re still in the Video tab, if and you’ll need to work out how FOBCMFTUIF$SPQQJOHDPOUSPMT
BOEPQFO
you use the manual Bitrate (kbps) option, committed you are to a quality rip. the Preview window. As you adjust the
you can enable 2-Pass Encoding. This cropping dimensions, the Preview
rips the video twice, but uses the data WKDW·VDQDVSHFW" window updates in real time.
from the first rip to refine the picture Although it’s unintuitive at first, the Moving on to resizing and aspect ratio,
accuracy in the second rip. This takes picture controls are excellent, particularly the GUI is obscure here, and takes some
twice as long, though. when combined with the Preview window working out. If you look under Storage
To refine the image, open the Picture <*NBHF$>*GZPVIBWFBQJDUVSFUIBUOFFET Geometry, you’ll find it all lies with the
tab. At the bottom is the Filters section. cropping or re-proportioned to the Anamorphic drop-down: Leave it in Loose
Starting with Deblock, this cleans up that correct aspect ratio, great. But if you have if you want to resize the video, but
effect where lower-quality images one of those irritating files that needs maintain the aspect ratio; or put it in
become blocky. Denoise takes away noisy fixing in both areas, that’s even better. $VTUPNJGZPVXBOUUPDIBOHFCPUI
elements, such as film grain, that make Start by opening the Picture tab, and With Loose, you can adjust the width
ripping more difficult, and can reduce file we’ll go from there. and height, but both are locked within
size. Detelicine removes a combing effect Other than removing those black the same numeric proportions. With
resulting from the process of converting borders, cropping is handy because a lot $VTUPN
ZPVDBOBEKVTUUIFXJEUIBOE
film to video. of file size can be wasted rendering black the height, and the Preview window
Lastly, we have Decomb and space. If you’re going to do any cropping, grows or shrinks along with it.
Deinterlace. If you’ve ever seen something start with that first, because annoyingly If you want to know what aspect ratio
shot on video that looks all liney, this is UIF$SPQQJOHDPOUSPMTSFTFUUIF%JTQMBZ the video is now in, uncheck Keep Aspect
interlacing. Deinterlacing fixes that, but Geometry controls. in the neighbouring Display Geometry
it’s such a common problem that there )BOECSBLFIBTJUT"VUP$SPQGFBUVSF field, and the Display Aspect readout
are multiple methods for deinterlacing. enabled by default, which in most cases reveals the aspect ratio. Keep resizing
This means you’ll have to experiment with detects and removes black borders until it says whichever ratio you want. The
each setting. While Deinterlace bluntly automatically. Interestingly, it crops out geometry controls are powerful, but can
applies the effect to the whole video, border space from any video file, not just be a nightmare to use.
Decomb attempts to detect any those with differences in aspect ratio.
interlacing first, and avoid needless Nevertheless, always check the Preview LLVWHQXS
image degradation. window to see that it’s worked properly. We’ve primarily focused on video here,
There is one big drawback to enabling Some files are so badly ripped that only a but sound is half the equation, and can
all of these options: while a basic rip may human eye can figure them out. significantly impact the file size. Although
be done in real time or less, a hardcore rip Thankfully, you can adjust the crop you can do some great stuff in
takes longer. A lot longer. Test-ripping a TFUUJOHTPOUIFnZ
BOEUIF4IPX$SPQ Handbrake, audio configuration is where
42 | | October 2019
Explore
Faster and better video encoding
the GUI lets itself down. For stereo output,
things are generally fine. In either the
Audio Defaults or the Audio List tab,
BUT WAIT, THERE’S
you’re bound to find settings that work in
your codec of choice, though the
MORE COOL STUFF!
Audio List tab is certainly easier to HandBrake doesn’t just rip from single video files; it also supports DVDs. You can
comprehend [Image D]. find an inserted disc if you look around in the Source window, or choose your disc
However, if you want to keep the audio drive under the File menu. Of course, we respect copyright here, and assume you
in surround, that takes some more work. have legal rights over anything you rip in your locality.
We’ll cover DTS, DTS-HD, and Dolby *GZPVMPPLVOEFSUIF$IBQUFSTUBC
ZPVDBOBEE
DVTUPNJTFBOEFWFOMBCFMZPVS
Surround here. Given that DTS/DTS-HD is own chapters to give your file that extra professional touch.
the primary choice for surround sound on $IFDLUIF(SBZTDBMFPQUJPOBOEZPVSWJEFPJTDPOWFSUFEUPCMBDLBOEXIJUF5IJT
Blu-ray, we’ll cover that first. Dolby is perfect for adding some moodiness to your movies or helping young film
Surround rules the roost on DVD, students be pretentious.
however, so we’ll do that after. To quote the website’s feature list: “Get started with Handbrake in seconds by
Starting with DTS and its HD cousin, we choosing a profile optimised for your device, or choose a universal profile for
found that it’s best to avoid the Audio standard or high-quality conversions. Simple, easy, fast. For those that want more
Defaults tab entirely, and just open the choice, tweak many basic and advanced options to improve your encodes.”
Audio List tab instead. In the list below, We didn’t know that encode was a noun, but there you go. Apparently,
you’ll probably have a default output Handbrake has presets for all kinds of devices, such as iPhones, Android tablets,
listing, displaying something like English the PlayStation 3 (could do with an update there), and even Apple TV.
%54
DI
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"$ %PMCZ1SP
Logic II)(48kHz).
$MJDLUIF&EJUCVUUPOXJUIUIF
pencil icon on the right. Now a new "$ GSPN UIF &ODPEFS MJTU
GPMMPXFE CZ JOTUFBE
XJUI $IBOOFMT GSPN .JY
configuration window pops up, with $IBOOFMT GSPN UIF .JY MJTU 5IJT XBT And again, if you choose Dolby Surround,
essentially the same controls as in detected as Dolby Surround on our ZPVMM QSPCBCMZ KVTU HFU TUFSFP 3FTJTU UIF
the Audio Defaults tab, but stripped amplifier and worked. Ironically, when we urge to kick a piece of furniture.
down into something that actually choose Dolby Surround from the Mix list, While using passthrough for the
makes sense. it only came out as stereo. audio is easier and results in the best
$IPPTFZPVSBVEJPUSBDLGSPNUIF With that, let’s move on to keeping a quality, be aware that it substantially
Source Track list. Under the Encoder Dolby Surround source. If your source increases your final file size. Our
heading, choose DTS-Passthru (or DTS-HD audio is surround, in the list below you’ll example rip earlier was only 2.3GB in
Passthru if your file has that), at which probably have a default output listing stereo, but with surround sound it
point the other options are greyed out. TBZJOH TPNFUIJOH MJLF A&OHMJTI "$
became 6.6GB – a dramatic increase,
$MJDL0,
BOEUIFBVEJPTIPVMECF DI
L)[
""$ BWDPEFD
%PMCZ 1SP but still 10GB smaller than its source.
properly configured with surround Logic II)(48kHz)’. If you’re serious about keeping
sound, with the listing saying it will $MJDL UIF &EJU JDPO BT CFGPSF
BOE BHBJO
surround in your rip while maintaining a
convert from DTS to Passthrough. There choose your Source Track. This time from small file size, we recommend that you
are other ways of getting it to work, but UIF &ODPEFS NFOV
DIPPTF "$ 1BTTUISV
experiment with codecs and bitrates until
we found this was the easiest, and it at which point the other options are you find a solution that works for you.
avoids losing quality. greyed out.
This is the best and easiest way if you WHLJKLQJ WKLQJV XS
ML[LQJWKLQJVXS want the surround sound to stay intact. Ultimately, ripping is all about balance
If your amplifier doesn’t support DTS, but However, if you want to change options and compromise: size versus quality,
does support Dolby Surround, we found such as the bitrate or gain, you can keep compression versus compatibility,
ZPVDBOSFNJYUIFTJHOBMUPTVJU$IPPTF UIF %PMCZ 4VSSPVOE CZ DIPPTJOH "$ meticulousness versus practicality.
What can it run on? Is it beautifully
D compressed, but only runs on new
hardware, or are you willing to sacrifice
some sophistication so anyone can play
it? It’s about deciding what you can live
without, because there’s always a
trade-off somewhere.
Furthermore, there are practical
considerations to take into account.
Will people be counting on you to
churn out new videos quickly and
regularly, or can you take your time
and produce something of high quality
with a small file size? And if you’re
planning on ripping videos regularly,
should you invest in another computer
that’s dedicated to the task?
These factors will all determine what
kind of ripper you are, and Handbrake
tends to cater to the more dedicated user.
Although some of its GUI controls are
infuriating, others are genuinely brilliant,
and provide functionality that makes the
program indispensable to any serious
video encoder.
October 2019 | | 43
LONG-TERM
MEMORY
Desktop PC RAM is becoming more affordable.
Christian Guyton examines what that could mean for you
Technolog
What’s the best RAM
AM is a core component of any computer. choose from. It’s daunting. The vast majority of modern
R
With DDR4 now well and truly entrenched in memory comes packaged with integrated heatsinks, with
the memory market and DDR5 on the many sporting multicoloured/('VWRERRW6RPHEHHÀHU
horizon, manufacturers are looking out in packs even come with their own coolers, mounting
different directions: massive 64GB and awkwardly above the DIMM sockets. With an open mind
128GB sets running across eight channels, and an even more open wallet, it’s easy to spend a silly
and faster speeds than ever seen before. Frequencies only amount of money.
continue to rise, with companies such as HyperX and Corsair Choosing RAM in this day and age can be a laborious
pushing commercially available sticks at well over 4,000MHz. process, but fear not – as always, we’ve got your back.
But it ain’t cheap. RAM price-per-GB skyrocketed between Over the next few pages, we’re going to break down the
2016 and 2018, although recent trends have shown that technology and nuances behind random-access memory,
DDR4 kits have slowly lowered in price from the latter half of and discuss which kits are best for which builds. A discerning
2018. RAM offering 3,000MHz and above remains expensive, eye is important when buying RAM. What you pay for is not
with a seemingly endless list of brands and product lines to always what you get.
Size matters
When looking at memory kits, there are three key 32GB. 64GB sticks are available, but not for general
elements to consider: capacity, speed and latency. We’re consumer use – they’re more likely to be found in server
going to take a look at capacity first, as it tends to be the farms. Depending on motherboard support, the current
biggest deciding factor when choosing your RAM. Industry maximum available for desktop systems is 128GB.
regulation from standardisation body JEDEC (more on that Of course, 128GB is far more than the average PC will
later) means that memory only comes in certain multiples: ever need today. RAM should be chosen based on the
2GB, 4GB, 8GB, and so on, doubling each time. requirements of the system, as it can be one of the more
For consumer use, the standard maximum capacity of expensive components of a fresh build, and it’s easy to
DDR4 chips is 1GB, due to limitations in transistor size, overspend on capacity that isn’t required. With that in
although a theoretical 2GB per chip is possible, so the mind, here’s our guide to how much RAM your system
largest commonly available capacity per DIMM slot is should need.
46 | | October 2019
Technolog
What’s the best RAM
Stepping back
through time
The concept of random-access memory
has been around since the 1940s,
although it didn’t exist in its current form
until 1968. When we talk about RAM
here, we mean DRAM – dynamic RAM
– the kind of memory you’re probably
familiar with: sticks that plug into
your motherboard and use binary
capacitors and transistors to
temporarily store readable data. Early
RAM worked differently, using
electrically charged spots on cathode
ray tubes or networks of magnetised
metal rings. The core principles remain
the same, though – the points of positive
or negative data could be read in any
order, therefore denoting them as
“random access.”
The current model of RAM, using
transistors to store data as combinations
of charges, came into commercial use in
1970 with the Intel 1103 chip. This
memory requires a constant supply of
electricity, with the minuscule charges on
the thousands of transistors needing to
be refreshed hundreds of times per
second. Unlike PC storage (traditional
hard drives and SSDs), RAM is volatile
– once the computer is powered off, the
charges dissipate, and any data is lost.
While non-volatile RAM does exist, it
tends to be too slow for normal memory
needs, and can suffer from other issues.
Modern DRAM uses solid-state
memory on silicon circuitry, unlike
the ceramic and magnetic components
of the Intel 1103. It functions in much the
same way, though, losing data once the
power is turned off. Nowadays, RAM is
used for a wide variety of computing
32GB 64GB+
functions, most commonly for graphical
tasks, be that rendering 3D objects in
real time in a game, or editing video
SRPH5$0NLWVKDYHJRWVLJQLÀFDQWO\ It wasn’t that long ago that the notion of footage. DRAM is found in more than
cheaper over the past year. In early 2018, putting 64GB in a desktop PC was faintly just the heatsink-equipped silicon sticks
32GB of DDR4 could set you back £500 ridiculous, in terms of both cost and you can buy in varying sizes and kits; it
or more, but prices have dropped by necessity. Today, though, 64GB of operates inside modern graphics cards,
around half since then. At the moment, high-speed RAM (over 3,000MT/s) can games consoles, even calculators.
a kit of four 8GB sticks should only set cost as little as £350, making it feasible
you back £150-£200, even at higher in a high-end system for gaming or
© THOMAS NGUYEN HTTPS://COMMONS.WIKIMEDIA.ORG/WIKI/
speeds, such as 3,600MT/s. With this new editing tasks. While 32GB modules are Say hello, Grandpa…
affordability in mind, 32GB (or more) available, we recommend a quad- This is the Intel 1103
chip, the precursor
becomes a more distinct option. If channel kit of four 16GB sticks; dual- to modern DRAM
you’re looking to edit 4K video, use 3D channel runs the risk of RAM as we know it.
rendering programs, or play high-end bottlenecks. 64GB will give any system
games at maximum graphical settings, serious oomph, and if you have money
you’ll want at least this much memory to to burn, 128GB is an option too. It’s hard
play with. For gaming purposes, 32GB to see where this would be required –
will be overkill for most modern games, advanced high-res videography, perhaps
but also serves to future-proof your – but the option exists. DDR5 promises
system. Again, if you’re rocking four 8GB to up that maximum to 256GB, which
modules, as opposed to two 16GB ones, will likely only serve a niche role for
make sure that you’ve got support for heavy data analysis tasks and video
quad-channel memory. processing in 8K and beyond.
October 2019 | | 47
Consult the motherboard
manual if you’re not sure
which slots to prioritise.
Speed racers
Memory speed can be complicated. Speed and frequency within a set period of time. This is calculated by
are often treated as interchangeable statistics, because multiplying the transfer speed (in T/s), the system
they are directly tied to each other. RAM, like many other memory bus (in bits), and the number of channels the
components, operates at a specific frequency. This memory is capable of accessing simultaneously. So, for
frequency represents the number of times per second a set of dual-channel DDR4-3000 memory running with
an individual transistor gate can open and close. With a CPU using a 64-bit bus, the channel bandwidth would
memory operating at, say, 1,000MHz, these transistors can be 3,000,000,000 x 64 x 2, which is 384,000,000,000 bits
cycle at a fairly nippy 1,000 million times per second. per second. A gigabyte per second equals to 8 billion
If you’re the memory-savvy type, though, you might be bits per second, so we end up with the far more palatable
more familiar with the MT/s figure than MHz. Shorthand for figure of 48GB/s. This is the absolute maximum data rate
megatransfers per second, MT/s was introduced as a metric that this system could achieve; attempts to do anything
for memory speed when DDR (double data rate) was first demanding faster transfers than this would result in
produced, because the newer format of memory was able memory bottlenecking.
to process data at twice the speed by registering a data Assuming that you’re not going to meddle too much
transfer on both the rise and fall of the clock cycle. with your CPU, that means that data transfer is determined d
Frustratingly, many manufacturers chose to ignore this by more than just memory speed. When choosing which
standard, meaning that current-generation memory quotes RAM to put in your system, consider the advantages of a
frequency figures that are double their true operating quad-channel kit over dual-channel (provided your CPU
frequency. If you examine memory speed using system supports it of course – most mainstream CPUs are
status analysis software, such as CPU-Z, you’ll find that resolutely dual-channel). To be fair, dual-channel memory
your 3,000MHz memory is actually running at around support represents a good standard for the average
1,500MHz. MT/s is technically the more accurate figure, but system, but quad-channel support effectively doubles
MHz is more widely used. your channel bandwidth, so if you’re using your system
Obviously, more speed is better. Commercially available for tasks that demand massive data transfers (such as 4K+
memory speeds have been rising steadily over the last few video editing, or large-scale texture production), four can
years, with the current DDR4 standard reaching as high as be the golden number.
4,800MHz (or MT/s, to be more precise). Higher speeds Channel support is tied to your motherboard, too. Many
reduce your real-world memory latency, and enable the high-end boards support quad-channel memory, but if
transfer of more data within a set period of time. This you’re considering a memory upgrade for a slightly older
enables superior performance in rendering functions and system, do bear in mind that your motherboard might onl y
other tasks, although not all processors are affected support dual-channel. Four DIMM slots is no guarantee of
equally. If you’re rocking an Intel CPU, you’ll find that quad-channel support; many four-slot boards have two
increasing your memory speed will have a far smaller primary slots (which logically should be A1 and B1, but are
impact than on an AMD processor. For now, then, capacity sometimes A1 and A2 or A2 and B2, depending on the
remains more important than frequency. manufacturer), which provide full dual-channel speeds.
Memory speed does affect another important feature This works both ways: Plug in only one stick of dual-
of your RAM, however. The channel bandwidth of any channel memory and you’ll get half the channel
memory kit is determined by memory speed; for those not bandwidth. Smaller motherboards, such as the ITX
in the know, the bandwidth is the maximum amount of format, have only two slots with dual-channel support,
data that can be transferred between the memory and CPU due to their layout specifications, even on X299.
48 | | October 2019
Technology
What’s the best RAM?
Quality control
The Joint Electron Device Engineering Council (JEDEC) is standard for GPUs). Some manufacturers (such as SK
the body responsible for maintaining industry standards Hynix) have confirmed that their DDR5 memory is
when it comes to numerous solid-state components, complete, and desktop DRAM modules should be
including RAM. With over 300 members, including available later this year. This next-gen memory will be
Microsoft, Intel, and Apple, JEDEC pools resources to push able to reach higher speeds than any units from DDR4,
hardware development forward. and draw less power per module, thanks to integrated
Its most important contribution to RAM standards is the voltage regulators.
adoption of a unified connection format for While it might sound like a minor improvement,
motherboards (the DIMM slot) to ensure compatibility, this shift in standards has implications beyond RAM
but that’s not all. Standards for data transfer rates and design. With voltage controlled on the memory sticks,
latencies are determined by JEDEC, so consumers choose motherboards will no longer require voltage regulators
between speeds such as DDR4-3000 and DDR4-3200, for RAM, which will enable manufacturers to focus on
instead of 3060, 3111, 3187, and so on. It’s simple enough other features, but could cause compatibility issues in
in principle, but these constraints ensure memory is easily the not-too-distant future. DDR5 will double the
put into straightforward brackets for our convenience. bandwidth available, so 128GB may become more
JEDEC’s members are also responsible for producing mainstream, and 256GB builds will become a possibility
new hardware within the RAM universe. The up and for high-end tweakers. Memory speeds will hit a
coming memory standard is DDR5, which was ratified in staggering new maximum at 6,400MT/s, the fastest
March 2017 (not to be confused with GDDR5, a memory available within the DDR5 spec.
October 2019 | | 49
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Technology
What’s the best RAM?
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L
ast month, EE rolled out the manufacturer? Apple isn’t doing 5G yet, incredibly detailed map of each of the
UK’s first 5G network, covering and we don’t expect to see it in this six cities where its 5G network is now
areas of London, Edinburgh, year’s iPhone, either. Apple tends to available (head over to www.ee.co.uk
Belfast, Birmingham, approach these things cautiously. and choose ‘Coverage Checker’ at the
Manchester and Cardiff. It just top). Before taking the plunge, it’s
beat rival network Vodafone to the What you need to know well worth scouring the map and
punch, with the red team launching its It’s useful to understand that 5G doesn’t checking that at least some of your
network on July 3rd. It means that we’ve outright replace 4G. Instead, it works in most frequently visited spots are
finally been able to test 5G in the real conjunction with the existing mobile included in the 5G-touting zone. EE
world. So after years of promises of network. In the busiest areas of the city will continually update the map as its
blisteringly fast speeds, low latency and during its most congested times, 5G network expands. But if your home
the potential to revolutionise everything devices should still be able to achieve and office aren’t in the right location, it
from medical treatment to automated much faster speeds because of the extra might be worth giving it a miss and
vehicles, and smart traffic lights to VR… headroom. Think of it like a clogged-up sticking with good ol’ 4G for now.
what is 5G like to use? motorway on a sunny bank holiday Annoyingly, our offices are slap-bang
To find out, we spent a week or so weekend, with nothing but bumper-to- in the middle of one such black hole,
wandering around the bustling streets boot traffic for miles – 5G is like an extra relegating our cutting-edge OnePlus 7
with a shiny new OnePlus 7 Pro 5G, motorway lane only you can drive in. Pro 5G to ye olde 4G network of yore at
the very first 5G-enabled handset to Well, you and any other early adopters our desks. Fortunately, it didn’t take
launch in the UK. Although the who have taken the plunge on a brand much of a walk before we were able to
Samsung Galaxy S10 5G, the LG V50 spanking-new 5G handset. pick-up a strong 5G signal, and the
ThinQ 5G and Oppo Reno 5G have since Unfortunately, that metaphorical 5G difference is immediate. When you’re
launched to join it, with the Xiaomi Mi motorway lane isn’t available on 5G, it’s brilliant. The speeds can be
Mix 3 close behind. everywhere. Even in London, where the ludicrously fast. Hilariously fast, in fact.
If that list sounds like it’s missing a 5G network is now available, there are But more often than not, they’re just
major manufacturer, that’s because it streets, stations and parks where there consistently great.
is. Plans to bring the Huawei Mate 20 X is absolutely no 5G coverage to be EE expects its customers to
5G and folding Mate X to EE have been found. So, as such – and if we can experience a boost in speeds of around
put on ice, following the revocation of stretch our clunky metaphor to breaking 100-150Mbps in the busiest areas. That
Huawei’s Android licence by Google, as point – don’t expect to always be able gives you speeds that are within the
part of the trade battle between the to rely on your 5G super-highway being theoretical top of the range of what can
IMAGE SOURCE: EE
US Government and China. Hopefully there – there’ll likely be swathes of your be achieved on 4G, but you never
we’ll see a return for them in the morning commute where you’ll be stuck actually manage it (even most home
future (especially the Mate X, which in traffic just like everyone else. broadband is nowhere near that). But
looks cool). Oh, and that other major Helpfully, EE has provided an with 5G we’re hitting them almost >>
56 | | October 2019
Technolog
5G beginner’s guid
Just like 4G before it, 5G requires whole new antennas at once, downloading streams of
masts and technology inside the phones to data from all corners. On your home Wi-Fi,
get it working. It’s a very different beast to 4G, MIMO doesn’t always reach its potential,
and this might make its roll-out across the since your actual internet connection may
country even more complex. bottleneck the speeds your network is
5G is based on shorter-range antennas that technologically capable of. But the 5G
blast data at higher frequencies. Those high antennas will be directly connected to giant
frequencies mean more information ÀEUHODQHVVRWKHVSHHGVFDQEHPDVVLYH
WUDQVPLWWHGSHUVHFRQGIDVWHUVSHHGVEXWWKH That’s why 5G connections even from the
signal peters out much more quickly. So a 5G VWDUWZLOOEHOLNHKDYLQJDÀEUHFRQQHFWLRQ
network means more, smaller, antennas set up at home. And, theoretically, 5G tech can go
in an area to provide coverage, which isn’t too much, much higher – in a test chamber that
hard in cities, but will make the highest-speed simulates the real world, EE has achieved
5G coverage in more rural areas a lot harder. 2.8Gbps (10 times faster than a 280Mbps
That’s the downside. The upside is that home broadband connection, which is
having more densely packed antennas offers DOUHDG\SUHWW\WRSWLHU
up a new option: MIMO. ‘Multiple input, 5G also massively reduces latency,
multiple output’ tech is already standard in which makes what you’re doing online
Wi-Fi, and it basically means using multiple feel faster too, because the network
antennas in both the router and your phone responds to your requests much quicker.
or computer to send data in multiple streams Big data connections can still seem slow
all at once, massively improving the total if latency is poor, much like a big car engine
transfer speed. So in the context of 5G, this that takes time to rev up. Things are a lot
means your phone can be talking to multiple snappier on 5G.
Because EE was WKH ÀUVW month, £10 up front, with Vodafone’s 5G budget to press, though Three’s
company out of the gate with 120GB of data, which even a option (as much as anything history of aggressive pricing
5G, it’s been setting the tone *FRQQHFWLRQZLOOÀQGKDUG LVEXGJHWLQ*LVWKH;LDRPL makes us think it won’t be
for 5G pricing. And you can to chew through in 30 days. Mi Mix 3 5G, and that will any more expensive than
expect that tone to be pretty Heading to the top of the start from £50 per month, £99 what we’re seeing from the
FRVWO\ IRU WKH ÀUVW JHQHUDWLRQ range, the Samsung S10 5G upfront, with a measly 5GB of other networks. That said, it’s
of 5G adopters. It’s not that starts from £69 per month, data. The £54 per month, £49 also promising to have the
you’ll be charged anything as with a cost of £130 up front, up front, 15GB option is much fastest 5G network of all (at
crude as an extra fee for and 10GB of data. It maxes more appealing, but there are OHDVWDWODXQFKVRZH
getting the full 5G speed out at £89 per month, with lots more expensive options. wouldn’t expect prices to be
experience, it’s just that all of £10 up front, and 120GB of Vodafone also has the bargain basement either.
the initial 5G phones are data once again. Samsung S10 5G, and that O2 is also a mystery, partly
top-of-the-line, so it’ll only be You can go SIM-only on starts from £58 per month, because it’s the network
the higher-end contract that EE as well, starting from £32 with £149 up front, and 5GB furthest away from launch.
includes 5G support (along per month with 20GB of of data. You can pay £4 more Given O2’s focus on building
ZLWK DOO WKH RWKHU EHQHÀWV data. This is about a tenner per month and £50 less up your perfect contract from
The OnePlus 7 Pro 5G will more than a 4G equivalent front to upgrade to 15GB of lots of modular options, we
set you back from £59 per contract, but EE then also data, or choose options wouldn’t be surprised to see
month at EE, with £170 up WKURZVLQH[WUDEHQHÀWVVXFK beyond that. 5G as an extra you can add on
front, for 10GB of data. The as BT Sport or roaming with We didn’t have any pricing for a monthly cost – but
max contract is £79 per 5G contracts. for Three at the time of going there’s no word on that yet.
October 2019 | | 57
Scotland
Now Soon 2020
5G IN 2019 Aberdeen
Edinburgh
Northern Ireland
Now Soon 2020
Belfast
North West
Now Soon 2020
Birkenhead
Blackpool
Bolton
Liverpool
Manchester
Warrington
West Midlands
Now Soon 2020
Birmingham
Coventry
Stoke-on-Trent
Bristol
Wales
Now Soon 2020 Gloucester
Newcastle
Sunderland
Yorkshire/Humber
Now Soon 2020
Bradford
Hull
Leeds
Rotherham
Sheffield
East Midlands
Leicester
Nottingham
>>
P’borough
constantly. Just reaching those some Android apps that were
speeds in the busiest areas is clearly dumbfounded by the
hugely impressive. internet speeds suddenly available
to them.
Instant impact For example, if you scrub forward
London Connecting to a 5G signal means in a YouTube video – well past what
you’ll be able to instantly refresh has already buffered – there’s no
Now Soon 2020 your social media feeds, plan a pause as the phone catches up and
route on Google Maps, or nip to loads the next part of the clip. It
London the front of the queue in that just plays immediately. However,
all-important Ticketmaster pre-sale, since Android apps are so used to
all while around you people with making people wait to buffer,
4G handsets are gawping at there’s a grey filter applied on top
endless loading animations while of the video – which is usually used
South East their apps grind to a halt, cutting to indicate that it’s loading – even
off their videos in the middle of though the clip is already playing.
Now Soon 2020 someone’s sentence. Likewise, by default, the YouTube
Brighton
Of course, it’s not just about app only loads two dozen or so
consistency. If you’re in the right search results, so you’ll find
Cambridge place at the right time, 5G handsets yourself hitting the bottom of the
can blast past the upper limit of list and having to refresh quite
Guildford what can be achieved on 4G, which often. This is a (sensible) decision
tops out at a (very) theoretical limit from the app maker, because >>
Portsmouth around 300Mbps. We were seeing
speeds that put home fibre
Milton connections to shame, but that
fluctuates as you move between
5G HANDSETS CAN
Newbury phone towers.
In our time with 5G, the OnePlus
BLAST PAST THE
Reading 7 Pro 5G sped past 400Mbps on
occasions. That’s fast! In fact, it’s so UPPER LIMIT OF
fast that app creators will need to
Slough
update their software to take WHAT CAN BE
S’hampton advantage of these new speeds
– we noticed a few quirks with ACHIEVED ON 4G
October 2019 | | 59
IMAGE SOURCE: ONEPLUS
ONCE YOU’VE TRIED it’s definitely worth checking all of
these out before you cough up anything
5G, REVERTING EVEN just yet.
If you’re always tethering your phone
to work remotely on your laptop, these
TO 4G FEELS LIKE A speeds could drastically boost your
workflow. After all, and location
CLEAR STEP BACK permitting, you’ll basically have a fibre
broadband connection in your pocket
of the early adopters of 5G, it’s at any time. Complex web apps, file
something you’ll need to get used to. It downloads, server access… basically all
doesn’t feel like a huge setback, but it’s of those things we tend to dread doing
a small bump in a smoother experience. on the current 4G networks, feel totally
At least one thing you won’t have to fine on 5G. If the map works for you, 5G
get used to is poor battery life – is a worthy upgrade for mobile
something that people were terrified productivity right now.
would be the case with the new network Similarly, if you just want to ensure
>> technology ahead of its launch. In our that there’s never any stutter as you flit
defaulting to loading up 100 or so time with the OnePlus 7 Pro 5G, it didn’t between Spotify tracks, or want a
video results every time you search for get uncomfortably warm, and didn’t mobile connection that enables you to
something on YouTube would cause any burn through battery as it hit 5G speeds download a movie in the last few
device on typical 4G to spit feathers. any worse than we’d expect to see when seconds before you board a long-haul
It may take a while for app creators to doing the same things on 4G. flight, as opposed to pre-planning and
start tweaking their apps to take full That pretty much sums up 5G in the doing it all at home the night before, 5G
advantage of the seriously impressive UK right now. It can be preposterously is ready if you’re in the right spot.
new speeds available to some handsets, fast, while other times it can just be For most people, buying into the
since it will only be a small number of enough that your phone doesn’t grind UK’s first 5G networks is, admittedly, a
excited early adopters for a while – but to a halt along with everyone else’s bit of a luxury, but who doesn’t love a
hopefully Google can get the big names when you’re in a busy train station. 5G bit of luxury? It’s definitely something
working on it. is available in the busiest areas, but it that, once you’ve tried it, reverting
Like any new technology, there will might not be available in your home, even to 4G feels like a clear step
be a teething period while apps are your office, or your favourite local coffee backwards. And what could be a
updated and settings are tweaked… shop even if your city is covered better sign that 5G is in fact a big
so if you’re thinking of becoming one generally. So, as we mentioned earlier, and worthwhile update than that?
60 | | October 2019
Technology
5G beginner’s guide
ONEPLUS 7 PRO 5G
From £79/month, www.oneplus.com
The 7 Pro is OnePlus’ most technically- There’s a triple rear camera that
advanced phone ever, and that was offers standard wide-angle, ultra-wide
before OnePlus made one with 5G. and 3x optical zoom lenses. A
The company decided to try its hand good-size battery and Snapdragon
at making a high-end handset (rather 855 processor make the entire affair
than bringing high-end features to the run incredibly fast and last well. The
PLGUDQJH VHFWRU DQG LW·V D VHULRXVO\ very light tweaks that OnePlus applies
good spec list. to Android help here – it feels like
Leading the technological charge is you’re getting the pure Google
the huge 6.67-inch OLED screen, which experience, even though there are a
not only includes HDR10+ support for few handy extras. That said, it is
TV-level movie viewing, but also has a missing some small features that you
+] VFUHHQ 7KLV LV WKH ÀUVW WLPH DQ\ get from the likes of Samsung.
OLED phone has had a screen faster
than 60Hz, and it makes using the REASONS TO BUY Buttery smooth
phone look incredibly slick as you’re screen; seriously top-end
scrolling and switching around. performance; great design and
BHKLQG WKH VFUHHQ LV D ÀQJHUSULQW colour options.
IMAGE SOURCE: ONEPLUS
Unlike the OnePlus 7 Pro above, is the only S10 to feature Live focus
this isn’t just a version of the regular video at all, let alone on both the
S10 with a 5G chip inside. It’s a front and back of the phone.
subtly different phone that sits at There’s an ultrasonic (and highly
the top of the S10 range, above DFFXUDWHÀQJHUSULQWVFDQQHUKLGGHQ
even the elite Samsung S10+. It in the screen, and a huge 4,500mAh
has the biggest screen of Samsung’s battery built behind it. Oddly, there’s
current range, with a 6.7-inch no microSD card slot here (unlike all
OLED display (compared to 6.4 RWKHU6PRGHOVEXWWKHUHLVWKH
LQFKHVRQWKH6DQGD option of 512GB of storage.
resolution of 3040x1440, plus It’s all run by Samsung’s new One
HDR10+ video support. UI Android overlay, which we’re big
Embedded in the display is fans of: it’s sleek, modern, easy to
Samsung’s most advanced forward- use, and doesn’t feel like it’s
facing camera yet, including one weighing the phone down.
lens for taking the image, and an
extra dual camera for 3D sensing REASONS TO BUY Unique Live
that enables the ‘Live photo’ portrait focus video option; highest-end
mode blur not only in photos, but Samsung model around; great One
IMAGE SOURCE: SAMSUNG
October 2019 | | 61
OPPO RENO 5G
From £49/month, www.oppo.com
The absence of Huawei from the that actually looks kind of cool. The
initial 5G race provides a big opening screen itself is a 6.6-inch OLED affair,
to its Chinese rival Oppo, especially and Oppo doesn’t list any HDR
given the similarities between the support currently. Oppo has its own
camera systems on the Reno and ColorOS overlay for Android, which
recent Huawei phones. we have only had limited time with so
Those who have been looking at far, but we haven’t been as impressed
WKH33URZLOOÀQGWKH[K\EULG with it as operating systems from
lossless zoom here familiar – it’s Samsung or OnePlus.
pretty much exactly the same The 4,000mAh battery is average
system. A 5x telephoto lens for this generation of 5G phones,
combines beautifully with a 48MP and there’s 256GB of storage (plus a
main wide-angle lens to take shots PLFUR6'FDUGVORW,W·VDOLWWOHWKicker
with a 10x zoom that look just as if than some rivals, too.
you had a real 10x lens. But without a
massive tube sticking out of your REASONS TO BUY Lower-priced but
phone. There’s also an 8MP ultra- great specs; those 10x zoom cameras
wide camera. are a real game-changer; microSD
Once again, here you have an card slot.
LQVFUHHQÀQJHUSULQWUHDGHUDQGOLNH
with the OnePlus, there’s no notch or REASONS TO AVOID No waterproof
hole for the front camera: it pops out rating; no HDR rating on screen;
the top in a hinged, triangular unit software not yet proven in our eyes.
LG V50 THINQ 5G
From £64/month, www.lg.com
62 | | October 2019
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ǔɎƺȸ Ɏǝƺɀƺ ǣɀɀɖƺɀً ɀɎƏȇƳƏȸƳ ɀɖƫɀƬȸǣȵɎǣȒȇ ȵȸǣƬǣȇǕ ɯǣǼǼ ƏȵȵǼɵ ٫ ȵǼƺƏɀƺ ɀƺƺ ȒȇǼǣȇƺ ǔȒȸ ƳƺɎƏǣǼɀِ Áǝƺ ƫǣǕǕƺɀɎ ɀƏɮǣȇǕɀ Əȸƺ ƬȒȅȵƏȸƺƳ ɯǣɎǝ Ɏǝƺ ȒɮƺȸɀƺƏɀ ««¨ِ IȒȸ ƏǼǼ ɀƏɮǣȇǕɀ ƳƺɎƏǣǼɀ ɀƺƺ
ȒȇǼǣȇƺ Ȓǔǔƺȸ ȵƏǕƺِ çȒɖ ƬƏȇ ɯȸǣɎƺ ɎȒ ɖɀ Ȓȸ ƬƏǼǼ ɖɀ ɎȒ ƬƏȇƬƺǼ ɵȒɖȸ ɀɖƫɀƬȸǣȵɎǣȒȇ ɯǣɎǝǣȇ גƳƏɵɀ Ȓǔ ȵɖȸƬǝƏɀƺِ ¨ƏɵȅƺȇɎ ǣɀ ȇȒȇٮȸƺǔɖȇƳƏƫǼƺ ƏǔɎƺȸ Ɏǝƺ גƳƏɵ ƬƏȇƬƺǼǼƏɎǣȒȇ ȵƺȸǣȒƳ ɖȇǼƺɀɀ
ƺɴƬƺȵɎǣȒȇƏǼ ƬǣȸƬɖȅɀɎƏȇƬƺɀ ƏȵȵǼɵِ çȒɖȸ ɀɎƏɎɖɎȒȸɵ ȸǣǕǝɎɀ Əȸƺ ȇȒɎ ƏǔǔƺƬɎƺƳِ ¨ȸǣƬƺɀ ƬȒȸȸƺƬɎ ƏɎ ȵȒǣȇɎ Ȓǔ ȵȸǣȇɎ ƏȇƳ ɀɖƫǴƺƬɎ ɎȒ ƬǝƏȇǕƺِ IɖǼǼ ƳƺɎƏǣǼɀ Ȓǔ Ɏǝƺ (ǣȸƺƬɎ (ƺƫǣɎ ǕɖƏȸƏȇɎƺƺ Əȸƺ
ƏɮƏǣǼƏƫǼƺ ɖȵȒȇ ȸƺȷɖƺɀɎِ Èk ƬƏǼǼɀ ɯǣǼǼ ƬȒɀɎ Ɏǝƺ ɀƏȅƺ Əɀ ȒɎǝƺȸ ɀɎƏȇƳƏȸƳ ˡɴƺƳ Ǽǣȇƺ ȇɖȅƫƺȸɀ ٢ɀɎƏȸɎǣȇǕ Ȓȸ א٣ Ȓȸ Əȸƺ ǣȇƬǼɖƳƺƳ Əɀ ȵƏȸɎ Ȓǔ Əȇɵ ǣȇƬǼɖɀǣɮƺ Ȓȸ ǔȸƺƺ ȅǣȇɖɎƺɀ
ƏǼǼȒɯƏȇƬƺɀ ٢ǣǔ ȒǔǔƺȸƺƳ ƫɵ ɵȒɖȸ ȵǝȒȇƺ ɎƏȸǣǔǔ٣ِ IȒȸ ǔɖǼǼ Ɏƺȸȅɀ ƏȇƳ ƬȒȇƳǣɎǣȒȇɀ ȵǼƺƏɀƺ ɮǣɀǣɎ يƫǣɎِǼɵٖȅƏǕɎƏȇƳƬِ
ǔǔƺȸ ƺȇƳɀ Ɏǝ
ƬɎȒƫƺȸ ِחא
WINDOWS HELP HARDWARE FIXES SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS INTERNET TIPS
Data loss
LOCAL ACCOUNTS
RECOVER FILES FROM
You can still create
DELETED USER ACCOUNT
local accounts in Q After creating a new user
Windows 10. account to fix a problem, I
64 | | October 2019
FIND THE SOLUTION! Troubleshoot blue-screen errors
Support
Visit http://support.microsoft.com/kb/14238 for a comprehensive
guide to diagnosing and fixing major system crashes. Technical help
PAUSE UPDATES
Windows 10 Quickfire questions
allows you
to pause or
delay updates. What’s the quickest way to add
some kind of dividing line to
my Word documents?
Carlita Smyth
Type three dashes and press
Enter to create a solid line, or
three asterisks and hit Enter to
produce a dotted line instead.
Windows
TROUBLE AFTER
INSTALLING UPDATE
Q Since Windows 10 foisted a
Cumulative Update on me in
July, my PC has started exhibiting
all kinds of strange behaviour: it
re-enabled my Wi-Fi adapter,
which I’d disabled as I use a wired
connection, and now sound has
stopped working. Should I roll
things back?
Vera Prince
October 2019 | | 65
drive-imaging tool like Macrium,
Quickfire questions roll back using that.
Return to the Windows Update
I thought I’d changed an online screen and click ‘Pause Updates’ to
password using BitWarden, but prevent Windows reinstalling the
it won’t recognise my new Cumulative Update immediately.
password. How do I get the You’ll need to do this every seven
old password back? days up to a maximum of 35 days;
Henry Lyons Windows 10 Pro users can also
Log into vault.bitwarden.com click Advanced Options and
in your browser, then click the automatically delay so-called
login item to access its main ‘quality updates’ for up to 30 days,
page. Look for ‘Password ensuring any future glitchy updates
history’ at the bottom of the are spotted before they make their
window – click the number way onto your PC.
to view your previously
saved passwords. Email
ARCHIVE GMAIL OFFLINE
After saving a Paint.NET Q I’m running out of space in my
multi-layered file in PNG Google account and realise
format, the original PDN file is I’ve got thousands of Gmail RESET SPOTLIGHT Windows
closed and replaced with the messages clogging up the system. You’ll need
PowerShell
WINDOWS SPOTLIGHT
PNG. How can I save having to Rather than deleting them all access to reset
SCREEN STUCK
manually, is there some way I can
open the original file again? the lock screen. Q My Windows 10 laptop used
Mike Brown back up them up offline and then to rotate the picture that
delete them to free up space? showed on the lock screen on an
After saving, simply choose Andrew Parkhurst occasional basis, but for the past
Edit > Undo (or press Ctrl + Z) few weeks it’s been stuck on the
– this will undo the flattening Cat’s solution same screen. How do I fix this?
process to leave you with your The solution lies in Lena Howard
multi-layered original image downloading and
again, ready for further editing. running MailStore Home Carrie’s solution
(www.mailstore.com), a portable This could be down to
Can I back up my File tool designed to archive email from several things – first,
History backup? a variety of email clients and online take a trip to Settings >
Polly Fairhurst sources, including Gmail. After Privacy > Background apps and
You should be able to use a file opening it for the first time, choose confirm both Background Apps,
sync or backup tool to create a Archive E-mail and follow the and more specifically Settings, are
fail-safe backup of the File prompts depending on your both allowed to run in the
History folder, which you’ll webmail address or email client. background. If this is the case, head
find on the root directory of We recommend choosing to over to Personalisation > Lock
whichever drive you back archive – and delete – all messages Screen and verify Windows
up to, named after your before a certain date. After you’ve Spotlight is selected under the
Windows username, to run the task for the first time, you’ll Background drop-down menu.
any other location. be able to browse and search your Assuming it is, type “powershell”
archive for emails using the tools into the Search box and click Run as
supplied, plus restore them to administrator. Now type the
Gmail if the need arises. Be sure to following command – all on one
add the MailStore folder, which line – and hit Enter:
contains your downloaded emails, Get-AppxPackage -allusers
to your backup. *ContentDeliveryManager* |
SHARE YOUR PC
STARTUP ROUTINE
WITH OTHERS
Q I believe a start-up item is
causing my PC problems.
How can I diagnose this with
someone else’s help?
Karen Fraser
66 | | October 2019
Support
Technical help
foreach {Add-AppxPackage “$($_. conversion tool (browse to the Mayank’s solution
InstallLocation)\appxmanifest.xml” parent folder, then select MusicBee There are three critical
-DisableDevelopmentMode > Tools > Convert Format to components: processor,
-register } convert to MP3). Voice commands RAM and storage. Look
This will reset Windows Spotlight. also rely on music files being for a processor offering at least six Do you have
Restart and it should hopefully start correctly ‘tagged’ with metadata cores, such as the latest AMD Ryzen a PC problem?
working again. – Windows Media Player and 5 or Intel Core i5. If your budget Get in touch…
MusicBee should add this while stretches to around £200, look at Email full details of
Hardware ripping, but you can verify and the AMD Ryzen 7 2700 chip, which your problem to the
USB MUSIC FOR THE CAR edit metadata using MP3Tag offers eight cores – enough to run support team and we’ll
WITHOUT A CD PLAYER (www.mp3tag.de/en/) if necessary. two dual-core virtual machines do our best to help:
windowsmagazine@
Q Most new vehicles no longer while retaining four cores for your
futurenet.com
have a CD player. My car has a Hardware main Windows installation.
USB port into which I’m supposed VIRTUAL MACHINE When it comes to RAM, install as Or write to the support
to plug in a media device, HARDWARE UPGRADES much as you can afford: 16GB team and we’ll do
controlling it with the media/music would give 4GB to each virtual our best to help:
Q I’m looking to purchase or Support Squad,
app on the dash console. upgrade my PC specifically machine while reserving 8GB for
I have dozens of CDs I wish to rip for the purposes of running a your main PC, but 32GB would Windows Help &
to a thumb drive to play them in couple of virtual machines so I can obviously double those figures. Advice magazine,
my vehicle. I want to see the exact continue to run older applications. And finally, purchase SSD storage Future Publishing Ltd,
same design, background and What sort of hardware spec should (512GB can be had for under £60) to Quay House, The
playlist as though I were playing a I be looking for? ensure your VMs can run at Ambury, Bath
BA1 1AU
CD in VLC on my PC. I need each Pete Stuart maximum speed.
CD to show up separately, so the
tracks aren’t jumbled together.
How can I do this?
Gerald Gibson
Jargon buster!
Virtual machine
A complete computer system
– including its hardware,
operating system and software
– that is emulated in software,
often for the purposes of
running older OSes for
compatibility purposes.
3 Export summary
If you need to share your start-up
4 Zip and send
The uncompressed file is rather
Processor core
An individual processor
entries – say with us at Support Squad large – locate it, right-click and choose within a multi-core CPU.
– then choose ‘File > Save’ to save a report ‘Send to > Compressed (zipped) folder’. The more cores a processor
to your Documents folder. Again this can Once done, open your email client and has, the more tasks it can
take some time, so be patient. Once done, attach the zip file to your message asking process simultaneously.
close Autoruns. for help.
October 2019 | | 67
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WINDOWS 10 TIPS
Windows 10
FEATURES EXPLAINED NEW TIPS AND TRICKS
Welcome )HDʤʦʢʖQɒ
If you’re having 70 Repair your 72 A full, destructive 74 Other reinstall
problems with your Windows installation Windows install options for your PC
PC, many of them
can be solved by
performing a repair
or reinstall of the operating
system – whether you’re
running Windows 7, 8.1 or 10.
On page 70 we’ll show you
how to set about repairing your
existing Windows installation
– it will leave your existing apps,
files and settings in place, but
can work wonders if Windows
has got its knickers in a twist.
Our guide to a full, destructive
reinstall on page 72 is more
drastic, but can sometimes be
the best way to fix your PC.
And on page 74 we’ll reveal
some other reinstallation
options for you to try. FIX WINDOWS
UPDATE ERRORS
Matt Hanson – SEE PAGE 32
Associate Editor
www.facebook.com/windowsmag
October 2019 | | 69
Repair a Windows install
,I\RX¶UHWU\LQJWR¾[DSUREOHPDUHIUHVKRUUHSDLULQVWDOOPD\EHWKH
EHVWURXWHWRJRGRZQ+HUH¶VZKDW\RXQHHGWRGR«
ot all reinstalls require a
N
complete wipe of your
hard drive. A repair or
refresh installation
leaves your programs,
settings and files in
place, and restricts itself to installing a
fresh copy of your Windows files over
the top of your existing copy. If your
problem is linked to a corrupt file or
Windows setting, the repair installation
can usually fix it.
All repair installs share one common
characteristic: you must launch them
from Windows itself. You can’t boot
from your install media and repair
Windows through that; you need to
boot into Windows, then start the repair
process from there. If you’re unable to
boot into Windows, therefore, you’ll
Windows 10 users can launch a repair install directly from the Media Creation Tool.
need to skip to page 72 and perform a
full destructive recovery instead.
similar non-destructive reinstall to the laborious task of first attempting
Start the repair Refresh/Reset with the added bonus to uninstall Service Pack 1 through
Starting a repair install varies depending that your apps – including those you’ve Windows Update (assuming that you’re
on your PC model and what version of installed outside of the Microsoft Store able to), then reinstalling Windows and
Windows you’re running. Windows 8.1 – will be preserved. To do so, you’ll need
Post-repair steps
Start by stress-testing your see you waving goodbye to all
desktop to verify that those desktop programs you’ve
everything works as it should LQVWDOOHGLQFOXGLQJ062IÀFH
– sometimes the repair can and your third-party security
introduce more problems than software), but it will preserve
it solves, in which case if you’re \RXU0LFURVRIW6WRUHDSSVÀOHV
running Windows 8.1 or 10 you and Windows settings. Leave
can undo the changes. Go to your install media inserted,
Start > Settings > ‘Update & then head over to the ‘Update
recovery’ > Recovery and look & recovery’ > Recovery section
for an option to go back to under Settings. This time, click
your previous version – click the ‘Get started’ button under
‘Get started’ and then follow the Refresh (Windows 8.1) or
the prompts. Reset (Windows 10) option
If the repair doesn’t appear and follow the prompts.
WRÀ[\RXUXQGHUO\LQJSUREOHP If this more drastic approach
Windows 8.1 and 10 users can doesn’t work, or you’re running
take one more intermediate Windows 7, then to page 72 for
step – the reset or repair. It will destructive reinstall options. Windows 8.1 and 10 users can perform a more drastic repair install via
the Reset or Refresh option – be warned, you’ll lose your desktop apps.
70 | | October 2019
Basi
5HSDLUD:LQGRZVLQVW
then downloading and reinstalling
Service Pack 1, along with all of your
other updates.
Windows 10 users can also launch the
repair process directly from the Media
Creation Tool by choosing Upgrade
when prompted, but given the amount
of time it takes to download the files,
you might as well create your install
media instead – just in case the upgrade
install doesn’t work and you decide to
go down the path of a full-blown
destructive install.
“Start by seeing if the specific issue settings (if they appear); make sure you
review all settings to lock down privacy.
has been solved, then check to see If all goes well, you should find
yourself at the desktop, ready to see if
that the rest of Windows still works” your problem has been fixed – start by
seeing if the specific issue that you were
experiencing before has been solved,
files and apps’ in the case of Windows The upgrade process can take up then check to see that the rest of
10 (don’t worry, in this circumstance, to an hour on whichever version of Windows still works as it should – if it’s
‘apps’ also applies to any desktop Windows you’re repairing, even on the not, follow the advice in the ‘Post-repair
programs that you have installed). fastest machine, so be patient. Your PC steps’ box on the facing page. There’s
Windows 7 users need to pop in their will reboot several times. If you’re also a possibility – particularly with
install media, double-click setup.exe reinstalling Windows 7, you’ll be Windows 7 – that the repair install will
and follow the regular reinstall process. prompted to enter your product key result in a non-booting PC. If this
When prompted, click ‘Go online to get again, so have it handy. happens, dig out the rescue media you
the latest updates for installation Windows 8.1 and 10 will relaunch with created using Macrium Reflect Free (see
(recommended)’ to download post-SP1 the same setup wizard you’d see when page 51 of issue 146 for how to do this)
security fixes now, then accept the upgrading from an earlier version of and use it to restore the drive image you
licence agreement and choose Windows. It’s all very straightforward, took before embarking on the repair.
Upgrade when prompted. but don’t skip through the Express Then turn the page for more options.
October 2019 | | 71
A full, destructive reinstall
,I\RX¶UHORRNLQJWRZLSHWKHVODWHFOHDQRUQHHGWRUHFRYHUIURPPDMRU
LVVXHVWKHQXFOHDURSWLRQLVDOZD\VWKHEHVWRQH
einstalling Windows
R
from scratch – namely,
wiping your system drive
to install a fresh version
of Windows on to it – is
the ultimate choice for
anyone looking to revive a slow PC or
resolve a major, non-hardware issue.
Here we’ll step you through the entire
process – if you’re simply looking to
repair an existing Windows install, turn
to our guide on page 70.
Before you begin, make sure your PC
is fully backed up by following the ‘Back
up Windows 10’ tutorial on page 43 of
issue 148. A full reinstall really is
destructive – nothing left on your C
drive will exist once you’ve finished.
If you’d like to transfer selected
program settings from old installation to
Windows 10 users can launch a repair install directly from the Media Creation Tool.
new, download the portable CloneApp
tool (www.mirinsoft.com) to your
backup drive. Once complete launch the target version of Windows. This will START YOUR REINSTALL
tool by right-clicking CloneApp.exe and ensure a cleaner, more up-to-date A full destructive reinstall should
choosing ‘Run as administrator’ and go installation from the off. always be started by booting from your
through its list of 247 supported apps to It’s also worth sourcing networking installation media, be it a DVD or USB
see if yours are there. If any are, tick the and graphics drivers now rather than
72 | | October 2019
Basi
$IXOOGHVWUXFWLYHLQVW
flash drive. Check the step-by-step
guide on page 71 for some pointers.
The reinstall process doesn’t differ
much across Windows 7, 8.1 or 10.
You’ll be asked to verify your language,
location and keyboard are set correctly,
then it’s a case of clicking Install Now. If
prompted, enter your product key or
click Skip if you’re running Windows 10
on a PC you upgraded during the free
period. When asked what type of
installation you wish to perform,
choose the Custom option.
Next comes the trickiest part of the
process. A list of drives and partitions
will appear – you need to select the one
Windows is currently installed on. By
default, it should be detected and
selected, but verify it’s correct before
clicking Format (click the advanced
Drive Options button if it’s not visible).
Click ‘OK’, then once formatted, verify
the drive is still selected and click Next.
You’ll see a checklist of tasks to be
performed – sit back and wait. When Make sure you’ve got network and graphics drivers sourced.
Windows reboots, you may a ‘press any
October 2019 | | 73
Other reinstall options
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SDUWLWLRQGRZQJUDGH:LQGRZVDQGVHWXSDGXDOERRWV\VWHP
o far, we’ve covered
S
both traditional reinstall
techniques, but there
are other reasons –
and methods – for
reinstalling Windows.
First up is the recovery option. Most
pre-built PCs come with a built-in
manufacturer’s recovery partition that
enables you to restore Windows to its
factory shipped condition. The main
advantage of this method – aside from
being cheaper and easier for the
manufacturer, of course – is that your PC
is restored to a guaranteed working
state, with all the drivers it needs to
function. The downsides are that a lot
of extra unwanted software is usually
installed alongside Windows, you need
to exercise extreme caution not to lose Fetch the drivers for whichever
version of Windows you install.
everything on the drive, and that if the
recovery partition corrupts – typically
due to hardware failure – you’re left Windows, restoring that version should feature. Second, disable Secure Boot.
with no means of reinstalling Windows. be straightforward in the sense you can And finally, look for a CSM (Compatibility
If you’re planning to reinstall Windows use your manufacturer’s recovery Support Module) option and make sure
by this method, look for a prompt to partition if it still holds the original it’s enabled. All three settings need to
start recovery when you first boot version, or you can try installing from an be made to support Windows 7 – if you
Windows or look for the option under old, unused copy of Windows 7 or 8.1 can’t find them, consult with your PC or
the ‘Advanced start-up’ menu (see – just follow the guides to preparing motherboard manufacturer.
below) – consult your computer’s and reinstalling Windows earlier on in Once done, you should find you’re
documentation or manufacturer’s this feature. Do source the correct able to boot from your Windows 7
website for details. Remember that most drivers for your PC first, though, and installation media, enabling you to
recovery options are fully destructive, so verify that your new software is revert to the earlier copy of Windows.
be sure to have backed up your system backwards compatible (desktop apps
before you begin – and that includes should be, but Microsoft Store apps SET UP A DUAL-BOOT PC
creating a complete drive image. won’t work in Windows 7, and some may Our final scenario is one where you
not work in Windows 8.1 either). install two versions of Windows side-by-
DOWNGRADE WINDOWS
Another reason to reinstall Windows is “If you’re pining for Windows 7 or 8.1, Image credits (left to right), HP, AOMEI Software, ASRock, Microsoft
to revert to an earlier version. If you’re
pining for Windows 7 or 8.1, then it’s
usually possible to downgrade your
it’s usually possible to downgrade
copy of Windows – remember support
for Windows 7 ends in January 2020,
your copy of Windows”
and Windows 8.1 in January 2023. Before If your PC came with Windows 8.1 or side. This is a step for advanced users
reaching for your old Windows media, 10 preinstalled, then going back to only, and if you’re merely planning to
however, you need to do some Windows 7 will be trickier and possibly install an older version of Windows
homework first. even impossible. Before embarking on next to Windows 10 for compatibility
First, if you upgraded your PC to this, check the web to see if others have purposes, explore alternative options,
Windows 10 from an older version of had similar success. You’ll need to namely setting up a virtual Windows 7
source your own Windows 7 installation machine using a tool such as VirtualBox
media and valid licence, and you’ll (www.virtualbox.org), which runs inside
almost certainly need to have access to your main Windows installation.
your PC’s UEFI settings – if Fast Boot is If you are determined to dual-boot
enabled, open Settings > ‘Update & your setup, the step-by-step guide on
recovery’ and click ‘Restart now’ under the facing page covers the process of
‘Advanced start-up’. When prompted, installing an older version of Windows
select Troubleshoot > Advanced alongside your current one.
Options > UEFI Firmware Settings. Before you begin also make sure you
Once inside your PC’s UEFI settings take a fail-safe drive image using
Look under the ‘Advanced start-up’ you need to locate and change three Macrium Reflect Free and be sure to
menu for factory restore options.
settings. First, disable the Fast Boot create the rescue media, too.
74 | | October 2019
Set up a dual-boot PC
October 2 | 75
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October 2019 | | 77
Gigabyte Aorus 15-SA
From £1,400 | $1,500 www.gigabyte.com
This new gaming portable punches above its weight
W
hat’s the right recipe for a a fair wad of cash. But pretty sharp feels reasonably robust with the
great gaming laptop? It when you consider how easy it is to exception of the flimsy screen lid.
starts with a fast GPU and spec high-end gaming portables Style-wise, it’s obviously a gaming
a solid CPU. Then you want a great up to double that money and far, laptop, with bevelled geometry
display. These days that means a far beyond. and an RGB-backlit keyboard. But it
quality LCD panel, probably based Our review model rocks in at doesn’t shove that down your
on IPS technology, with a triple- about £1,400 ($1,500), but spec it throat. It’s sober enough to not
digit refresh rate. up with an Nvidia RTX 2060 GPU look ridiculous in a professional
Then add plenty of fast RAM and and keep the specs otherwise context, let’s put it that way.
a quick SSD with enough space for identical, and you’ll need to cough At just a little under an inch thick
a decent games library. Oh, and if up another £300 ($350). it’s in the moderately thin and light
it is all packaged up in a nice- Trim it out with an RTX 2070 and notebook category, while the slim
looking chassis with fairly portable a 240Hz panel and you’re looking at bezels on three sides of the display
proportions and decent battery life, over £1,800. Ouch. Sub-£1,500, the help keep the rest of the
that would be nice, too. Auros 15 feels like decent value, proportions in check and also
It’s a lot to ask. And when you get despite its plastic chassis. At over ensure the Gigabyte Aorus 15 looks
the right answer, the price attached £1,800, it’s a whole different story. up to date. Nothing dates a laptop
to it is usually megabucks. But not like fat bezels.
with the new Gigabyte Aorus 15. It’s Design for life Features-wise, the Aorus 15 has it
a 15.6-inch gaming portable with As specified, the Gigabyte Aorus 15 pretty much nailed given the price
Images : Gigabyte
Nvidia GeForce GTX 1660 Ti cuts a reasonable design dash. point. The most critical component
graphics card, a six-core Intel CPU, Given the specs including that is the Nvidia GeForce GTX 1660 Ti
and a 144Hz panel. six-core Intel chip and speedy graphics chip. It’s the most
So, it definitely ticks several of Nvidia GPU, you can forgive the powerful non-RTX Nvidia chip, and
those boxes – we’ll find out all-plastic chassis. is well-matched to the 15.6-inch
momentarily if it can manage all of It’s mostly a problem in terms of LCD panel. Based on IPS
them. It sneaks in under £1,500, still ambience, rather than build, as it technology, it sports a 1080p
78 | | October 2019
Upgrade
Gigabyte Aorus 15-SA
KEY FEATURES
Gigabyte Aorus 15-SA
Supplier Gigabyte
Operating system Windows 10
Processor Intel Core-i7 9750H
Storage 2xM2, 1xSATA
RAM 16GB
Graphics Nvidia GTX 1660Ti
Connectivity Wi-Fi AC, Ethernet,
Bluetooth V5.0 + LE
Weight 4.14kg
Screen size 15.6-inch
Display resolution 1920x1080 144Hz
October 2019 | | 79
LG Gram 14 2-in-1
£1,200 | $1,500 www.lg.com
So versatile, there’s little it can’t do in the home or the office
L
G’s Gram 14 2-in-1 looks and configurations pushing the total lag when rotating the display
works just like a standard price up. between the various modes and
laptop. And with a quick The 2-in-1 model comes with a switching to Windows 10’s tablet
rotation of the display, it converts Wacom AES 2.0 Pen and will mode. It was nearly instantaneous,
into a tablet. Inside each box is a convert to a tablet when the screen as we would hope.
stylus, driving home the point that is rotated nearly 360 degrees. For
LG views the Gram 14 2-in-1 as an artists or those who want more Design and display
ultraportable device that can bend than a regular ol’ laptop, the 2-in-1 The outside of the Gram 14 2-in-1 is
and fold to the will of its users. is where it’s at. somewhat boring. The dark silver
The Gram 14 2-in-1 weighs very Inside the Gram 14 2-in-1 we housing is plain, outside of the
little, has a respectable spec sheet, have for testing is an Intel Core silver Gram logo on the back of the
and is reasonably priced. But, as i7-8565 CPU, Intel HD Graphics 620, lid. After opening the lid, you’ll find
with any laptop, the big question is 16GB of RAM and a 512GB SSD. a 14-inch display, the keyboard with
whether the promised experience That’s quite the impressive kit, and a power button that doubles as a
of what’s on paper translates into a the resulting performance is just as fingerprint reader in the top-right
proper experience in the real world. impressive. The integrated graphics corner, and bright highlights that
That answer is a resounding yes. chip isn’t going to lend itself to note a key’s additional functionality.
The Gram 14 2-in-1 will set you being any sort of gaming machine, The bezels around the display
back £1,200 (about $1,500, but it’s good enough for an aren’t the smallest we’ve seen, but
AU$2,136) for the configuration we occasional photo- and video- the slim design is noticeable.
have here. That’s right in line with editing session, and maybe some The hinges rotate the Gram 14
what you should expect to pay for casual gaming. 2-in-1’s display back almost a full
a similarly equipped Lenovo C930 The Gram 14 2-in-1 feels snappy 360 degrees, allowing for a
Images : LG
or HP Spectre x360 15T. and rarely, if ever, strained under dedicated tablet mode, stand
The standard Gram 14 packs an heavy loads of multiple Chrome mode (for gorging on Netflix) and a
Intel Core i5, 8GB of RAM and a tabs, a YouTube video and Spotify tent mode (more Netflix, of course).
256GB SSD, with more expensive streaming. Similarly, there was little The hinges are sturdy and don’t
80 | | October 2019
Upgrade
LG Gram 14 2-in-1
KEY FEATURES
LG Gram 14 2-in-1
Supplier www.lg.com
CPU 1.8GHz Intel Core i7-8565
GPU Intel HD Graphics 620
RAM 16GB
Storage 512GB SSD
Connectivity 802.11ac Wi-Fi,
Bluetooth 5.0
Weight 995g
Battery delight
Perhaps our favourite aspect of the
Gram 14 2-in-1 is its battery life.
With a 72Wh battery, LG claims a
potential battery life of up to 23
hours. We weren’t able to achieve
that number, which is almost
move around without a light and everything in between and the always the case, but we did reach
amount of force. That’s good screen has kept up with our every 10 hours and 45 minutes in the
– there’s little point in using demand. That shouldn’t be all that TechRadar movie test. In
something like stand mode only surprising, given that it’s designed comparison, the Lenovo C930’s
to have the laptop close itself. to serve as a laptop and a tablet. battery is even more impressive,
One of the first things we noticed lasting 13 hours and 10 minutes in
upon picking it up is how light the Pen and keyboard the same test, while the HP X360
Gram 14 2-in-1 is, weighing 995g The included Wacom AES 2.0 Pen 15T powered through 6 hours and
and measuring 323 x 212 x 16.6mm; has two buttons and 4,096 levels of 56 minutes.
W x D x H. It’s MacBook Air-light pressure and purportedly lasts up Those results translate into
and lends itself to portability more to 18 months from a single AAA what’s likely a full day of use, and
than the Spectre x360 15T’s 4.81 battery. We’re no artist, and our more than enough power to get
pounds. It’s even half a pound handwriting is far from exceptional, through a long flight that requires a
lighter than the Yoga C930’s 3.04 but writing and drawing on the few movies.
pounds. Some device makers have Gram 14 2-in-1’s display was Outside of the speakers and the
trackpad, and depending on how
“Most laptop keyboards are good, but not great. you feel about a mundane design,
there’s little to fault here. In fact,
The Gram 14 2-in1’s keyboard is exceptional” we’re rather impressed by the
laptop’s battery life and
taken to cutting out nearly all something we could see ourselves performance for its light weight.
useful ports from their slim devices, using if we owned it. As far as 2-in-1’s go, the Gram 14
opting instead for a couple of The Gram’s keyboard is is no slouch. It’s a solid performer
USB-C ports and some dongles. deceiving. The keys look rigid and that can keep up with comparable
The Gram 14 2-in-1 only has one loud, yet are the exact opposite. machines. The screen, keyboard
USB-C port, but in addition has two The keys have a soft feel to them, and battery life left us impressed
USB A ports, a microSD card reader yet enough feedback to let you and confident in its capabilities,
and an HDMI port. And of course know when a stroke is registered and you should be, too.
there’s a headphone jack. with very little sound. We adjusted
The ports are evenly distributed, to the keyboard in minutes and The LG Gram 14 2-in-1 offers a
with a USB port on each side, and enjoyed every letter typed. smooth keyboard, crisp display
the left side also housing the Most laptop keyboards are good, and battery that goes on forever.
HDMI and USB-C ports. On the but not great. The Gram 14 2-in1’s
right side is the headphone jack, keyboard is exceptional.
the other USB port and the microSD The trackpad is centred with the
card reader – possibly the single laptop’s housing and is smooth
most underappreciated port on when used for scrolling or gestures.
any computer. Where we get caught out is when it
The Gram 14 2-in-1’s display is comes time to press on the pad for
also a touchscreen. We’ve used all a click. The resistance by the
sorts of gestures, taps, long-presses trackpad is uneven, with the top
October 2019 | | 81
£1,400 | $1,700 www.canon.co.uk
Affordable (ish), full-frame and mirrorless: what’s not to like?
T
he EOS RP is the second EOS R come to the market, from theory that might make it good as a
full-frame mirrorless camera Canon’s point of view, launching backup or travel camera, but it’s
from Canon. While the EOS R something at the entry-level important to bear in mind the
was met with something of a probably makes a lot more sense. If accompanying lenses – which are
lukewarm reception, the EOS RP they can hook people in at the still fairly large.
aims to aggressively target sales of beginning, or near the beginning, A reasonably chunky grip helps
other brands by launching at a very of their camera journey, it’ll pay to make the EOS RP nice and
attractive price. It will even come dividends in the long run. comfortable to use, while the
bundled with an adapter to allow Canon already caters for those button layout on the back is on the
you to use any existing Canon EF new to full-frame with its 6D series whole sensible. On the top of the
lenses that you might already have of DSLR cameras, with the latest camera there’s a mode dial with a
in your kit, too. being the 6D Mark II. As mirrorless range of shooting modes, plus dual
To that end, you can pick up the becomes more mainstream, those control dials for adjusting different
EOS RP for around £1,399 body only thinking about making the jump to parameters depending on the
(with the adapter). If you want to full-frame now have a mirrorless mode you’re in. Use these mode
pick it up with a 24-105mm f/4 L option – with all the benefits that dials in conjunction with an M.Fn
USM lens as well, it’ll set you back brings – to consider as well. button to change exactly what
around £2,300. Neither of these you’re controlling, and it’s a pretty
figures are loose change, sure, but Body and handling nifty set-up. For more quick access,
it’s a reasonable price for a brand Considering the EOS RP is housing tap the Q button on the back of the
Images : T3/Future
new full-frame camera – and a full-frame sensor, Canon has done camera for direct access to a
crucially it’s cheaper than the Nikon a good job of keeping it on the number of different settings.
Z6 (around £1,700 body only RRP at small side, especially given that it One change from the EOS R is the
the time of writing – with no has a fully-articulating screen on lack of the touch-sensitive M-Fn bar
adapter included). the rear too. Weighing in at just – it’s no great loss not to see it here
While some will have been 440g (body only), it’s smaller and though – most didn’t find it all that
disappointed not to see a high-end lighter than its sibling the EOS R. In useful anyway. There’s also no
82 | | October 2019
Upgrade
Canon EOS RP
KEY FEATURES
Canon EOS RP
Supplier www.canon.co.uk
Sensor 26.2 megapixel
Connectivity Wi-Fi, Bluetooth,
USB Type C
Screen 2.95” (7.50cm) Clear View LCD II,
approx 1.04 million dots
Processor DIGIC 8
Built-in flash None
October 2019 | | 83
MSI Optix MPG341CQR
£869 | $799 www.msi.com
There’s VA, rather than IPS, tech in this hot new 34-inch gaming monitor
C
an a glorious 34-inch curved match the MSI’s 144Hz refresh. The begins with a 34-inch VA panel that
LCD panel with support for Asus PG348Q offers similar pricing boasts both an 1800R curve and
144Hz refresh, adaptive sync but only 100Hz refresh. LG’s 144Hz refresh. That’s pretty nippy
and HDR stand out in the crowded 34GK950F can match the 144Hz, for a VA panel, which raises
monitor market these days? The but again will cost you several questions about this monitor’s pixel
new MSI Optix MPG341CQR offers hundred dollars or pounds more. response. It’s rated at 1ms, but pixel
all that, plus some gamer-friendly response hasn’t always been a
extras, and does it all at a price that Design and features strong point of VA screens.
looks pretty punchy compared to The design is sophisticated and Most of the competition in this
several key competitors. feels expensive. The stand is robust segment goes with IPS panel tech,
For starters, MSI has gone for VA and widely adjustable for height, but VA does have one very clear
rather than IPS screen tech. It has tilt and swivel. The aesthetics are advantage: static contrast. This
also fitted the Optix up with some pretty slick too, thanks in part to monitor is rated at 3,000:1 for static
snazzy RGB LED lighting. slim bezels on three sides of the contrast, far better than any IPS
But this panel will have to deliver panel. Looks-wise, the other screen can achieve.
on its core proposition as a 34-inch standout feature involves ‘Mystic Resolution-wise, we’re talking
super-wide gaming monitor. While Light’ RGB LEDs in the lower bezel. 3,440 by 1,440 pixels, which is the
the extras sweeten the deal, the They add nothing to the current norm for this class of 21:9
Optix MPG341CQR has a tough screen’s performance, but if you aspect monitor. There’s also
fight on its hands versus the usual like this kind of thing it’s a clever adaptive sync support from
suspects in this category. implementation, fully FreeSync 2.
In general terms, MSI has priced programmable and configurable The final really significant feature
Images : MSI
this panel aggressively even if it’s with neat transitions as the colours from an image quality perspective
still a lot of money to invest in a flow smoothly along the individual is HDR400 certification. It’s the very
screen. The likes of Asus’s ROG LED segments. It’s very slick. lowest level of HDR support and
Swift PG349Q is several hundred More conventionally, the doesn’t include local dimming. It
more expensive but can’t quite MPG341CQR’s core feature set also means the MSI Optix
84 | | October 2019
Upgrade
MSI Optix MPG341CQR
KEY FEATURES
MSI Optix MPG341CQR
Supplier www.msi.com
Resolution 3440x1440, 21:9
Refresh rate 144Hz
Connectivity Displayport 1.4,
HDMI 2.0 (2x), USB-C
Weight 907g
October 2019 | | 85
STUDENT LAPTOPS
Whether it’s school, sixth form, college, university or
home study, these are the best laptops for learning
Winner!
Available for much less than its RRP Dell’s flagship laptop has always been Microsoft’s original Surface Laptop was
online, the MateBook 13 comes closer to rated as one of the best machines for held back by its below average
striking that perfect balance of price and professionals and casual, everyday users. performance, a lack of ports and
performance than anything else in 2019 The XPS 13 2019 brings back the Windows 10 in S Mode. The Surface
so far. It’s light and compact, perfect for entry-level model, making it cheap Laptop 2 significantly improves on this
stowing it in your backpack as you hurry enough for college students once again. – with the exception of the ports. It’s
from class to class; and it’s fast and Dell has also fixed our biggest issue with now packed with 8th-generation Intel
affordable as well. Sure, you’ll need the XPS lineup – the webcam, which has Kaby Lake Refresh processors, full-fat
to keep that charger on hand, as the finally been moved back above the Windows 10 Home and a black colour
battery life is underwhelming, but display where it belongs. This means that option. It omits USB-C and Thunderbolt
there’s still no doubt that the Huawei your family and friends won’t have to 3, but that doesn’t change the fact that
Matebook 13 deserves its lofty spot stare up into your nostrils when you’re you will get all your tasks done in style
on this list. video chatting ever again. with this laptop with little to no effort.
86 | | October 2019
Upgrade
Student laptops
T
he top contenders for workload at school – as well as let devices on the market. But make
the best student laptops you partake in some post-school no mistake: just because they’re
put value over having entertainment like light gaming very affordable, doesn’t mean
the top-of-the-line and Netflix. they look cheap. In fact, they also
processors and graphics cards. And In fact, some of our picks for exude style, tout power and offer
yet, they still have enough juice to the best laptops for students are portability, all without breaking
get you through your demanding among the most wallet-friendly the bank.
4
6
October 2019 | | 87
THE BEST FREE PDF EDITOR 2019
Create and edit PDF documents with these free tools
Winner!
1 ApowerPDF
www.apowersoft.com
Here we’re recommending the the online version is free to use, add-on. This take a little extra
online version of ApowerPDF. but before you can use the online time, but the effort is well worth it.
The developer, Apowersoft, also PDF editor, you’ll need to click Edit PDFs from The PDF editor will open
makes a desktop PDF editor, but ‘Launch online’ and download scratch in your outside your current browser
this is a premium tool, whereas Apowersoft’s launcher – a browser web browser. window. You can edit text –
very unusual for a free PDF
editor, and very handy. Text
won’t always flow the way you’d
like it to, so you may need to
spend some time tweaking
alignment and text box size,
but it’s very impressive for a
free PDF editor, and especially
one that runs as a plugin.
Your exported PDFs won’t
be watermarked either.
We’re converted.
RATING
2 PDF-XChange Editor
www.tracker-software.com
If you need to edit the text in a also attach comments, split PDFs, have a printout rather than the
PDF, PDF-XChange Editor is ideal. and extract pages. original file (a handout from a
Beware using
image credits: Apowersoft, Tracker Software, Sejda, Red Software
It lets you retype, delete, and One of PDF-Xchange Editor’s lecture, for example).
premium features
reformat text, and adapts well if best features is the ability to use without paying
Some of the features visible in
the document uses a font that OCR to recognise text in scanned – your PDF will the menus and toolbars are only
isn’t installed on your PC. You can documents – ideal if you only be watermarked. available in the premium version
of the software, PDF-XChange
Editor Plus, but you can easily
hover your mouse pointer over an
icon to find out if it’s included.
The paid-for downloads,
PDF-XChange Editor costs $43.50
(£35) for the normal version, but
for additional features such as
form creation and use you will
need to buy PDF-XChange Editor
Plus, which costs $54.50 (£45).
RATING
88 | | October 2019
Software Test
Best free PDF editor
3 Sejda
www.sejda.com
This fee online PDF editor offers images and links, sign documents, remove any data. There’s no OCR
an excellent range of tools, with add annotations, and insert either, so you won’t be able to
an added layer of security: all files shapes. There’s also a ‘whiteout’ A good range of
edit text in scanned PDFs.
are deleted from its servers after option, though this simply draws a tools, but the free When you’ve finished, click
five hours. You can add text, white rectangle – it doesn’t service is limited. ‘Apply changes’ and you’ll be able
to download the document, send
it to Dropbox or Google Drive,
delete it, or access a shareable link
that will expire after seven days.
There are limits on the free
service: every hour, you can
process no more than 200 pages
or 50MB data (whichever comes
first) and perform no more than
three tasks. That’s pretty
generous, but if you need more,
there are weekly, monthly and
annual p
price.
RATING
4 PDFescape
www.PDFescape.com
There are two versions of the online editor; if you download the Firefox, Edge, Internet Explorer,
The free online
PDFescape PDF editor: a free web desktop software, you’ll only editor is good,
Opera and Safari.
app and a premium desktop receive a trial of the premium but lacks a few The online editor lets you create
program. Here we’re using the edition. It’s suitable for Chrome, premium features. new text boxes on the page, but
unless you upgrade to the full
desktop version there’s no way
to edit existing text. You you can
create simple geometric shapes
and – as with Sedja, above – add
white rectangles to obscure parts
of the document when it’s printed.
PDFescape lets you select a
picture from your PC, then drag
a rectangle to insert it. You can
insert text fields too, enabling you
to create simple forms – a rare and
welcome feature for a free app.
RATING
October 2019 | | 89
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Editorial
Editor Ian Evenden ON SALE
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Art Editor Jamie Schildhauer
Deputy Editor Nick Odantzis *Hɢ PʝȾɏ ʓUʝə \ʝʦ ɠ :ʖQGʝZɡ 3& 11 Octobe
Editor in Chief Graham Barlow
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Senior Art Editor Jo Gulliver
Contributors
2019
Matt Bolton, Aaron Brown, Alex Cox, Jason Cipriani, Amy Davies, Cat Ellis,
Christian Guyton, Matt Hanson, John Knight, Jeremy Laird, Carrie Marshall,
Joe Osborne, Nick Peers, Brian Turner, Mark Wyciślik-Wilson
Photography
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The nuclear option of the
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for refreshing and
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