INTRODUCTION TO ICT websites allow readers to comment on an article,
participate in a poll, or review a specific product
INFORMATION - refers to the knowledge obtained
from reading, investigation, study or research.
COMMUNICATION - is a process whereby
information is exchanged between individuals
using symbols, signs or verbal interactions.
TECHNOLOGY - is the use of scientific knowledge,
experience, and resources to create processes
and products that fulfill human needs.
ICT – deals with the use of different
communication technologies such as mobile
phones, telephone, Internet, etc. to locate, save,
send, and edit information.
TYPES OF WEB PAGES
WEB 1.0 - Static (also known as flat page or
stationary page) in the sense that the page is “as
is” and cannot be manipulated by the user.
WEB 2.0 - is the evolution of Web 1.0 by adding
Dynamic web pages - the user is able to see a
website differently than others and most websites
that we visit today are Web 2.0.
FEATURES OF WEB 2.0
Folksonomy - It allows users to categorize and
classify/arrange information using freely chosen
keywords (e.g., tagging). Popular social
networking sites such as Twitter, Instagram,
Facebook, etc. use tags that start with the pound
sign (#). This is also referred to as hashtag.
Rich User Experience - Content is dynamic and
is responsive to user’s input. An example would be
a website that shows local content. In the case of
social networking sites, when logged on, your
account is used to modify what you see in their
website.
User Participation - The owner of the website is
not the only one who is able to put content. Others
are able to place a content of their own by means
of comment, reviews, and evaluation. Some
(e.g., Amazon.com, online stores).
Mass Participation - It is a diverse information
sharing through universal web access. Since
most users can use the Internet, Web 2.0’s
content is based on people from various
cultures.
WEB 3.0 - The Semantic Web provides a
common framework that allows data to be
shared and reused across application,
enterprise, and community boundaries.
TRENDS IN ICT
Convergence - Technological convergence is
the synergy of technological advancements to
work on a similar goal or task. Convergence is
using several technologies to accomplish a task
conveniently.
Social Media - Social media is a website,
application, or online channels that enable web
users to create, co-create, discuss, modify, and
exchange user-generated content.
TYPES OF SOCIAL MEDIA
Social Networks - These are sites that allow
you to connect with other people with the same
interests or background. Examples: Facebook
and Google+
Bookmarking Sites - These are sites that allow
you to store and manage links to various
websites and resources. Most of these sites
allow you to create a tag that allows you and
others to easily search or share them.
Social News - These are sites that allow users
to post their own news items or links to other
news sources. Examples: reddit and Digg
Media Sharing - These are sites that allow you
to upload and share media content like images,
music, and video. Examples: Flickr, Youtube,
Instagram
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Microblogging - These are sites that focus on
short updates from the user. Example: Twitter
Blogs and Forums - These websites allow users
to post their content. Examples: Blogger,
Wordpress, and Tumblr
Mobile Technologies - The popularity of
smartphones and tablets has taken a major rise
over the years. This is largely because of the
devices’ capability to do tasks that were originally
found in personal computers.
KINDS OF OPERATING SYTEM
iOS – Apple devices such as iPhone & iPad
Android – Open Source OS developed by Google
Blackberry OS – used in Blackberry devices
Windows Phone OS – closed source and
proprietary OS developed by Microsoft
Symbian – original smartphone OS; used by
Nokia devices
WebOS – originally used for smartphones; now
used for smart TV’s
Windows Mobile – developed by Microsoft
Assistive Media - is a nonprofit service designed
to help people who have visual and reading
impairments. A database of audio recordings is
used to read to the user.
RULES OF NETIQUETTE
Netiquette - The Do’s and Don’ts of Online
Communication.
Internet - is defined as Information Superhighway.
This means that anyone has access to this
highway, can place info, and can grab that info.
Internet Safety - refers to the online security or
safety of people and their information when using
the Internet.
INTERNET THREATS
Malware – stands for malicious software and a set
of instruction that run on your computer and make
your system do something that an attacker
wants it to do.
TYPES OF MALWARE
Virus - a piece of malicious computer code that
attaches itself to a software program, email or
computer file without your permission.
Worm - a malicious program that transfers from
one computer to another by any type of means.
Trojan - a malicious program that disguised as
a useful program but once downloaded or
installed it leaves your PC unprotected and
allows hackers to get your information.
Spyware - a program that runs in the
background without you knowing it and has the
ability to monitor what you are currently doing
and typing.
Keyloggers - used to record the keystroke
done by the user to steal password or any other
sensitive information.
Adware - a program designed to send your
advertisement and mostly as pop-ups.
Spam – unwanted email mostly from bots or
advertisers. It can be used to send malware.
Phishing – Its goal is to acquire sensitive
personal information like passwords and credit
card details.
Pharming - a more complicated way of phishing
where it exploits the DNS system.
GOVERNMENT PROVISIONS FOR ONLINE
COURTESY AND ETIQUETTE
Republic Act 10627 - Anti-Bullying Act of 2013
Republic Act 10175 - Cybercrime Prevention
Act of 2012
Copyright - a form of protection for an author’s
original piece of work.
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Mail Merge - a feature that allows you to create
documents and combine or merge them with
another document or data file.
Purpose of Mail Merge
 Used to create multiple documents at once.
 Only specific sections of each document
varies and is personalized.
A. Kinds of Materials
There are various kinds of materials
Microsoft Word is capable of integrating to make
the documents richer, more impressive, and more
informative.
1. Pictures
Generally, these are electronic or digital
pictures or photographs you have saved in any
local storage device. There are three commonly
used types of picture files. You can identify them
by the extension on their file names.
a. .JPG/JPEG
This is pronounced as “jay-peg“ and is the
short form of .jpeg or Joint Photographic Experts
Group. Like all the rest of the image file
extensions, it identifies the kind of data
compression process that it uses to make it more
compatible and portable through the Internet. This
type of image file can support 16.7 million colors
that is why it is suitable for use when working with
full color photographic images.
b. .GIF
This stands for Graphics Interchange
Format. This type of image file is capable of
displaying transparencies. Therefore, it is good for
blending with other materials or elements in your
document. It is also capable of displaying simple
animation. Apparently, this may not be too useful
on a printed document but if you are sending
documents electronically or through email, or even
post documents into a website, then this could be
quite impressive. The downside is that it can only
support up to 256 colors so it is good mostly on
logos and art decors with very limited, and
generally solid colors.
c. .PNG
This is pronounced as “ping“. It stands
for Portable Network Graphics. It was built
around the capabilities of .GIF. Its development
was basically for the purpose of transporting
images on the Internet at faster rates. It is also
good with transparencies but unlike .GIFs, it
does not support animation but it can display up
to 16 million colors, so image quality for this
image file type is also remarkably improved.
2. Clip Art
This is generally a .GIF type; line art
drawings or images used as generic
representation for ideas and objects that you
might want to integrate in your document.
Microsoft Word has a library of clip arts that is
built in or can be downloaded and used freely.
There are still other clip arts that you can either
purchase or freely download and use that come
from third-party providers.
3. Shapes
These are printable objects or materials
that you can integrate in your document to
enhance its appearance or allow you to have
some tools to use for composing and
representing ideas or messages. If you are
designing the layout for a poster or other
graphic material for advertising, you might find
this useful.
4. Smart Art
Generally, these are predefined sets of
different shapes grouped together to form ideas
that are organizational or structural in nature. If
you want to graphically represent an
organization, process, relationships, or flow for
infographic documents, then you will find this
easy and handy to use.
5. Chart
Another type of material that you can
integrate in your Word document that allows you
to represent data characteristics and trends.
This is quite useful when you are preparing
reports that correlate and present data in a
graphical manner. You can create charts that
can be integrate in your document either directly
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in Microsoft Word or imported from external files E. Top and Bottom
like Microsoft Excel. This setting pushes the texts away
vertically to the top and/or the bottom of the
6. Screenshot image so that the image occupies a whole text
Sometimes, creating reports or manuals line on its own.
for training or procedures will require the
integration of a more realistic image of what you F. Behind Text
are discussing on your report or manual. Nothing This allows your image to be dragged
can get you a more realistic image than a and placed anywhere on your document but
screenshot. Microsoft Word even provides a with all the texts floating in front of it. It
snipping tool for your screen shots so you can effectively makes your image look like a
select and display only the part that you exactly background.
like to capture on your screen.
G. In Front of Text
As it suggests, this setting allows your
III. Image Placement image to be placed right on top of the text as if
your image was dropped right on it. That means
A. In Line with Text whatever part of the text you placed the image
This is the default setting for images that on, it will be covered by the image.
are inserted or integrated in your document. It
treats your image like a text font with the bottom
side totally aligned with the text line. This setting is
usually used when you need to place your image
at the beginning of a paragraph. When placed
between texts in a paragraph or a sentence, it
distorts the overall appearance and arrangement
of the texts in the paragraph because it will take up
the space it needs vertically, pushing whole lines
of texts upward.

B. Square
This setting allows the image you inserted
to be placed anywhere with the paragraph with the
text going around the image in a square pattern
like frame.

C. Tight
This is almost the same as the Square
setting, but here the text “hug” or conforms to the
general shape of the image.

D. Through
This setting allows the text on your
document to flow even tighter taking the contours
and shape of the image. Again, this can be best
used with .GIF or .PNG type of image.

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