EMERGENCY DISASTER NURSING Simple, Triage, And, Rapid, Treatment

Emergency – a condition that threatens life JUMPSTART

Disaster – ecological phenomenon that requires PRIMARY SURVEY – focused assessment

external assistance. Disrupts the normal
functioning of the community Neuro-vital signs

Man-made Sensation

Natural Pupillary reflex

Burns over 90 percent is life threatening Extremities

Range of motions

Classification according to resources Mentation

1. Level 1 – local emergency response and Status

organization is enough
2. Level 2 – requires the regional support
3. Level 3 – international SECONDARY SURVEY – comprehensive
assessments

Allergies
TYPES OF CASUALTIES
Medications
Multiple incidents 5 to 10
Previous medical-surgical history
Multiple casualties 10 to 100
Last meal time
Mass casualty more than 100
Events/environmental/injury

TIME-LAPSE ASSESSMENT – combination of

TRIAGE focused assessment and a reassessment
Class 1: Red emergent 15 to 30 minutes

Class 2: Yellow urgent 1-2 hours GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF FIRST AID

Class 3: Green minor, can be sent home If the patient is unconscious, follow the ABC
Class 4: Black, expected to die prioritization

- Do not move the patient unless safety is

ensured
DISASTER TRIAGE SYSTEM - Perform the assessments after
addressing the problem
 - Dopamine 250 milligrams/diluent =
micrograms
CPR
SIGNS OF SHOCK
1. Check rescuer safety
2. Check for responsiveness 1. Tachycardia
3. Ask if no response (call code) 2. Confusion
4. Check breathing – CPR 3. Cool clammy skin
4. Hypotension
5. Oliguria (less than 30 ml per hour)
CPR 12O compressions 1-2 inches
MANAGEMENT
Respiratory arrest among pedia
1. Check the cause and stop the bleeding.
Cardiac arrest among adults 2. Position to recumbent to prevent
pressure (ICP)
3. Fluid replacement
SHOCKS 4. Inotropic support: Vasopressin,
dopamine
1. Hypovolemia –
5. ABG
Decreased circulating volume 6. Monitor the IVF and fluid status

Tx fluid or blood replacement NEAR-DROWNING

2. Septic Risk Factors: Aspiration of fluid damages the

pulmonary epithelium, decreases surfactant
Endotoxin leading to alveolar collapse.

Tx antibiotics LARYNGOSPASM

4. Anaphylaxis Management: airway patency, oxygenation,

support the spine if there are injuries, remove
IgE
the wet clothing, continue CPR in longer cases
Intubation and hydrocortisone of hypothermia (1-2 hours)

5. Neurogenic

CNS injuries

Inotropics

6. Cardiogenic

Cardiac problems

Anti arrhythmics