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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Many people missed some opportunity to work because of illiteracy in

different kind of work. According to Dr.NancyT.Pascual(2014), It is that in

January 2013, the Philippines has 7.1% unemployment rate, the highest in the

countries from the Southeast Asian nations and from which, 16.9 % of which are

college graduates . Misfit graduates are one of the considered reasons why the

country has high unemployment and underemployment rate. The reasons could

be either that the produced course of graduates misfit the demand of the present

economy, or the graduates do not poses the characteristics required by the

industries in need. This could be due to the wrong choice of course taken by

most of the college students brought about by unguided decision making in

choosing courses.

This is seen through reports that mentioned that high percentage of

unemployment and underemployment in the country is attributed to the

inadequacy of skills of some of the graduates and not meeting the competencies

needed by companies. To be able to find ways to lessen misfit qualification of

graduates to the needed workforce of companies and institutions, the

government, particularly the Department of Education finds ways to elevate the

quality of graduates before even reaching the collegiate level. This is one of the

reasons why the government implemented the K-12 program in the educational

system. One of the objectives of the Department of Education’s K-12 program is

to produce graduates who are equipped with knowledge and skills to be

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productive citizens and an additional work force to promote economic

development in the even after high school . There are many factors considered

by school administrators aside from the school curriculum or the academics to

promote student educational success. Other perspective which is characterized

by a differentiated view of schooling that promotes students’ success aside from

student learning and academic engagement is the students’ social engagement.

Students’ social engagement may require different resources such as the

counselors. One of the roles of guidance and counseling is to make it possible for

an individual to see and explore his or her unlimited endowed options. Vocational

guidance counseling, one of the major services of guidance and counseling is to

come up with career development program which enables guidance counselors

to assist individuals to identify and learn the skills by which they can be more

effective in planning for and in choosing jobs, in making effective transitions and

adjustments to work and in managing their own careers and career transitions

effectively.

He further added that the National Career Development Association

(NCDA) in the United States in 1993 noted that “Helping individuals increase self-

understanding of their abilities, interests, values and goals is a vital foundation of

the career development process”. Sad to say but very few studies are made to

investigate success of career path used in the students of the Philippines, even

the factors that affect the career choice of Filipino students. This provides us with

limited information on how to help our students identify the proper career options

and course choice they have to pursue in the future. Students are not properly
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oriented as to what course to choose out of their interest and skills but because

of the thought that these courses will provide jobs in the future. More so, students

are opt career they think will give better paying job in the future. As what posits,

“What college education can we afford that can make you finish quickly, get a

job, and start helping with family finances? In other words, their concern is not

finding guideposts in a career path, but peso signs that would lead them out of

poverty.” Given that the Philippines cannot provide enough jobs to sustain an

educated workforce, there are several challenges for career counseling in the

Philippines today. First, the matter of choosing a career in the Philippines is a

family affair. Filipino families firmly believe that an education is the “great

equalizer.” Approaching education as the “great equalizer” presumes that the

education system is based on a meritocracy in which ability, hard work, and

“rugged individualism” can lead to success; this, without underscoring the proper

career path that will lead them to succeed.

Some students dream of what they can be someday, they dreamed to

become a doctor, a Policemen or women, chef, etc. They choose their career

path according to the factors affecting them to choose. According to David

West(2013)Many factors affect career choices of high school students.

Identifying these factors would give parents, educators, and industry an idea as

to where students place most of their trust in the career selection process. It

would also allow students to examine processes they use for career selection.

College students choose their job fields for many reasons. The factors that affect

this decision include family, passion, salary, and past experiences. In addition to
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these factors, race and gender can also affect what field a student may choose.

Some professions have greater percentages of a certain gender or race. Another

thing that plays a big role in a student’s decision of what field to study is the

people or role models in his or her life. These role models can include a parent,

teacher, or a recent employer. When students are choosing a career, they may

not have all the information about the job they are pursuing. The job may involve

more math or science than students are prepared to study. Students may like

one aspect of a certain job and not understand what other aspects come with

that profession. For example some students may want to be veterinarians

because they enjoy being around animals, but students may not realize how

much school work is required to become a veterinarian. Also, students may not

be open to all jobs in their area of interest. Over time, certain job fields have

peaked in numbers versus other job fields; this can form a pattern. Tools that can

help students in their decision for certain career paths include career fairs, job

shadowing, or internships. These tools can expose students to more career fields

or areas within a certain field that a student did not know about. Choosing a

career path is a huge part of a young man or woman’s life. The career path

students choose will affect how they will live the rest of their life.

A lot of students go through college without knowing what career path they

want. Before students can pick a career path they need to experience what that

career is like and what it involves. Education is universally recognized as the

answer to socio- economic problems of the world. Nations and individuals look

up to education to provide a cure for poverty, ignorance, drought, excessive

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rainfall, mental deficiency, joblessness, bad government, poor communication

system, hunger and inadequate shelter among other things. Every nation of the

world aspires toward quality of life and social status. Career selection is one of

many important choices students will make in determining future plans. This

decision will impart them throughout their lives. The essence of who the student

is will revolve around what the student want to do with their life- long work. No

matter what one’s age is, the choice of career or desire is an important question

for everybody. A lot of student in secondary schools believe that their future is a

glorious adventures in which they are bound to succeed. Many of them have the

idea that they would be able to work in the public or private establishments as

soon as they complete secondary school education. Some have planned to

become lawyers, engineers, medical doctors, accountants and so on. Students in

secondary schools like many other young adults are always worried about what

they will do with their lives, the kind of adult they will become. They are

concerned about early entry into the occupational world and finding productive

and rewarding places in and out rapidly, fast changing societies where wages

employment is unlikely to be available on a scale sufficient to absorb more than a

small fraction of the young people when they do arrive at the labor market.

How the young people of today meet the problems of tomorrow will

depend upon the amount of success they make in planning for that tomorrow.

Planning for tomorrow itself is primarily the responsibilities of the parents,

teachers and school counselor. Students need general orientation into the world

of work through the curriculum. The choice of career is a delicate issue that
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requires caution and serious considerations. The kind of career the youths

pursue can affect their lives in many ways. For example, it can determine where

the individual lives and the type of friends kept. It can reflect how much education

one will have and determine the amount of money one will earn. People desires

from a career are different, many people desire high income; others want

adventures while some others want to serve people to make the world a better

place. Every student carries the unique history of their past and this determines

how they view the world (West,David. 2013)

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

This chapter presents the review of the related literature and study, the

conceptual model of the study, hypothesis and the definition of terms used in the

study.

INPUT THROUGHPUT OUTPUT

 QUESTIONNAIR  Survey  The factors

E CHECKLIST  Statistical affecting the
 TABLE CHARTS statement of career path of
 20 JUNIOR HIGH data grade 10 junior
SCHOOL  Analysis and high school
STUDENTS interpretation of students
(Respondents) data

Figure 1.FACTORS AFFECTING THE CAREER PATH OFJUNIOR HIGH

SCHOOL STUDENTS

The input includes Survey questionnaire to the 20 participants (10 male students

and 10 female students) who are confused about their track/strand.

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The throughput includes survey of 20 grade 10 junior high school students

in Mayamot National High School and last is the output which is the factors

affecting the career path of grade 10 junior high school students in mayamot

national high school.

Research Hypothesis

Null (Ho)- There are no significant difference between environvent, opportunity

and personality of choosing the career path of grade 10 students

Alternative (Ha)There are significant difference between environment,

opportunity and personality of choosing the career path of grade 10 students

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the factors affecting the career path of junior

high school students.

Specifically, it sought to answer the following question.

1. How do the following factors affect the career choices of the students:

a. Environment

b. Opportunity

c. Personality.

2. Which among the factor mentioned above affected the career decision of the

junior high school students?

3.How can the opinion if others affect the choices of the students in their

careers?

Definition of terms
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Career Choice This is the broad opportunities that exist for lifelong vocations.

These vocations are set out in a framework of strategies moving toward personal

goals. Fields of vocational, academic, and sociological endeavors are explored

for the purpose of satisfying personal, economic, and intellectual goals (Wattles,

2009).

Environment This is the complex physical factors that make up our surroundings

(Britannica, 2012), and in turn act upon us. For the purposes of this study they

would include the forces of family, 8 political, social, and economic issues that

both typical and non-typical students may deal with on a day-to-day basis.

Opportunity Those choices in one’s life which are exposed either in a subtle or

obvious manner. These choices or paths give the individual a selection between

two or more outcomes. The outcomes of one’s choosing may or may not exceed

one‟s present abilities (Wattles, 2009).

Personality This is characteristic way of thinking, feeling and behaving

(Stebleton, 2007). The personality is the collection of impressions in the

appearance of the Students‟ body and the impressions believed to have been

made on others, good or bad. One’s personality may embrace attitudes and

opinions that affect the way we deal with interactions of people and, in particular

to this study, the situations of choosing a career (Sellers, Satcher and Comas,

2009).

RESEARCH METHOD

The method of research that we have used was the Descriptive Method

because we are still beginners in the field. Through this process, we have
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gathered a lot of information’s from online sources that can satisfy and support

our project. The procedures that we have done was by analyzing, classifying and

tabulating data about the students who are still undecided or confused about

their plan in the near future.

Importance of the Study

The significance of the study was as follows:

1) Some students did not begin to explore ‘real’ career possibilities until after

graduation. Academic colleges, technical colleges, industry, and armed forces

could provide students with relevant information earlier in their schooling. They

could be more aggressive, giving students information they could test and use in

their daily studies and apply to their career choice.

2) Before graduating, some students have not considered enough alternative

choices in career selection to justify making an informed decision. Sources of

influence such as parents or mentors could be brought into a circle of counseling

and discussion, to help the student form a comprehensive career plan or outline.

3) Industry could examine where, why, and when it could be beneficial for them

to invest resources to train and educate students.

4) If career planning were implemented in an efficient manner, students would at

the very least be following a career plan of informed decision-making, rather than

one of happenstance.

The results of this study would be beneficial to the following:

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To the students, the result of this study can help in giving students ideas

on what are the factors affecting the career path of the students. This will be

used to guide students and inform them on what will the student choose in

college.

To the teachers, the result of this study will help as a reference of sharing

new knowledge of teachers to the in the future students. This study will serve as

a guide or evidences that teachers might use in supporting the details that have

been presented to the students who are in the state of consciousness choosing

their career path.

To the future researchers, the result of this study will help researchers

quest other research study and perspective field of specialization.

This study will also guide and serve as reference for future researchers in

conducting new study to have broadened knowledge related to factors affecting

the career path of the students.

Scope and Delimitation

This study is aimed to determine the factors affecting the career path of

junior high school students. The coverage of the study will start in November and

will end up in March 2017. The study will be conducted within the vicinity of the

Mayamot National High School; the respondents will be junior high school

students. The data can be gathered through questionnaire checklist.

CHAPTER II

Related Literature

Foreign Literature
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The word career has been a derivative of French and Latin origin. Its

simplest definition is given by Geciki (2002) as; the occupational, commercial or

industrial activity that a person may adopt during his educational life or in some

other part or till his death. Redman and Wilkinson (2001) clarifies career as the

application of a person’s cognition and capabilities, providing command over

profession, timely work expertise and a basis of developing and bettering

business networks. Individuals chose career planning to pursue the professional

objectives, getting informed about upcoming opportunities, their results and their

timely evaluations. It is considered to be a beginning in the stages of career

choices but still of paramount significance. People prefer the career that could

provide them sound basis for an improved standard of living (Cavus, Geri and

Turgunbayeva; 2015). Career planning done on individual basis is a plan as to

how an individual would foster in his profession. As regards the organizational

level, it talks about promotional aspects together with personal development

quadrant. So briefly career planning is the process whereby the individual himself

or his organization helps in pursuing his growth objectives in conformity with his

expertise in the area, capabilities and aims (Bayraktaroğlu, 2011).

In this tradition (still in evidence today in the models of Holland, 1973,

1985; and Dawis&Lofquist, 1984), there has been clearly more emphasis on the

content and outcome of a decision--on the question of what to choose--than on

the process by which the decision is made, and, consequently, the focus of the

assessment efforts has been on the nature of the decider and his or her
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alternatives, with the goal of achieving a maximally congruent match between

person and occupation.

Career choice is a complex decision for students since it determines the

kind of profession that they intend to pursue in life. As students try to make

career choice while in secondary school, they face problem of matching their

career choices with their abilities and school performance. In Kenya every year

form four secondary school students make career choices before sitting for their

final examination (Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education examinations)

however, studies indicate that most students enter into careers that are totally

different from the ones they chose while in secondary. The purpose of this study

was to examine factors influencing career choice among form four secondary

school students in Kisumu municipality, Kenya. The study was conducted using

descriptive survey design with a population of 332 students. The data for this

study was collected using questionnaire and interview schedules. The findings of

this study indicate that availability of advancement opportunities and learning

experiences are the most influential factors affecting career choices among

students. While males reported learning experiences and career flexibility as the

most influential factors, females however reported availability of advancement

opportunity and opportunity to apply skills as the most influential factors.

However, no variance was reported for persons influencing career choice by

gender (Edwards,Kochung 2011).

The purpose of the study was to assess the strategic factors that influence

students‟ career choices in Kenyan universities with USIU being the case study.
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The study was guided by the following research questions: To what extent do

environmental factors influence career choice among students in Kenyan

Universities? To what extent do factors of opportunity influence making career

choice among students in Kenyan universities? And to what extent do factors of

personality influence career choice among students in Kenyan universities? This

study used a descriptive research design, i.e. this research design involved

observing and describing the behavior of a subject without influencing it in any

way. The target population under the study was the USIU students. Simple

random sampling technique was employed in this study. A sample of 100

respondents was selected randomly. This technique allowed the researcher to

ensure that each case in the population had an equal chance of being included in

the sample. Data collection tool that was used to collect the relevant information

needed for analysis was the questionnaire. To ensure effective and efficient data

analysis process, the data was coded, sorted and analyzed using regression

analysis in the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Presentation of

data was in bar charts. The findings regarding the first research question on the

extent to which environmental factors influence students‟ career choices in

Kenyan universities, showed that Students‟ career choices were influenced by

environmental factors. A significant percentage of the respondents agreed that

their career choices were influenced by environmental factors while a portion of

the respondents remained neutral. The findings regarding the second research

question on the extent to which opportunity factors influenced Students‟ career

choices in Kenyan universities, the majority of the respondents felt that

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opportunity factors play a major role in influencing their career choices. Finally in

regard to the third research question on the extent to which the personality

factors influence the students‟ career choices in Kenyan universities, indicated

that the career choices of many respondents are influenced by the personality

factors. Overwhelming respondents agreed that personality factors played a

major role in influencing their career choices.(Gavo, Omari Saul 2014)

Choosing the right career path is becoming more and more important for

young students today. Students have to take into account many things when

choosing a career and college major. Many factors can influence a student’s

decision, including parents, coaches, religious figures, or any role models in a

student’s life. Participation in agriculture clubs such as FFA and 4-H can also

have an effect on students’ career choices. The objectives of this research study

were to determine what factors affect agriculture students’ choice of career path.

A questionnaire was developed to examine areas of interest and attributes that

may have influenced students when choosing a career path. The questionnaire

was completed by 128 students in the freshman studies classes of The

University of Tennessee at Martin who plan to major in Agriculture. Chi-square

tests were used to examine relationships among study factors. According to this

survey, students are most influenced by family when choosing a major; 22%

chose family as the most important factor influencing their choice of major.

However, 21% of the students chose “a career that is personally rewarding” and

20% chose “FFA/4-H experience” as the most important factors affecting their

choice. FFA played a bigger role in choosing a major than 4-H. Farming
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background and the size of schools did not play a role in choosing a major.

However, students with a farming background were more likely to plan on

working in production agriculture than students without a farm background. The

students who completed the questionnaire had a positive outlook on their career.

Students believe their projected careers will make a positive impact on the world.

Students also believe that there are excellent career opportunities in agriculture.

(Fizer, Darren 2013)

Local Literature

Unemployment rate in the country is commonly associated with the misfit

graduates produced by universities and colleges and the workforce needed by

different companies. The wrong choice of course taken by most of high school

students adds to the unemployment and underemployment rate of newly

graduate students. With this the study determined the factors affecting the fourth

year high school students’ career preference of University of Rizal System’

Laboratory School in Morong Rizal. The relationship of the factors affecting

students’ preference of course to their career preference, Brainard’sOccupational

Preference Inventory (BOPI) results, academic achievement and their elective

grades were considered. Frequency, percentage and chi-square were used as

statistical treatments. The findings revealed that the availability of work after

college is the first consideration of students in choosing a course in college. Most

of the students prefer to take scientific related field courses, or the “popular

courses” for Filipinos. The least preferred course are in the Agricultural field. The

BOPI results showed that most of the student-respondents are suited to take
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professional courses. Students’ preferred course is related to their BOPI result as

well as to their father’s occupation. Other factors such as mother’s occupation,

monthly family income, students’ sibling position and students’ third year general

average grades are not related to the students’ preferred course in college to

their BOPI results. BOPI results are significantly related to the students’ elective

course grades. Students’ career success can be best attained if proper guidance

is given in choosing the right course in college, suited to students’ personality,

ability and intellect. (Pascual, Nancy T. 2014)

One of the major changes in the education history of the Philippines is the

implementation of the K to 12 Program which aims to provide sufficient time for

mastery of concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates

for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, employment, and

entrepreneurship (gov.ph). In line with this program is the establishment of the

STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) strand equipped

with a specially designed curriculum and programs to prepare the students in

their desired line of course in the tertiary level of education. This study arises

from the desire of the researchers to identify the career aspirations of the

students towards STEM related careers and evaluate the current programs under

STEM to determine its efficiency in influencing the students towards STEM

careers. Using the survey research design, the researchers conducted a survey

in 91 University of BatangasLipa City (UBLC) Senior High school STEM

students. Results show that the priority career of the students taking STEM

strand is engineering but there are also students that will take unrelated STEM
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careers in the future. The results also suggest that the current STEM programs

are influential to the students at an identified degree though there are some other

suggested programs that may improve their skills and learning such as

Internship. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended for the UBLC

to empower the current STEM programs and integrate career related activities to

influence the students enough under STEM strand to take STEM related careers

in the future. (Garcia, Joven E., Et al. 2017)

The study determined the career choice of the high school students of the

different private institutions in San Jose, Batangas as a basis for developing a

career program guide to help the students in choosing their career.The

descriptive method was used the study with the questionnaire and standardized

test as the main data gathering instruments. Parents, students and teachers

served as respondents of the study. The study revealed that most preferred

career of the respondents is the academic track particularly the Science

Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) strand. The proposed

program guide formulated focused on how to help the students decide on their

future career. When properly given, it will benefit the students. The researchers

recommended that the proposed career program guide that has been formulated

may be shown to school heads for their suggestions; the students should be

provided with effective orientation on what career is really all about. This could be

done by the school guidance counselor or by the teachers and parents as well

and there must be a close–up tie among the guidance personnel, teachers,

students, and parents to promote a better understanding of the factors which

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influence the career choice of the students. (Braza, Maria Ramona S., GuilloJr,

Romeo M., 2015)

Bautista (cited in Phillips, 1968), stated the greatest barrier among

students pursuing their own career and having command over their life is the lack

of in – depth knowledge of the said career. In addition, knowledge is required to

make valid career preferences.

Further he stated that elementary education provides a foundation for formal

education. It is when high school where students starts to feel tangibly about

career preferences. He cited Castillo (1963) who stressed the redirection and

guidance of high school youth because; it is in that stage where skill, capacities

and decisions are developed. The youth should get a thorough picture of their

aspirations and expectations.

According to the theory of vocational development by Supeer (2005), the

student should first become aware of the need for a career. So very graduating

students needs a wise choice in decision making. Bautista (1997) stated that at

this stage, a student must take important and vita decision in the selection of a

career which will determine his future success.

The need to find out the factors affecting the career choices among high

school students gave the impetus to this study.

Related Studies

To enable students make good career decisions and thus ease problem of

jobs& skills mismatch, the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) in

Region 6 recently conducted orientations for guidance counselors on the new

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Standard Manuals entitled, Career Guide for High School

Students and Employment Guide for College Students and Jobseekers aimed at

enhancing their capability on career and employment coaching.

DOLE Region 6 Regional Director Manuel Roldan had reported that 147

guidance counsellors from tertiary and secondary schools and Public

Employment Service Office (PESO) Managers attended the orientations

conducted in the provinces of Aklan, Antique, Capiz, and Negros Occidental.

Roldan said job-skills mismatch was identified as one of the sources of

unemployment in the region and in the country in the recent manpower summits

and human resource conferences participated by various stakeholders from

recent industry, government, non-government organizations, and the academe.

During the orientations, the guidance counsellors were given a copy of the

manual (in CD form) to help them in their mission to effectively provide career

counselling to students who are about to leave high schools.

The Manuals are part of the DOLE’s labor market information services and

are important tools on career planning.

“The manuals, as LMI tools, will aid students in understanding the world of

work. It will “job-fit” or match their interests, skills, and abilities to careers in which

their strengths can be best utilized,” Roldan said.

“On the other hand, the manual on employment guide focuses on job

exploration, labor market information, and job search and aids graduating college

students, who are about to enter the world of work, on how to create impressive

resume or portfolio, start his job search and ace the interview,” he added.
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Labor and Employment Secretary Rosalinda Dimapilis-Baldoz cited the

importance of these orientation seminars as she had advised graduating high

school students to “decide on career choices on the basis of what the labor

market needs and not on what is popular, to enable you to land jobs after

graduation.”

“Hundreds of thousands of Filipino students will enrol this year and my

advice to them is to decide on a course or study that will land those jobs after

graduation. They should go for careers that the labor market needs, and not

because a career is in vogue or popular, “she said.

Career and employment counselling is widely accepted as a powerful and

effective method of assisting young people make appropriate and sensible career

choices to gain access to work opportunities that are compatible with their

interests, values, and abilities.

Roldan said his office is intensifying its efforts to address the problem of

job mismatch to improve the region’s employment situation.

DOLE Region 6 will also conduct an orientation for Guidance Counsellors

of Iloilo and Guimaras on the Manual this coming school year 2011-2012.

In a related development, the DOLE officially launched two weeks ago its

newest online labor market information service for high school students and

jobseekers, the Career Guide, following the instruction of President Benigno S.

Aquino III to make the guide available and accessible in time for the college

enrollment for SY 2011.

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“Today, we present to our people the DOLE Career Guide in compliance

with the instructions of the President to empower our young Filipinos in making

wise and excellent career decisions,” Baldoz said in a press conference.

“The Career Guide is a major component of the job search assistance

function of the DOLE to link careers to employment opportunities,” she said.

(http://www.gov.ph/2011/05/03/dole-focuses-on-career-employment-guidance-

for-students-and-jobseekers/)

Education Secretary JesliLapus appeals for scholarship support for more

than 20,000 graduating high school students from low-income families who got

ratings of 98 % and above in the recent National Career Assessment

Examinations (NCAE).

"I am calling on all scholarship-giving organizations, both public and

private, to take cognizance of these results and help our young achievers fulfill

their promise," Lapus said.

The exam was taken by 1.2 million fourth year high school students or

97% of all those enrolled in both private and public schools. Some 20,307

examinees that scored 98 percent in general scholastic aptitude (GSA) test are

being recommended to CHED for priority scholarship in baccalaureate degree

courses.

Meanwhile, 22,879 students are recommended for scholarship in

technical-vocational courses and 27,579 students for entrepreneurial studies

based on their scores. These students belong to families with annual income of

P150,000 or less.
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Earlier, CHED and TESDA agreed to give priority scholarship slots to

superior but indigent high school graduates based on the NCAE results.

"The students show a lot of potential and any scholarship support to

enable them to pursue their career choices is paramount," Lapus stressed.

In the latest NCAE results, DepEd noted that there are students who got

98 percent and above in two or more domains. Many students who registered

high in the general scholastic aptitude test also got high scores in the technical-

vocational aptitude and entrepreneurial skills components of the exam.

NCAE for SY 2007-2008 was taken by 1,223,465 fourth year high school

students from private and public schools nationwide last August 28, 2007. DepEd

began the distribution of individual test results this November. Special

examinations have also been conducted in November for those who were not

able to take NCAE last August.

The domains of NCAE are general scholastic aptitude, technical-

vocational aptitude, entrepreneurial skills, and interest inventory. The exam is

composed of scientific ability, mathematical ability, reading comprehension,

verbal ability, manipulative skills, clerical ability, non-verbal ability and

entrepreneurial skills.

NCAE is currently on its second year. On the third year of

implementation in school year 2008-2009 the test results are envisioned to serve

as prerequisite for enrolment in any four or five year degrees in colleges and

universities as well as two-year vocational or technological courses. An

enabling law is needed to make the test an admission prerequisite.

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DepEd statistics show that out of 100 children who enter Grade 1, only 43

finish high school. Of this number only 23 pursue college or higher technical

education while the others are forced to look for jobs. Of the 23 who manage to

get tertiary education, only 14 are able to complete college.

DepEd is currently implementing an enhanced curriculum in some 261

tech-voc secondary schools nationwide to give students a wider employment or

entrepreneurship berth in case they are unable to immediately pursue a 4-year

college degree.

Given the introduction of ladderized education, students will be able to

bank on the skills they attain and select technical or engineering courses in

college. Some students may also decide to take post-secondary courses given

by TESDA. (http://www.deped.gov.ph/updates/updateslinks.asp?id=332)

DepEd Secretary JesliLapus said some 1.5 million fourth year high school

students from both public and private schools are set to take the examinations

which are aimed to determine the best-suited college course for the examinees

after graduation from high school.

The annual test, which has been conducted since 2006, seeks to minimize the

mismatch in career choices vis-a-vis skills and inclinations among high school

students.

"The annual conduct of the NCAE gives the students and the parents an

idea on the field of endeavor most suited to the graduating students thus,

allowing for better decision on their choice of career," Lapus said, noting that a

major part of the NCAE consists of the general scholastic aptitude (GSA) test.
 24

Aside from the GSA, the NCAE also measures a graduating student's

potentials or inclination in such areas as technical-vocational aptitude (TVA),

entrepreneurial skills, nonverbal ability and occupational interest.

Lapus, however, admits that the NCAE results are, at best, recommendatory and

are not a requisite for admission to college.

DepEd noted that the number of examinees this year increased by 20

percent to 1.5 million, from 1.2 million examinees in 2007. Of the total number of

this year's examinees, 1.2 million are public high school students while only over

300,000 examinees are from private schools. This year's NCAE will also include

1,200 out-of-school youths who are applying for scholarship with the Commission

on Higher Education (CHEd).

DepEd said it has set up an Action Center at its Central Office in Pasig

City to provide information regarding the NCAE, and handle queries and

complaints. (http://www.deped.com.ph)

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the method of the research used in the study, the

sources of data, the data gathering procedure, data gathering instrument and the

statistical treatment.

Method of Research Used

This study use descriptive type of research in order to achieve its main

objective. According to Manuel and Medel. Descriptive research describe what it

 25

is involve the description, regarding, analysis, and interpretation of the present

nature, composition process of phenomena.

The descriptive type of research was use by the researcher in validating

the factors affecting the career path of grade 10 junior high school students

through the result of a survey questionnaire.

Source of Data

The study was conducted in Mayamot National High School, year of 2017-

2018. The data of this study was obtained from a 20 grade 10 junior high

schoolwho were chosen as student respondents to validate the factors affecting

the career path of grade 10 junior high scholl students. The 10 junior

respondents was chose because they are the one who are going to move up and

still choosing their track and strand . The researcher will be administered the

questionnaire from February 10 to February 15 to gather data.

Data Gathering Instrument

The instrumental used in the study were survey questionnaire. The

questionnaire was used to elicit the evaluation of 10 female and 10 male to get

factors affecting the career path of grade 10 junior high scholl students the

survey questionnaire used by the researcher was made by itself with the help of

her

group members and adviser for point likert scale was used as follows.

4 3 2 1

Strongly agree Agree Disagree Strongly disagree

To elicit the validation of the students a survey questionnaire was used.

 26

Data Gathering Procedure

A permission to conduct this research study was first secured of Mayamot

National High School after having sought their permission, the researcher get the

Factors Affecting the Career Path of Junior High Scholl Students.

The Researcher personally administered the survey questionnaire to the

students’ respondents for the evaluation to get the Factors Affecting The Career

Path Of Junior High Scholl Students, all the questionnaire were collected after

allotted of time.

The research was quantitative because the researchers want to identify

the Factors Affecting The Career Path Of Junior High Scholl Students which can

be a great help in planning their future. The researchers choose twenty (20)

respondents to answer the questions indicated in the survey questionnaire, othe

respondents must came from the Mayamot National High School, Barangay

Mayamot, Antipolo City.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The statistical tool used in treating the data of the study were the

following.

Percentage and Rank.There were utilize Factors Affecting the Career

Path Of Junior High Scholl Students

Weighted Mean.This was utilized the evaluation of male and

female grade 10 students in choosing a strand or Track.

 27

CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the demographic profile of respondents and the

Respondents Number of Percentage

Respondents

Grade 10 (Male students) 10 50%

Grade 10 (Female 10 50%

students)
Total 20 100%

mean with interpretation.

The Table 1 shows the demographic profile of the respondents which are

the grade 10 students in Mayamot National High School.

Table 1. Demographic profile of Respondents

The table1 present the demographic profile of respondents. It can be

gleaned that there were 10 male Grade 10 students (50%) and 10 female Grade

10 students (50%) respondents who purposively chosen to evaluate the factors

affecting the career path of Grade 10 junior high school students.

Table2. Mean with interpretation.

The Table 2 presents the mean and interpretation of the factors affecting the

career path of grade 10 junior high school students.

Statement Mean Interpretation

I consider my strand/track 4.19 Agree
to be an in demand course
I consider the financial 3.86 Agree
status of my family in
 28

choosing my strand/track.
I consider the place of my 3.87 Agree
future work in choosing my
strand/track.
I consider the work I Will 4.41 Agree
get after finishing senior
high school In choosing a
strand/track.
My choice of school affects 3.71 Agree
my choice of strand/track.
The availability of job in the 4.03 Agree
future affects my choice of
strand/track.
My preferred strand/track is 2.96 Disagree
my “childhood dream”
work.
My preference is 3.75 Agree
connected to my favorite
subject.
My preference of 4.28 Agree
strand/track is my personal
choice.
My preference strand/track 3.54 Agree
is a reflection of my talent.
My friend’s preference of 1.90 Strongly Disagree
strand/track affects my
decision in choosing a
course.
My friend’s choice of 2.22 Disagree
school affects my decision
in choosing a strand/track.
My parents are the ones 2.25 Disagree
who are choosing my
strand/track.
Our family business is a 2.07 Disagree
factor in my choice of
strand/track.
The dominant profession in 2.09 Disagree
my family is also my
preferred strand/track.
As depicted on the table, the students agree that they consider the

availability of work after finishing senior high school in choosing their strand/track

followed by choosing a strand/track as a personal choice with a mean values of

 29

4.41 and 4.28 respectively. When the least mean value of factors that affects in

choosing a strand/track is considered, friend’s preference in choosing

strand/track got the least mean value of 1.90 followed by consideration of

student’s family business in choosing a strand/track with a mean value of 2.07.

This implies that the majority Grade 10 students consider working if they

have the opportunity. They chose their strand based on the availability of the

work in the near future. They also consider the work that they will get after

finishing their senior high school. Department of education mention in their article

that once the students finish their senior high school, they can search for a job

with the help of the tesda national certificate (NC) which is they were trained to

be equipped with some skills and knowledge in that particular kind of work, this

includes barista(NCII), scaffolding(NCII) etc. Some respondents also says that

the track/strand that they will chose in stepping up in the senior high school was

a personal choice. This means that they are taking their dream path of life and

their dream personality some day.The least are the respondents who said that

they chose their strand/track based on their friends preference in choosing a

strand/track in senior high school, this happen when they do not really know what

to take that can lead on misfitting of knowledge when they are going to take a

different course in college and also the least was the consideration of the family

business in choosing a strand/track in senior high school.

1.How do the following factors affect the career choices of the students:

a. Environment

b. Opportunity
 30

c. Personality.

The Following Questions was asked to the respondents to evaluate the following

factors. The students agree that they consider the availability of work after

finishing senior high school in choosing their strand/track followed by choosing a

strand/track as a personal choice with mean values of 4.41 and 4.28

respectively. When the least mean value of factors that affects in choosing a

strand/track is considered, friends preference in choosing strand/track got the

least mean value of 1.90 followed by consideration of student’s family business in

choosing a strand/track with a mean value of 2.07.

2.Which among the factor mentioned above affected the career decision of the

junior high school students?

Based on the results, the factor that most affect the career decision of the

student was the Opportunity to work after graduating senior high school.

Department of education mention in their article that once the students finish their

senior high school, they can search for a job with the help of the tesda national

certificate (NC) which is they were trained to be equipped with some skills and

knowledge in that particular kind of work, this includes barista(NCII),

scaffolding(NCII) etc.

3.How can the opinion if others affect the choices of the students in their

careers?
 31

based on the results, the opinion of others does affect the choices of the

students in their careers. The students asking for some advice in their friends but

students has a their own will to choose the path that they want to take in their life.

CHAPTER V

Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations

Summary

This study aims to determine the factors affecting the career path of junior

high school students.

Specifically, it sought to answer the following question.

1.How do the following factors affect the career choices of the students:

a. Environment

b. Opportunity

c. Personality.

2.Which among the factor mentioned above affected the career decision of the

junior high school students?

3.Is there a significant relationship between other people's perpective and the

student's perspective in choosing their career path?

This study is aimed to determine the factors affecting the career path of

junior high school students. The coverage of the study will start in November and

will end up in March 2017. The study will be conducted within the vicinity of the

Mayamot National High School; the respondents will be junior high school

students. The data can be gathered through questionnaire checklist.

 32

This study use descriptive type of research in order to achieve its main

objective. According to Manuel and Medel. Descriptive research describe what it

is involve the description, regarding, analysis, and interpretation of the present

nature, composition process of phenomena.

The descriptive type of research was use by the researcher in validating

the factors affecting the career path of grade 10 junior high scholl students

through the result of a survey questionnaire.

The method of research that we have used was the Descriptive Method

because we are still beginners in the field. Through this process, we have

gathered a lot of information’s from online sources that can satisfy and support

our project. The procedures that we have done were by analyzing, classifying

and tabulating data about the students who are still undecided or confused about

their plan in the near future.

Findings

The students agree that they consider the availability of work after

finishing senior high school in choosing their strand/track followed by choosing a

strand/track as a personal choice with mean values of 4.41 and 4.28

respectively. When the least mean value of factors that affects in choosing a

strand/track is considered, friend’s preference in choosing strand/track got the

least mean value of 1.90 followed by consideration of student’s family business in

choosing a strand/track with a mean value of 2.07.

 33

CONCLUSIONS

Students’ career success can be best attained if the right strand/track

suited to their personality, ability and intellect serves as their guide in choosing

the strand/track they are to take in senior high. Experiencing the career suited to

students by integrating career plan with the curriculum help students make good

decisions in what track/strand that they will take in senior high and also in

college. Although elective track/strand are available to help students make

decisions in track/strand they are to take in senior high, it is also important to

help students understand the important factors they have to consider in choosing

a track/strand like the economical importance of the track/strand they would want

to take at present and in the future. Collaborative effort of the school

administrations, guidance counselor and parents should also be made to comeup

with better career plan for every individual students.

The results of the study justifies that career plan for students must be

made in a continuous manner and should start from an earlier grade level to help

student identify thoroughly the suited track/strand for them. Parents should also

be included in the career program development of students so that they

themselves can understand and help students choose which track/strand best fit

their child’s personality, interest and intellectual ability.

Recommendations

The following recommendations are proposed by the researchers based

on the following findings and conclusions of the study.

 34

1.Students should evaluate their strength and weaknesses in subjects to

distinguish the right track/strand that they will take when moving up in senior

high school.

2.students should choose their track/strand that they really love.

3.Students’ career success can be best attained if the right strand/track

suited to their personality, ability and intellect.

4. Primary and secondary school should run a program on career program

development of students.

5. Family should be included on career program development of

studentsso that they themselves can understand and help students choose which

course best fit their child’s personality, interest and intellectual ability.
 35

References

Pascua,N.T.(2014).Factors Affecting High School Student Career Preference: A

Basis for Career Planning Program.

(West,David. 2013) Career Planning: A Guide to a better future

Bayraktaroğlu, (2011). Factors Influencing Students’ Career Choice and

Aspirations in South Africa

Edwards,Kochung (2011). Factors Influencing Students Career Choices among

Secondary School students in Kisumu Municipality, Kenya

Gavo, Omari Saul (2014) STRATEGIC FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE

STUDENTS’ CAREER CHOICE IN KENYAN UNIVERSITIES: A Study of United

States International University.

Garcia, Joven E., Et al. (2017) Students’ Career Choices: A Guide For Senior

High School Preparation

Braza, Maria Ramona S., GuilloJr, Romeo M., (2015) Career Choice: An Analysis

of Multiple Intelligences and Socio-Environmental Factors

(http://www.gov.ph/2011/05/03/dole-focuses-on-career-employment-guidance-

for-students-and-jobseekers/)

(http://www.deped.gov.ph/updates/updateslinks.asp?id=332)

(http://www.deped.gov.ph/k-to-12/faq)

Manuel and Medel (1976). Descriptive Research

 36

Appendices
Appendix (A)
Mayamot National High School
Rose St.,Greenheights Newtown I-A, Brgy.MayamotAntipolo City
Accountancy, Business and Management

March 19,2018

Dear Sir/Madam,

Good Day!
We are the Senior High school students of Accountancy, Business and
Management section-2. We are conducting a research study which we entitled “Factors
Affecting the Career Path of Grade 10 Junior High school Students, and we would like to
ask for your help to validate our questionnaire.
We are looking forward for you positive response about this matter. Thank you
and God bless!

Sincerely yours,
BaltazarVillariez Jr.

Members:
Jerwin O. Cadeliña
Niko Magtoto
Jacob Javier
 37

Appendix (B)
Statement Mean Interpretation
I consider my strand/track
to be an in demand course
I consider the financial
status of my family in
choosing my strand/track.
I consider the place of my
future work in choosing my
strand/track.
I consider the work I Will
get after finishing senior
high school In choosing a
strand/track.
My choice of school affects
my choice of strand/track.
The availability of job in the
future affects my choice of
strand/track.
My preferred strand/track is
my “childhood dream”
work.
My preference is
connected to my favorite
subject.
My preference of
strand/track is my personal
choice.
My preference strand/track
is a reflection of my talent.
My friend’s preference of
strand/track affects my
decision in choosing a
course.
My friend’s choice of
school affects my decision
in choosing a strand/track.
My parents are the ones
who are choosing my
strand/track.
Our family business is a
factor in my choice of
strand/track.
The dominant profession in
my family is also my
preferred strand/track.
 38

Appendix (C)

VILLARIEZ JR, BALTAZAR D.

Address: SitioGalapong, La unicaHija Phase3 CupangAntipolo City
Cell No: 09215636067
Telephone: none
Email: kepekidanshi@gmail.com

OBJECTIVE

To associate myself with a progressive company through a responsible position where I

can widen my knowledge. Vital to my personal growth

EDUCATIONAL
ATTAINMENT: Tertiary (2017-
Present)
Grade 11-12
Accountancy, Business and Management
Mayamot National High School (MNHS)

Mayamot, Antipolo, Rizal

Junior high school

(2012-2016)
Mayamot National High School
Rose Street, Greenheights VV Soliven,Brgy. Mayamot, Antipolo
City,

Elementary (2004-
2010)
Mayamot Elementary School
Sumulong Highway, Brgy.Mayamot, Antipolo City,

SPECIAL SKILLS: I can understand write and speak English and Filipino dialect.
Computer literate, Fast learner, productive and
competitive.

PERSONAL DATA: Birth Date: January 15, 1999

Birth Place: Antipolo City
Religion: Roman Catholic
Height: 5’7
Weight: 50 kg
Status: Single
 39

CHARACTER
REFERENCE: Mr. Jonathan L. Quintana Contact No:
09297039932
Business Man
3J and K Café

Mr. Jaime James F. Lorena Contact No:

Business Man
June manafactory

Jizelle Marie Kate V. Delos Reyes Contact No:

09195633049
Cashier
Ideal Vision Center

I hereby certify that above information is true and correct to the best of my knowledge.

VillariezJr, Baltazar D.