St.

Joseph Senior Secondary

School
Physics Project
CBSE
Session- 2019-20
Topic : To study the factor on which the Self Inductance of a coil depends by
observing the effect of this coil, when put in series with a resistor (bulb) in a
circuit fed up by an A.C. source of adjustable frequency.

Submitted by-
Name- Gajendra Singh Chouhan
 Class-XII Roll No-07 Section- BIOLOGY
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify Gajendra Singh Chouhan is a
student of Outgoing batch of Class XII of session
2019-2020 from St Joseph senior Secondary School
Thereby certifying that the above student has done
the project title “To study the factor on which the
Self Inductance of a coil depends by observing the
effect of this coil, when put in series with a resistor
(bulb) in a circuit fed up by an A.C. source of
adjustable frequency” under our supervision.

Signature of Teacher
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my
teachers Mr. Jitendra Saxena who gave me the golden opportunity
to do this wonderful project on the topic which also helped me in
doing a lot of Research and I came to know about so many new
things I am really thankful to them.
Secondly I would also like to thank my parents and friends who
helped me a lot in finalizing this project within the limited time
frame.

Signature of Student
 Introduction
There are four basic factors of inductor construction determining the amount of
inductance created. These factors all indictate inductance by affecting how much
magnetic field flux will develop for a given amount of magnetic field force (current
through the inductor’s wire coil.

The factors are:-

• NUMBER OF WIRE WRAPS, OR “TURNS” IN THE COIL.

• COIL AREA.
• COIL LENGTH.

• CORE MATERIAL.
 INDEX

1: Certificate Page-1
2: Acknowledgement Page-2
3: Introduction Page-3
4: Aim, Apparatus Required, Theory Page-4
5: Circuit Diagram, Procedure
6:Observations
7: Result, Precautions, Sources of Error

Page-7
Aim
To study the factor on which the Self Inductance of a coil depends by observing the effect of this coil,
when put in series with a resistor (bulb) in a circuit fed up by an A.C. source of adjustable frequency.

Apparatus Required
A coil of large turns, A.C. source of adjustable frequency, an electric bulb, (6 V) A.C. ammeter of suitable
range, rheostat, a soft iron rod, one way key, connecting wires etc.

Theory
Self Inductance is the property of a coil which oppose the change in current through it. The Self
Inductance of a coil (long solenoid) is
2
L =μ 0 μ r N A
I

Where μ r= Relative magnetic permeability of magnetic material, μ r= μ

μ
0
N= Total number of turns in solenoid

A= Area of cross section of solenoid

l= Length of solenoid

Hence, the Self Inductance depends upon

• No. of turns (N), L α N2

• Geometry of coil, L=A , L α 1/l
• Nature of core material, L= μ
 When an inductor is connected in series with a resistor (bulb) with a variable source of
frequency, then current flowing in the bulb is

E
I rms = rms

Z
2 ½
Where Z= (R2 + ω L2) =Impedance of the A.C. Circuit

Here R= Resistance of bulb

L= Self Inductance of coil

ω = 2πf = Angular frequency of A.C. source.

The brightness of bulb i.e. Heat generated in bulb is

H= I2 rmsZt

The brightness of bulb i.e. Heat generated in bulb is

H= I2 rmsZt

Or, P=H/t= I2 rmsZ

2 ½
P= I2 rms(R2 + ω L2)

Circuit Diagram
Procedure
• Make all connections as shown in circuit diagram.

• Switch on the A.C. supply and adjust the constant current in the circuit by using
the variable resistor (R1) (let frequency of source is 60 Hz and voltage is 6V).

• Record the current in A.C. ammeter and see the brightness of bulb.

• Now, put the soft iron rod inside the inductor core and record the current in A.C.
ammeter and again check the brightness of bulb. The current and brightness
both decreases.

• Now, switch off the supply and decrease the frequency of A.C. source (say 50
Hz).

• Again switch on the supply and adjust the current in circuit at same constant
voltage 6V by using the rheostat. Note the current in ammeter and brightness of
bulb. The current and brightness both will increases.

• Again insert the iron in the core of coil and note the current and brightness. The
current and brightness both decreases.
 • Repeat the steps 5, 6 and 7 for different frequency of A.C. source(say 40 Hz,30 Hz
and 20 Hz).

Observations

• Least Count Error= A.

• Zero error of ammeter= A.

• Range of ammeter= A.

S No. Frequency of Current in Current in

applied ammeter without ammeter with
voltage(Hz) iron rod in coil (A) iron rod in coil (A)
1. 60
2. 50
3. 40
4. 30
5. 20

Result
• The current in the circuit decrease on inserting the iron rod in the core of coil at constant
frequency of applied voltage and brightness of bulb decreases and vice-versa.
 • The current in the circuit increases on decreasing the frequency of applied voltage and vice-
versa. Therefore, the brightness of bulb increases.

Precautions
• The coil should have large number of turns.

• Current should be passed for a small time to avoid the heating effect.

• There should not be parallax in taking the reading of ammeter.

Sources of Error

• The resistance of circuit may increases slightly due to heating effect of current.

• There may be eddy current in soft iron coil.