Lab # 04 Objectives:: Task: Draw A Rectangular Pulse Function

MCT-301 SIGNAL AND SYSTEM LAB MANUAL
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Lab # 04
Objectives:
 To get familiarize with even and odd functions
 Plot Causal and non-Causal signals
 Calculate the power and energy of a signal
Introduction:
Rectangular Pulse Function:
The Rectangular Waveform object creates a rectangular pulse waveform. For that
purpose we use Heaviside command.
Simulations:
Task: Draw a Rectangular Pulse Function
P= u(t+2) – u(t-2) { 1 -2<=+<=2}
When T=2 { 0 otherwise}
Fig.4.1 Rectangular Pulse Function
Task: Real exponential Function (D.T)
x[n]=(0.8)n -3<= n<=5
x[n]=(1.2)n -3<= n<=5\
INSTRUCTOR: S M UMAIR RASHEED

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Fig.4.2 Real Exponential Sequence

Task: Plot real, imaginary, absolute, angle
For Real Part
Fig.4.3 Real plot

For Absolute
Fig.4.4 Absolute plot

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For angle
Fig.4.5 angle plot

Task: Plot two Sinosoidal Sequence
x[n]=Acos(Wn+@)
plot x[n]=2cos(n/2 + pi/4)
y[n]=2cos(npi/6 + pi/4)
Fig.4.6 A sinusoidal Function

Task: Plot Continuous time signal Sampling to D.T Signal
Fig.4.7 Continuous time signal

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Task: Plot Sawtooth
Fig.4.8 Sawtooth Signal

Task: Plot Square
Fig.4.9 plotting a Square shape Signal

Causal Signal:
A signal x(t) is casual if it is zero for all negative values of time, i.e x(t)=0, t<0
Task: Plot a Casual Signal
Fig.4.10 Casual Signal

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Non-Causal:
Non-casual signals are signals that have nonzero values in both positive and negative
time. Finally, a signal that is zero for all positive time is called anti casual
Task: Plot a Non-Casual Signal.
Fig.4.11 Non-Casual Signal
Even Odd and their addition:

A signal x(t) is even if x(-t)=x(t), -inf <t<inf
A signal is odd if x(-t)=-x(t), -inf<t<inf
Fig.4.12 Even Odd Signal and Their Sum

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Power Signal:
A signal x(t) is called a power signal if 0<Px<inf. In order to calculate the energy or the
power of a signal , recall that the command limit (F ,x ,a) computes the limit of the function F
when the symbolic variable x tends to a.
Task:
Verify that x(t)=u(t) is a power signal while x(t)=u(t)-u(t-1) is an energy type signal.
Fig.4.13 Power or Energy signal
Conclusion:
 In sampling the frequency must Fs>2f, according to Sampling theorem.
 If the signal is of finite energy, the signal power is zero. On the other hand, if a signal is a
power signal its energy is infinite.
 There are some signals, that are neither energy signals nor power signals.

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Lab # 05
Objectives:
 To get familiarize with even and odd functions
 Plot Causal and non-Causal signals
 Calculate the power and energy of a signal
Introduction:
Simulations:
Task
plot
X(t)= u(t+1)-u(t-2)+u(t-4)
By using heaviside
t=-5:0.1:10
Plot
X(t)= u(t+1)*2u(t-2)
By using Heaviside

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Plot
X(t)= tsin(2pit)(u(t)-u(t-3))
By using Heaviside
Plot the graph

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Properties of a Signal
Siso

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Miso
Simo
Mimo

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1. Casual and non casual
2. Static(memory) and dynamic (with memory system)

o/p depends only on an current value of ip

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Lab # 04 Objectives:: Task: Draw A Rectangular Pulse Function

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MCT-301 SIGNAL AND SYSTEM LAB MANUAL

Fig.4.1 Rectangular Pulse Function

Task: Real exponential Function (D.T)

x[n]=(0.8)n -3<= n<=5

x[n]=(1.2)n -3<= n<=5\

INSTRUCTOR: S M UMAIR RASHEED

Fig.4.2 Real Exponential Sequence

Fig.4.3 Real plot

Fig.4.4 Absolute plot

INSTRUCTOR: S M UMAIR RASHEED

Fig.4.5 angle plot

Fig.4.6 A sinusoidal Function

Fig.4.7 Continuous time signal

INSTRUCTOR: S M UMAIR RASHEED

Task: Plot Sawtooth

Fig.4.8 Sawtooth Signal

Fig.4.9 plotting a Square shape Signal

Fig.4.10 Casual Signal

INSTRUCTOR: S M UMAIR RASHEED

Fig.4.11 Non-Casual Signal

Even Odd and their addition:

Fig.4.12 Even Odd Signal and Their Sum

INSTRUCTOR: S M UMAIR RASHEED

Fig.4.13 Power or Energy signal

INSTRUCTOR: S M UMAIR RASHEED

INSTRUCTOR: S M UMAIR RASHEED

Plot the graph

INSTRUCTOR: S M UMAIR RASHEED

INSTRUCTOR: S M UMAIR RASHEED

INSTRUCTOR: S M UMAIR RASHEED

INSTRUCTOR: S M UMAIR RASHEED

1. Casual and non casual

2. Static(memory) and dynamic (with memory system)

INSTRUCTOR: S M UMAIR RASHEED

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