0 evaluări0% au considerat acest document util (0 voturi)
26 vizualizări4 pagini
This document discusses stress, its causes, and its effects on the body. It defines stress as the body's natural response to demands placed on it, which causes the release of hormones to prepare the body for fighting or fleeing. Stress can be caused by both good and bad experiences. Too much unmanaged stress leads to stress overload. Stressors are the causes of stress and can be personal, environmental, physical, or psychological factors. The document categorizes different types of psychological stressors like catastrophic events, life changes, chronic stressors, and daily hassles. It also discusses different types of motivational conflicts that can induce stress.
This document discusses stress, its causes, and its effects on the body. It defines stress as the body's natural response to demands placed on it, which causes the release of hormones to prepare the body for fighting or fleeing. Stress can be caused by both good and bad experiences. Too much unmanaged stress leads to stress overload. Stressors are the causes of stress and can be personal, environmental, physical, or psychological factors. The document categorizes different types of psychological stressors like catastrophic events, life changes, chronic stressors, and daily hassles. It also discusses different types of motivational conflicts that can induce stress.
This document discusses stress, its causes, and its effects on the body. It defines stress as the body's natural response to demands placed on it, which causes the release of hormones to prepare the body for fighting or fleeing. Stress can be caused by both good and bad experiences. Too much unmanaged stress leads to stress overload. Stressors are the causes of stress and can be personal, environmental, physical, or psychological factors. The document categorizes different types of psychological stressors like catastrophic events, life changes, chronic stressors, and daily hassles. It also discusses different types of motivational conflicts that can induce stress.
FOR THE SELF CHAPTER 3: TAKING CHARGE FOR ONE’S HEALTH JURILYN A. PEREZ BSCA
TAKING CHARGE FOR ONE'S HEALTH
WHAT IS STRESS? STRESS IS YOUR BODY'S WAY OF RESPONDING TO ANY KIND OF DEMAND. STRESS IS THE BODY'S NATURAL DEFENSE AGAINST PREDATORS AND DANGER. IT FLUSHES THE BODY WITH HORMONES TO PREPARE SYSTEMS TO EVADE OR CONFRONT DANGER. THIS IS KNOWN AS THE "FIGHT-OR-FLIGHT" MECHANISM. IT CAN BE CAUSED BY BOTH GOOD AND BAD EXPERIENCES.WHEN PEOPLE FEEL STRESSED BY SOMETHING GOING ON AROUND THEM, THEIR BODIES REACT BY RELEASING CHEMICALS INTO THE BLOOD. THESE CHEMICALS GIVE PEOPLE MORE ENERGY AND STRENGTH, WHICH CAN BE A GOOD THING IF THEIR STRESS IS CAUSED BY PHYSICAL DANGER. BUT THIS CAN ALSO BE A BAD THING, IF THEIR STRESS IS IN RESPONSE TO SOMETHING EMOTIONAL AND THERE IS NO OUTLET FOR THIS EXTRA ENERGY AND STRENGTH.
STRESS DEFINED IN MANY WAYS
- BLOOM (1988) DEFINES STRESS AS EXTERNAL EVENTS THAT MAKE ADAPTIVE DEMANDS ON A PERSON. WITH THE CHANGING OF THE ENVIRONMENT NECESSARY FOR THE INDIVIDUAL TO SURVIVE AND ADAPT DEMANDS OF TIME ALL HUMAN BEINGS EXPERIENCE. STRESS IS SIMPLY A WAY OF LIFE, IT IS AN INEVITABLE PART OF LIFE.WHICH ONE CANNOT AVOID, BUT CAN ONLY BE CONTROLLED OR MANAGED.
PEARLIN. LIEBERMAN, MENAGHAN & MULLEN,1981; WEINER, 1992) THE LEVEL OF STRESS EXPERIENCED BY THE INDIVIDUAL DEPENDS UPON HOW STRESS IS BEING PERCEIVED .STRESS DOES NOT ONLY COME FROM THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT OR FROM OUR SURROUNDINGS BUT OFTEN AISO IT COME FROM THE PRESSURES AND CHALLENGES THAT WE DEMAND FOR OURSELVES.
HOW MUCH STRESS IS TOO MUCH
STRESS HAS BOTH POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SIDE —EFFECTS. WHEN EXPERIENCING STRESS, INDIVIDUALS USE COPING STRATEGIES AND RESOURCES TO DEAL WITH IT, HOWEVER, SOMETIMES STRESS IS TOO MUCH THAT AN INDIVIDUAL'S COPING STRATEGIES AND RESOURCES ARE NOT SUFFICIENT ENOUGH TO MANAGE OR REDUCE THE STRESSORS.WHEN THIS HAPPEN, STRESS OVERLOAD TAKES PLACE. STRESSORS
THE CAUSES OF STRESS ARE CALLED STRESSORS. IT CAN BE PERSONAL,
ENVIRONMENTAL, PHYSICAL, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL.
PERSONAL STRESSORS- REFER TO INTERNAL DEMANDS TO SUCH AS FEAR OF
FAILURE OR WORRYING ABOUT THE FUTURE;
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS- ARE EXTERNAL EVENTS LIKE CHANGE IN FAMILY
ROLES, LIVING CONDITIONS AND SOCIAL ACTIVITIES;
PHYSICAL STRESSORS- ARE CONDITIONS SUCH AS NOISE, POLLUTANTS, OR
TOXIC ELEMENTS FOUND IN THE BODY AND
PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESSORS -ARE COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE DEMANDS
SUCH AS BREAK-UP, DEATH OF LOVE ONE OR RIGOROUS ACADEMIC STANDARDS. FOR HUMANS, MOST STRESSORS INCLUDE BOTH PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL COMPONENTS.
PHYSICAL STRESSORS -ARE CONDITIONS SUCH AS CROWDING ISOLATION,
PRESENCE OF POLLUTANTS, OR TOXIC ELEMENTS FOUND IN THE ENVIRONMENT OR PHYSICAL BODY. PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESSORS, ON THE OTHER HAND, RESULT FROM “ONE’S OWN MENTAL AND EMOTIONAL REACTIVITY TO ONE’S OWN INNER COGNITIONS AND EMOTIONS OR TO OUTSIDE FACTORS SUCH AS PERSONS, PLACES AND EVENTS” (ZANDEN, 1993).
PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESSORS ARE LIFE EVENTS, POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE THAT
FORCES A PERSON TO CHANGE OR ADAPT. 1. CATASTROPHIC EVENT ARE SUDDEN, UNEXPECTED, POTENTIALLY LIKE- THREATENING EVENTS, TRAUMA. EXAMPLE: INCIDENTS, ASSULTS AND NATURAL DISASTERS.
2. LIFE CHANGES AND STRAINS ARE EVENTS THAT CALL FOR ADJUSTMENT. EXAMPLE: DIVORCE, FAMILY ILLNESS, UNEMPLOYMENT AND MOVING TO A PLACE.
3. CHRONIC STRESSORS CONTINUE OVER A LONG PERIOD OF TIME
EXAMPLE: LIVING NEAR A NOISY AIRPORT, EXPERIENCING DISCRIMINATION AND LIVING UNDER THE THREAT OF TERRORISM.
4. DAILY HASSLES ARE MINOR IRRITATIONS, PRESSURE AND ANNOYANCES
WHOSE EFFECT AND UP TO BECOME SIGNIFICANT. EXAMPLE: DAILY COMMUTING IN EVERY TRAFFIC MOREOVER, THERE ARE CONFLICT-INDUCED STRESSORS, THIS REFER TO STRESSORS IN WHICH SOME GOALS CAN BE SATISFIED ONLY AT THE EXPENSE OF OTHERS. THESE ARE FOUR MAJOR TYPES OF MOTIVATIONAL CONFLICTS: 1. APPROACH-APPROACH CONFLICTS RESULT WHEN A PERSON IS CAUGHT BETWEEN TWO OR MORE ALTERNATIVES, EACH OF WHICH IS POSITIVE OR POTENTIALLY REINFORCING. 2. 3. AVOIDANCE-AVOIDANCE CONFLICTS, A PERSON ARE FACED WITH SEVERAL ALTERNATIVES, EACH OF WHICH IS NEGATIVE OR PUSHING IN SOME WAY. 4. 5. APPROACH-AVOIDANCE CONFLICTS THERE IS ONLY ONE GOAL A PERSON WOULD LIKE TO REACH BUT AT THE SAME TIME, WOULD LIKE TO AVOID. 6. 7. MULTIPLE APPROACH- AVOIDANCE CONFLICTS RESULT WHEN A PERSON IS FACED WITH A NUMBER OF ALTERNATIVES, EACH OF WHICH IS IN SOME WAY OF BOTH POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE.
Ethical Leadership As Antecedent of Job Satisfaction, Affective Organizational Commitment and Intention To Stay Among Volunteers of Non-Profit Organizations