Docshare - Tips - MX Road Part1 PDF

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MX - Road Design
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Bentley MXROAD V8i(SELECTseries 2)
Bentley Institute Course Guide
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C B! tley Institute
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Trademarks
the uB" Bentley logo, MDL, MicroStation and SmartLine are registered tradema rks;
SELECT is a service mark of Bentley
AutoCAD is a "<>a.e1"<>"<>"; trademark of Inc.
All other brands and product names are the trademarks oftheir respective owners.
Patents
United States Patent Nos. 5,8.15,415 and and
Copyrights
©2000-2011 K<>n1"I<>\/
MicroStation ©1998 Bentley
All reserved.
March 2011
Copyright © 2011 Bentley Systems, Incorporated

ntley Institute
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Bentley Systems, Inc. MX- Road design V8i (SELECTseries 2)

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Table of Contents
154 Reporting Model Information

4 Course Timetable
161 Lab Reports
5 Concepts and terminology
162 Junction Design
11 Starting up MX - New Project
171 Lab Junction design
15 Lab Getting Starting - New Project
173 Junction Design - Join to Existing Roadway
16 Survey Data Input and Import
174 Lab Junction Design Tie-in
25 Lab Survey Data Input
175 Paved and unpaved shoulder design
27 Viewing Models
180 Lab Shoulder Design
42 Lab Viewing Model Data
181 Kerbs, Footways and Verges
43 MX Tasks
186 Lab Kerb and Footways
51 Lab MX Tasks
187 Earthwork slope design
52 Status Tools 199 Lab Earthwork Slope Design
60 Lab Status Tools
200 Pavement Layer Design
61 Surface Checker
214 Lab Pavement Layer Design
66 Editing data
216 Volume Reports
75 Lab Survey Model and data check
218 Lab Volume Reports
76 Surface Analysis - Triangles and Contours
219 Dynamic Long Section
82 Lab Surface Analysis
227 Lab Dynamic Long Section
83 Housekeeping & Model file maintenance
229 Dynamic Cross Section
88 Lab Housekeeping
236 Lab Dynamic Cross Section
89 String Naming Conventions
238 Introduction to Final Drawings Production
93 Horizontal Quick Alignment
241 Final Drawings Plan Display
103 Lab Horizontal Quick Alignment
243 Lab Create a new Plan drawing
104 Vertical Quick Alignment
244 Final Drawings Profile Display
115 Lab Vertical Quick Alignment
250 Lab Create a new Profile
116 Carriageway Design
251 Final Drawings Layout Pages
123 Lab Carriageway Design
258 Lab Layout Plan and Profile sheets
124 Rule-Based Superelevation
259 Final Drawings Apply Annotation Style
131 Lab Superelevation
265 Lab Annotation of Plan and Profile drawings
132 Dynamic Surface Analysis
268 Final Drawings Publish Drawings
138 Lab Dynamic Surface Analysis
271 Lab Publish Final Drawings
139 Crossfall Checker
272 Final Drawings Create and Display Cross Sections
143 Lab Crossfall Checker
283 Lab Final Drawings Cross Section Display
147 Roadway Widening
287 Course Summary
153 Lab Road Widening
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Course Timetable
• Day 1
- Basic concepts of MX and getting started
-- Importing and displaying t he survey
_. Checking and amending the survey
- CAD environment tools
- Essential housekeeping
• Day 2
-- MXROAD - horizontal and vertical alignment design
- Generating the road features
- Applying superelevation to the carriageway edges
- Reporting string and model data
- Forming junctions and traffic islands
• Day 3
- Shoulders footways and verges v?
- Earthworks design _...y" "
- Pavement Layer Design ,./'
- Create Cross sections, "'/
- Drawing production
1. The course consists of a series of lectures followed by practical

workshops using a simple highway design to introduce the functions
required for a typical design sequence.
2. The above timetable is very general and is for guidance only.
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3. To use all the options contained in this course you will need to have
installed MX V8i or later and the associated Data Set.
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Bentley Systems, Inc_ MX- Road design V8i (SELECTseries 2)

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Basic Concepts What is MX?

• A system for the collection, generation, analysis and
display of three dimensional data
• Used from feasibility study through to final setting out
• All data are stored in the MX database
1. MX software was originally developed in the late 1970's by three local authorities
in the United Kingdom. It was known as MOSS until 1998, when it was renamed
MX. In January 2003 Infrasoft Limited merged with Bentley Systems Limited.
2. Originally used in the design of highways schemes, MX software is now used in

a wide variety of projects, such as mining, golf course design and air traffic
control.

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Basic Concepts surfaces models

( • 3D surfaces stored as models in MX database
• Each model has a model name
- 28 characters maximum
• in range 0 to 9, A to Z and space only
- Unique in database
• One model per surface, such as

- Existing ground (the survey)
- Design
- Contours - through the surveyor design
- Long and Cross sections
• No practical limit on number of models
1. Each model has a 28 character model name, with a possible 4 character

extension defined by MX. This extension describes the model type, such as
'TRIA' to describe a triangulation model
2. The model name should reflect the contents of the model, for example
'EXISTII\IG GROUND' instead of 'MODEL 1'. Note that spaces are allowed but
not hyphens, full stops etc.
3. A separate directory is set up for each project so that the database and any files
associated with the project are stored together. This helps with general file and
project management.
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Basic Concepts surface features-strings

• Surface features and breaklines stored as strings
• Each string has string name which is
- 4 characters long - alphanumeric
- User-defined in both the survey and in the design
• Strings are lists of pOints - surveyed, designed or from
analysis
• Frequency of pOints is user-dependant
- To ensu re good resolution in survey
- Defined by chainage interval in design
1. The name that is given to a string gives an indication of the feature being modelled. For
example, in the diagram above, the string 'ev2i' is the right hand verge.
2. MX uses a default naming convention which starts at '0000' and ends at 'ZZZZ'.
3. While the naming convention used in MX is entirely up to the user, the following
restrictions apply:
a. master alignments must have an initial character M
b. geometry strings must have an initial character G
c. point strings, which have no string links, must have an initial character P
d. text strings must have an initial character ,*, (Text strings do not have a level. They
are only used to hold annotation text in modelspace.)
4. All strings in a model must be uniquely named, but the same string name can be used
in different models .
5. The frequency of points along the string is dependent on the user. If the feature being
surveyed or designed has many changes (either horizontally or vertically), it should
have more points than a uniform feature. MX will add extra points to the design strings
in areas where the curvature increases to ensure sufficient resolution to the strings

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Basic Concepts stri . 9 featu res

• A string is a list of point coordinates
- A string starts with the String Index Record
- This includes name, sub reference, type, no. points, min X-V,
max X-V
• Strings can also contain 1 541016.325 111060.659 51.291

- Links - the connections 2 541023.195 111059.221 51.797
3 541030.002 111059.010 52.277
- Gaps (discontinuities) 4 541037.330 111060.832 -999.000
5 541044.849 111061.547 53.552
- Null levels (z = -999) ., Gap •.~
6 541052.006 111063.728 54.218
7 541059.839 111064.296 54.762
and so on
6 7 8
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2 3 4 5~~
--• -• •
• • •
•
• •
"P" string - gaps between each point
1. All points on a string are joined by links, unless a "gap" (discontinuity) is inserted into the string.
Discontinuities are visible both on a drawing and in printed reports. A discontinuity is basically a
missing link in the string, eg oa gap in a surveyed fence .
2. A point string is a special case in that there are no links between the points. An initial character of
'P' indicates a point string. Used for features such as trees or lighting columns.
3. A null level at a point means that the point does not have a level associated with it. The Z value is
given as -999.0 . These points are ignored by functions such as sectioning .
4. Each item of information related to a point is referred to as a dimension. The number of

dimensions stored on a string depends on the string type. The point numbers are added by MX
and are not a string dimension . A selection of string types is shown below:
String type No. of dimensions
Contours 2 X Y
General features 3 X Y Z
Survey stations 4 X Y Z StationlD
Master alignments 6 X Y Z Chainage Bearing Radius
A model will consist of a combination of string types, each string defining a separate feature.
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Basic Concepts coordinates and units

• Cartesian coordinate system
- X Easting
- Y Northing
- Z Level (-999 .0 = null level)
• Metres or feet
• Angular measurement
- DMS (default) Degr Grad Radian Quadrant
• Zero datum is grid North
1. MX is actually unitless for the storage of data, but you need to set the units so
that the correct values for areas, volumes, angles and so on are correctly
reported.
2. Angular units can be input and output in different forms but are stored internally
as radians.
3. The system is supplied with defaults for all the above set in a parameter file. This
file can be amended by you to reflect local requirements. There are special
settings for use in the USA, Denmark, and Czech Republic which can be
adapted for use in other regions of the world. If you have any problems with
coordinate systems for a particular country please contact the Bentley Support
Desk who will be pleased to assist where possible.
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Basic Concepts three essential files

• These files should not be removed from the project
directory
- model.fil - the database
• holds the project design and survey model information
- "projectname".mmd the project file
• holds project parameters, library locations etc.
- defmods .txt - the associations file
• holds model types and model-styleset/featureset associations
1. The MX database has the filename MODEL.FIL. This is the file which
contains the models, strings and points. Therefore, this is the most
important file in a project. Note that the MX database contains only the
coordinate information of the strings and points. It does not contain any
information on the colour or linestyles of the strings.
2. The .mmd file contains the project parameters. These can be modified
by you on entry to the project..
3. Each default model type has a feature name set and a plan style set
associated with it. The models that are created during a project will also
be related to feature and style sets by you. These associations are
stored in the defmods.txt file. This is a text file which MX updates
dynamically as required.
4. The .mmd file and the defmods.txt files could (but shouldn't) be removed
from the project directory without any loss of model data. However, a
new project (.mmd file) would need to be started using the existing MX
database, the project parameters would need to be reset and any
associations remade.
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Getting Started Create a New Project

Start Up r1.iE]
• Recommended steps
- Start MXROAD
~ Benttey
- Browse to New Project
folder
- Type new project name
• check Edit Project
Settings to change
design parameters
(optional)
• check Non -tangential Bentley MXROAD V8i

Alignments if needed
IUK. ......
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1_ _ _---' I S<n;gH....,,~
1. Project Name - this provides the name of the file used to store the project
settings i.e. the ".mmd" file. The project name is limited to 256 characters.
2. Location - directory used to store the project. This foldermust not be stored in
the 'mfw' folder structure (the MX installation) as the project data will be lost
when the next version of the software is installed. The folder will be created if it
does not already exist.
3. Note that it is possible to have more than one .mmd file in a project's working
directory. This can be done by opening a new project in an existing directory
and supplying a new '.mmd' file with a completely new set of parameters. When
this happens, the system will ask you whether you want to replace both the
existing MX database 'model.fil' and the defaults file 'defmods.txt'. It is very
important to select NO , especially for the modelfile, as all the existing coordinate
data will be lost if the database is replaced.
4. A Non- Tangential Alignment is an alignment which may contain angles that have
a discontinuous bearing ie. straight to straight connections. This option can only
be invoked for a New Project.
5. String Naming Convention is essential for MROAD projects.
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Getting Started Open existing project

• Recommended steps Start Up _ __ - _- _ - ~
- Start MXROAD
- Select project from list or g:j Bentley
- Select more to browse and
then open the .mmd file
- Use the browse button to
select the Current Drawing
Name to be opened
Check Edit Project Settings to

change current parameters
1. There are three methods of starting MX.

a. From the start bar, select Starl Menu> Programs> Bentley> MX
b. Double clicking a shortcut on the desktop
c. Double clicking the project '.mmd' file in Windows ExplorerTM
2. The same methods work for the AutoCAD and MicroStation environments.
3. When opening an existing project, the last four projects are listed in the Last
Used Projects window. If the required project is not listed, double click on more
to get a standard Windows browser to search for the relevant file - only .mmd
files will be offered.
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Getting Started Set project parameters
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Caution - take care if changing items on Project Files tab

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1. If the Edit Project Settings box was selected on the Startup panel, this panel will
be displayed. It contains all the parameters that you can set for this particular
project.
2_ The paths to the various libraries are set at startup to point to the central "Public"
library, and to the project directory for the "Project" and "Private" libraries.
14

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Getting Started Working environments

• Available working environments for MXROAD include:
- CAD, MicroStation, and AutoCAD
• Youcan access all standard functions through the menu

bar and tool bars in each of the environments
• CAD tools assist in the creation of simple to complex

design projects
1. Each environment is invoked from a different icon on the desktop or from the
Start menu by using the following:
Start Menu> Programs> Bentley> MX> and then selecting the required
environment icon
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Lab Getting Started - New Project

• Start MX and select New Project>
- enter project name - up to 256 characters permitted
- use the Browse button and find the training directory specified
by your trainer.
-- in the Location box it should say <drive name>:\Projects\MX
Training
• Change the Default Project Setting to Tutorial
• Select Edit Project Settings>, and OK >
• Leave String Naming Convention on
• Amend project parameters to
- turn banner output off
- turn paging off
- set default scale = 1: 500
• Move the mouse over the menu headings to see what is

available in each
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Survey input and validation

• General procedure
.< Input the survey data into the database

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- Draw the survey onto screen
-. l'1odify the model to correct obvious errors (optional)
- Triangulate and contour to check for level errors
1. After loading the raw survey data, the first thing that is normally done is to draw
the survey in plan. This allows the user to check for obvious errors in the survey,
such as hedges crossing a road, rogue points and so on.
2. If there are such obvious errors, they would need to be corrected, by amending
the offending strings or points in the model.
3. To check for any rogue levels in the survey, contours of the survey model would
be generated. Any errors would once again be corrected, and the model re
triangulated and re-contoured.
4. You should remember that by adjusting the model you are not adjusting the
originating data. Also, you should consider whether it is your responsibility to
make the corrections or whether it should be returned to the survey contractor
for correction.
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Survey input GENIO data
• Survey data may come from a number of sources

- Several data types possible - DWG, DGN, DXF, GENIO , NTF and
LandXML
• GENIO is MX standard method of data transfer
- may be fixed-format or comma-separated format
• Data in ASCII files - similar to this

CREATE,EXISTING GROUND Creates iJ new, empty model to store the new strings
will not replace existing model
GENIO,EXISTlNG GROUND Import or export (rom this model
Ol7,NORM
001,FORMAT(2Fl0.3,F8.3,2F10.3,F8.3) The datil 15 In these groups of columns
003,ORDR 2 1 ;2. 3 ..and the d,lta is to be stored in this order
080,8D04, ,5= .0, .0, 7703 Lo.d a string called BD04 a5 a 3-D 5trlng036934.215
11790.875 294.056 36914.540 11783.620 293.778 .,;tnd here arc the f/,.,;t points 036895.538
11778.423 293.775 36881.586 11773.254 293.778
036876.935 11771.532 293.778 .000 .000 293.778 .000 .000 says "end of
this string'"
and so on
1. The directory in which you will be working should contain some start-up files
(suffix .txt). These are GENIO files and will be used to generate the initial models
used during this course. If these files are missing please advise the instructor who
will install them for you.
2. GENIO files are text files and are the standard method of transferring data to and
from MX projects.
3. The data shown above is an example of the usual type of survey data that is be
read into the MX database. When this file is run, the following will occur:
a. Create a model called 'Existing Ground' - error will be given if model already
exists.
b. Specify the model name into which the data are to be placed i.e.
GENIO,EXISTING GROUND
c. Define the format in which the data is to be read

d. Deline the name of the string to be input - 8004
e. Give the coordinates for the points
f. and so on
4. NOTE: If the first line that is read in a genio file is GENIO,'MODELNAME' and the
model already exists, then the string data will be APPENDED to the model - so
take care !!
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Survey input loading survey data
• Use either File > Input or File > Import to select
required f ile
ti';n - ___ ~ ____ -__ - --':-F1J0
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It,In
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(i)~ OU, TXT
m.t...
COIWttI to K<ROAl) SI-/C...
Expotl
Check "Files of type" if you can 't see your file
1. Input files conventionally have the default extension '.inp'. The dialog box shown
\
above allows the user to navigate to the required directory to find the file to be
input or imported.
2. Files with any other extension can be found and accessed by using the "Files of
type" dialogue.
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String names and drawing styles

• Feature Name Sets
-. offer string names by type of feature
- control use of string types throughout MX
- provide layer/level names in AutoCAD/MicroStation
environments
• Drawings produced by Plan Style Sets which
- define the drawing style of the various model types
~ ensure consistent style of presentation ("office standards")
- rely on using standard naming conventions
Hint: You should relate each model to suitable style and feature set at the earliest
opportunity
1. Feature name sets help you to name strings when creating new features. They
also encourage a consistent office standard to string naming. However, you still
have final control of the string name used, unless the MX String Naming
Convention is turned on, or the application has specific naming requirements.
2. Feature Name Set provides the names of the MX-related layers/levels, thereby
providing a two-way transfer between MX and the drafting system.
3. Plan style sets are used to define the style in which the strings should be
displayed. They specify details of the colour and line style of the strings, fonts
and general symbology. This ensures that as strings are added to a model, or
changes are made, they are drawn in a consistent manner every time.
4. Every model should be related to appropriate style- and feature sets at the
earliest opportunity.
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Survey Input setting model defaults
• Use Tools > Model Defaults
- Assign the Feature and Plan Style sets to be associated with each
model
- Select Edit> to amend if necessary
Browse to
-..--- - - -
----~ -
;Modcl DetlluU, :....:._.-.-. ~ _.-=- --..

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............! (1]~
activate style
set selection
O~
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Bentley Systems , Inc. MX- Road design V8i (SELECTseries 2)
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11+- - - - - - - - - - ' -- - - -- - - · · - - · .... - - - - - - ._._--- - -

• Style set selection
- Select library
- Select style or feature set
- Click Open>
1. The style set selector will, by default, take you to the "Public" library. You can
select the style set from other libraries as necessary.
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Ii-f-"-- -- """""--'- - - - -..--..- - . - - -- - -- - -..--.....-- -- . - - -- ..- .....-.---

in any model name box..
right mouse button (RMB)
~ ., ModeJ~
Slri"g Name
1rf,J- -- - - ---I ., AI ~ rmq
m? WC<m<J~
Effiaoce
_
~J
Ora.'rw,je
I 11 WAla~tloo
r:7.":;:;:::'--;--...,..."..,,~----.I select
Triangle
S~ Sel Name Sb'i'lQ
I pu!i;S~\mf1'l ~ ~. pt
Cut
Copy
p~ste
Rellrict Alea...
locked by default..
1. This technique of selecting Edit Model Defaults with the right mouse button (in
the model name box) can be used with any data panel. Generally, however, it is
used when first displaying the model
2. When you relate models to style and feature sets MX writes the relevant
information to the file defmods.txt. Then, whenever MX displays anything from
this model it looks at the defined style set to acquire the required style.
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Survey Input displaying the model
• Select Display> Plan with Style Set
OK - runs the data and removes panel

from screen
OK Apply - runs the data, leave.s panel
Model N""",
for re-use
I~ .=J AWl Cancel- closes panel without running
S~~ N ""'" data
Cancel
AI
Sde
I1 , OJ all strings covered by style set
S I~ SetN ome
IPtAlkS lyleoWw Wnp!e .... vey,p$$ :J
p Display lll Strilg. -----~----I-- all other strings
R.e:t~icl AIea... God .•
1. The ???? in the string name box say "display all strings covered by the style set
instructions" .
2. The Display All strings checkbox causes IVIX to display all strings even though
there may be no drawing instructions. In this case the strings will be drawn in
grey with solid lines. You will, at least, know that they exist.
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Survey Input displaying he model
• Hiding or Deleting MX graphical elements
.- View > Show/Hide graphics> Hide/Delete from Graphics
• Hide Graphics or Delete Graphics
• Identify Model, Group or Element to be used
define model/string(s) - use

pull downs or select from
screen
_N_
1"<$101' ::;} or use descriptions
o...n • 3
ro;;;.--~----=j:!l
1. Used to change the contents of the display

a. Hide Graphics - is used to make parts of the display invisible.
b. Delete Graphics - removes the items from the display. Deleting items from
the display does I\IOT affect the model file .
2. In tl1e above example, all the spot levels will be made invisible. The strings are
selected by typing the characters required (L ???) or by selecting the feature
type.
3. To hide or delete all items of the same type - select them as a Group. This
makes showing hidden data faster as MX treats them as a single item rather
than individual ones.
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Lab Survey Data Input

• File> Input> the file survey data. txt
• Display> Plan with Style set> Survey Model
- use a scale of 1: 500
- set the style set and feature set to MfW simple survey.pss and
MfW simple survey.fns
• Open a Windows Explorer™ and look at the project

Defmods.txt file/ note the Survey Model style set/feature
set association has been written to this file.
1. Notice how the use of a style set has produced a good working drawing with
various colours and styles of interpretation utilised. As new strings are added to
the model, they will be automatically drawn with the correct interpretation.
2. Windows ExplorerTM is a useful tool for reviewing project data
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+ - - - - - -----'- . _-- - -- - - _._- -- --_.._ -_ . _-_..
Lab Survey Data Input

• Hide the spot levels (use element and description) and
Show them again
• Hide them again, using group
• Show the group - note the difference in speed
• Delete all spot levels from the picture
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CAD Environment
CAD Attributes CAD Level Manager
MX menu
CAD main
toolbox
Tasks
toolbox
1. CAD toolboxes are loaded by default.
2. The CAD toolboxes are Main, Level Manager, Attributes and View Groups.
3. MX has new MX Display, MX Controls, MX Conversion and View Control

toolbars.
4. The menu can be switched between MX and CAD by selecting CAD and then
CAD Menu.
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View Controls
• View Controls in MX
1diSPI!Y mode . change rotation

t 1
view attributes clip volume
update view
zoom in
zoom out
view next
window area
view previous
fit view
pan view
rotate view
1. The View Control is only visible in MX and MX in MicroStation. It appears by default at

the top of each view. It contains a number of icons which perform the following
functions in the current viewport, hereafter called view.
2. View Attributes. Used to select, control and change the type of elements and graphic
attributes in the information displayed in the view.
3. Display Mode. Set the view display mode from the drop-down list of display styles or
from the Display Styles dialog.
4. Update View. Update (redraw) a view(s).
5. Zoom In. Increase the magnification of a view.
6. Zoom Out. Decrease the magnification of a view.
7. Window Area. Use to magnify an area of the display, in the selected view.
8. Fit View. Used to fit the entire display in a view. Further specific options are available:
9. View Rotation. Used to rotate the display in a view. Select from Top View or one of the
other nine variations of rotation available from the fly-out tool bar.
10. Pan view. Used to move (pan) the display without changing the view magnification.
Move the display under the cursor by holding the left mouse button down and moving
the cursor around the screen.
11. View Previous. Cancels the last view control operation and returns you to the previous
view.
12. View Next. Applies the last undone view control operation.
13. Change Rotation. (3D view only) Change the rotation of a view.
14. Clip Volume. Clips a view so no elements outside a defined boundary are visible.
29
Bentley Systems, Inc. MX- Road design VBi (SELECTseries 2)
..........._ ------ _ .
CAD Environment
• CAD Tools
Models
References Element Information
Level Manager Level Display
Active Level
Active Color: 0 Active Line Weight: 0
Active Line Style: 0
1. Primary Tools
a. The Models dialog manages models
b. The References dialog attaches and detaches referenced models, adjusts
reference settings and select reference tools.
c. The Level Manager includes a list of models, levels, and filters on the left,
and a detail section on the right.
d. Select multiple design files and/or reference attachments from the tree by
holding the left mouse button down and dragging the cursor over the
desired files. The levels for all the selected files display in the level list.
e. The Level Display turns levels on and off.
f. Element Information displays element information, such as its type,
attributes, and geometry, and permits modification
g. Toggle AccuDraw facilitates data point entry
h. Toggles PopSet Enable/Disable, prevents the display of a Tool Settings
window while you are not adjusting its controls.
2. Attributes Toolbox
a. The Attributes dialog sets the properties of an element and applies them to
a new element or one or more existing elements.
30

CAD Environment
• CAD Tools
View Groups View Group
or- MX Defaull View
Manage View Groups 8 views
Place Fence Modify:

Manipulate: Groups:
View Control: Change Attributes:
1. View Groups
a. A view group is a named collection of eight view windows which allows you to set up your
desktop to display your preferences including number of open view windows, window size
and view orientation. Each view group is associated with a model making it easy to access
and navigate through different models in the active OGN file, via the View Group menu.
b. Where, during a design session, you activate models in more than one OGN file, you can
also use the View Groups window to easily navigate the current session's model history in
multiple files. That is, you can switch between models you have activated, regardless of the
files in which those models reside.
2. Main Toolbox
a. Element Selection selects and deselects elements.
b. Place Fence , places a rectangular shape around objects.
c. The tools in the Manipulate tool box are used to copy, move, resize, rotate, mirror, create
arrays, align and stretch elements
d. The View Control tool box contains tools for manipulating views in the active OGN file.
Tools that are 3D specific are disabled when working in a 20 model.
e. The tools in the Change Attributes tool box are used to change an element to the active
element attribute settings.
f. The tools in the Groups tool box are used to create and manipulate complex chains,
complex shapes, and graphic groups
g. The tools in the Modify tool box are used to modify element geometry
31
CAD Environment
• MX Toolbars Display plan Erase model

with style set
IOESIGN S51 Multiple models panel
Model Erase the drawing Display current Create drawing from

then display the model over saved display set
model display
MXlCAD focus MX Output Window

1
Single/multi pick PSM selection
1. MX Model Display toolbar

a. Model - Selects the model to display from the list of the available model names.
b. Erase the drawing then display the model - Deletes all the MX elements are delete from the
current drawing and the selected model redisplayed.
c. Display the current model over this drawing - Redraws the current model.
d. Erase the current model - Deletes the selected model will be from the current display.
e. Create a drawing from a saved Display set - Displays the Create a drawing from a saved
Display set panel.
f. Open the Multi Model panel - Opens the Multiple Models panel to allow selection of more
than one model to display.
2. MX Controls toolbar
a. MX / CAD focus - Indicates which program currently has focus, either MX or CAD. Toggle
the box to override the setting if you wish to use CAD commands when you are in the middle
of an MX option and vice-versa.
b. MX Key-ins - contains a list of commonly used MX key-ins.
c. PSM Pick Mode - Select either Single Pick or MUlti-Pick.
d. PSM Lock Mode
e. MX Output Window - check to display the MX Output Window.
f. Information - click to display the current System Parameters. You can modify the System
Parameters using the fields and controls available.
g. Cursor Coordinates - displays a continuous scrolling current cursor location in MX model
coordinates.
32

/ - - - - - - ---'-_ ._ -- -- - - - _ ........._._..... ._ __ .._----- - ----_.._-- - - _.
CAD Environment
• MX Toolbars - multiple models panel
~~ .lII!;;}-'J) t:{
UO E5lGII 5SI :::J ill" iiJ ~ ~ [<?] Create a new
I
- .. il~J:t63! Copy Paste
I """- 1...,."",,,1
M_ _ O. . .
I
1.1.. - ;11,, :.! )< $ ,4a. I
O DE9GII
s......
II
......
I~ I
O E»S1l1ffi TRIA 2 C"l"
0= 17:).:.2 12:J!lJ)
Save plan
~ Select models
to display
IiI dra wing as a
display set
Create new
model
Delete model
s.,..St< from model file
I
... ..,
II a... il
-
1. Multiple Models
This option requires that models are selected on the checkbox to the left of each model name.
Highlighted means that the model name is displayed on a highlighted background, note that the
CTRL key can be used to highlight more than one model name.
a. Save - Creates a Display Set that can be recalled.
b. Create a New Plan Drawing from a saved Display Set - Select a saved Display Set to
create a new plan drawing.
c. Erase the Plan Drawing then display the selected MX Model(s) - Check to display a model,
the drawing is updated immediately. Uncheck a model to remove it from the drawing.
d. Display the selected MX Model(s) over the current plan drawing - Permanently greyed.
Only available on the MX Model Display toolbar.
e. Erase the selected MX Models from the plan drawing - Click to erase the selected models
from the plan drawing.
f. Delete the selected MX Models from the model file - Click to delete the selected models
from the model file.
g. Create a New Empty Model- Click to create a new empty MX model. The new model will
°
be named NEW MODEL 0, where is incremented each time a new model is created.
h. Copy Selected Models - Click to copy the highlighted models.
i. Paste Copied Models - Click to paste copied models. l\Jote that models will be pasted with
numerical suffix which increments as each paste is made.
2. Note: Right hand mouse button selection permits the following functions; New Model , Delete
Model , Copy Model, Paste Model and Edit Model Defaults. You can also rename a model by
highlighting it and reciicking.
33
CAD Environment
• MX Toolbars
D"PorS.. O.....
0....,,5<\11_
ldo,ign
D. ...jS.. c - . Select display
IcIoo,7>...t·.......
~o
,-.,~tI~-~_ _~==--n-- set name, comment
1- drawing name and
s_
f,i!! _.:oJ scale
Oer..te Al
OK
1. This panel allows you to create and save one or more Display Sets that can be
recalled quickly and efficiently in the future.
2. A Display Set is a drawing (dgn or dpw) comprising one or more models at a
specified scale.
a. Display Set Name - Type or select from the list the name of the Display Set
to save.
b. Display Set Comment - Type a comment to aid your memory when you
recall this Display Set.
c. Drawing Name The name of the drawing * .dgn.
d. Scale - Type the scale of select it from the list.
e. Delete - Delete the current Display Set from the list.
f. Delete All - Delete all the Display Sets from the list.
g. Cancel - Cancel the option to save the Display Set.
h. OK - Click to save the Display Set..
3. You will be warned if you attempt to overwrite an existing Display Set, and asked
if you wish to continue.
34
-- - --_..._--_._. __ .._ - - - _..... _ ..
CAD Environment
• MX tool bars
- View > Too/bars> Design
HorizooI:~ Offset
String Extension of Crossfall
RM B on toolbar to
InI:erse<tjon of 2 Slopes
access list of options
Hard Shoulder Design
Subgrade Desi9n
DesIgn <!I Straight Note:- Any tool bar can
Select to customise DesiQO an Arc be customised
ShgIe. Arc between 2 StrincJs
Compound Arc between 2 5t'r'ingos
Show 8.1
L.lst...
1. Toolbars can be customised by removing any of the standard features.
2. To adjust content of a toolbar, set CAD focus, click on the toolbar with the right
mouse button then select or deselect options.
35
II-F-=--- ----L------------ -- - -- - - - -- - -
CAD Environment
• CAD menu
MX menu structure
1. The File> Save As in the CAD menu is different in each environment.
2. The type of CAD drawing can be selected from the Save as type list.
3. The following slides show the current MX drawing saved as an AutoCAD DWG,
and the AutoCAD version selected.
36

f------~I.---- - -.-.- ----------- --- ..- - -- - . - ...-.- -...-.- -
CAD Environmen'
• MX menu
- Creating AutoCAD Drawings
~~dt E!emer~ ~
!I
1001>
~ tie<" '"
:I Qpen .. .
!:,iose
Save as...
- -I ",L I
( O(!p"<!<S
I I

s"C!,<' SettflQs_ _ _ _ .,
1
~ ltem~r
~ Proje<t E><p!on!r
....
A..iJ Re(,er""".s
• R..<le:'~
GJ Mod<\<
r. ~ i-modef... save as AutoCAD DWG
.\
• OGrl OWG OlCF...
1. The type of CAD drawing can be selected from the Save as type list.
2. The following slides show the current MX drawing saved as an AutoCAD DWG,
and the AutoCAD version selected.
3. MX will create separate 3D and 20 AutoCAO OWG's automatically.
37
I ~.-.
CAD Environment
• MX menu
- Creating AutoCAD Drawings
,.
f....·o...> , ..,.
I I
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C; ~ N bfI'e r"",cO:D D~Flo. r "~-

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handling of attached references
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38
CAD Environment References
• References
References Attach references
1. Used to attach and detach referenced models, adjust reference settings and
select reference tools. On the Primary Tools toolbox select the References icon.
2. References are previously created drawings that can be attached to the current
drawing.
39
• Attach Reference
c..-.
~ · WClllt
-~I.wIdtBI\(_
~v .... t~
' I .-J ~ ....ort~
,_ ~ld l ~ ~ " In: ~ <· ID I

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-I -
Os... _ e....
1. Reference Attachment Settings dialog attaches a model (*.dgn) to the active

model.
2. Model- Sets the optional description for the model. The maximum valid
description is 40 characters.
3. Orientation - Sets the view of the model being attached.
4. Coincident - Aligns the references with regard to design plane coordinates only.
5. Coincident World - Aligns the references with the active model with regard to
both Global Origin and design plane coordinates.
6. Standard Views - Identifies the views that can be used to display the reference:
Top, Front, Right, Isometric, Bottom, Back, Left, or Right Isometric.
7. Saved Views - Identifies the saved views that are available in the reference.
8. Named Fences - Identifies the named fences that are available in the reference.
When a named fence is used to attach a reference, all levels are on. If a
particular level is desired, then use the named fence as a clip volume for a
saved view in the reference, and select the saved view.
9. Scale - Sets the ratio of the master units in the active model to the master units
in the attached model.
40

I I--/-'~ _ __ _ _- L _·_____ _ _ _ __
- --- - ---- - --_.._..._._-_.__. ..
RMB click
for menu
---........
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Level Manager .. , ,
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1. Right click on menu bar and select Transparency.
2. Select one or more transparency values, the right click to modify.
41

• Transparency Select all layers in
attached reference
Modify transparency value
1. Transparency varies from 0% to 100%. A value of 0% is opaque. A value of

100% is almost completely transparency.
42
I
Lab Viewing Model Data
• Use MX Model Display toolbar to:

- display the survey model
- then erase the survey model and re-display
• Use View toolbar...

- window by corners, pan, new centre ..
- try other views like isometric
• Open the Level display and see the levels in the drawing
• Customise an MX toolbar
-- then reset
43
1 --- - - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - --- - -
- 1 - - - - - -----"--
Enhanced Menu and GUI changes

• All MX menu options are now replicated and available as
MicroStation Tasks and MicroStation toolbars
• This provides the option for fully customisable MX toolbars in
the standalone and l'VlicroStation environments using custom
DGN libraries
• IVIX menu 'greying' that was previously experienced while in
certain wizards / options has been removed
- This change will result in more open workflows in MX
• ability to access MX options whilst in an MX Wizard
• where multiple MX options are fired in quick succession to the MX engine
they will be buffered up and run in sequence
• 'Pinning' of menus
- floating or pinned (fixed)
1. Enhanced menu's and customisation - Implement MX options as MicroStation tasks

2. All MX menu options are now replicated and available as MicroStation Tasks and MicroStation
toolbars. This provides the option for fully customisable MX toolbars in the standalone and
MicroStation environments using custom DGNlibs.
3. To facilitate this level of customisation and to generally improve workflows available in MX, the
MX menu 'greying' that was previously experienced while in certain wizards / options has been
removed. This change will result in more open workflows in MX ie ability to run reports is now
available while in Quick Horizontal Alignment or a wizard. Where multiple MX options are fired in
quick succession to the MX engine they will be buffered up and run in sequence.
44
II+ - -=---------L-- ---- ·-----·-·------ --·--- ..· · - -

• 'Pinning' of menus
toggle appears select pin icon to activate toggle
select MX Output Window
Ia" So~ t ...u,* Jo~ l ~f t' ''''hlC t. '' r . "'-',r, Li~ lO

·; ....ion - 202:" Dlm t lw OS,..".... l~'L.u'M lbtCiD
DlTl 2UIOYO' T[ D '" U
,e select pin to lock open window

SRn:T ! QItI'T.l.JNS !H GR.lFHl c..U . ~
AU1'Ct4lfi1\lO:l
put cursor over toggle to activate MX Output Window
1. Menus can be pinned in MX. For example on the drawing frame select MX Output Window.,
when the output window appears in the display click on the pin icon, top right of MX Output frame
and this pins the window to the drawing frame.
2. The output window now appears as a toggle on the drawing frame. Put the mouse cursor over
the toggle and the MX Output window appears .. To remove the output window just click
anywhere in the display.
3. On the top right of the MX Output window you will see a Pin icon, if you select this pin icon then
the window will stay permanently open.
45

IH - - - - - - -L-- - - -- - - - -- - - -- ----------------------- - - - -- - - -

• MX Menu structure on Tasks ...
- Tasks> MXROAD Suite
1. To access the MX menu structure on the tasks toolbar we need to select from the Tasks list icon
on the Tasks tool bar, usually located on the left side of the display.
2. On the Tasks icon select the down arrow and from the resultant list pick from Tasks>MXRoad
Suite. The MXROAD Suite is now the active menu on the tasks toolbar .
46
IH - - - I
- - L-----.-...-...-- - -.----. - - ---.-.-- -- -..- -- -.-..- --- - - ...-

• MXROAD Suite toolbar...
Ell
- MX File
- MX View
-.. MX Tools
MX Design
- MX Analysis
- MX Modify
- MX Display
- MX Draw
- MX Visualisation
-- MX Report
47
Enhanced ·Menu and GUI changes
• MXROAD Suite dialog menu ...
- Tasks menu can appear as a dialog box
• File> CAD Menu> Workspace>
Preferences
• On Preferences panel select Task
Navigation and change presentation to >
Dialog
same options as on tool bar

just presented differently ~ MX Anol'l' :SIS
MX MOO'!,
this can be pinned as I

~ ,~MXOr'
t:,>

h"
MX (.II!>pI4,
before
I '" Vosu.".
[J Ii Report I
- - - - -1
collapse/expand menu
1. The toolbar view for the Tasks menu can be changed to a dialog view. To do this we need to go
to the CAD settings for our MX session.
2. From File> CAD Menu> Workspace> Preferences. The preferences panel appears on the
panel select Task Navigation and then Presentation. Change this to Dialog.
48
• IVlXROAD Suite dialog menu ...
- Hot keys .. .
• to activate hot keys
- set position mapping preferences
• File> CAD Menu> Workspace> Preferences> Position Mapping

- select use position mapping
Q= New Plan display

hot keys
1. Hot keys can be set to access the MX Menu structure in the Tasks Menu. To activate the Hot
Keys the user will have to go to the CAD Menu> Workspace> Preferences> Position Mapping.
Then select Use Position Mapping.
2. On the Tasks Menu now you will have letters or numbers just select the letter or number on your
keyboard and the relevant MX Panel will pop up.
49

• MXROAD Suite dialog menu ...
- Individual toolbars ...
select and hold on option

dditional functions
50
I
II-.f-- - - - - - - '' - --·-·· - · - -- ·- -- -- - - - - - - ·--- -· -- - - -----f

• IV1XROAD Suite dialog menu ...
- Individual toolbars ...
• customize ...
I') /" Y ~~ - RMB on toolbar to access options
.. C...·. ThrulPoW' ~V
'" 1list"",.o.G<.><Ie lhry 2 Pcints
I tick/un-tick options required
.", Pcrtl W«1'J\bl:lOn
'" O ossl" o. G<odI<f'It

5how~
r
l ... · ..
.., Curve Th'\J 3

."
Pt*tl~
Dtl.t~,,~ ()- Gr~n-.-uz Pcr.t~
I
Pofnt lriOttf\ollltiOn .....-
option un-ticked is removed
from tool bar
"' =-;M~ I
51
• Open the MX Output Window
- dock the Window (drag to bottom of frame)
'Pin' then 'unpin! the Output Window
.. From CAD > tools select menu

- on CAD menu select Workspace> Preferences
.. Task Navigation > Presentation >
On menu select Suite
• select MX View and open 'MX Status as toolbox'
customise MX Status toolbar by removing 'Point Information
52
Bentley Inc. MX- Road V8i 2)
I ----- - -- _ .__.. ...
Status
• Deriving information from the display
• Two basic forms of information:
- Point-related - ToolTip on string contact
• choice of information - select View> Preferences
• information at cursor or in mini-window
• coincident strings identified by'> >' in panel
- Distance/dimension related - data panels
• select View> Status - choice of..
- Curve through 3 points..
- Distance/Gradient between 2 points..
- Point Information
- Measure Crossfall and Distance
- These can also be accessed through the Status toolbar
53

t
<
( .
I I-+~---~""""-----·--··--·--·----················-···-------- ......- - - -- ...-
Status Point related
• Select View> Preferences

• Tooltip gives instant status
~ Changes as cursor moves
- MiniFrame Window retains info
when cursor moves
- OE:SIGN
>00
s..b'tltI'lIII'I(• ....ciOD
Roode,..._
-.,.,
,-=,"3m7.sea Y""I"SS_esJ~
--
;:-J:Zl.12J
Pfcfl::,cnces .f1JfRl ~ ' o_
~78 J5 5l.0942i1
T..... ~-.
0 0~SI_ T_
o Hi#tJ"I. SI.!M EIooml

D U:e_'...."'.- use Tab key to display
O ecinol ~. d.......jl next
S ~)
")1-----
r"" s"'"
TCOOJI
1. Only information relating to the string selected will be displayed.
2. Feature strings in MX are 3-dimensional and contain X,Y and Z at each point.
They do not hold information about chainage, bearing and radius. If these boxes
are selected no information relating to chainage, bearing or radius will be
displayed.
3. When two or more strings lie under the cursor the » symbol will be shown. By
clicking the right mouse button the ToolTip will change to show the next string in
the list. Alternatively, you can press the tab key to scroll through the strings, but
you must keep the cursor over the strings in question.
4. A MiniFrame Window is used when you would prefer to have the ToolTip
appearing in the same position at all times. The window can be placed anywhere
on the screen. The current string can be displayed in magenta by turning on the
Highlight Status Element.
5. If the background of the ToolTip turns to red, it shows that the picture has
become out of sync with the model file. Use Display> Plan with Styleset to
refresh the drawing.
54
Ii-t--=------""""""-----' - --- - - - --,
Status Status toolbar

• Activate the Status Too/bar
- View> Too/bar
r /Y ,x
A Be 0 EF G
A Curve through 3 points
B Distance/Gradient between 2 poin ts
C Point Information
D Measure Crossfall and Gradient at a string point
E Hide/Delete from Graphics
F Show Hidden Graphics
G Manipulate Tex t
1. All these functions can be accessed through the View menus.
55
Point Selection Methods PSM
• PSM is the MX snap setting .Urtxked
~
Pci-I.
~
Inle!teCt
X'1'Z C4ncd
J=37525::=-;,418=---,=1I=
11 4=.585:::-- 'I=9'39.=(0)=-----:::-;; xv- - - - - , - - - ' lIormai
"""" ...
ChaIhoOO •• •
r~X't'
156.51S57
IN/A
•
- !
I
To set global PSM - RMB into
frame selector
To change the PSM on any panel
Right click in point contra' box
f'I<on D iU~ IO•....w,g Unh) 15. G519f>
Cut • Select from the menu
IN/A COl'\'
IN/A PMI_
1. All the PSM's are set to a default PSM. For example, XYZ is the default PSM.
Using the right mouse button, the PSM can be changed to any of the others. It
will revert to the default when the panel is closed.
2. This default can be changed using the 'Unlocked' area of the status bar (below
the MX graphics window). Click into the 'Unlocked' area with the right mouse
button. Select the preferred setting. PSM setting can still be changed on panels
as before.
3. The Single Pick setting is for defining how points are selected from the screen.
The two methods of working are:
a. Single Pick - this returns the required value when the mouse button is
clicked. For example, when using PSM 'Intersection', place the cursor over
the intersection of two strings, the XY coordinates are returned.
b. Multi Pick - you need to select all the data explicitly. For example, when
using PSM 'Point', two picks are required, one to select the string and the
second to select the point.
56

.
II +----=--~~-----'-- ···· ······-··~· .. - - · --······--·
Status Curve through 3 points
Poi1t
113 Iccos I Wocel
PoQ I R ~el
Iccos
. 0
115
Point
115 Iccos I
-1
0°
R~
=:::l
Radius and circle 179.04400 Righi.
~~ ') ~
centre reported and CenlJe
drawn 137574.27054 11102051016
1. This is a graphics tool which is extremely useful for the highway or railway
designer.
57
Status Distance!Gradient
FW> D~ 11 8.~
Sk>c>oO"""" bS9l296
f'l., D....... IO '~ U""'1 (I ees2
Gud ..' ()=Gl1OIl=-
'""I
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B.-.g IllH9 S2.U4
......
1. In this example both points have levels and so gradient and level difference is
available.
58
· -
If+-=~-----'------ -···------ --·--- - - ---.-...--- - -- - -- --
Status Point Information
Port
Port
I
t.l....,s;", fTjj
• Use PSM's to get N...t>:'cA OociNll'I>: . fl::i
information about
intersections and
normal intersections
• Set marker size and
number of decimal
points
1. The Point Information function derives information from a string point, or from
string or normal intersections. Right click to access the relevant PSM.
59
. .-- - - -- - -----1
Status easure Distance and Crossfall

• I
1. In this example, the point selected is on a reference string, the crossfall to the
carriageway edge, and the gradient along the reference string are displayed. The
annotation arrows reverse when crossfall or gradient are negative.
2. Using the icons you can:
a_ Select a point on any string
b. Move along the string from point to point using the forward and backward
arrows
c. Set the options including; default zoom factor and annotation options
d. Zoom to selected point
e. Adjust the annotation size
3. You can also select a range of points.
60
I . .. _ _._- -
-. -
- ._
Lab Tooltip and Status Tools
• Place the cursor over a string to check ToolTips

• If '»' symbol appears try using the right mouse button
to view additional information
• From View> Preferences adjust the sensitivity
- Change the data to be displayed
• Set up a MiniFrame Window and use cursor status again

• Use the various status functions
1. Note if none of the strings display a chainage value, even if you have asked for
it, this is because all the strings in the survey are 3D and only have an X, Y and
Z value at each point.
61

+----------'-----.----. --- .--.-------------~
Model analysis Triangulation

• Surveyor Design models contain strings
• Analysis uses a triangular mesh - continuous surface
- - --- -: :,- - ---

~'; :
, . ,,, : '
I
'.
" .. - ----- ----,.--- - . -~
I
I ,
P'''' - no links
• '
,,.'"
.'
I
I
.. , ' I
r
I
.
.. ~.-
.'
': . __ __ ___l ___ _ .. _. . .. _

I "
I
I
~
:.
....t
//
,,,I '" :
-;"0:.':.: :: : :~ : ::: : ;=~E
•
string model triangles - linked strings triangles - point strings
Note: triangle sides cannot cross string links
1. Existing or proposed surfaces are modelled using strings along breaklines in the
surface, such as kerb lines, river banks, carriageway edges etc., with level and
point strings 'filling in' the rest of the detail. However, when analysing a model it
is always better to form a triangulation mesh from the string data. In this way,
data cannot be missed.
2. When creating the triangular mesh from the strings, the triangles should be as
equiangular as possible. MX triangulation routines have an extra criterion which
states that string links must be maintained (unless you specifically change the
setting). This means that a string link must become a triangle edge, even if the
triangles become elongated.
3. String links are only maintained if the levels at each end are valid.
4. Within MX, two types of triangulation can be generated . The first uses only one
model to create the triangulation, for use when contouring, while the second
uses two models to create an isopachyte triangulation , allowing the level
difference between the two surfaces to be analysed.
62
I-- =:;...--=--..L...----.--- ---.-- ---. -
Model analysis data conflicts

• Intersecting strings - two levels at common XY
• Duplicate paints / links - common XY - different Z
what happens here?
l~ ..and which level?

! i/
~
~
A
perspective
It is essential to resolve conflicts before

final sections or contours produced
1. When triangulating, data conflicts within the model are resolved by MX as

follows :
a. intersecting links - insert intersection point
b. duplicate points - discard one point
c. duplicate links - discard one link
2. In the above situation there are two possible levels to use at the intersections.
MX will select the level from the first link encountered which in this case could
result in a 'tent' shape over the crossing link.
3. All the points in the model will be included in a triangulation unless:
a. the string is excluded by masking
b. the point has a null level
c. a boundary string is used
d. the string is a text string
4. Triangulation strings are 330 strings. The coordinates of the vertices and
centroid, the maximum gradient (and its direction) of the triangle, and the group
code are examples of the information stored.
5. A triangulation model will have the extension 'TRIA' added as an extension to the
model name, to identify the model type. Only triangulation strings can be stored
in a triangulation model.
63
II t - - - - - -- ' - - --·.. ...- - - - -- - · - - - - - - -- - - ---j
Model analysis Checking data

• The survey is critical to the design
• You must check that it contains no serious errors
surface analysis check levels for serious errors
surface checker search for standard errors
1. The three most common forms of problem in a survey are "null" and zero levels and
crossing string links.
2. The null level, strictly speaking, is not an error; it may well have been introduced
into the survey where the surveyor is not certain that he can reliably give you a level
on the point. However, it it essential that you know where this occurs, so that you
can interpret correctly the results of analysis.
3. The zero level, on the other hand, is a major problem, unless your scheme really is
set at or about the level datum! As far as MX is concerned, the value zero is a
genuine level, whereas in some software it may be used to record the fact that no
level exists. Obviously, it is of prime importance that you find all occurrences of zero
levels and that you rectify the problem .
4. The third common problem occurs when two strings cross at different levels. This is
described on the following pages, but these intersections must be found.
5. Surface Analysis and the Surface Checker can be used on both survey and design
models, to find Significant data errors.
64
11-1-- - - - - - - - ' - - - - - - ...-.--- ....- -.-.-... ... --.-
Surface Checker
• Checking for data conflicts
- Select Analysis> Surface Checker
• Select Model Name, and

Masking if required
• Select Options tab to set
3 Symbol Height and Width.
Level Difference Tolerance
can also be set here
• Select the Checks you wish to
perform
• Click Apply
1. The results are displayed using symbols.
2. Two models can be created , a temporary Surface Checker model and a

temporary Surface Checker Triangulation model.
3. You can delete or rename and save the temporary Surface Checker model, you
can also delete or retain Surface Checker information on the display.
4. A second temporary Surface Checker Triangulation model is created if either the

Coincident Points or Intersection Points report is requested. You can delete or
rename and save this model.
5. The Temporary Surface Checker model contains; pre-defined strings (one for
each check carried out), the string contains one point for each instance found.
The strings are named for example, PLOW for the low point check.
65

Surface Checker
• Checking for model conflicts
- Surface Checker: Report
Zoom to - Zoom Factor is applied

'Ul.e>ok llao ......' U90P",sWo!I:I Hid>PwIol l""p"p,1 Concidor<ill when you click
1<Vlco s )( y Z Edit - highlighted string point
rw.; 3l$l 1!IJ 117.sm .mOO) values can be changed
rw.; 1TI17.'J!JJ 11e68 S1 6 mOO)
, FOO1
FOOl
37116101
S7095
115'H13
11 5a'J 03'J
- (0)
-mOO)
• Update - applies the edit
F\ll1 l~-!Oj 11.7'.l$1 Delete ... removes the highlighted
,'9'l'l.(0)
mOO)
5
6 FW :Ji1)76.863 1I4SJ, geJ
7 FOOl =.~ 1111 '-21:1 .S9S(0) point
S FOOl J701UlO 1Imm ,S9S(0)
Undo - the last edit action

9 FOOl 371007< 11 3S1fi:l6 _OCO
10 rooT 371 « 11 2 lI ll16<83 mOXl

Prints the reports or saves to a file
11 FOO1 371 S9 390 1127S 052 ·9'l'l.OCO
12 roor mao.m 1l2'~ 995 ·mooo
13 f OOl 311!l1549 1122'58'5 -(0)
~L±J _!.L~J ..:J .§!J

z-r..... s.... /l _ zv.... r_
~ ,mOO) I
<SoQ.
"'-'
I
1. To investigate a reported point

a. Review each of the tabs
b. Select and highlight an Index number
c. Click Zoom To to move to the point in the display
2. To edit a value: Click and highlight one of the points in the Index column, then
a. click the Edit button. The 'String Name and the Z value fields at the bottom
of the panel are updated.
b. Change the Z Value
c. click the Update button. The level of the point is modified and the point
removed from the list.
66
Bentley Systems, Inc, MX- Road design V8i (SELECTseries 2)

I . - - .- --~- .. -.-.. -- -- ...... ... _ - ---_..._ ---
Modify Edit models

• Modify> Edit Models amends complete models
I Modfy 10isPIaY
L ...EdtrMdel<
Edit StmQs
Draw V'1SU!IIse. R
•
•
v ••• _I...
Create Composite ~I...
~
3D model from AutoeAD or
Edt Pokt • Renanli1ModeI...
Delete Model.. .
MicroStation 2D "spot levels"
Copy • 2D t"o 30 Surface... V trim strings inside/outside a

Move
Copy Transformatton Wizard...
• ~ boundary string
Trim to a Boundety...
Cross 5e(tiooaI Editor ... Free/se-:ure-Model... _ _
-- put temporary lock on model
1. The modify functions allows you to edit models and strings, for example
correcting errors in a survey.
2. Free/secure Model toggles the model state from a free model (a model which
can be changed) to a secure model (a model which cannot be amended).
3. Some of the functions available through this menu are also possible through the
Explorer.
67

II--I-- - - - - --IL - - - -- - - - -- ---.------- - - - . -·- ··-·.--··.· . ·....-... .....- -
Modify Edit strings

~ ~ L'!... I'4lJ.!I« e._ I ~ .:.>1-),. 'jl!l ~ ';::;
eot_
q~~==:J{
Porilt
Ed(
', "..... ~no~..·
(re$e .) !b'illa'...
!II
' ''flY
,..". •
Cf~e a 8alrJd.wy ~ Modft.,.
C/~a CCftcu strw.v;..•

u ellto ;'jT~t Strt'l9 l "
}
",<1<>.,.,.".- ... r~ '_ .
COpyT,...r_W",d...
~, Se<br:n>I..- ... create
"""•• ~~Extr. ~ ...
er_", ClooQo. C.-low. ~ ...
Add !i<c>e~. ,.,." ...
00I<te 5.....0(.)...
_2_..
00Ieu!m>Q.;.a..,. ...
l;Jn5lri'!Qs V.\:,,wd .•.
delete
f'~teSb n:s- ...
9'J!t ~~ ...
-..Stt'i>Q''''
Tnn;ot. 5<mq>...
J manipulate
X. Sl!irQ trrn on.:;:t .. ,
E6t (orttv L ~'tf ."
Ch>nQo,,,,,,.,.,.,, ,_ . .
~ St' ~S<b4\cl........".
} change names
produce master
}
C~tto,,60 ~st:rnQ .. .
G.tn!cUOI "'-Mtt:!st:rn;I•.•
strings
1. The functions available are used to amend the details of the strings in a model.
It is important to note that the model data are being amended when using these
options.
2. Some of the functions available through this menu are also possible through the
Explorer.
68
(
(
1 - - - - - ----'- - - - - - . .. ._...._......_- - _.....•....._- _ .
Modify Create a string dynamically

• Modify> Edit Strings > Create a String Dynamically
Add point before ~ 1 Add point after
Insert poinl ~ Add a gap
Delete Point ~ ~ Replace part of string
Add Point - f
Save
Snapping Tools
1. You can construct a string from any combination of new points and existing
string points. You then save the string with a new or existing string name. In the
latter case, this overwrites the existing string .
2. The snapping tools are as follows:
a. Turn on shortcut keys and autoload
b. Select in free space (no snap)
c. Snap to one point on string
d. Load all points from string
e. Load points from start of string to selected point
f. Load points from selected point to end of string
g. Load points from string between selected points
3. Snapping tools can be greyed out when they are not applicable to the action
button selected.
4. Right clicking reverses the direction of the last selected range.
69
II+---~~=----··---·---·-----· - - - -.....- - . - -.- -...-..- . - - ---1
Modify Delete entire strings

• Full or partial names can be used
- Use the '7' as wildcard for partial names
if partial name given, confirmation required
1. Unlike Delete from Graphics (in the View menu), this option will remove strings
from the model. Once the strings are deleted, there is no way of retrieving them
i.e. there is no 'undo' function.
2. If the strings are on the display, they will be removed from the display.
70

- - --------
Modify Truncate strings

• Used to shorten strings
before
r- f'rCit'/'i Sl&Il
r Fr~ End
after
,
r
PonIl4-' to Tnrc/lUl
Par.
use PSM's to define

truncation point
1. Truncating a string trims the unnecessary length of a string. It is important that

the correct end is selected when defining the length to be truncated - use the
status arrow to confirm direction of string before running the function.
71

I
Modify Edit points

• Edit Point functions
Delete One Point...
include:
Delete Many Points...
- adding points to string
Ecit Points... • before or after existing
points
Change a Single Siring Dimension...

• inserting or interpolating
Change String Dimensions... - deleting points
Add a Point to a String... • singly or a range
Change Cadastre Point... - changing point values
Interpolate a Point onto a Siring...
- adding gaps
Insert Gap inlo a String...
Insert Gaps into a Suing...
Delete Loops and Tail Ends...
72
(
(
I f - I - - - - -- - - ' - - - - ---- - --·---·- ------·-·· -----------·-··---·-..- - - -..--- -
Modify Delete one point

• Select point to delete
- MX fills in model, string and point number
_-------£<aJ2
ModeIN...... OK before
ISURVEY MOD EL ..:J AW;
Sltl1v N_
IOCXXl ..:J ConceI
4 5
3----_--...
IOktoe$ (0) :::oJ
P"" lo D.....te
PoO-t
, 1<1
after
3 4
Note - point numbers change 2
1. When the point is deleted, all subsequent points are immediately renumbered.
73
Modify Edit point
• Amending values at a point
- select string and pOint
- revise X,V or Z values
- return to original option
- set Z= zero or null (-999.0)
1. This option allows you to amend the coordinates of a point. The new
coordinates can be given using any of the point selection methods.
74

I '
,
\
Modify Insert a gap in a string

• Select model and string
• Select where the gap is to start and end using PSM's
or.
IBIG BHID SUFMY :::J !>WI
5 1mg 1I&<re lam :::oJ c.nc.j
:::J
Sl4rt
XI'
137088.585 111721.5IiO
I
J WOOl.
1. The gap is inserted by removing all points between the specified start and end
points.
75
J -_ .. _-_.
Lab Model analysis and data check
')(ZI
BD04/ ~~ "
• Analysis> Surface Checker
on the survey model
- correct any bad levels
• Make these changes
/
·'9Z
I 1 hedge'
- delete the building BD04
- build a fence from the three
hedges
- trim the tangled part of IW09
- change IW08 to the next
IW09 ~
open fence string
- add a gap to hedge across
the stream
- change the grey strings to
any other string type you
~ wish
1. When changing string names, the descriptions in the list are derived from the
associated feature set.
2. Note how the renamed strings are redrawn with an appropriate linestyle and
colour. These are derived from the related style set.
76
Checking the survey
• The survey is critical to the design ...
• You must check that it contains no serious errors ..
surface analysis - check levels for serious errors
surface checker - search for standard errors
1. The three most common forms of problem in a sUNey are "null" and zero levels and
crossing string links.
2. The null level, strictly speaking, is not an error; it may well have been introduced
into the sUNey where the sUNeyor is not certain that he can reliably give you a level
on the point. However, it it essential that you know where this occurs, so that you
can interpret correctly the results of analysis.
3. The zero level, on the other hand, is a major problem, unless your scheme really is
set at or about the level datum! As far as MX is concerned, the value zero is a
genuine level, whereas in some software it may be used to record the fact that no
level exists. Obviously, it is of prime importance that you find all occurrences of zero
levels and that you rectify the problem.
4. The third common problem occurs when two strings cross at different levels. This is
described on the following pages, but these intersections must be found .
77

- _......_---_.._ - -
Surface Analysis Wizard

• Provides a range of surface analysis functions
- Select Analysis> Surface Analysis>
• Select Next> to start

NOI<I )
analysis
S.!ocI 'he, .Stm,) '" .1'~ M odel • Select Options> to set
defaults for this project
Imlifil :::I
T~... s!'~N.... :::J
:::oJ
Opbon:
1. The Surface Analysis Wizard creates a triangulation of the model which is used to
analyse the surface.
2. Options displays the defaults menu panel. You can set default values for this
project. Preset values may be amended while using each analysis tool.
78

- - _.__._._- _. - - -I
Surface Analysis Wizard

• Analysis menu
- All functions based upon the surface triangulation
E1 [«ItO.i.}
< Bock.
[i]lO'td Bordo>
C«>c:eI
~ Siqy, 9<ind . )
~ A:pe<' Bord»
g fl>IS p'lo >
~ S'e<J>S" - ,
~ FIoH~fCWl': ')
~ S. l oogS odIon,
l2ID Doploy T~ ) Op!lOrL.

c.!cl-moriAl<.,
;,r oo ~.
1. Options also available here as on previous panel.
79

Surface Analysis ontours
• Generate contours
- Overwrite default values as required
Con1ours - - ~
~lev<b l stnIXIIhtlg l
Hmo N.,.,
/J" .... ConI"," ,~.. v.. 11 :.:::J
( Bock < Bock
PI_ C"'""'" 'rl...val 15
-=- --3
--"'·
Smoothing - allows MX to introduce vertical curvature into triangulation

- smoother contours , ideal for landfill schemes
- large storage overhead - use with discretion
1. The initial characters of the contours are 0 and 0 (zero). They can only be
changed in the Options panel.
2. Smoothing the triangulation involves sub-dividing the triangles, depending on the

shape of the surface.
80

_.. _- --_... _ - _.__. _......._.__.__...
Surface Analysis Level bands
• Can display all contours above, below or between levels
- Can be created
• From triangulation - quick but coarse resolution
• From contours precise but takes longer
-
-
I c:w1 U4nd -- --- lffil
It·- I e- I
MriTlsn l .n'll 12:3l!llOO I
t~pI )
I
"_LmI 132Il$990 I
. 8...
I
r.D~ L"""'_ 1 ~1mI :d
c.ne.. I
..-,d
I:W.!El :tl
K.,. I
(" O""",, l ..... _
~1::l]
I
r ~ L""_
l ...... _
I '"
I
.....,
1. This function will take the triangulation and divide it into 10 bands (by default).
Each of the level bands is then coloured to display the height of the contours.
The Key button is used to display a table showing the colour and the range of
levels it represents.
2. If the bands are calculated from the triangulation, the level of the triangle centroid
is used to determine into which band the triangles is to be placed. This can result
in the bands having a jagged appearance.
3. If the bands are calculated between contours, the wizard will create contours at
the levels required and then re-triangulate these new contours. This results in
each of the bands having a smooth edge.
81

(
Surface Analysis Wizard Review

• After each analysis function
- Select Back> to define new values
- Next> for new function
- Check Delete Analysis From The Display to reduce confusion
- Check Compress Model and DrQwing Files
recommended after
final analysis
- Finish to save
temporary models Cick Frilh 10 end or click Nexl > fOf r... lher Sutf~
An~
and exit
Click <Bad: 10 ,edo cu'enl Surface Analysis, Frish
..OlOO
1. Once an option has been completed, the review panel is displayed.
2. When you click Finish, you are able to save the temporary models created by the
wizard. The triangulation model should be saved for future use by other analysis
functions which may be used later in the design process.
82

I ------ ---~ - - - -- - - - -- - _...... ,.,
ab Surface Analysis
• Analyse the survey model

-- Display the triangles
• Contour the existing ground model

- Use the default values to start
• Display the level bands

- Apply the flow arrows (change default colour)
• Create a simple long section along an arbitrary base

line
- Use XY to select start and end points
• When analysis is complete, Finish>

-. Rename the triangulation model to SURVEY TRIANGLES
- Delete all other temporary models and Finish>
1. At the end of this workshop, the triangulation model is to be stored to be used for
creating the earthworks slopes and to generate existing cross sections.
83

-- I -
Housekeeping
• Surface Analysis and other functions use temporary
models
- Can get very large - especially if smoothed contours used
- Frequently not stored for re-use
• Temporary models and other deleted data are retained

in the modelfile until you use Compress
• Before Compress
- Model and string names removed from lists
- Coordinates remain inside the modelfile
- Compress functions will completely remove this data from the
modelfile
1. Whenever MX is asked to delete data it leaves the data behind in the modelfile!
Instead, it deletes any reference to the data by removing the model and string
names from the relevant lists - "if it's not in the list it doesn't exist"
2. This naturally results in the modelfile getting larger and larger as time goes on .
When initially set up the modelfile can hold 500,000 MX records (about
35,000,00030 points). This modelfile, when full, would be approximately 2.5GB
in size! If it ever gets to 95% full a splash panel will be displayed stating
"Recommended Compress of the Modelfile". You can't ignore it as you have to
select OK to dismiss the panel. What you may not be aware of, however, is that
the model has already been expanded by 10%. So, you can see that if you are
warned several times , the modelfile will have been expanded by 10% of it's
current size each time and will take up very large volumes of disk space . You
have been warned!
3. Continual use of the Surface Analysis functions without any housekeeping being
done, even on quite modest projects, can result in very large modelfiles
(modelfiles >130mb are not uncommon in this situation). So, ensure that you
"Compress" the modelfile regularly (say, at the end of each MX day).
4. The housekeeping tools are found under File> File Management and it is
recommended that you use both the Report Modelfile and Compress functions.
84

Housekeeping
• Backup the model.fil before selecting File> File
Management> Compress
• Tools for model file management include:
- File> File Management
• Compress... to remove "deleted" data
• Report Mode/file... to learn about space available,
and the condition of the modelfile
(: t<t odel fiJ OK I!

('" D ~ICI''''''""9n. ~~ Ii
Dolb GM be Io!l horn u.. rnocltl'.., i' tho Cancel I!
~ a..,ho"dIm9lhao;lf11lreumodei
flo option. II is adviII!IlIe to l4ke 0 C<lIlY of the
fI'IOdd flo bel",. ~
1. Before you compress the modelfile make a backup copy. If you should be
unlucky and the computer crashes part-way through the compression it is
possible (but extremely unlikely) for the database to become corrupt. By taking
your own copy beforehand you are safeguarding against a very unlikely disaster.
2. You could use Windows ExplorerTM to take a copy (right click model.fil then copy
and then in the same pane right click - paste - you will get Copy of model.fil) or
you could use WinZip or a similar application. This is strongly recommended if
your modelliles are very large, as MX will need space to take its own copy for
the Compress function.
85

Housekeeping
-"
--
~ru;..< "" ...
"""')0.... 1(• ...

-:;t ,.
F'n't.. .
~ rtPt .........,..
- [':::Jrx Note - Use Windows
e~ "n ... r WodolFlo 01'
I Explorer or "Zip" the
","" .
r.~ ..... ", I modelfile to backup
~t~ •.
n. [). . . unbft.._tlw~tk...
I '"'"
ton<4 I data
, l ·........
_ _ _ __ ~a""'6.n"o"~"'"
1Jt~ 1l• ....,... .. ""~&""'d!I'CI
J How full?
------ ~
,... i
-
"
'"'1)1
-- d~ U-- What condition?
O"O' ...... FIo_ -
ro-...,,_
r Choctrr.~Ptw.,
--
~
I
I
What is wrong?
86
,
\
Housekeeping
• Before compression
NUMBER OF RECORDS ACTUALLY OCCUPIED 19 4515 OUT OF 608& USED

NUMBER OF RECORDS AVAILABLE IS 99999999
COMPRESS \JIll LEIIVE 99995484 llHICH IS
EQUI VAI.EllT TO 2000000000 3-D POIIITS
999
END OF REPORT----·- ·--·- - - -·-------------·- -··-+- --------·-- - .----+-.--.---.-----------
accessible data total data stored
1. First, Check Model File Records - the results are displayed in the Output
Window.
2. The number of records occupied shows how much data is registered within the
modelfile, and is accessible_
3_ The number of records used is the total amount of data that has been stored in
the current version of the modelfile. This includes both accessible data and
deleted data.
4. MX also reports the maximum size of the modelfile - in the example shown
above it has been set to 500,000 MX records in anticipation of very large
amounts of data being processed. Normally you would not need to worry about
this.
5. Note: Model.fil is a binary file and must not be edited using standard editing
techniques. It is recommended that a backup of the project structure, including
model.fil, is made at regular intervals during the project development. This has a
number of advantages, such as; development and testing of multiple strategies,
rewind development by one or more intervals, safeguard against computer disc
crash and data loss. This implies that the regular backup is written to a separate
device or machine. 87

l
--~ .. ~ ...
- --- ----.--.--~
Houseke ping
• Checking the modelfile after compression
OOHF1'ESSMDEU I u:
(' C""'=k Mod<! Fio! ReC(.< d!
r. P#ModoI Pan..~
~87
r ~), Slrfig PoOk<.
I l!O!JUFltE RlIIl1"E!! CHE($; ----- -- -~---__I C<rUI
I!OOEL - ilES 1Gli l2 H OU'17J
TRIA t12 HQ 6§ G71
K - SFJ;T I o.~ 1 3S H I ?211102
KOOCL - DESIQl GD9'2l9 U ln~12:2'12 n s:
1".oo£L - S-OR','EY l S.a 2H O,"UU

\
HOOEL - [IESIQi PUSO'PER 16 18Z130 l< 168
tKXlEt - SUR'I E'( TRU)lC1.ES TR II, 1 !iUltOe. 36.U
aro OF !'Ol!:n::R ClEO< - o POl'!{TER ERI\'OR(S) FOtWO
I ~ 'lj
" the important number, should be zero
1. After compression check the number of modelfile records occupied. The

number reported as occupied should be equal to or very slightly less than the
number used. If it is ever greater, you probably have a corrupt modelfile. This is
where you will be thankful that you took a copy before you started!
2. Always run Check Model Pointers. MX will read through the lists of models and
strings and check the integrity of the internal pointer structure. If it is in sound
condition the message "0 pointer error(s) found" will be issued.
3. If this report gives an indication of pointer errors you will need to find out where
the corruption lies. Select Check String Pointers - MX will then read every string
in every model and will identify which string has become corrupted . How you
recover will depend on which string (and its type) has become corrupt.
88
(
I ...--.-.-.-
If---/---- ------'--- - . - -.----....-~
· -..--- ..-..----- ..- ---.--. ---.-- -.--
Lab Housekeeping
• Check how full the modelfile is and compress it if
necessary - use the techniques given on the
preceding pages
• While you are about it check the size of the current

drawing and compress it as well - you may be
surprised at the saving in disk space
• Check that the modelfile is sound after compression

- delete any backup copies after you have checked.
Remember: Compress your modelfiles regularly!
89
J - -- - ----- - - - -. - -
The design tools

• The previous sections relate to some of the functions
available for the import, display and proving of the
survey
- and the very essential housekeeping functions
• The next segment introduces the range of design tools
available within MXROAD
• but first, a bit more about the String Naming Convention

(SNC)
90
I
IH---- - - - -" ' - - - - - -- - - - -·····------ - --·----·- ··-- - - ···--··- - -----j
The String Naming Convention

• MASTER string (the primary axis) is named by you
• All other strings named by MXROAD
- defined within the library templates
- by feature type from the feature set MXROAD.FNS
- fully-defined naming convention - lets you get on with the design
- mandatory that MXROAD.FNS is associated with the design
model
1. The String Naming Convention may sometimes be abbreviated to SNC
91

I f-. !-------~'--.-----.-.--- .....- - . - - - -...--- - - - -- --... _ - .-
The String Naming Convention

• Each character has a meaning
1 2 4
1st character 4th character - the

the carriageway occurrence of the feature,
component - carriageway, moving outwards
shoulder, earthworks etc
2nd character 3rd character - the road

the type of feature '- identity - 0 to 9, A to Z
carriageway edge, top of
kerb, front edge of footway
-
1. All road chainage lines are MASTER strings.

2. The primary axis is named MC@? where @ = the road identity and? = any
alphanumeric character
3. The road identity is a single character within the range 0 to 9, and A to Z. Thus,
there can be up to 36 separate roads within an MXROAD project.
4. All carriageway feature names have the same third character as the master for
that road.
5. Other features are categorised by the first character defining the general type of
feature, such as a carriageway string, shoulder or verge and so on.
6. The second character defines the particular type of feature.
7. The fourth character defines which side of the road and which "occurrence" of
the feature it is, working outwards. 0 to 9 and A to H indicate the left side, while
I ("eye") to Z are strings to the right.
8. Typical examples of string names would be ...
a. MC40 - Master string for the road 4 in a project area
b. CE41 - Carriageway Edge to road 4; the first occurrence out on the right
c. CTAO - Curb Top; the first to the left of road A
d. ESBL - Edge of Shoulder string; along the right side of road B
92
,I
JI-f-- - -- ---->.l'------- -,,--- -----,- " ' - - -- - - --,,---,,-,--- --- -- ""--- - -- ,,-- -
MXROAD Toolbar
• Toolbar buttons activate individual toolbar for that
function
' ......-~-'~"...~I ~-. . ._, _ _ ... ...~
~ ~.' ~. ~. A.4.~ ~ ~ ~.
MX Explorer ~
J,
i t'-----
' - - - - --
Visualise
Sections
Dynamic reports Pavement and subgrade
'- design
Surface analysis
'--- - - Cross section editor
Delete string groups - - - - - '
' - - - - - - - - - Earthwork
Hor. and Vert, alignment
'---- - - - -- Junction Design
Alignment reports - - - - - - - - ' ' - - - - - - - - Road Design
1. The MXROAD toolbar gives quick access to all the road design functions and
other commonly used options. All the options provided on the toolbar can also be
accessed from the MX menu.
93

1I-.I--==........
~-=-~--L I _ _ ___ ·___ ··_····_ __ _ _ _ __ ·_·_ ___·_ _ _ _···_···_·....._
Quick Alignment
• Intersection Point method - horizontal and vertical
- Drag and drop Intersection Points
- Move/slide IP
- Edit curve details
- Construct tools
- Easy to learn, easy to use
94
.. _ - _ ._..__.__... _
Quick Horizontal Alignment - QHA
• Access from the main menu
- Design > Quick Alignment> Horizontal Design
• Or from the Application toolbar
1. Quick Horizontal Alignment design can be accessed from either the main menu:
Design> Quick Alignment> Horizontal Design or from any of the MX Application
toolbars.
95

QHA
• Define the design
model
De:ign MadeI
ModoI N_
I Hm-:t>
• Define the Master

~~ I
IDE SIGN
( <net! String
~ S i1l-9 N ""
fmJ:il - MC__ following the
-.
o~ »
i lMa:le< Aqmom (M Cj ::oJ String Naming
Convention (SNC)
- 3 rd character is road
identity
~m!ID
~Shr,g N "'" I ~ coo
Options used to retrieve
data from another method
of Horizontal design
H ~St"01!l l ri<llltlOCion
r Qo.OckAJVrncnl, Dalb F)c (HI
r. MXG"""'""l' SItroIl
""" :<)1
1. The Quick Alignment - Model Selection dialog will require the name of the model
which will store the alignment and the name of the alignment string.
2. If you are using MXROAD the string name must follow the String Naming
Convention. If you are not using MXROAD then the string name must begin with
M.
3. General Approach includes:
a. Set general parameters
b. Place IPs in approximate location
c. Revisit each IP, repositioning or modifying curve details as needed.
96

- - - ._... _ _ . _- - - - _ .._._------__ .. ...__.. _-_....
QHA Toolbar
• Tools for creating or modifying IP pOints
• OK > to create the Master String
A H BB BFDCCED G OK
A - Parameters - default radius, transition values F - Construct tools
B - Add IP's - snap-to-point ontoft, keyboard entry G - Undo - multiple actions ...
C - Move IP - unconstrained or slide H - Reverse alignment direction ..
D - Insert or Delete IP I - Check clearance
E - Edit current curve details OK -Accept design, create Master String
1. Parameters - Set the default radius and transition parameters. Use a standard
value for the scheme and change individual curves as necessary.
2. Add an IP - Add intersection points by clicking on the drawing. Subsequent

intersection points will be connected with a straight. Adjacent straights will be
connected by a curve and a transition. Don't worry if two curves overlap - you
can correct this afterwards.
3. Move/Slide an IP - Reposition an existing intersection point by drag and drop.

The moved IP will stay where it was "dropped" unless the "snap to point" icon is
live and the IP was dropped onto a string. In this case it will snap to the nearest
string point. Another option is to "slide" the IP along a tangent. The IP will slide
along the tangent opposite which the cursor is depressed, leaving the bearing of
that tangent unchanged.
4. Insert IP - An IP will be placed between existing IPs.
5. Clearances - Check distances between the design and other known points.
Identify required clearances and then design around them.
97

QHA Parameters
• Parameters can be defined

for an entire project or
Edit Parameters single alignment
- Transitions can be defined by
Quid< Alignmenl . PdJdmC!len_ _ [1J{gJ Length, A Value, RL Value or
T, ~ Design Speed
o
O _ B~
Il"'l1h Default Radius will be for all
o.r.... L.Mgh 118
curves
Ao.Sd
- Select Angular Measure to use
lI ...... llo.Sd 1lQ)
~ M"""
r.!lffil
(" Good.
a.......
S_B" on E _...:IW~
, s;; S...,., S""'Vt '''' f ..... R.""""
1. In the parameters you can specify the default parameters you wish to use on this
alignment. The parameters will stay current for any alignment in this project until
amended.
2. Transitions can be defined by length, A Value, RL Value or Design Speed. Most

commonly they are defined by length and derived from the formulae:
3. Transition Length = ___(V XV X V)_ _ __

4. (46.7 X Q X radius of curve)
5. where V = Design Speed

6. Q = 0.3
7. R =Radius
98

------- -- -- --..------- - - - - ----- ---1
QHA Adding IPs

• IPs must be added in chainage order
- Snap Selector used to snap to a graphical point
- Keyboard Entry used to type in the X,Y values for the IP location
Snap selector AddlP
Keyboard entry
c~-';~_-L Add IP with snap on
1. Adding IP's - select the IP position with the cursor. With snap off the selection is
anywhere in the picture; turn snap on and the selection will be the nearest string
point when the cursor is covering a string.
2. As you add IP's the default curve radius and transition will be added between the
IP locations.
3. IP's can also be added by typing in the Easting (X) and Northing (Y) location.
This can be done by selecting the keyboard icon from the tool bar.
X OK
138150.00 Apply
Y Undo
111140.00 Close
QHOOO5
99

QHA Edit Curve Details
• Edit curve details of
individual curves
- Change radius
- Change transition lengtt{;:~:"":::=~=~===~r=~~~~~
Cu....~ ttlP IlU2b.l
Ludng ',oooboo Ut9h

II8,Qll
ROn
h&l OO>
, ,~ T ..,....,.,l.ot>;III
11&00>
Sded a. Cuw lo Eell m: doc.a 113 l.
Change values in panel

w;.~~___ Select curve to amend
by clicking on the curve
1. To amend a curves values, select the Edit Curve Details icon and select the
curve you wish to amend by clicking on it on the display.
2. The current values will appear in the dialog box, just amend the values and
select OK.
100

I I -+-~~~---'------ - ..·-·........- - - -- .......·-...- ...-...··- ----·-·-·....--·..... _ - - ............._ _._-
QHA Edit IP locations

• Amend any alignment by
.- Insert IP - between existing IP locations
- Move IP - by use of free drag or slide on bearing
Slide on bearing
Free move
Click on this side of the IP and

it will move on the slide
relative to the bearing before
the IP
1. To amend an IP location by free drag, select it from the screen and with the left
hand mouse button depressed move the IP to the location of your choice. Note
any curves or transitions associated to that IP will move along with it.
2. An IP location can be moved relative to a bearing of a straight you have already

positioned. Click before or after the IP you wish to move and keep the left hand
mouse button selected, the IP will move relative to the bearing depending on
which side of the IP you have chosen.
101

._ -- - _ .__ .._ ------_ ... __._ - -
QHA Construction Tools

• Construct IP tool
- Enables placement of a IP by constructing the bearing or
distance relative to another IP
• Select near required IP
• Set angle and distance
• Amend angle as needed (for 90 0 - use button)
• Apply>
1_·0.
o_ 8 _ 21.1201
11... 9_1 22U4'11
o_~
;.w, 1)1;
Rotate bearing
1. Any IP can be moved relative to a bearing, which is specified in decimal

degrees. Click on the construction tools icon on the toolbar, select from the
screen the IP to be moved and it's current details will appear in the dialog box.
2. To alter the bearing click in the bearing box and type a new bearing.
3. If the first IP in the alignment is selected, the Bearing In will display as
"Unknown". Similarly, if the last IP is selected, Bearing Out will display as
"Unknown."
4. This tool can be used to create a side road alignment perpendicular to a through
road using the following steps:
a. Place the intersecting road alignment in the approximate location. Place the
first IP on the through road centerline. (Snap to an actual string point)
b. Select the first IP on the intersecting road
c. On the Construct Tools panel, click in the New Bearing box on the Tangent
Out side. Click on the centerline for the through road, near the first IP for the
side road. The bearing for the through road will appear in the box.
d. The bearing required is to be perpendicular to the through road, use the
Rotate bearing button to step through in 90 0 increments until the
appropriate bearing is reached. Select OK > You will see the second IP on
the side road move to the new bearing.
102

- - - .-- -- . ----.-----....- - - -- .......- -..-. -- - - - - - 1
HA Create the Master String

• When the alignment is complete, click OK > to save
- Set chainage for first IP
- Set chainage interval
• Master String will be redisplayed using plan style set

assigned to the model
or,
1_ Chainage interval can be modified later in the design process by re-entering

Quick Horizontal Alignment and resaving the alignment, specifying as new
chainage interval during the save process.
103
Lab Quick Horizontal Alignment
• Model name - DESIGN

. IP4
- string name - MOO (road 1)
'" • Set curve parameters

_.
-
Design speed 60kph
default radius = 360m
IP3 - transitions = 42 .827m
\ • Set IPl onto first point of ((OF
(centre line of existing road at
\
bottom of picture)
• Set IP2 to be 250m from IPl on
same bearing as ((OF
• Set IP's 3 & 4 as follows
IP2 - IP 3 X=37958
Y=11609
- IP 4 X=37728
Y=11833
/E$.:::!!!Ii!~~~ -e
r-=======~'-----===========~ . Start (hainage = 0.00
• (hainage interval = 10m
1. Use the information provided to create the alignment for MC1 O. Your results
should be similar to those shown.
104
- -- - __ _- _ _ - ---
.. .... .. _._--_ _--_._ - _..
...
Quick Vertical Alignment - QVA

• Access from the main menu
- Design> Quick Alignment> Vertical Design
• Or from the Application toolbar
105
QVA
• Select the Master string (from the screen or list box)
• Select the terrain model to be sectioned
-- Use triangulation models whenever possible
- Add additional terrain models if desired
Ouu::.k Ptohl~ ~ ExJ~'rn.q Prllhle Mrldol

Oc'liO" Model
tIed )
M'ocwtl.ne:
10ES'G >I ::J c.ncd
:::oJ _ _' _
9ock_-,
ISURVEY TRlAlml£S (1ru.o. l
Slmg ll- ,"Cl0 :::::J Ie c.< Opaom
- ~I
fi e4SIA'V;lVerue.ol [ rt~boft'i
r 0 """............ 0 RofW'1
r. r« G......, Stmjj
U MS ~ ~o;le PIIII~. Add additional models to the profile

r Atwt;OPrctM O.cdIon
...-.,
1. Section more than one surface if required - check the collinear profile box.
Additional dialogues will appear, one per additional profile.
2. When you click Next> from the final Terrain model panel the Quick Vertical
Alignment tool bar is displayed together with the both a plan view and a profile
view containing the sectioned terrain models.
106

QVA Toolbar
• Tools for creating or modifying vertical IPs
Grad,; 4 , Cut 7.. Fil 7. 1 D~If'reroee

417 48 . 52 0.000
dynamic vertical
chainage and level current "snap" profile
scale adjustment
J- Reset Origin ., Snap to Point -"<. Move X (Skid) i!!; Zoom to Plan
i' Show Details H Lock Start/End IPs ,., Fit VC Thru Point IOl Tracking ON/OFF
• Parameters + 'Table View ;- Set Gradients ~ Annotate
g Save n Add IP n Edit IP Details
l' Curve Details ,;< Insert IP 0') Undo
m Delete profile A Delete IP Cancel

-:;: Profile Surface Details )( Move IP OK
!::i Snap Suriace Selector Slide on Grade
til Snap to Suriace A. Move Z (Bounce)
1. The vertical alignment toolbar has tools to create the vertical alignment plus
functions relating to IP movement and surface snapping. Adjust the horizontal
vertical scale relationship to suit the need of the site.
2. As the cursor is moved along the profile, chainage and level are shown. Warning
is given if the gradient exceeds the defaults set, the value is displayed on a red
background.
3. Snap to a surface - the current snap surface is indicated by the coloured square
on the tool bar. Change to the required surface as necessary.
4. The vertical profile is built using the default K-values or radii for both summit and
valley curves. Individual curves may be amended as required.
5. Warnings are given for curves that overlap, or extend beyond the limits of the
ground profile. These conflicts must be resolved before the vertical design can
be completed.
6. Curve data can be entered or modified through the Table View. As the data is
entered, the graphical display is automatically updated . The Table View panel can
be open while changes to IPs are made graphically.
107

j ...- ----. -
QVA Parameters
• Define default parameters to use for each alignment
i
;:-v_
_ v...
.
Set up default
. r D*"''t....... ~
curve values - ~c,....,..\''' ~

K values or
~(b ... ' Y_ ~
radius
.....
-'""'",
~ ~
~ Use curve length
v... n.....1,£d:r.;I
rLe."'~Clltwt.a:ol\
or radius when
rl~· ·~»~ default values set
'l a...:tVtlillQf(aw.~
'--..
to radius
ij ,J i11 9 ltJml~J
,: o-pu.rovc.~~~ . 1 -ax; 11
r P-Tilu-.,;r.,-~,,-,~.'w'C .. ... IIIIILt/ l q
(-.r..,.-.:!-.,
~. 738.366.180 rL I ~ Io..NWrnt..:.dW.....,..
s.,..~Qrt&.-~
r'Q~a....,w....
....... _ _
------
P"~~~
r"""""'GlllUI
~\I ~~ ~
Set up defaults
r ....... nt.,."..,.,-t..I
INkWD\ T..... PiIIIIII:_
1-- -~
1r-&--, I for profile
annotation
c-.
-
1. Default Values
a. Define K Values or Radii to indicate which method will be used when
creating curves
b. Hog Curve K Value
c. Sag Curve K Value
d. Maximum Grade % - all gradients will be checked to ensure that they are no
greater than this value.
e. Minimum Grade % - all gradients will be checked to ensure that they are no
less than this value.
2. Vertical Curve Locking - Vertical curve locking is used when IPs are moved to
indicate whether the radius of the curve should remain constant and the length
of the curve change, or whether the length of the curve should remain constant
and the radius of the curve change. Select Lock VC Length or Lock VC Radius
as required.
3. Annotation - Select an annotation settings file (*.mxtip) to apply and
automatically update annotation to the current working design. Selecting a
simple style at this point will keep the design clearer as you are working on it.
You can select a more detailed settings file to apply annotation when you
complete the design and exit.
108
QVA Additional Profiles
• Additional models can be sectioned
- Use to fit profile to intersecting roadway
...... N_ ax.
1 :::1
I[ o..~ I 0_., I
r. II i5 Ji
I~=G~~
I ~ ... Olhd P7<Qa
~ f'I '"
IFf!OPOSEO ROAO :::J
C«I<4I I
r;;- s_ _ 0I,e! 10 :jED
""Cdou r y I r O....)_'""s!mg
LnoSO 10 3 H
~ llolaC
10.."" 3 "
I_ i1
~-
$IN1f~
!
S... op,.
...... ,
I
::t
::01
:::J
....'"
1. Additional profiles can be added to the drawing by selecting the Profile Surface
Details icon. From the dialog, select the surface to be added to the display.
2. Tick the Show Details area to change the colour or line style defaults
3. Surfaces that are currently displayed can be removed.
4. Selecting the Advanced button adds offset profiles and/or associated strings to
the display.
109
/---=----=- --=="""'-_ ........_ _ ...._ - _..- .... .... __................_ . _ -
QVA Surface Snap Selector

• All available surfaces will be listed
• Current snap profile is selected by radio button
1. Snap surface selector lists all the surfaces to which IPs may be snapped. By
default, the existing ground surface is selected.
110

QVA Adding IPs
• To Add an IP
~ Snap to a point or surface by clicking on the display
-- IPs must be added in chainage order
-_. -_ ... -
t ____ ___ _
Snap selector-
to surface or point
1. Adding IPs - select the IP position with the cursor. With snap off the selection is
anywhere in the picture; turn snap on and the selection is the nearest string point
when the cursor is covering a string.
2. As IPs are added, the default curve radius or K Values are added between the IP
locations.
111
QVA Locking IPs
• Several methods to lock IPs

~ On first/last chainage and grade
~ On first/last chainage and level r r..tX
~ On first/last chainage r f"nt ond L• •C)( en a_
r r."..sLo.X.z
r "'0n6~X
r LoooX",r..od.
r Lo·~ K ·Z
r u.t K
--~.
,F] _ _ _ '.
Undo always available
---- First X-Z moves the I P to here
1. It is not always easy to snap to the first or last point of any profile so MX makes
it easy. When creating a profile, just select two IP locations on the screen.
Select the surface to snap to, it may be different surfaces for each IP. Then
select the Lock IP icon and choose the method from the dialog box.
2. IP's can be locked to chainage and gradient (the gradient is the derived gradient
between the IP you are moving and the next or previous one).
3, IPs can be locked to chainage and level (X-Z).
4. IPs can be locked to chainage (X).
112

Q A Table View
• Table view can be used to create or amend a profile
IP1
. - ..
IP2 IP3
ED
-
1. The Text Editor can be used to create and manipulate IPs using a table view,
rather than dynamic IP manipulation .
2. For each IP, there is a row of data cells which can be edited to manipulate the
profile at that point. To edit a value, double-click a cell, type the new value and
press Return> .
3. A red coloured cell indicates that there is an error in the value; for example, an
overlap has been detected between adjacent curves.
4. Check Show Details> , to reveal Number Format, Tracking Options, Design

Speed, Columns, Parameters and Reset.
113
QVA Move IP
• Four options to move an IP
- Free drag
- Slide on grade
- Move vertically
- Move along chainage, no elevation change
a/cursor Click on IP drag with
~--------'"'--.---
------:-::---
-------~-----------~ ------------
..
1. Check whether you want snaps on or off before you move an IP.
114

- - - - ---- .-. ---------- -
QVA Edit IP details

• Set Gradients by selecting IP and defining grades in and
out
• Edit IP details
- IP location or level
~ Curve length
Cu ve al lP Nt.rnbe1 3 Level
In· G,ade %
1330.513
12837
D <I ·G, ..oe ~
r Uce VC length
1·11.210
1-. I
r. Use u.. lerH Facto;
1. Setting gradients for any IPs except the first and last on the alignment. Select an
IP with gradients on either side, then re-specify the in-gradient or the out
gradient.
2. When the last IP added is selected , the option works as a construction tool. The
In-Gradient % will be shown and by default the value in the in-field is that to the
end of the alignment. Specify the Out-Gradient % and the distance to which the
gradient will extend to define the next IP in the alignment.
115

(
Lab Quick Vertical Alignment

• Design a vertical alignment to the following
specification
- Existing surface model - SURVEY TRIANGLES
- Set default parameters to
• summit curve K=30
• valley curve K=20
• maximum grade 8%
• minimum grade 0.5%
- Add 3 intersection pOints - lock first and last to "1st and
last XZ"
-- Set 2nd IP to be on rising gradient of 4.17% from the 1st
IP
- Set gradient at last IP to be 0.5% falling
• Profile should resemble that shown below
Vertical Exaggeration
110:1 j:j QV0101
116
f - - -------'= ' - -- - - ---- --- ------ - -- -------- ------------
Carriageway Design
• Design> Road Design> Carriageways...
• Template-based design using
-- library of road categories
- Template adjustment
- Template change along route
• String Naming is automatic
- Derived from the feature set MXROAD. fns
1. The Road Design toolbar contains the tools to creating a road design. The tools
would typically be used in the sequence left to right.
2. Carriageways
3. Rule-based Superelevation
4 . Road Widening
5. Shoulders
6. Kerbs Verges and Footways
117
Carriageway Design
• Design process
- Select road centre line
- Leads onto the template library
Ilcdd Oc.!j:", R.'... n~ Dn!.i~ : lIDDeD, , Jl B7 ~I
~ FflCf05lDRO;2.D.m.n:t~
thcI' N.ue~~ .fl6 .
Cl<l;O<"'~~thol........... 'o !homo<lL
~,••"I6,c.ntoI...t6JrU_"_ J ............ ""<I """'=_ .
~I ( -.j I
Enforced association with MXROAD.FNS if not already related
118
IH-'"'''-- - - -..--L..-- - - -..·----··- --···--·-· - - -- ·- · - - - -- - - ---·-- - · - -.....----
Carriageway Design
• Library of standard road
C\SC\ j _-'::_'--J templates
- Select graphically or from
descriptions
- Edit> becomes active
when a template is
\ Th selected
- Browse> to the different
styles folders - Public,
Project, or Private
\ '\\\\ \
1 V$W OU.\I. I/W[ u.Il[ IoU,l'IHOS[
'''D-.
oI.oIo
119
I
Carriageway Design Edit Template

• Add or delete elements
amend display scales
• Amend element width / to help interpretation
,
• Assign levels ~r_r_o...l
__f
.....
l<.l
-
by crossfall (units m/m)
I
(.~ICId;M"""'~;""bct.ot
...... I
-
or vertical offset
C>rao
I
\
\
\
!"
......
""'" ~1:l
....c - I
-II
r __
~::lHl
"-(_. I
'-----fl'
Note: amend each plane individually
120
IH-- -------........- - L -- - -·- ··--- ·- - -
Carriageway Design Edit Template

• The Reference Offset
• Save - overwrite
current template
0..... 1r...,,.., R"""""OU"' ID.o;./.>Jp" f"""
Ed<J.."·CkI; ", ,,,._)'OU "''' ' -'11'
road level - LC" • Save as - store new
\ \.---------~_______'o
_
\l. \\ template in Public or
Project library
• Carriageway levels are

\
master string - MC**
based on the LC?? String
• Note: always check the

reference offset for dual
carriageway templates
-
1. The LC** string is used by MXROAD as the basis for all levels across the
template. The superelevation functions will update the levels on the LC** string
if necessary, therefore maintaining the MC** string levels intact as the original
vertical profile design. This is done to ensure that you can go back to the
vertical profile design phase if necessary.
2. Reference offsets are normally only used on dual-carriageways. If this offset is

set to the level difference between the inner channel levels and the median level
these channels will be coincident with the vertical design profile. Generally, the
reference offset will be the same value as the kerb face .
3. When you have made changes to the template, click Next> either Save to
overwrite the template you opened, or Save As to create a new template with a
new name. You will have the opportunity to store the template in either the
Public, Project or Private folders.
121

Carriageway Design Apply Template
• Supply start and end locations for current template
- Default is the full length of the alignment
SINI
Q..Nvo N01<I >
10.00)
( Bock
Erod Canc<1
C' Row
1332.289
""""'"
122

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l \

Bentley Institute Course Guide

AutoCAD is a "<>a.e1"<>"<>"; trademark of Inc.

MicroStation ©1998 Bentley

Copyright © 2011 Bentley Systems, Incorporated

Bentley Systems, Inc. MX- Road design V8i (SELECTseries 2)

154 Reporting Model Information

-- Importing and displaying t he survey

_. Checking and amending the survey

- CAD environment tools

-- MXROAD - horizontal and vertical alignment design

- Generating the road features

- Applying superelevation to the carriageway edges

- Reporting string and model data

- Forming junctions and traffic islands

- Shoulders footways and verges v?

- Earthworks design _...y" "

- Pavement Layer Design ,./'

- Create Cross sections, "'/

1. The course consists of a series of lectures followed by practical

2. The above timetable is very general and is for guidance only.

Bentley Systems, Inc_ MX- Road design V8i (SELECTseries 2)

Basic Concepts What is MX?

display of three dimensional data

• Used from feasibility study through to final setting out

• All data are stored in the MX database

2. Originally used in the design of highways schemes, MX software is now used in

Bentley Systems, Inc. MX- Road design V8i (SELECTseries 2)

Basic Concepts surfaces ­ models

• One model per surface, such as

• No practical limit on number of models

1. Each model has a 28 character model name, with a possible 4 character

Basic Concepts surface features-strings

- 4 characters long - alphanumeric

- User-defined in both the survey and in the design

• Strings are lists of pOints - surveyed, designed or from

• Frequency of pOints is user-dependant

- To ensu re good resolution in survey

- Defined by chainage interval in design

Bentley Systems, Inc. MX- Road design V8i (SELECTseries 2)

Basic Concepts stri . 9 featu res

• Strings can also contain 1 541016.325 111060.659 51.291

4. Each item of information related to a point is referred to as a dimension. The number of

Survey stations 4 X Y Z StationlD

Master alignments 6 X Y Z Chainage Bearing Radius

Basic Concepts coordinates and units

- Z Level (-999 .0 = null level)

- DMS (default) Degr Grad Radian Quadrant

• Zero datum is grid North

Bentley Systems, Inc. MX- Road design V8i (SELECTseries 2)

Basic Concepts three essential files

Getting Started Create a New Project

- Type new project name

• check Edit Project

• check Non -tangential Bentley MXROAD V8i

Getting Started Open existing project

Check Edit Project Settings to

1. There are three methods of starting MX.

Getting Started Set project parameters

(U~ItIIIIIIU ... ff..

Ipaths set automatically... I 1"1lll

Caution - take care if changing items on Project Files tab

Bentley Systems, Inc. MX- Road design V8i (SELECTseries 2)

Basic Concepts surfaces models

II-+-------'I~ _____----------- - - - - - - - -- - - -- - - - --- - - - - - - - - - - --

11+- - - - - - - - - - ' -- - - -- - - · · - - · .... - - - - - - ._._--- - -