what are the activating and deactivating groups?

The benzene ring acts as a source of electrons, so that the

Compounds with which it reacts are electronically deficient. When an electrophilic
reagent attacks an aromatic ring containing a
substituent, it is this substituent group that determines how easy the attack will be
and where
will happen
A group that makes a ring more reactive than benzene is called a group
activating one that produces the opposite result is known as deactivating group.
this essay will talk more deeply about the activator groups as deactivators and also
will i conclude because it is important to know these functions in the industry
DEVELOPMENT

An activating group is one whose presence increases the reactivity, the reaction
rate, of the aromatic ring against the aromatic electrophilic substitution with
respect to when that group is absent. The introduction of an activating group into
an unsubstituted aromatic compound will frequently lead to polysubstitution. This
increase in reaction rate is due to the fact that these groups stabilize the cationic
intermediate formed during the substitution through the transfer of electronic
density on the annular system, either by inductive effect or by resonant effect
A deactivating group is one whose presence decreases the reactivity, the reaction
rate, of the aromatic ring against the aromatic electrophilic substitution with
respect to when that group is absent.
This decrease in reaction rate is due to these groups destabilizing the cationic
intermediate. This is because they are groups that remove electronic density from
the aromatic system, either by inductive effect or by resonant effect.
both in the activating and deactivating groups the products obtained in these types
of chemical reactions depend largely on the inductive and resonance effects present
in the reagents due to the different groups that act as substituents.
CONCLUSION

It is important to know these operations for the industry, as the product has already
been mentioned above and the quantities that are obtained are conditioned by the
reagents and substituents that they possess. A process that produces a small amount
of the desired product is not profitable for a industry