RULE 1

GENERAL PROVISIONS
SECTION 101. Title
 “Revised Implementing Rules and Regulations of National Building Code of the Philippines
 The “IRR”

SECTION 102. Declaration of Policy

 to safeguard
o life,
o health,
o property, and
o public welfare
 with the principles of sound environmental management and control
 purpose of the code to provide for all buildings and structures
o framework of minimum standards and requirements to
o regulate and control their
 location
 site,
 design,
 quality of materials,
 construction,
 use,
 occupancy,
 maintenance

SECTION 103. Scope and Application

 shall cover all the discipline
o Arch’l, Civil/Strc’l, Elec, Mech, Sanitary, Plumbing & Electronics
 apply to all except
o traditional indigenous family dwellings
 constructed of native materials
 bamboo
 nipa
 logs
 lumber
 not more than 15k
o those covered by BP 220 (Economic and Socialized Housing) projects
o Existing buildings/structure
 w/o appropriate building permits/certificates of occupancy
 may be legalized and issued the necessary permits and certificates
 if they are made to conform to these rules and regulations
 However, they shall be subject to the imposition of penalties, surcharges, fines
and other appropriate measures.
o referral codes of PD 1096 and this IRR
 The applicable and consistent provisions of
 the allied professional codes and
 other government agency codes as approved by the DPWH Secretary

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SECTION 104. General Building Requirements
 All buildings or structure
o safe construction
o suited to the purpose (functional)
 observe adequate environmental safeguards for
o buildings for manufacture and/or production of products
 all buildings and parts
o maintained
 in safe, sanitary & good working condition
SECTION 105. Site Requirements
 the site should be
o sanitary,
o hygienic or
o safe
 abode or houses
o safe distance from (determined by competent authorities)
 bodies of water
 sources of polluted air
 volcano or volcanic site
 risky buildings - fire or explosion

SECTION 106. Definitions

 ADDITION – new construction which increases

 Height and/or floor area of existing building/structures
 AGENCY OF THE GOVERNMENT – refers to ANY units of the govt
 ALTERATION – changes in materials used,
 partitioning,
 location/size of openings,
 structural parts,
 existing utilities and
 equipment but
 does not increase the building height and/or floor area
 APPLICATION FORMS - duly accomplished and notarized by the respective design
professional
 APPLICANT/ PERMITTEE - applying for the issuance of permits and certificates
 BUILDING OFFICAL - Executive Officer of OBO (Office of the Building Official)
 Appointed by the Secretary
 BUILDING PERMIT - A document issued by the Building Official (BO)
 To proceed with the construction
 after the accompanying principal plans, specifications and other pertinent
documents
 with the duly notarized application
 satisfactory and substantial conforming to NBC
 CODE - PD 1096, National Building Code of the Philippines.
 CONSTRUCTION - All on-site work
 Site preparation
 Excavation
 Foundation

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  Assembly of all the components
 Installation of utilities, machineries and equipment
 CONVERSION - change in the use or occupancy of buildings/structures or parts
 Which has different requirements
 DEMOLITION - systematic dismantling or destruction of a building/structure, in whole or in
part
 DEPARTMENT – DPWH
 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR - The Executive Officer or Head of the NBCDO
 National Building Code Development Office
 MOVING - transfer of buildings/structures or part
 Same lot or not
 OFFICE OF THE BUILDING OFFICIAL (OBO) - authorized to enforce the provisions of the
Code and its IRR
 REFERRAL CODES – applicable provisions of other agency and technical professional
codes
 That are supplementary to the code or
 Can be added to the code
 RENOVATION - Any physical change made on buildings/structures
 to increase the value & quality
 to improve the aesthetic
 REPAIR - Remedial work on any damaged or deteriorated portion/s
 restore to its original condition
 SECRETARY – Head or Chief Executive Officer of DPWH
 STAFF – The personnel of the National Building Code Development Office (NBCDO).

RULE 2
ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT

SECTION 201. Responsibility for Administration and Enforcement

 administration and enforcement
o “Secretary” of DPWH - Department of Public Works & Highways

SECTION 202. Technical Staff

 NBCDO – National Building Code Development Office
o Created through DPWH Department Order
o Shall serve as Technical Staff of the Secretary
o Function
 Assist the Secretary in the administration and enforcement of NBC
 Review, evaluate and take final action
 on various technical and legal problems
 forwarded to the Office of the Secretary
 Conduct seminar/workshops on the NBC & BP 344 (Accessibility Law)
o other duties and tasks as may be assigned by the Secretary

SECTION 203. General Powers and Functions of the Secretary under this Code
 Formulate
o policies,
o plans,
o standards

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 o guidelines on
 building design,
 construction,
 use,
 occupancy and
 maintenance, in accordance with the law
 Issue of promulgate (ipaalam) rules and regulations (in form of Memorandum Circulars) to
o Implement the provisions of the code
o Ensure compliance with
 Policies
 Plans
 Standards and
 Guidelines
o Issue office guidelines or Memorandum Circulars to guide the actions of the Building
Official
 in the performance of his duties and responsibilities
 jurisdiction over the decisions and orders of the Building Official.
o Order or decision of the Secretary shall final and executory
o subject only to review by the Office of the President of the Republic
 Referral Codes
o Evaluate, review, approve and/or take final action on changes and/or amendments to
existing referral codes
o incorporation of other referral codes which are not yet expressly made part of this Code
 Prescribe and impose the amount of fees and other charges
o the Building Official shall collect in connection with the performance of regulatory
functions
 Appoint a Building Official,
o separate and distinct from the Office of the City/Municipal Engineers
o in all Cities and Municipalities

SECTION 204. Professional and Technical Assistance

 the Secretary may secure from other agencies of the National Government
o professional, technical, scientific and
o other services including testing laboratories and facilities
 He may also engage and compensate consultants, experts and advisers
o on full or part-time basis
 from the government or private business, entities or associations

SECTION 205. Building Officials

 Building Official shall be responsible
o for carrying out the provisions of the Code in the field
o as well as the enforcement of orders and decisions

SECTION 206. Qualifications of Building Officials

 Filipino citizen and of good moral character
 duly registered architect or civil engineer
 member of good standing of an accredited organization of his profession
o for not less than five (5) years
o endorsed or recommended by the accredited professional organization.
 Has at least five (5) years of diversified and professional experience
o in building design and construction
 Has attended and successfully completed a seminar workshop

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 o on PD 1096 and its IRR conducted by the DPWH

SECTION 207. Duties of the Building Official

1. Be primarily responsible for the enforcement of
o the provisions of the Code and its IRR
o circulars,
o memoranda,
o opinions and decisions/orders issued
 His actions shall always be guided
 by orders/directives from the Secretary
2. Have overall administrative control and/or supervision over
o all works pertinent to buildings/structures in his area of responsibility
o in charge with the processing and issuance of all permit applications and certificates
3. Ensure that all changes, modifications, and alterations in the design plans during the
construction phase
o shall not start until
o the modified design plan has been evaluated and
o the necessary amendatory permit issued
4. Undertake annual inspections of all buildings/structures and
o keep an up-to-date record of their status

5. Upon complaint or motu propio and after due notice/s and hearing, initiate action towards
o Non-issuance, suspension, revocation and/or invalidation of a building permit or
certificate of occupancy
o Issuance of work stoppage order,
 or an order for discontinuance of the use or occupancy of the building/structure
or portion
o Declaration of a building/structure as ruinous or dangerous;
o The imposition of appropriate fines/penalties
6. Submit a quarterly situational report to the Secretary through the NBCDO
o status of all existing, on-going, and proposed public & private building/structure
activities
7. Undertake such other duties and tasks as may be assigned by the Secretary from time to time

SECTION 208. Fees

 The Secretary, thru Memorandum Circulars, shall
o prescribe the rates of fees and
o formulate guidelines in the imposition and collection of fees.
 the Building Official shall retain
o not more than 20% of the income/collection derived from permit fees and other charges
 for the operating expenses of his office
o remainder shall be allotted to the general fund of the respective city/municipality’
 Every Building Official shall keep a permanent record and accurate account of all fees and
other charges

SECTION 209. Exemption

 Public Buildings
 traditional indigenous family dwellings

SECTION 210. Use of Income from Fees

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Procedure for the proper reporting and recording of collections and disbursements of the funds of the
Office of the Secretary of the DPWH
 Recording of Collections
o Every Building Official shall keep a permanent record and accurate account of all fees
and other charges
o The Order of Payment issued by the Building Official
 share of the local government concerned - 80%
 share of the national government - 20%

o Every Building Official shall keep a separate record from the DPWH Central Office of
all
 Allotments - Special Allotment Release Order (SARO)
 Notice of Cash Allocation (NCA)
 Funding Checks
 from Department of Budget and Management (DBM)
 funds shall cover all the necessary operating expenses of the OBO including
 purchase of equipment
 supplies and materials, etc
 subject to existing budgetary and auditing rules and regulations
o He shall render the reports required under the Centralized Accounting System

 Disposition of Collections
o collection shall be made by the Local Treasurer
 share of the local government concerned - 80%
 share of the national government - 20%
o Local Treasurer shall remit to the Bureau of the Treasury, the 20% of his collection
 The remaining 80% shall be deposited with the Authorized Government
Depository Bank (AGDB)
 for the account of the Local Government

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  and shall accrue to the general funds of the City or Municipality
concerned

SECTION 211. Implementing Rules and Regulations

 Secretary shall formulate necessary rules and regulations
 and adopt design and construction standards and criteria for buildings and other structures.
 shall take effect after their publication once a week for three consecutive weeks in a newspaper
of general circulation.

SECTION 212. Administrative Fines

 Imposition of Administrative Fines
o Cases with fine not more than 10,000
 Erecting, constructing, altering, repairing, moving, converting, installing without
building permit
 demolishing a private or public building/structure without demolition permit
 same as the above without permit but
 before the adoption of this code
 Unauthorized change, modification or alteration during the construction in
 the submitted plans and specifications on which the building permit is
based.
 Non-compliance with the
o work stoppage order or
o notice and/or orders to effect necessary correction in plans and
specifications found defective
 Non-compliance with order to demolish building/structure
o declared to be nuisance, ruinous or dangerous.
 Use or occupancy of a building/structure without Certificate of Occupancy/Use
 Change in the existing use or occupancy classification of a building/structure
o without the corresponding Certificate of Change of Use
 Failure to post or display the certificate of occupancy/use/operation
o in a conspicuous place on the premises of the
building/structure/appurtenances.
 Change in the type of construction of any building/structure without an
amendatory permit.

 Administrative Fines
o Light Violations – 5,000.00
 Failure to post Certificate of Occupancy/Use/Operation
 Failure to post Building Permit construction information sign
 Failure to provide or install appropriate safety measures for the protection
 of workers, inspectors, visitors, immediate neighbors and pedestrians.

o Less Grave Violations – 8,000.00

 Non-compliance with the work stoppage order for the alteration/addition/
conversion/repair without permit.
 Use or occupancy of building/structure without appropriate Certificate of
Occupancy/Use/Operation.
o Grave Violations – 10,000.00
 Unauthorized change, modification or alteration during construction in the duly
submitted plans and specifications on which the building permit is based
 Unauthorized change in type of construction from more fire-resistive to less
fire-resistive.

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  Non-compliance with order to abate or demolish
 Non-compliance with work stoppage order for construction/demolition without
permit
 Change in the existing use or occupancy without Certificate of Change of
Occupancy/Use/Operation
 Excavations left open without any work being done in the site for more than
one hundred twenty (120) days.
 Penalty or surcharge
o Iba pa to dun sa fines kanina
o pagnapatunayang naviolate mo yung mga knina may fine ka
o then syempre para matuloy yung construction magaapply ka ng karampatang permits
o dun papasok tong mga penalty na to sa permit fees

o For constructing, installing, repairing, altering or causing any change in the

occupancy/use of any building/structure or part thereof or appurtenances thereto
without any permit
 Excavation for foundation – 10 % of building permit fees
 Construction of foundation (including pile driving and laying of reinforcing bars)
– 25%
 Construction of superstructure up to 2.00 above established grade – 50 %
 Construction of superstructure above 2.00 meters – 100 %
 For failure to pay the annual inspection fee within thirty (30) days from the prescribed date,
a surcharge of 25% of the inspection fee shall be imposed.

SECTION 213. Penal Provisions

 Any person, firm or corporation who shall violate any of the provisions of the Code
 punished by a fine of
o not more than 20k
o imprisonment of not more than 2 years
o either or both
 if corporation, association or partnership
o the penalty shall be imposed upon its officials responsible for such violation
o in case the guilty party is an alien
 he shall immediately be deported
 after payment of the fine and/or service of his sentence

SECTION 214. Dangerous and Ruinous Buildings or Structures

 Dangerous buildings
o structurally unsafe or
o not provided with safe egress (entrance / exit)
o which constitute a fire hazard
o dangerous to human life, or constitute a hazard to safety or health or public welfare
because of
 inadequate maintenance,
 dilapidation – deteriorate, decay
 obsolescence
 abandonment;
 which otherwise contribute to the pollution of the site or the community
 to an intolerable degree
SECTION 215. Abatement of Dangerous Buildings
 When any building or structure is found or declared to be dangerous or ruinous
 the Building Official shall order its repair, vacation or demolition
o depending upon the degree of danger to life, health, or safety

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 Structural hazard
o any building/structure or portion thereof has been damaged by
 fire, earthquake, wind, flood, or by any other cause
 to such an extent that the structural strength or stability thereof is materially
less than it was before
 less than the minimum requirements of the National Structural Code of the
Philippines (NSCP)
o any portion or member or appurtenances thereof is likely to
 fall, or to become detached
o any portion of a building/structure or any member, appurtenance or ornamentation on
the exterior
 not of sufficient strength or stability, or is not anchored, attached or fastened
in place
 not capable of resisting a wind pressure of one-half of that specified in the
NSCP for such type of buildings
o exterior walls or other vertical structural member lean or buckle
 a plumb line passing through the center of gravity does not fall inside the
middle one-third of the base.
o the foundation
 supporting member or members - shows 33% or more damage or deterioration
 non-supporting members, enclosing or outside walls or coverings - 50%
o building/structure has been so damaged by fire, wind, earthquake or flood, or has
become so dilapidated or deteriorated
 an attractive nuisance to public
 harbor for vagrants (pulubi), criminals or immoral persons,
 a resort for purposes of committing unlawful or immoral acts
o strength, fire & weather resistant qualities
 non-supporting members – < 50%
 supporting members - < 66%
o remains of demolished building
o abandoned building/structure or portion
 more than 12 months
 became nuisance or hazard to the public
 Fire hazard
o Yun nga if may parts, equipments or vegetation na pwedeng magcause ng fire
 Or makapagpabilis ng kalat ng apoy
 Like dun sa Grenfell Tower fire incident sa London
 Aluminum cladding with a core material –
o may palaman na polyethylene which is combustible
o no fire retardants
o meron naming fire retandant na ganung materials pero yung
ginamit nila yung normal lang yung wala
o buildings/structures or portions not provided with the required
 fire-resistive or
 fire-protective construction or
 fire-extinguishing system or equipment
o not of sufficient width or size
 door, aisle or other means of exit
 or not arranged to provide safe means of exit in case of fire
o any building/structure in violation of the Fire Code PD 1185

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  Unsafe Electrical Wiring
o All wiring systems or installations
 Non-compliant in the latest Philippine Electrical Code
 Unsafe Mechanical Installation
o Mechanical systems or installations not conforming to the Philippine Mechanical
Code.
o Lack of or improper operation
 required ventilating equipment or air-conditioning systems
 Inadequate Sanitation/Plumbing and Health Facilities
o All sanitation and plumbing systems or installations
 not conforming to the Code on Sanitation of the Philippines and the Revised
National Plumbing Code
o Infestation of insects, vermin or rodents and
 lack of adequate control for the same
o Lack of adequate garbage and rubbish
 storage and removal or disposal facilities.
o Source of pollution
 Architectural Deficiency
o All buildings/structures or portion thereof used or occupied for
 purposes other than their intended uses.
o Improper/Unauthorized Occupancy/Location
o Insufficient amount of natural light and ventilation
 due to inadequate open spaces such as
 courts and yards as required.
o Inadequate sizes of
 rooms and
 space dimensions and
 window openings
o Dilapidated, blighted and other unpresentable buildings/structures against generally
accepted aesthetic standards. (di kaaya-aya sa paningin)

SECTION 216. Other Remedies

 The rights, actions and remedies provided in the Code and in the IRR
o shall be in addition to any and all other rights of action and remedies that may be
available under existing laws.

PROCEDURE IN ENFORCING ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTIONS

 In case of a complaint
o BO shall immediately notify the respondent in writing
 Required to submission of a written explanation/answer is within 5 days receipt
of notice
 If answer/explanation is
o Satisfactory – dismiss the protest/complaint
o Unsatisfactory - he shall personally conduct a formal investigation
 Or designate an investigator
 Notice for hearing – 5 days before the date of hearing
 Whenever the Building Official suspects that a building/structure poses imminent danger
o BO shall immediately send an inspection team to conduct a detailed inspection of the
building/structure.
o The team shall submit a report within ten (10) days.
 If in violation of Sec 215

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 o Closure of building/structure
 Malilift lng yung closure if maayos yung defects
 Decision of BO is final after 15 days
o Owner has also 15days to vacate or cause to be vacated, repaired, renovated,
demolished and removed
o If may appeal si “D” suspended ang 15 days
o If yung motion for consideration ni “D” is denied (yung appeal) proceed yung 15 days
 Kung ilang araw nalang natitira yun na lang ang time ni “D” para maperfect nya
yung appeal
o If na approved naman yung motion for considerqation ni “D” si “C” may 15 days para
maperfect nya yung appeal nya (macounter)
 pag nafinal na decision ni BO
o 15 days - time limit to appeal ang desisyon ni BO to Secretary
o If the appeal to the secretary is meritorious
 Secretary may designate a competent representative/s
 to undertake the re-inspection or re-investigation of the building/structure
 to complete reports within the period of thirty (30) days from the date
of termination of re-inspection or re-investigation
 If after investigation the findings is the same (hazardous)
o the Secretary through the Building Official shall notify the owner
o not more than fifteen (15) days to vacate and make necessary repair, etc. to the
building
o owner shall secure permits within that 15 days
 Upon failure of the owner to comply after fifteen (15) days
o the Building Official shall cause the building or structure to be repaired, etc.
 all expenses chargeable to the owner
 the building materials gathered after the demolition
o shall be held by the OBO until full reimbursement of the cost is made by the owner
 not more than 30 days from completion of repair, etc.
o after 30 days materials shall be sold to public auction
 to satisfy the claim
 any excess amount from the sale shall be delivered to owner
 Enforcement and execution
o BO secure assistance of local police or any peace officer in the locality

RULE III - PERMITS AND INSPECTION

SECTION 301. Building Permits

 No permit no works
 Ancillary permits –
o signed and sealed plans and specifications shall be submitted together
o with the duly notarized application for Building Permit
 Architectural
 Civil/structural
 Electrical
 Mechanical
 Sanitary
 Plumbing
 Electronics
 Accessory Permits
o accessory parts of the project
 bank and records vaults
 swimming pools

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 o Accessory Permits for activities being undertaken prior to or during the processing
of the building permit
 ground preparation and excavation
 fence not exceeding 1.80 meters high
 sidewalk construction
 erection of scaffolding

 Exemption from building permits

o Minor Construction
 Sheds, outhouses, greenhouses, children’s playhouses, etc.
 6 sqm max detached from any other building
 Addition of open terraces or patios resting directly on the ground
 20 sqm max exclusively for private use
 Installation of window grilles
 Garden pools
 500mm max depth for private use
 Garden masonry walls (other than party walls)
 1.20 meters max height
 footpaths, residential garden walks and/or driveways
o Repair Works
 Repair works not affecting or involving any structural member
 replacement of deteriorated roofing sheets or tiles, gutters, etc.
 Repair and/or replacement of non-load-bearing partition walls
 Repair of perimeter fence and walls
 Repair and/or replacement of plumbing fixtures
 valves for single detached dwellings and duplexes

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SECTION 302. Application for Permits
 In case the applicant is the registered owner of the lot:
o Certified true copy of OCT/TCT, on file with the Registry of Deeds,
o Tax Declaration
o Current Real Property Tax Receipt
 In case the applicant is not the registered owner of the lot, in addition from above
o notarized copy of the Contract of Lease or
o Deed of Absolute Sale
 5 sets of plans, specifications and other documents
o signed and sealed over the printed names of the duly licensed and registered
professionals
 Architectural Documents
o Architectural Plans/Drawings
 Vicinity Map/Location Plan for
 commercial, industrial, and institutional complex –
o 2.00 kilometer radius
 residential buildings
o ½ kilometer radius
 Minimum scale 1:100
 Civil/Structural Documents
o Boring and load tests
 (3) storeys and higher
 lower buildings/structures at areas with potential geological/geotechnical
hazards

SECTION 303. Processing of Building Permits

 Building Permit Application
o When satisfied that all plans, specifications and other documents are in order, the
Building Official gives due course to the application.
 The OBO verifies conformity with the land use zoning ordinance of the
city/municipality.
 If the project is existing building
 alterations, additions, conversions, renovations and/or repair not
covered by Section 301
 additional document is
o most recent Certificate of Occupancy
o locational clearance not required (zoning)
 Line and grade verification
o Verifies the lot plan in the Title
o Checks compliance to establish easements/setbacks
 and determines grades in relation to road lots, property lines, streets or
highways
o Verifies that at least one (1) side of the lot has direct access to a street/alley
 Architectural
o evaluates building/structure documents
 Types of Construction
 Requirements of Fire Zones and Fire Resistive Regulation
 Building projections over public streets, etc

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  Then evaluates other documents
o Civil/Structural
o Electrical, etc

SECTION 304. Issuance of Building Permit

 within fifteen (15) days from payment of the required fees by the applicant,
o issue the building permit
 The BO may issue a
o Ground Preparation and
o Excavation Permit
o even while the building permit application is still being processed
 For excavations more than 50.00 cu. meters and more than 2.00 meters in depth
o Cash bond
 P50,000.00 for 1st 50cu.m.
 P300.00 for every excess cu.m.
o excavations shall not exceed 100.00 cu. meters or 3.00 meters in depth
o shall not be left open without any work for more than 120 days
o otherwise the cash bond shall be forfeited
 in favor of the government to cover the expense for the backfilling
 Terms and Conditions of Permits
o Liability for 15 years
o construction/erection/addition/alteration, etc. shall conforms in these provisions
 prior to commencement of the construction
 an actual relocation survey shall be conducted by a licensed Geodetic
Eng.
 before commencing the excavation
 notify in writing the owner of adjoining property
 not less than ten (10) days before such excavation
 logbook of daily construction activities
 supervising Architect/Civil Engineer shall keep at the jobsite
 available for comments by the OBO representative during the conduct
of inspection
 upon completion of the construction
 Owner shall submit the logbook duly signed and sealed to the Building
Official
 Includes
o as-built plans
o other documents
 also prepare and submit a Certificate of Completion of the project
 All changes, modifications and alterations shall likewise be submitted to the BO
o subsequent amendatory permit
o before any work on said changes, modifications and alterations
shall be started
o no building/structure shall be used until the Building Official has issued a Certificate of
Occupancy
 a partial Certificate of Occupancy may be issued for a portion or portions of a
building/structure
o Owner/Permittee shall submit
 Notice of Construction
 to the Office of the Building Official
 before start of construction
o Owner/Permittee shall put a Building Permit sign

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SECTION 305. Validity of Building Permits
 Grounds for expiration and nullification of building permit
o within a period of one (1) year after the issuance of the building permit
 if building or work authorized therein is not commenced
o work suspended or abandoned for 120 days

SECTION 306. Non-issuance, Suspension or Revocation of Building Permits

 grounds
o Errors found in the plans and specifications
o Incorrect or inaccurate data or information supplied
o Non-compliance with the provisions of the Code or any rules or regulations

SECTION 307. Appeal

 15 days appeal with secretary
 Secretary shall render his decision within 15 days

SECTION 308. Inspection and Supervision of Work

 The owner of the Building
o shall engage the services of a duly licensed architect or civil engineer
o to undertake the full time inspection and supervision of the construction work
 may or may not the designer of the plans
 the designing architect or civil engineer is
o not precluded (prohibited) from conducting inspection of the construction work
o to check and determine compliance with the plans and specifications of the building
submitted.
 Logbook at jobsite
 Upon completion of the construction
o the said licensed architect or civil engineer shall submit the logbook sign and sealed
to BO

SECTION 309. Certificate of Occupancy

 requirements for C.O.O
o notarized Certificate of Completion
o construction logbook
o as-built plans and specifications
o Building Inspection Sheet
o Signed by
 Contractor or
 Supervising Architect/Engineer
 A notification to conduct final inspection shall be endorsed by the OBO to the
o C/MFM, BFP (Beaurue of fire)
 issue a Fire Safety Inspection Certificate within five (5) workings days
 if in compliance of Fire Code
o the Building Official may issue the Certificate of Occupancy
 if no action from C/MFM, BFP
 if in compliance of Fire Code
 The OBO undertakes the final inspection, verification and/or review of the building/structure
 After Payment
o Building Official shall issue the Certificate of Occupancy

16
RULE IV - TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION
SECTION 401. Types of Construction
 Type I - wood construction
 Type II - wood construction with one-hour fire-resistive throughout
 Type III - masonry and wood construction, incombustible construction for wall
 building shall be one-hour fire-resistive throughout
 Type IV - shall be steel, iron, concrete, or masonry construction
 Incombustible construction for walls, ceiling and permanent partitions
o permanent non-bearing partitions of one-hour fire-resistive construction
 may use fire-retardant treated wood within the framing assembly
 Type V - shall be four-hour fire-resistive throughout and
o the structural elements shall be of steel, iron, concrete, or masonry construction

SECTION 402. Changes in Types

 Allowed if the building will become less hazardous

SECTION 403. Requirements on Type of Construction

 Fire Resistive Requirements
o Exterior Bearing and Non - bearing walls (all exterior walls)
 Type II & III – 1 hr
 Types IV and V – 4 hr
o Interior bearing walls, permanent partitions, floors, and roofs
 Types II, III and IV – 1 hr
 Type V – 3 hr for bearing walls
 1 hr for vertical openings, floors and roofs
o Structural frames
 Types II and III – 1 hr
 Type IV – 2 hr
 Type V – 3 hr
o Exterior doors and windows – 1 hr all types
 Interior Wall and Ceiling Finishes

RULE V – REQUIREMENTS OF FIRE ZONES

SECTION 501. Fire Zones Defined
 Fire zones are areas within which
o only certain types of buildings/structures are permitted to be constructed
o based on their use or occupancy, type of construction, and resistance to fire

SECTION 502. Buildings Located in More Than One Fire Zone

 A building/structure which is located partly in one (1) fire zone and partly in another
o shall be considered to be in the more highly restrictive fire zone,
o when more than one third (1/3) of its total floor area is located in such zone

SECTION 506. Restrictions on Existing Buildings

 Existing buildings or structures in fire zones that do not comply with the requirements for a
new building erected therein shall not hereafter be enlarged, altered, etc., except
o provided that in any 12- month period, the value of the work does not exceed 20% of
the value of the existing building
 do not increase the fire hazard
o Additions thereto are separated from the existing building by fire walls
 using the same kind of materials

17
SECTION 507. Designation of Fire Zones

 Non-Fire Restrictive zones

o Buildings/structures are permitted w/o fire resistivity measures
o Often in country sides or rural areas
o Commercial & industrial structures sparsely constructed
o Clustered in small groups
 like farm lands wherein dwellings are built of indigenous materials
o Type I & II
 Fire Restrictive Zones
o buildings/structures are permitted within prescribed fire-resistivity measures
o exterior walls – 2hr fire resistivity
o usual location in suburban areas – 1 hr
o Types II, III & IV
 Highly Fire Restrictive Zones
o highly fire- resistive or non-combustible buildings/structures and/or construction
assemblies
o 3 – 4hr fire resistive construction materials including exterior wall
o Types IV & V

RULE VI - FIRE-RESISTIVE REQUIREMENTS IN CONSTRUCTION

Fire-resistive Rating: the degree to which a material can withstand fire

Time Period Rating: length of time (in hours) a material can withstand being burned

Fire-resistive Standards
 Table for fire resistive ratings

18
RULE IX – SANITATION

SECTION 902. Water Supply System

 the potable water requirements for a building used for human habitation shall be
o supplied from existing municipal or city waterworks system

SECTION 903. Wastewater Disposal System

 shall be discharged directly into the nearest street sanitary sewer main of existing municipal
or city sanitary sewerage system
 if no available sanitary sewerage system
o dispose their sewage to
 “Imhoff” or septic tank
 subsurface absorption field
 suitable waste water treatment plant or disposal system

SECTION 904. Storm Drainage System

 Rainwater drainage shall not discharge to the sanitary sewer system

SECTION 905. Pest and Vermin Control

 All buildings with hollow and/or wood construction
o shall be provided with rat-proofing
 Dining rooms for public use without artificial ventilation
o shall be properly screened

RULE X – BUILDING PROJECTION OVER PUBLIC STREETS

SECTION 1001. General Requirements

 No part of any building or structure or any of its appendages,
o shall project beyond the building line except as provided herein
 The projection of any structure or appendage over a public property shall be
o the distance measured horizontally from
o the property line to the outermost point of the projection

SECTION 1002. Projection into Alleys or Streets

 Allowed projections
o Footings
 at least 2.4m below grade
 Not more than 300mm beyond property line
 Shall not obstruct existing utilities
 Unless pay the rerouting of the parts of affected utilities
o Foundations
 At least 600mm below established grade
 not exceeding 500mm beyond property line
 Shall not obstruct existing utilities
 Unless pay the rerouting of the parts of affected utilities

SECTION 1003. Projection of Balconies and Appendages Over Streets

19
  The clearance between the established grade of the street and/ or sidewalk and the lowest
under surface of any part of the balcony
o shall not be less than 3.00 meters

SECTION 1004. Arcades

 Whenever required by existing building and zoning regulations
o arcades shall be constructed on sidewalks of streets
o width of the arcade and its height shall be uniform throughout the street
o 3 meters min. clear height from sidewalk to bottom of arcade

20
SECTION 1005. Canopies (Marquees)
 permanent roofed structure above a door attached to and supported by the building and
o projecting over a wall or sidewalk
 Projection and Clearances
o horizontal clearance between the outermost edge of the marquee and the curb line
shall be not less than 300 mm
o vertical clearance – 3 meters
 Construction
o incombustible material or materials
o not less than 2 hr fire resistivity
o It shall be provided with necessary drainage facility
 Location
o not to interfere with the operation of any exterior standpipe connection
o not to obstruct the clear passage from stairway exits from the building or the installation
or maintenance of electroliers

SECTION 1006. Movable Awnings or Hoods

 Awning
o is a movable shelter supported entirely from an exterior wall of a building and
o of a type which can be retracted, folded, or collapsed against the face of a supporting
building
 Clearance

21
 o horizontal clearance between the awning and the curb line shall not be less than
300mm
o vertical clearance – 2.4m

SECTION 1007. Doors, Windows, and the Like

 less than 2.40 meters above the pavement or groundline
o shall not project beyond the property line except fire exit doors

SECTION 1008. Corner Buildings with Chaflans

 on a public street or alley less than 3.60 meters width
o Every corner building or solid fence shall be truncated at the corner to afford a clear
view
o The face of the triangle so formed shall be
 at right angle to the bisector of the angle of the intersection of the street lines
o min 4 meters chaflan

22
SECTION 1107. Maintenance and Removal of Protective Devices
Ladders
 if no temporary stairways or runways are required,
 ladders shall be provided to give access to all floors, stagings or platforms
o more than five (5) storeys above
 max 6 m length
 landing 1.20m square with handrails and toe boards
 300mm ladder rung spaces
 Min 900mm extension from floor, staging or platforms
 If serving both directions min 1m wide
Temporary Stairways
 If permanent stairways are not applicable
o 1 temporary stairway for more 18m building height
 Height of 2 stairs & width of 1 tread
o 460mm-700mm
 Min. 900mm width
 Landings
o Min 750mm long
 Flight
o Max 3.6m
Runways and Ramps
 Max slope 1:3
 Max rise between landings 1.8m
 If slope is more than 1:3
o Cleats with max spacing of 20mm
Guardrails and Toe Boars
 Top rail min 900mm height
o Max 2.4m apart support
 Toe Boards 150mm max
o Max 1.2m apart support

RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 1202. Excavation, Foundation, and Retaining Walls
 Excavation on a public property
o Shall be restored within 48 hrs
 Notify adjoining properties not less than 10 days before the excavation
 Protect the excavation so that
o the soil of adjoining property will not cave-in or settle
 Give the owners of the adjoining properties access to the excavation
o To verify if their property is sufficiently protected
 Also the excavator will have access to the adjoining properties for physical examination
o If refused
 The owner of the adjoining properties will be the one to protect his building
 The excavator shall not be responsible for the damages
 Cut slopes for permanent excavations and slopes for permanent fills
o Shall not be steeper than 2:1 horizontal:vertical

SECTION 1203. Veneer

 Veneer is a nonstructural facing of
o brick, concrete, tile, metal, plastic, glass, or other similar approved materials

23
 o attached to a backing or structural components of the building
o for the purpose of ornamentation, protection, or enclosure
 Shall not support load except
o Its own weight
o Vertical dead load of veneer immediately above
SECTION 1207. Stairs, Exits, and Occupant Loads
Occupant load
 The total number of persons that might occupy a building or portion thereof at any one time
 The number of persons for which the means of egress of a building or portion thereof is
designed
Determination of Occupant Loads
 Determination of Occupant Loads
o divide the floor area assigned to that use by the unit area allowed per occupant
 if not provided on the table
o use the most nearly resembles occupancy
 if fixed seats
o number of installed fixed seats
 occupant load can be increased if necessary exits are provided
Exception
 Accessory areas
o Occupant load of this area should not be included in computing the total occupant load
of the building
Changes in elevation
 Except in Group A occupancies
o Change in floor elevation of along exits less than 300m with 10 or more occupant load
 By means of ramp
Table XII.1. General Requirements for Occupant Loads and Exits*

24
Exits
 Every building or usable portion shall have
o at least 1 exit
 Floors above ground floor with more than 10 occupant load
o 2 exits min
 Mezzanine not use for storage
o More than 185 sq.m
o More than 18m in any dimension
o 2 stairways to an adjacent floor
 Every storey or portion thereof
o 500-999 O.L. – 3 exits
o 1000 or more – 4 exits
o For multi storey buildings additional occupant load
 50% of occupant load in the first adjacent floor
 25% of occupant load in the storey immediately beyond the first adjacent
storey
 Floors above the second storey, basement and cellars use other than service of the building
o Min 2 exits

AUDITORIUM 5mx10m

OCCUPANT LOAD
total area 50 sqm
classroom unit area per 0.65 sqm
occupant
total occupant load 30/1.8
76.92308
77 OC
EXIT
more than 50 OL 2 exits

 Width of exits
o Total width of exits
 Not less than occupant load divided by 165
 For example
 77 OL divided by 165 = 0.47m
 Total width for 2 exits
 Arrangement of exits
o 2 exits – 1/5 of the perimeter (distance to each other)
o For example
 Total perimeter = 30
 30 / 5 = 6m max distance
 Distance to exits
o w/o sprinkler – 45m
o w/ sprinkler – 60m

25
Doors
 All provisions are for more than 10 OL
 Swing
o Swing in the direction of exit
 Hazardous areas
 50 or more OL
o Double acting doors
 Shall not be used as exits serving more than 100 OL
 Shall not be used as part of fire assembly, nor equipped with panic hardware.
 View panel min. 1300 sq.cm
 Type of lock or latch
o Exit doors should be openable from the inside
o Except
 Exit doors for Group E or F occupancy
 if there is a conspicuous, readily visible and durable sign
 stating that the door is to remain unlocked during business hours.
o Flush bolts or surface bolts are prohibited (usually for double doors on top or bottom)
 Width and Height
o Min width – 900mm
o Min height – 2m
o Can be open at least 90 degrees
 Door leaf width
o Max 1.2 m
 Special Doors
o Don’t use as exit
 Revolving, sliding and overhead doors
 Change in floor level at doors
o Floor or landing shall be leveled on each side of exit door
 Or 50mm lower than the threshold of the doorway
o Group A & B occupancies
 May open on the top of a flight of stairs or an exterior landing
 The door does not swing over the top step or exterior landing
 Max 200mm below the floor level

Corridors and Exterior Exit Balconies

 Serving as exit for an occupant load of more than 10
 Width – min 1.10m
 Projections
o Width shall be unobstructed
o Trims, handrails and doors when fully opened
 shall not reduce the required width by more than 200 millimeters (min 0.90m)
 Access to Exits
o When more than 1 exit is required
 Arrange to allow going to either direction from any point in the corridor or
exterior exit balcony to a separate exit,
 Dead ends – max 6m
 Construction
o Walls and ceiling of corridors – 1 hr fire resistive construction
 Openings
o total area of all openings other than doors,
o max 25% of corridor wall area

26
Stairways
 Width
o More than 50 OL – min. 1.10m
o 50 OL or less – min. 900mm
o Less than 10 OL – min. 750mm
o Trim and handrails max 100mm
 Rise and Run
o Rise max 200mm, Run min. 250mm
o 5mm tolerance
 Winding Stairways
o In group A and in private stairways in Group B
o Max 300mm from narrower side – 250mm
o Min. 150mm width at any point
 Circular Stairways
o Run min width – 250mm
o 5mm tolerance
 Landings
o Landing dimension equal to stairway width
o Max 1.2 for straight run
o Max 100mm projections – doors when fully opened, trims and handrails
 Basement Stairways
o Where a basement stairway and a stairway to an upper storey
 terminate in the same exit enclosure
 an approved barrier shall be provided
 to prevent persons from continuing on to the basements
 Directional exit signs shall be provided
 Distance Between Landings
o Max 3.60 m vertical distance between landings
 Handrails
o Stairways should have handrails in each side
o If stairway required to be more than 3.0m in width
 1 intermediate handrail
o Intermediate handrails
 shall be spaced approximately equal within the entire width of the stairway
o Height from treads nosing
 800 – 900mm
 Shall returned or terminate in newel posts (???????) or safety terminals
 1.10m stairs or less or stairway serving individual dwelling unit in Group A & B
 May have 1 handrail
 If both side is open – both sides should have handrails
o If less than 4 risers – handrails not required
 Stairway Construction
o Interior – 1 hr fire resistive for walls and soffits enclosing the usable space under the
stair
o Exterior
 Incombustible materials
 Stairway to Roof
o Buildings with 4 or more storeys in height – 1 stairway shall extend to the roof
o If the roof slope is not greater than 1:3
 Headroom
o Min 2.0m

27
Ramps
 Ramps width same provisions for corridors

Horizontal Exit
 Ambulatory occupant – 0.30 sqm
 Non-ambulatory occupant – 1.90 sqm

Exit enclosure
 Interior stairway, ram or escalator shall be enclosed
 Group D Occupancy stairway, ramp or escalator serving only one adjacent floor and
o not connected with corridors or stairways serving other floors
o may not be enclosed
o also Group-A Occupancy stairs
 min 2 hr fire resistivity
 shall be no openings except
o exit doorways and opening in exterior walls

Smokeproof Enclosures
 vestibule and a continuous stairway enclosed from the highest point to the lowest point by
walls
 2 hr fire resistive
 5 storey or more buildings – 1 smokeproof enclosure required
 Access through a vestibule 1 wall 50 % open 1 door from building interior and 1 door leading
to the enclosure or open exterior balcony
 Opening from building interior
o Self-closing door with 1hour fire resistivity
 Exit to the public way or exit passageway (no openings 2 hr fire resistive enclosure) leading to
public way

Exit Outlets, Courts, and Passageways

 Every exit shall discharge into a public way, exit court, or exit passageway
 Every exit court shall discharge into a public way or an exit passageway.
 Width
o Same as tributary exits – corridors and stairways
 Slope
o Exit court - Max 1:10
o Exit passageway – max 1:8

Exit Signs and Illuminations

 Exits shall be illuminated at any time the building is occupied

Aisles
 Width – cross aisles or foyer minimum at the point farthest from the exit
o 1 side – min 800mm
o 2 sides – min 1m
o + 30mm every m towards the exit
 Side aisles
o Min 1.10m width
 Exit distance
o In areas occupied by seats or Group H & I Occupancies
 Line of travel to an exit door by an aisle – max 45m
o Aisle spacing

28
  Between the wall and an Aisle - max 7 seats
 Between aisles – max 14 seats
 May increase to 30 if
o Provide 1 pair of exit door in each side every 5 rows
o Seat distance back to back is 1m min
o Provide 1.7m exit doors width
 Cross aisles
o Aisles shall terminate in a
 Cross aisles, foyer or exit
o Min width
 Widest aisles plus 50% of the total required width of the remaining aisle leading
thereto
o In group C, H and E
 Max 6m dead end of aisles is allowed
Vomitories
 Min width
o Widest aisles plus 50% of the total required width of the remaining aisle leading thereto
Seats
 Spacing
o Row spacing back to back – min. 840mm
o Continental seating clear spacing
 18 seats or less – 450mm
 35 seats or less – 500mm
 45 seats or less – 525mm
 46 seats or more – 550mm
 Width
o Min 450mm
Reviewing Stands, Grandstands, and Bleachers
 Height
o Combustible framing materials – max 11 rows or 2.m height
 Spacing of seats
o Seats w/o back rest – min 600mm back to back in open air stand
o With back rest – min 750mm
o Chair seating – min 850mm
 Rise between rows
o Max 400mm
 Seat width – 450mm – 480mm
 Number of Seats Between Aisles
o max 15 seats
 Open air stands w/o backrest
 far open air stands with backrests
 seats without backrests within buildings
o max 6 seats
 for seats with backrests in buildings
 w/o aisles
o w/o backrest
o max rise 300mm
o max number of rows 11
o max height of top seating board is 3m
o max height of 1st seating board is 500mm
o aisle min width – 1.10m
o aisle dead end – max 16 rows

29
  Stairs
o Max rise 200mm, min run 280mm
 Ramps
o Max slope 1:8
 Exits
o Max line of travel – 45m
 If w/o seat can be straight line
o Aisle can be considered exit if
 Both ends access to a legal building exit or to a safe dispersal area
o 2 exits
 1st seating board not more than 500mm open ends at the bottom of stand
 Inside the building max 50 persons
 Open air stands w/o backrest max 300 persons
o 3 exits
 Inside the building more than 300 persons
 Open air stands w/o backrest more than 1000 persons
o 4 exits
 More than 100O occupants all except
 Open air stands w/o backrest more than 3000 persons
o Width of exits
 Min 1.10m width
o Location of exits
 If 2 exits only – min 1/5 of the perimeter
Special hazards
 Boiler rooms
o Except in Group A
o 2 egress 1 can be a ladder
 Cellulose Nitrate handling – 2 egress

SECTION 1209. Bays, Porches, and Balconies

 Railings if more than 750mm above grade

SECTION 1212. Fire-Extinguishing Systems

 Required standard automatic fire-extinguishing systems
o In every storey, basement or cellar use as habitation
 200sqm or more, > 20 OL
o All rooms
 dressing rooms, rehearsal rooms, workshops or factories, and other rooms
 > 10 OL
 assembly halls under Group H and I Occupancies
 > 500 OL
 All rooms exit door > 30 m from the nearest safe fire dispersal area of the
building
o In all rooms used for storage or handling of photographic x-ray nitrocellulose films
and other inflammable articles.
 Dry standpipes
o 4 or more storeys – 1 or more standpipes
o Wrought iron / G.I. Steel can withstand 20kg per sq.cm of water pressure
o Size 900L of water per minute form each 3 outlets at the same time
o Number of dry standpipes
 4 or more storeys
 Floor above 3rd floor max area of 950 sq.m
 Plus 1 standpipe for every 950 sq.m or a fraction thereof

30
 o Locations
 Enclosed stairway landings or near it
 Within 300mm from an opening of a smokeproof tower
 An outside exit stairway
o Siamese connection
 100mm – 2 siamese fire department connection
 125mm – 3 siamese fire department connection
 150mm – 4 siamese fire department connection
 Located on a street front of the building
 300mm to 1.20m above grade
o Outlets
 63mm outlet max 1.20m above floor level at each storey
 2-way 63 mm outlet if above the roof
 Wet Standpipe
o Every Group H and I Occupancy of any height\
o Group C Occupancy - (2) or more storeys in height,
o Group B, D, E, F and G Occupancy – 3 storey or more\
o Group G and E Occupancy over 1800 sq.m in area
o Exception
 Group H buildings w/o stage and less than 500 seating cap.
o Size
 Min internal diameter of standpipe – 50mm not attached to an automatic fire-
extinguishing system.
o Number
 All portions of the building should be within 6m of a nozzle attached to a 23m
hose
o Location
 Group H and I Occupancies – 500 or more OL
 1 of each side of the stage
 1 at the rear of the auditorium
 1 at the rear of the balcony
 Group B, C, D, E, F and G same as dry standpipes
o Outlets
 38mm, 0.30m – 1.20m height

RULE XIII - ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL REGULATIONS

Clearance of Service Drops for 600volts and less
 Min. 2.50 m clearance from the highest point of roof
Clearance of Service Drops for 300volts and less
 Roof slope min 1:3 – min. 1.0m
 Pass through roof overhang only for the purpose of terminating at a through-the-roof service
raceway
o Min 500mm from any portion of the roof overhang
Clearance of conductors from the ground or any platform of projection from which they might be reach
 3.0m
Conductors min. clearance from windows, doors, porches, fire escapes
 Horizontal and vertical top of openings – 1.0m
Service drop conductors crossing street
 Min 5.5m from the crown of the street or sidewalk
 Point of attachment to building/pedestal – min. 3.0m from ground

31
SECTION 1302. Mechanical Regulations
Elevators
 Hoistway pits
o Should have min. of 600mm clearance between underside of the car and bottom of
the pit when the car rest on a fully compressed buffers
 If 4 or more elevators
o Min 2 hoistways
o Max number of elevators per hoistway – 4 elevators
 Min number of hoisting ropes
o Traction elev. – 3
o Drum type elev. – 2
 Min. diameter of hoisting and counterweight ropes
o 30mm
 In apartments or residential condo of 5 or more storeys
o Min 1 passenger elev kept on 24 hrs constant service
Escalators
 Max 30˚ from horizontal
 Balustrade width – 560mm to 1.2m
 Speed rate along angle of inclination – max 38m per minute
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
 Effective temperature for comfortable cooling - 20˚ to 24˚ Celsius
 Effective humidity of air – 50% to 60%
 Air movement – 4.60 to 7.60 meters per minute

32
RULE XVIII – GLASS AND GLAZING
Table for glass area limitation for use in large area along shopping malls, commercial buildings,
theaters, offices, institutional public buildings and factories other except
 Group A, B and J Occupancies

RULE XX – SIGNS
Projecting Signs
 Non arcaded RROW
o Max 1.20m extension over the sidewalk
 Arcaded RROW
o Max 0.60m from the outermost portion of the arcade
 If without sidewalks
o Max 0.30m
 Vertical Clearance
o w/o arcade – min. 3.0m
o w/ arcade – min. 5.0m
Neon signboards or other advertisement
 clear distance between signboards – min 4.0m
 sign board shall be on the same vertical lines
 top of signboard shall not extend beyond parapet or bottom of roof eaves
 2 adjacent buildings
o Min. 2.0m from the common boundary lines
 See figure xx.3
Study illustrations

33
 RULE 7 & 8
SECTION 701 – CLASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCY

SECTION 702 – MIXED OCCUPANCY

 When a building is of mixed occupancy

o The whole building shall be subject to the most restrictive requirements
 Except
o 1 storey building housing more than 1 more occupancies,
 Each portion shall conform to its respective occupancy
o Minor accessory uses do not occupy more than 10% of the area of any floor or a building,
nor more than 10% of the basic area permitted in the occupancy requirements
 The major use of the building shall determine the occupancy classification

SECTION 704 – LOCATION ON PROPERTY

 General
o No building shall be constructed unless it adjoins or has direct access to a public space, yard
or street on at least one of its sides.
o Eaves over required windows shall not be less than 750 millimeters from the side and rear
property lines.
 Building Footprint & Firewall requirements

34
 Footprint based on Firewall Provisions
o Measuring Building Footprint with firewall

o R-1 occupancy low density residential – no firewalls allowed

 Abutment is allowed
 Max 3.20m
 Supporting a carport roof
 Above 1.5m – perforated or decorative concrete blocks
 Max 7.0m or Max 50% of side property line, which is shorter
o R-2 occupancy – medium density residential
 1 side firewall only – max 80% of length of side property line
o R-3 occupancy – high-density residential
 2 sides firewall
 Max 85% of length of each side property line
 Shall not exceed 65% of total perimeter of the property
 Firewalls allowed for a Max for 2 storey only
 1 side and rear firewall
 Side and rear firewalls - max 90%
 Rear up to 100% if 4 meters only
 Side firewall shall not exceed 50% of the perimeter
 Side Firewall allowed for a Max for 2 storey only
 Rear firewall max 3.20 m height
o R-4 occupancy – townhouse
 2 sides
 Max 85% each
 Shall not exceed 50% of total perimeter of the property
 Max 3 storey
o R-5 occupancy – condominium
 2 sides firewall
 Max 75% of length of each side property line
 Shall not exceed 50% of total perimeter of the property
 Firewalls allowed for a Max for 8 storey only

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  1 side and rear firewall
 Side - max 65%
 Rear – max 50%
 All firewalls shall not exceed 60% of the perimeter
 Side Firewall allowed for a Max for 8 storey only
 Rear firewall max 14 m height
o Commercial, institutional and industrial building
 Allowed 70% of perimeter if provided with functional sprinkler system or other
fire suppression devices

SECTION 705. Allowable Floor Areas

 Allowable maximum Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA)

TGFA = BHL x % of TLA (AMBF – allowable maximum building footprint)

SECTION 707. Maximum Height of Buildings

 BHL excludes height of permitted projections above roof

o Signage
o Mast
o Antenna
o Telecom tower
o Beacons, and the like
 See table

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  Establishing grade

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Other Considerations in Height Determination

 Factors
o Base on Building Bulk
 < PSO (Percentage of Site Occupancy), AMBF (Allowable Maximum Building
Footprint) or MACA (Maximum Allowable Construction Area) – higherVice versa
o > TGFA (Total Gross Floor Area) – higher
o Higher FLAR (Floor to Lot Area Ration) – higher
o Wider RROW – higher

 RROW-based Limitations

No. of RROW RROW Width Max. BHL

Storey Heigth (m)
1 6-7m 3 9
1 4-5m 2 1/2 7.5
1 3m or less 2 6

 Other Factors
o Mostly Geographic Conditions

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OBSTACLE LIMITATION SURFACES FOR AERODROMES WHERE TURBO AND NO TURBO JETAIRCRAFT
OPERATES

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OBSTACLE LIMITATION SURFACES FOR
AERODROMES WHERE TURBO AND NO TURBO
JETAIRCRAFT OPERATES

40
OBSTACLE LIMITATION SURFACES FOR
AERODROMES WHERE TURBO AND NO
TURBO JETAIRCRAFT OPERATES

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ATO Air Transportation Office
 rules and regulations shall govern the construction of buildings/structures within
o 24 KM radius – where turbo-jet aircraft operate
o 10 KM radius – where non turbo-jet aircraft operate
 The height of buildings/structures within this area shall be limited by an imaginary line with slope of
o 2% (1:50) for aerodromes where turbo-jet aircraft operates
o 2.5% (1:40) for aerodromes where no turbo-jet aircraft operates
 A height clearance permit shall be first secured from the Air Transportation Office (ATO) before a building
permit may be issued for the construction of buildings/structures located:
o Within 4 KM radius of the runway ends of an aerodrome regardless of height
o Turbo jet - From 4KM to 24KM radius of the runway ends more than 45m in height
o Non- turbo jet - From 4KM to 10KM radius of the runway ends more than 45m in height

Parking Slot, Parking Area and Loading/Unloading Space Requirements

 Parking slot dimensions

o car
 Perpendicular and diagonal - 2.50x5.00m
 Parallel – 2.15x6.00m
o Standard truck or bus – 3.6x12.0m
o Articulated truck – 3.6x18.0m
o Jeepney or shuttle parking/loading/unloading – 3.0x9.0m
 Table VII.4. Minimum Required Off-Street (Off-RROW) cum On-Site Parking Slot, Parking Area and
Loading/Unloading Space Requirements by Allowed Use or Occupancy
o In computing for parking slots, a fraction of 50% and above = 1 car
o Multi-floor parking garages – may serve 20% of parking requirements
 It should be within 200m radius
 80% should be complied within the building
o Comply with BP344
 Allowed Off-RROW/Off-Street cum Off-Site Parking Provision
o Residential building project – max 100m radius
o Office or commercial project – max 200m radius
o reserved or leased parking slots within a
o permanent parking building/structure
 Traffic generating buildings such as shopping malls can be located within 100m from intersections

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  R-2, R-3, GI, C, C-2 and C-3 front yard uses
o Driveways
o Off RROW loading spaces
o Short term off-RROW parking
o Landscaping
 Basic R-2 and Basic R-3 (single family dwellings only)
o 50% of the front yard may be paved/hardscaped for carport use

SECTION 708. Minimum Requirements for Group A Dwellings

Dwelling Location and Lot Occupancy
 Corner lot – max 90% of lot can be occupied
 Inside lot – max 80% of lot can be occupied
 Easement – min 2.0m from property line
Foundation
 Footing shall be min 250 millimeters thick and 600 millimeters below the surface of the ground
Floor
 Live load
o Ground floor – 200kg/sqm
o 2nd floor – 150kg/sqm
Roof
 Wind load for vertical projection 120kg/sqm
Stairs
 Width – min 750mm
 Rise – max 200mm
 Run – min 200mm
Entrance and Exit
 1 entrance Another 1 for exit

DETERMINING BUILDING BULK

 determined by
o the application of the Floor-Lot Area Ratio (FLAR)
o vertically projecting the Allowable Maximum Building Footprint (AMBF)
o establishing the Outermost Faces of Building (OFB)
o quantifying the Allowable Maximum Volume of Building (AMVB)
 The FLAR (Table VII.G.1.) shall be the primary or initial determinant of the building bulk.

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Table VII.G.1. Reference Table of Floor to Lot Area Ratio (FLAR) Designations/Rights

 Establishing the OFB

o determined by
 the vertical projections of the outermost faces of the AMBF
 up to height prescribed by BHL
o Table VII.G.3. Reference Table of Angles/Slopes* To Satisfy Natural Light and Ventilation
Requirements Along RROW and Front Yards

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The AMVB Allowable Maximum Volume of Building shall be primarily determined by the following
 Multiply the AMBF (in square meters) for the lot by the applicable BHL (in meters)
 Later discuss

Application of Development Controls (DC)

 Later
Gross Floor Area
 the total floor space within the perimeter of the permanent external building walls
 shall also include building projections which may serve as floors or platforms
o balconies
 Excludes
o Covered areas used for parking and driveways, services and utilities
o Vertical penetrations in parking floors where no residential or office units are present
o Uncovered areas for helipads air-conditioning cooling towers or air-conditioning condensing unit
(ACCU) balconies, overhead water tanks, roof decks, etc.
 Exceeding 10sqm
TOTAL GROSS FLOOR AREA (TGFA)
 All the exclusion in GFA
 Other building projections which may additionally function as floors or platforms if properly reinforced
o top surfaces of roof extensions/eaves,
o sun-breakers
o large roofed or cantilevered areas like canopies

BUILDINGS AND OTHER ACCESSORY STRUCTURES WITHIN CEMETERIES AND MEMORIAL

PARKS
 Enclosure
o shall be totally enclosed by a perimeter fence/wall
o max 3m wall
o if the cemetery is enclosed with at least 2m solid RC wall allowed to construct
 tombs, vaults, mausoleums
 min 5 meters clearance between fence and the nearest interment plot
 Interments, Burials and Entombments
o ground interments – mid depth of 1.5m
o if concrete vaults are used – min 1m depth depending on the depth of ground water table
 Accessory Structures
o A chapel with a floor area of at least 50.00 sq. meters
o Wake chaplets with a minimum area of 50.00 sq. meters for thirty (30) persons
 1.60 sq. meters for each additional person
o Administrative Office - a 64.00 sq. meters lot for memorial parks with an area of above one (1)
hectare.
 Electrical Power Supply
o Max 100m lamppost distance
 Parking Area
o 5% of the gross area of memorial park/cemetery

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 RULE VIII - LIGHT AND VENTILATION

SECTION 801. General Requirements of Light and Ventilation

 All buildings shall face a street or public alley or a private street which has been duly approved.

SECTION 802. Measurement of Site Occupancy

 shall be taken at the ground level and shall be exclusive of courts, yards, and light wells
 Courts, yards, and light wells shall be measured clear of all projections from the walls
o exception of roof leaders, wall copings, sills, or steel fire escapes not exceeding 1.20 meters in
width.

SECTION 803. Percentage of Site Occupancy

 Total Open Spaces within Lot (TOSL)
o courts, yards, gardens, light wells, uncovered driveways, access roads and parking spaces
o Types
 Maximum Allowable Impervious Surface Areas (ISA) – paved or tiled (hardscaped
areas)
 Unpaved Surface Areas (USA) – unpaved/softscaped areas (the true open space)

 Table VIII.1. Reference Table of Maximum Allowable PSO, Maximum Allowable ISA, the MACA,
the Minimum USA and the TOSL by Type of Land Use Zoning per Lot

Notes:
a) per duly-approved City/ Municipal Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP)
b) per duly-approved City/Municipal Zoning Ordinance (ZO) and its IRR
c) PSO + ISA = MACA (Maximum Allowable Construction Area)
d) PSO + TOSL = TLA (Total Lot Area).
e) without firewall
f) with firewall

 Minimum Requirements for Total Open Spaces within Lot (TOSL)

o Group A buildings or Residential 1 (R-1) uses/occupancies shall follow the minimum yard
standards in Table VIII.2. to comply with the TOSL requirement.
o Abutments for Basic Uses/Occupancies forming part of new developments shall be basically
similar to the restrictions prescribed for firewalls under Rule VII,

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o Lot Type/Location

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SECTION 804. Sizes and Dimensions of Courts

 All inner courts shall be connected to a street or yard, either by a passageway with a minimum width of
1.20 meters or by a door through a room or rooms.

Notes:
a) The setback requirements in Table VIII.2. above are for newly-developed subdivisions.
b) * Total setback only at grade (or natural ground) level, i.e., 3.00 meters + 5.00 meters = 8.00
meters (to accommodate part of the minimum parking requirement outside the designated area
for the front yard). The second and upper floors and mezzanine level shall thereafter comply with
the minimum 3.00 meters setback unless otherwise provided under the Code.
c) ** Setback required for only one (1) side. Setbacks on two sides shall be optional.
d) *** Abutments on two sides and rear property lines may be allowed with conditions as enumerated
under Section 804, Subsection 10 of this Rule.
e) **** Mixed-Use Buildings/Structures in R-5 lots shall be considered a commercial use or occupancy if
a substantial percentage, i.e., 55% of the Gross Floor Area (GFA) is commercial.
f) In cases where yards/setbacks are impossible to attain or where frontage and depth of lots are
similar to that of Open Market or Medium Cost Housing Projects, abutments on the sides and rear
property lines may be allowed and 1.50 meters front yard is left open as transition area.

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 Min width of court – 2m, 1.5m if in cluster living like quadruplex, rowhouse or the like
o with adjacent courts with an area of not less than 3.00 sq. meters
o separation walls or fence – max 2m
o if triangular lot and courts may be exempted from the minimum width

 For buildings of more than two (2) storeys in height

o minimum width of the rear or side court shall be increased at the rate of 300 millimeters for
each additional storey up to the fourteenth (14th) storey
o For buildings exceeding fourteen (14) storeys in height, the required width of the court shall be
computed on the basis of fourteen (14) storeys.
 carport shall not be considered part of the Total Open Space within Lot (TOSL)
o if it is entirely roofed or roofed with overhangs
o In such a case, it must be counted as an integral component of the Allowable Maximum
Building Footprint (AMBF)
 A front yard may be partly paved/hardscaped to serve as a carport
o Only for a basic R-2 or basic R-3 or R-4 (individual lot)

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SECTION 805. Ceiling Heights

 Natural Ventilation – 2.70m min.

 Artificial Ventilation
o 1 storey – 2.40m min.
o 2 or more storey
 Ground floor – 2.70m
 2nd floor and above – 2.40m
 Mezzanine
o Min. 1.80m above & below

SECTION 806. Sizes and Dimensions of Rooms

 Min. sizes of rooms

o Rooms for Human Habitations
 Area - 6.00 sq. meters
 Least dimension – min. 2.00 meters
o Kitchen
 Area - 3.00 sq. meters
 Least dimension – min. 1.50 meters
o Bath and Toilet
 Area – 1.20 sq. meters
 Least dimension – min. 0.90 meters

SECTION 807. Air Space Requirements in Determining the Size of Rooms

 School Rooms – 3.00 cu. meters with 1.00 sq. meter of floor area per person
 Workshop, Factories, and Offices – 12.00 cu. meters of air space per person;
 Habitable Rooms – 14.00 cu. meters of air space per person

SECTION 808. Window Openings

 Natural Ventilation
o window or windows total free area – 10% of the floor area
o min. 1sqm
 Toilet and bath, laundry and similar rooms
o Window or windows opening area – 1/20 of the floor area
o Min. 240sqmm
 Required windows may open into a roofed porch where the porch
o Abuts a court, yard, public street or alley, or open watercourse and other public open spaces
o With min ceiling height of 2.70m
o One of the longer sides open and unobstructed – min 65%
 Eaves, canopies, awnings (or media agua) over required windows
o Min 750mm from rear and side property lines
 No windows on abutments like firewalls
o Exept vent wells
 Windows as emergency egress
o Can be open without any tools
o Min. width – 820mm, min. height – 1m
o Max. window sill height – 820mm

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A. EASEMENTS

 Outside of property line – so the easement is a public land

 Prohibited Uses of Easements
o Residential and the likes, weather temporary or permanent
o Long-term or overnight vehicle parking
 unless duly designated as day and/or night pay parking zones
o depository of stalled, wrecked or abandoned vehicles, mechanical devices and the like
o The conduct of specific commercial, institutional and/or industrial activities not compatible with
its stated character
o Unauthorized recreational or entertainment usage and the like which will only benefit certain
entities
o Any other form of private use, gain, enjoyment or profit
 Allowed or Encouraged Structures/Developments Within Easements
o If wider than 9.00 meters
 roadway/carriageway – vehicles can pass
 vehicles may temporarily park
 esplanade and the like (Fig. VIII.G.1.)
o Pedestrian access-ways and the like
 to be located at/ above/below the easement
 promenade and the like (Fig. VIII.G.2.)
o The allowed structures/developments include
 Hardscaped (paved) pedestrian access-ways such as walks, footpaths or arcades
 Covered or roofed sidewalks without any habitable structures above or below it
 Softscaped (unpaved) developments for recreational livelihood and soil
stabilization/protection purposes;
 Park strips
 Linear parks
 Small tree farms
 Concrete steps leading down to the water or wooden boardwalks
 Should be safe, non-slip, handrails and railings
 Other forms of soil stabilization/protection including anti-erosion/scouring
measures/structures within the easement
 Rip-rapping
 Embankment
 No habitable structures, on, above or below
 Permanent utility/service lines
 Should be underground or overhead
o Disallowed
 temporary or movable hardscape elements that must not encroach on the easement
 gazebos
 sheds
 fountains
 semi-permanent/permanent or semi-enclosed/enclosed structures
 habitable building projections
 arcade structures
 eaves
 cantilevered beams
 foundations
 enclosures
 fence
 perimeter walls

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  except for public safety

B. VIEW CORRIDORS AND/OR SIGHT LINES

 Preservation of View Corridors and/or Sight Lines

o carriageway/roadway portion of the RROW shall be free of structures
 particularly commercial signs

C. STREETS/ROAD RIGHT-OF-WAY (RROW)

 Allowed or Encouraged Structures/Developments Within the RROW

o Transportation structures and like
 Mass transit alignments (particularly light and heavy rail) at grade
 mass transit stations and terminal facilities above grade or below grade
 waiting sheds
 traffic outpost
o Limited commercial structures/uses above grade (RROW air rights utilization) or below grade
 provided that these should be transportation structures/uses
o Improvements on the RROW and on all its components/elements
 sidewalks, arcades, roadway/carriageway, planting strips, etc.
 elevated or underground crossings or access-ways
 noncommercial traffic and directional signages
o Public utility/service structures/uses
 Disallowed and Prohibited Structures/Developments at RROW
o If situated outside of private property limits
 the RROW is public land
o semi-permanent/permanent or semi-enclosed/enclosed
 commercial and residential structure/use
o Government structures/use
 unless the same are located below or above grade
 must be properly planned/designed and constructed
o Long-term or overnight vehicle parking, i.e., unless duly designated as day and/or night pay-
parking zones;

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  Min. Access requirements
o RROW/access streets or alleys shall have the following widths:
 Interior or rear lots
 Min 3m
 Should have Min 4m chaflan in its intersection with the main road
 shall not be used for any form of parking

3 physical levels of RROW

 Above Grade – 4.27m min clear height

 At Grade
 Below Grade

Study those figures

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D. SIDEWALKS

 Sidewalks shall be of uniform width

 The width of the sidewalk shall include both the paved and unpaved
 Non-slip surface sloping down towards curbline max 1/50
 2m or more sidewalks –
o shall include min. 800mm planting strip to max 1/3 of the sidewalk width
o at curbline
 Combined open and arcaded sidewalks
o shall include min. 800mm planting strip to max 1/3 of the sidewalk width
o in between arcaded and open sidewalks

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 Grade of sidewalks
o as much as possible, be level and of uniform grade throughout the entire length of the street
o street slope of max 1/12 – grade of the sidewalk shall follow the street slope

o Street slope of 1/10 and higher

 sidewalk shall be maintained level for every 20.00 to 40.00 meters of run
 sidewalks of different level shall be joined by a ramp with max slope of 1/6

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F. BASEMENTS

 Basements can be constructed on a Min. 10m wide RROW

 Shall follow the setbacks above grade
 Max depth can be ½ of the building height above grade if:
o the prescriptions for natural lighting and ventilation are satisfied

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