Automatic Medicine Vending Machine

PROBLEM STATEMENT
 As medical stores are not available at all circumstances, we can set up this machine at any
place.
 Vending machine have the mobility, they can be portable and continue to deliver the services
as usual.
 To eliminate the need of human resource.
 Customers can easily access the medicines in cases of emergency or whenever required.
 To avoid faulty distribution of medicines to customers.

I. INTRODUCTION
Degrees of social status are closely linked to health inequalities. Those with poor health tend
to fall into poverty and the poor tend to have poor health. According to the World Health
Organization, within countries those of lower socioeconomic strata have the worst health
outcomes. Health also appears to have a strong social component linking it to education and
access to information. In terms of health, poverty includes low income, low education, social
exclusion and environmental decay. The poor within most countries are trapped in a cycle in
which poverty breeds ill health and ill health leads to poverty. Our project although may not
be an out of the box idea in its entirety, it still could prove useful. Especially in developing
countries like India where there are innumerable numbers of people who are unable to avail
medicines. In this project the system will contain four medicines which are available as first
aid and without prescription. They are Band-Aids for minor abrasions and cuts, Paracetamol
for reducing fever, Vicks Action 500 for common cold and ORS packets for dehydration and
other problems involving loss of fluids in the body. Nowadays in this fast moving world,
appliances which are completely automatic are preferred. This is the biggest advantage of this
paper. Other advantage would be the use of smart card instead of coins. The system is fully
controlled by Atmega 2560. Automated dispensing machines decentralized medication
distribution systems that provide computer controlled storage, dispensing and tracking of
medications have been recommended as one potential mechanism to improve efficiency and
patient safety and they are now widely used in many hospitals. There is no doubt that these
machines can enhance the efficiency of medication distribution, but their capacity to reduce
medication errors is controversial and depends on many factors, including how users design
and implement the system. Still, we are confident in supporting our position that automated
dispensing machines improve patient safety. Automated dispensing machines provide secure
medication storage on patient care units, along with electronic tracking of the use of narcotics
and other controlled medicines. Automatic dispensing machines enhance rest dose
availability and facilitate the timely administration of medications by increasing their
accessibility on patientcare units.

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

Suhail Beg et al. proposed an FSM based automatic dispense machine[1] which has an expiry
date feature using VHDL, in this paper the author described Finite State Machine based
automatic dispense machine using Xilinx ISE 14.2. This machine accepts money as an input
to dispense the products and returns back the money without dispensing the product to the
customer if the product is out of date. Thus, it can be useful to ensure the good quality of the
product along with quantity and cost.

Singh [2] proposed a touch screen based automated medical Vending machine and in this
paper the author described medicine vending machine based on IR Standard touch technology
as the input to select different medical facilities like First Aid facility, ambulance facility, and
direct calling facility via GSM, dynamic GPS, smart card facility and restocking medicine
alert. The software used is visual basic was programmed such that when the patient selects
certain facility, it will be served to that patient. Thus it can be helpful in case of illness, small
or big accidents and so can be placed anywhere.

Steven Woodbine, The Complete Vending Machine. Published on 18 May 2011.

There are a large variety of medication administration assistance devices for non-•
professional users. Most of them are manual, providing multiple compartments called pill
trays. The pill tray has a number of compartments that can be filled with medication. Each
compartment can hold different sizes and combination of medicines. The user is required to
take the medicine from each tray each day for a maximum of 28 days. It does not provide any
alarm to indicate the time of taking the medicine.
There are a large variety of medication administration assistance devices for non-•
professional users. Most of them are manual, providing multiple compartments called pill
trays. The pill tray has a number of compartments that can be filled with medication. Each
compartment can hold different sizes and combination of medicines. The user is required to
take the medicine from each tray each day for a maximum of 28 days. It does not provide any
alarm to indicate the time of taking the medicine.
Automatic Chocolate Vending Machine by Using Arduino Uno
Prof. S. S. Desai, Sayali Maruti Jadhav, Priya Shivaji Patil, Giri Neeta Sambhaji
This paper proposes the prototype of Automatic Vending machine. The objective of this project
is to improvise and implement new technology in the society. This paper is about vending
machine which dispenses different types of chocolate as required by the user. This can be placed
in public parks or shopping malls. It provides permanent solution for coin-based technology
which is not so efficient when compared to the modern technology. Hence to upgrade coin based
vending machine RFID cards are used in this project. This project uses Arduino UNO controller
for its operation. Here user is directed scan the card and complete the authentication process after
which multiple options will be displayed on the console. The user can select the required
chocolates and then it gets dispensed using spring based dispensing mechanism. There are few
advantages from this project, it is completely cashless where payment is done through card itself.
It is a user-friendly device. The components used in this project are Relay, DC motors and RFID
technology.
After going through this paper, we got an idea on how we can make use of RFID technology to
implement in our project instead of coins which is more efficient because coins can be duplicated
easily. Here we have used the controller which consumes less power when compared to all other
controllers.

Smart Medication Dispenser

Suraj Shinde, Nitin Bange, Monika Kumbhar, Snehal Patil4 ISSN: 2278-909X, Volume 6, Issue
4, APRIL-2017.
In this project the information about the dosage of medicines to be taken by the patients is
automatically informed and single tablet will be dispensed at a preset time. Due to the mental
stress many of the patients may forget to take the medicines at appropriate time. Hence it takes
too long to recover from the disease the patient has. Sometimes aged patients or illiterate patients
may take the medicines at the wrong time or may consume the wrong dosage which causes
severe problem. Hence it is necessary for the patients to take the medicines with correct dosage at
correct time. To solve this problem Smart Medication Dispenser is developed.
This project uses keypad of 4X4 matrix, PIC Microcontroller, LCD display for console where the
tablets to be dispensed is displayed, GSM module and Real Time Clock. This project helps the
care-taker of the patient to administer the medications without their physical presence. The care-
taker or the programmer pre-programs the machine and they can set up-to 21 medicines. This
project can be preset to repeat the same cycle for the required amount of days. An alarm is
provided in this project in order to alert the patient and the care-taker for medication.
After going through this paper, we got an idea of how to dispense single pill, and how to
interface all the hardware components such as LCD, Touchpad, Microcontroller.
 III. OBJECTIVE
Diagnosis is always a concern for the people living in rural area. At the same time
medicine availability also has a major impact excluding the factor about complete cure.
The aim of this prototype is that temporary relief is to be given out that can give
people a better chance for resisting the health from withdrawing before they are able to
reach doctor. Major advantage is that people would be able to access the drugs via patient
kiosks in public places such as drug stores, malls, bus, railway stations, on highways, areas
where medical stores are limited. Initially the user has to swipe his/her smart card to activate
the machine. Once he has an access to the device, he can submit his disease’s symptoms
through the touch screen. Then once his medicine is decided by the s/w, he will be given some
coin like tokens from an outlet. Once he receives the tokens, a message will be displayed on
the screen that the user has to put these tokens in particular medicine box area. As the user
puts the tokens in the specified boxes, he will receive one tablet from that box. Thus he will
get a onetime dose on the basis of his disease symptom.

BASIC BLOCK DIAGRAM OF AUTOMATIC MEDICINE VENDING MACHINE

Block Diagram
Description for controller:
 Arduino Mega 2560 is a Microcontroller board based on Atmega2560. It comes with more
memory space and I/O pins as compared to other boards available in the market.

 There are 54 digital I/O pins and 16 analog pins incorporated on the board that make this
device unique and stand out from others.

 Out of 54 digital I/O, 15 are used for PWM (pulse width modulation).

 A crystal oscillator of Reader

RFID 16MHz frequency is added on the board.

 This board comes with USB cable port that is used to connect and transfer code from
computer to the board.

 DC power jack is coupled with the board that is used to power the board. Some version of
Arduino board lacks this feature like Arduino Pro Mini doesn’t come with DC power jack.

 ICSP header is a remarkable addition to Arduino Mega which is used for programming the
Arduino and uploading the code from the computer.
 IMPLEMENTATION
FLOW CHART

ALGORITHM
STEP1: The system is initialized and ARM Cortex M3 Controller is powered up.
STEP2: The user is allowed to swipe his/her RFID card for authentication.
STEP3: Once the card is swiped the controller checks for the valid id, if it is a valid user, the
user name will be displayed on the screen and user will be given options to select the required
medicine.
STEP4: If the id is invalid access will be denied.
STEP4: User can also select the number of medicines to be dispensed.
STEP5: Based on the selected option and the required number of quantities the medicine gets
dispensed using dispensing mechanism.
STEP6: All the information regarding the user name and type of medicine dispensed will be
stored in database and which can monitor through a computer.
 A. Hardware Requirement
 Arduino Mega (Atmega 2560 Microcontroller)
 LCD Display
 Screen Touch key pad
 Temperature sensor (LM 35)
 Relay Driver
 DC Motor
 Wi-Fi module (ESP8266)
 RFID Reader
 RFID Tags

B. Software requirement
 Arduino IDE

APPLICATION AREAS
 Its main application area will be healthcare field. It will help in increasing the network of
good organizations in worldwide and in providing the medical facility at the doorstep to
the required one.
 It will be useful in providing medical facilities in busy areas such as Railway Stations,
Airports, markets etc.
 Provide facilities to people during their journey as this can be installed in the aircrafts,
rails and ships.
 This system can be used by the defense organization such as military, air force etc.
 It will help rural India to get better medical facilities at much lower costs.
ADVANTAGES
 As all operation is controlled through software human interference is minimized.
 Maintenance is lowered.
 It is more accurate, consistent.
 It can work continuously.
 It is an Autonomous device.
 It requires less space to install and operate.
 LCD display helps the customers to easily understand the process that takes place.
 The circuitry is simple and easily understood.
 Moderate price.

REFERENCES

[1] Suhail, Beg, “Implementation of FSM Based Automatic Dispense Machine with Expiry
Date Feature Using VHDL,” International Journal of Modern Engineering Research
(IJMER), vol. 4, p.p. 1-5, April 2014.

[2] Singh, “Touch Screen Based Automated Medical Vending Machine,” International
Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology (IJIRST), vol. 1, p.p. 1-4, April
2015.
[3] Douglas Hall, “Microprocessor and Interfacing”, McGraw Hill. Revised second
edition,2006 [2] Manas Apte, Whitney Haller, Dinesh joshi, “The Smart Medication
Vending Machine”; 2009
[4] Knewron,” Any Time Medicine Vending Machine-Project Concept”,2013
[5] Steven Woodbine, The Complete Vending Machine, Published on 18 May 2011.
[6] Wikipedia: Literature Survey and History.
[7] V. Ramesh,” ATM Based Automated Medical Machine (AMM)” IJSR-International
Journal for Scientific Research & amp; Development| Vol. 3, Issue01, 2015 | ISSN
(online): 2321-0613