Assignment Of

Environmental Sciences

Topic Sustainability

Submitted To Mr.Umer Tahir Khan

Submitted By Shaharyar Ahmed

Programme BBA 4th Sems (Eve)

Roll # BBAL 01

BZU Multan
Bahadar Campus Layyah
 Sustainability:
Sustainability also refers to capacity of the earth natural system and humans systems to
survive flourish and adapt. Research into specific areas of earth system response to climate
change includes impacts on water resources, soil, air quality, biosphere, oceans, and
human systems. In summary, sustainability of earth system is critical to support and sustain life
and human activities.

Earth Nature system

Earth system is endowed with unique characteristics and geophysical conditions to support life [1and
ecosystem services. Its ecological and social subsystems, individual processes, and their
interactions forming the earth system determine the fate of biota and humans. While the earth
system has survived for billions of years, the Holocene era has seen unprecedented impacts from
anthropogenic influences. There are five major types of earth natural system.

I. Atmosphere
II. Hydrosphere/Cryosphere
III. Geosphere/Pedosphere
IV. Biosphere
V. Anthrosphere

i. Atmosphere;
The atmosphere is an important part of what makes Earth livable. It
blocks some of the Sun's dangerous rays from reaching Earth. It traps heat, making
Earth a comfortable temperature. And the oxygen within our atmosphere is essential for
life. The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, commonly known as air that surrounds
the planet Earth and is retained by Earth's gravity. The atmosphere of Earth protects life on
Earth by creating pressure allowing for liquid water to exist on the Earth's surface,
absorbing ultraviolet solar radiation, warming the surface through heat retention
(greenhouse effect), and reducing temperature extremes between day and night (the diurnal
temperature variation).

ii. Hydrosphere/Cryosphere;
A hydrosphere is the total amount of water on a planet.
The hydrosphere includes water that is on the surface of the planet, underground, and in
the air. A planet's hydrosphere can be liquid, vapor, or ice. On Earth, liquid water exists on
the surface in the form of oceans, lakes and rivers.
The glaciers, icebergs, and icecaps are also categorically called the cryosphere
Beaufort sea is the example of cryosphere.
iii. Geosphere/Pedosphere;
The geosphere is considered that portion of the Earth
system that includes the Earth's interior, rocks and minerals, landforms and the processes
that shape the Earth's surface. The Earth itself (contrary to Christopher Columbus) is not a
perfect sphere.
Pedosphere is the outermost layer of the Earth that is composed of soil and subject to soil
formation processes. It exists at the interface of the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere
and biosphere.

iv. Biosphere;
All the living things in the planet are categorized under the biosphere. In this
view, the biosphere includes all of the animals, plants, and microorganisms of earth.
Humans as well belong to this group. The entire ecological communities within the physical
surrounding of the earth are within the umbrella of living things (biosphere). These
ecological communities interact together with the physical aspects of the earth including the
hydrosphere, lithosphere, and the atmosphere.

v. Anthrosphere;
The anthrosphere is that part of the environment that is made or modified by
humans for use in human activities and human habitats.
 There Are Two Reason to Care
 Self Interest
 Ethical Views

 Self Interest:
The Environment is the most important resource for life. We get
water, power and Oxygen from the Environment. We should take self interest to
Care earth natural system

 Ethical Views:

It is our Ethical Responsibility to take Care of our Earth Natural System.